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Bu çalışma, Zom koyunlarında iki farklı dozda at koriyonik gonadotropini (equine chorionic gonadotropini; eCG) hormonu uygulamasının bazı fertilite parametreleri üzerine etkilerini incelemek için yapıldı. Bu amaçla, 77 baş Zom koyununa üreme mevsimi içerisinde 12 gün süreyle 20 mg fluorogestone acetate (FGA; progesterone analoğu) içeren vajinal sünger uygulandı. Koyunlar, süngerin çıkarılmasından 24 saat önce enjekte edilen eCG dozuna göre belirtildiği şekilde üç gruba ayrıldı; kontrol grubu (eCG enjekte edilemeyenler, n=30), eCG-400 (400 IU eCG enjekte edilenler, n=24) ve eCG-600 (600 IU eCG enjekte edilenler, n=23). Bu enjeksiyonla eş zamanlı olarak, tüm koyunlara 75 mcg kloprostenol (prostaglandinF2alfa (PGF2α); PF2α analoğu) enjekte edildi. Tüm enjeksiyonlar kas içi yapıldı. Koyunların östrüsleri süngerin uzaklaştırılmasını izleyen 5 gün boyunca (günde 3 kez 30 dakika) arayıcı koçlarla kontrol edildi ve östrüste olduğu belirlenen koyunlar çiftleştirildi. Koyunların gebeliği çiftleştirme sonrası 60. günde ultrasonografi ile kontrol edildi. Kuzulayan koyunlar ve kuzuları doğumda kayıt edildi. Östrüs oranı, gebelik oranı, kuzulama oranı, çoklu kuzulama oranı, bir doğumdaki ortalama kuzu sayısı ve kuzu verimi açısından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli düzeyde olmadı (p>0.05). Bu sonuçlara göre, üreme sezonu içerisinde Zom koyunlarının östrüslerinin progesteron ve PGF2α kombinasyonuyla etkin olarak senkronize edilebileceği, ancak süngerin uzaklaştırılmasından 24 saat önce 400 veya 600 IU eCG uygulamasının incelenen döl verimi parametreleri üzerine olumlu bir etkisinin olmadığı ifade edilebilir. The present study was done to examine the effects of two different doses of equine chorionic gonadotropini (eCG) on some fertility parameters in Zoom ewes. For this purpose, a total of 77 Zom ewes were treated with intravaginal sponge containing 20 mg of fluorogestone acetate (FGA; progesterone analog) for 12 days during breeding season. Then, according to eCG injected doses at 24 h before sponge removal, ewes were divided into three groups as following; control group (no received eCG, n=30) eCG-400 group (received in 400 IU eCG dose, n=24) and eCG-600 group (received 600 IU eCG dose, n=23). Simultaneously, with this injection, all ewes were injected 75 mcg cloprostenol (PGF2α; a synthetic analog of prostaglandinF2alpha). All injections were done intramuscularly, deeply. After intravaginal sponge removal, estrus symptoms of ewes was checked with teaser rams (three times a day and 30 min) for the 5 following days, and ewes in estrus were mated. Pregnancy in ewes tested on day 60 after mating by ultrasonography. Ewes lambing and lambs were recorded. Estrus rates, pregnancy rate, lambing rates, multiple lambing rates and litter size were not different among groups (p>0.05). According to these results, it could be suggested that using intravaginal sponge combined with PGF2α achieved a high rates in estrous in Zom ewes. However, doses of 400 or 600 IU eCG administration 24 hours before sponge removal did not have a positive effect on fertility parameters in Zom ewes during breeding season.

In the examination of a five-year-old South Anatolian Red and a Simental cross-breed, dystocia was found to be related to the presentation disorder of the calf. In the clinical examination of the 24-kg male calf delivered by the extraction force, were found to have 7 incisive teeth pathologically in maxilla of the calf. In the following days, in the examinations of the cow, wounds on her mother's udder have appeared depending on the sucking of the calf and consequently mastitis detected. X-rays were taken from various angles to determine the root depth of the roots of the incisive teeth in the maxilla before the operation. Then, incisive teeth were removed with operation from the maxilla accompanied by mild sedation and local anesthesia. It was seen that the calf’s non closing mouth due to incisive teeth in maxilla before the operation, return to normal and there was no function problem.

Early and efficient detection of embryonic death (ED) has a valuable impact as important as early pregnancy diagnosis in ruminants. Among early pregnancy diagnosis methods, detection of the expression of interferon tau–stimulated genes (ISGs) in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) is well documented in cows and ewes. Therefore, we hypothesized that the expression profile of ISGs in PBLs might also be useful for detecting ED in these animals. For this purpose, pregnant ewes were used as an experimental model. Pregnancy was detected on Day 18 after mating by transrectal ultrasonography. Pregnant ewes were divided into a control group (sham injection on Day 18, n = 10) and ED group (treated with 75 μg synthetic PGF 2α on Day 18, n = 12). PBLs and plasma were collected on Days 0 (mating day), 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, and 25 by jugular venipuncture. Total RNA was isolated from PBLs. ISGs expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction in triplicate. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay was used to measure progesterone (P 4 ) levels in plasma. In the ED group, the P 4 level declined to less than 1 ng/mL on Day 19 and remained at a low level until the end of the study. Compared with that on Day 0, receptor transporter protein 4 ( RTP4 ) and ISG15 expression was upregulated on Day 15 and remained high until Day 21 in both groups, and RTP4 and ISG15 mRNA levels were attenuated on Days 23 and 25 only in the ED group (P Myxovirus resistance 1 expression was upregulated on Day 15 and remained high until Day 23 in both groups, but was attenuated on Day 25 in the ED group (P B2-microglobulin mRNA level did not change significantly during the study in either group. These results indicate that the decline in P 4 concentration was an immediate response to PGF 2α and that the embryo may have survived longer than the CL on the basis of the extended period of ISGs expression. This suggests that the absence of P 4 could be the reason for ED rather than a direct effect of PGF 2α . In conclusion, the expression of ISGs, including ISG15 , RTP4 , and myxovirus resistance 1 , but not B2-microglobulin , in PBLs may serve as a marker of ED.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis, listeriosis and leishmaniasis in dogs in Diyarbakir region, Turkey. A total of 100 sera were collected from healthy dogs and tested for toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis and listeriosis by the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test (SFDT), Indirekt Florescence Antikor Test (IFAT) and, Osebold Agglutination Test (OAT), respectively. Among these 100 dogs, 94 (94%) were seropositive for toxoplasmosis and and 17 (17%), for listeriosis. All of them were found to be seronegative for leishmaniasis. No statistically significant differences were observed between male and female dogs in the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and listeriosis. As a result, the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Listeria monocytogenesis specific antibodies in dogs in the region of Diyarbakir was determined.