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Modeling cross-sectional correlations between thousands of stocks, across countries and industries, can be challenging. In this paper, we demonstrate the advantages of using Hierarchical Principal Component Analysis (HPCA) over the classic PCA. We also introduce a statistical clustering algorithm for identifying of homogeneous clusters of stocks, or "synthetic sectors". We apply these methods to study cross-sectional correlations in the US, Europe, China, and Emerging Markets.

This book, which is in Spanish, provides detailed descriptions, including over 550 mathematical formulas, for over 150 trading strategies across a host of asset classes (and trading styles). This includes stocks, options, fixed income, futures, ETFs, indexes, commodities, foreign exchange, convertibles, structured assets, volatility (as an asset class), real estate, distressed assets, cash, cryptocurrencies, miscellany (such as weather, energy, inflation), global macro, infrastructure, and tax arbitrage. Some strategies are based on machine learning algorithms (such as artificial neural networks, Bayes, k-nearest neighbors). We also give: source code for illustrating out-of-sample backtesting with explanatory notes; around 2,000 bibliographic references; and over 900 glossary, acronym and math definitions. The presentation is intended to be descriptive and pedagogical. ----- Este libro proporciona descripciones detalladas, que incluyen m\'as de 550 f\'ormulas matem\'aticas, para m\'as de 150 estrategias de trading para una gran cantidad de clases de activos y estilos de trading. Esto incluye acciones, opciones, bonos (renta fija), futuros, ETFs, \'indices, commodities, divisas, bonos convertibles, activos estructurados, volatilidad (como clase de activos), bienes inmuebles, activos en distress, efectivo, criptomonedas, miscel\'aneos (como clima, energ\'ia, inflaci\'on), macro global, infraestructura y arbitraje impositivo. Algunas estrategias se basan en algoritmos de aprendizaje autom\'atico (como redes neuronales artificiales, Bayes, k vecinos m\'as cercanos). El libro tambi\'en incluye c\'odigo para backtesting fuera de la muestra con notas explicativas; cerca de 2,000 referencias bibliogr\'aficas; m\'as de 900 t\'erminos que comprenden el glosario, acr\'onimos y definiciones matem\'aticas. La presentaci\'on pretende ser descriptiva y pedag\'ogica., Comment: 398 pages; in Spanish; complete English version is freely downloadable from https://ssrn.com/abstract=3247865; English edition: Z. Kakushadze and J.A. Serur. 151 Trading Strategies. Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, an imprint of Springer Nature, 1st Edition (2018), XX, 480 pp; ISBN 978-3-030-02791-9

Greed and fear are the main psychological factors driving investment deci-sions, and the VIX Index is regarded as the most important measure of howfearful the market feels about future returns of the main equity index, theS&P 500 Index. However, given that the VIX is calculated by combiningboth upside expected volatility implicit in out-of-the-money calls and down-side expected volatility implicit in the value of out-of-the-money puts, thetaken-for-granted assumption that a rising VIX should be interpreted as asign of growing fear in the equities market can be misleading. In this paperwe formally deconstruct the index into two components, the upside and thedownside expected volatility, in a similar fashion as it is done in statisticswith the semi-variance. We then propose a Greed-Fear index using the dataobtained to provide a better gauge about investors' sentiment on the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The volatility premium is a well-documented phenomenon, which can be approximated by the difference between the previous month level of the VIX Index and the rolling 30-day close-to-close volatility. Along with the literature, we show evidence that VIX is generally above the 30-day rolling volatility giving rise to the volatility premium, so selling volatility can become a profitable trading strategy as long as proper risk management is under place. As a contribution, we introduced the implementation of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM), identifying two states of the nature and showing that the volatility premium undergoes temporal breaks in its behavior. Based on this, we formulate a trading strategy by selling volatility and switching to medium-term U.S. Treasury Bills when appropriated. We test the performance of the strategy using the conventional Carhart four-factor model showing a positive and statistically significant alpha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]