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IPOS Swedish wood- Innovation POtential for the biobased Society, is a coordination project within Bioinnovation Construction & Design. The coordination project IPOS has been led by Karin Sandberg RISE Research Institutes of Sweden. This report consists of results from four subprojects (SP) within IPOS compiled by the project leaders. Innovations and development of new wood-based products to increase the value of the raw material have been in focus in the four subprojects. Common for the subprojects are the effort for developing new materials, processes, products and manufacturing methods as well as market and product development DeProtion -Design, Product development & Communication (SP1) The purpose has been to collaboratively develop a general innovative product development model that supports the wood industry's development of products with value-adding design and/or with the support of design automation. Compiled by Fredrik Henriksson, Linköping University in chapter 2. Demand driven finishing of Swedish wood (SP2) The purpose has been to ensure efficient processes that can deliver the right wood material for continued processing within the value chains for industrial wood construction, as well as exterior and interior carpentry products. Compiled by Bror Sundqvist Luleå University of Technology in chapter 3. The Facade of the city Swift, Stylish, Smart (SP3) The purpose has been to increase the market for wooden facades and therefore develop a concept for an attractive functional facade system of pine adapted for urban environment with regards to design, fire, competitive cost and environmental profile. Compiled by Karin Sandberg Research Institutes of Sweden in chapter 4. Outdoor load-bearing timber structures (SP4) The purpose has been to extend the scope of chemically modified wood (acetylation) for load-bearing outdoor structures and Scandinavian wood species, pine and birch. Compiled by Erik Serrano, Lund University in chapter 5. In all sub-projec

Numerical modeling is an efficient tool for experimental validation and for gaining a deeper understanding of complex material phenomena, especially when causal relationships are overlaid by material variability. Wood is such a highly orthotropic and complex material, which in engineering problems however is considered as macro- homogeneous. The aim of this study is to numerically investigate stress and strain states of wood in the radial- tangential plane and the influence of the orthotropic material behavior on the structural response. Model vali-dation is based on experiments performed on clear wood of Norway spruce (Picea abies) by using a biaxial test setup. Three material models were used, namely Hill’s plasticity model, the Hoffman criterion and a novel quadratic multi-surface (QMS) criterion. After validation on the local material scale, the models were applied to the engineering problem of compression perpendicular to the grain for studying the effect of the unloaded length. As a novel part, the influence of the annual ring structure on the local material behavior and the global elasto- plastic force–displacement behavior of wood under compression perpendicular to the grain were numerically investigated. Hill’s failure criterion was found to be the least suitable at both length scales, local material behavior and global structural response. The Hoffman and the QMS criteria showed quite good agreement with the biaxial experiments in terms of force–displacement relations and strain distributions for different loading situations, especially for combinations with radial compression, while there was less agreement with experiments for the behavior of combinations with tangential compression. Application of these material models to compression perpendicular to the grain for studying the unloaded length effect yielded similar trends as observed in structural tests. A reasonable and similar force–displacement response by Hoffman and QMS criteria was observed, w