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Background: Bruxism is a behaviour that has several consequences in an individual's life, especially when it starts in childhood. However, bruxism can be a potential protective factor, which is an attribute that reduces the chance of a negative health outcome. Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of sleep bruxism (SB) and dental wear in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal study began in 2014 and 2016 (baseline) with initial 1816 children followed for 5 and 3 years, respectively. The follow‐up data collection started in 2019. The diagnosis of SB was parents report (baseline) and self‐report (follow‐up) due to age groups of each phase, and questions related to symptoms of SB were collected. Five calibrated examiners (kappa >0.7) collected the clinical data. The clinical variables were dental erosion and dental wear. Contextual, individual, behaviour and clinical characteristics were collected. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to investigate the association of contextual, individual, behaviour and clinical characteristics with SB. Poisson regression for repeated measures was performed to evaluate the incidence of SB and dental wear (incidence rate ratio—IRR and confidence interval—95% CI). Results: Two hundred and fifty‐three children and adolescents answered questionnaires and were clinically examined. The mean age of the follow‐up in 2019 was 11.25 years old (±2.19). There was no increase in the incidence of SB (95% CI: 0.74–1.35). Children/adolescents had a 2.2 higher risk to present dental wear (95% CI: 1.89–2.60). SB at the follow‐up was associated with the contextual variable, earache, erosion and awake bruxism. Conclusions: In this population, children with SB remained with this behaviour and showed higher dental wear over the years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: This global bibliometric review aimed to investigate trends in publications relating to tinnitus and TMD. Methods: A search was performed in eight databases (June/2022), by independent researchers with relevant keywords about tinnitus and TMD, without restriction of date or language. Original research or case report/series evaluating prevalence, association and risk related to tinnitus and TMD were included. Independent examiners selected studies by title and abstract and performed data extraction. Data about publication and researchers, study population, objective, study design and diagnostic criteria for tinnitus and TMD were exported to VintagePoint® for bibliometric analyses. Data about the direct association between tinnitus and TMD were extracted. Results: One hundred and seventeen articles from 25 countries were included, most observational (68.4%) and evaluating association (N = 60; 44.8%). Among the 60 studies of association, 22 (36.6%) presented results of a direct association between the presence/absence of tinnitus and the presence/absence of TMD. Brazil (19.5%) and the United States (12.7%) were the countries with the most publications, and Dentistry (48.6%) was the main publication area. A growth in publications in Dentistry was observed in the past 30 years and in the past 10 years in Medicine. Half of the studies included the elderly population (50.2%). The main diagnostic criterion for both tinnitus (37.8%) and TMD (28%) was general questionnaires and/or self‐report. Conclusion: There is a growing trend in publications relating to tinnitus and TMD, especially in Dentistry, with a predominance of observational and association studies in the elderly population using questionnaires and/or self‐report. More research with robust diagnostic methods and other study designs should be encouraged in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Investigate the association between sleep disorders and probable sleep bruxism (SB) in children eight to ten years of age. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 739 schoolchildren in Brazil. Parents/guardians answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the sleep disturbance scale for children, and the Circadian Energy Scale. Parafunctional habits were evaluated using the Nordic Orofacial Test‐Screening. Multivariate logistic regression was performed (α = 5%), and a directed acyclic graph was used in the statistical model. Results: The prevalence of probable SB was 9.1% and 58.6% of the children had sleep disorders. In the final model, having unmarried parents/guardians (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.07–3.65), exhibiting parafunctional habits (OR = 2.02; CI: 1.01–4.06), not practicing sports (OR = 1.92; CI: 1.04–3.54), sleep‐wake transition disorders (SWTD) (OR = 2.01; 95%CI: 1.12–3.62), and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) (OR = 2.17; 95%CI: 1.11–4.29) were significant associated with probable SB. Conclusion: The occurrence of probable sleep bruxism was influenced by the marital status of the parents/guardians, parafunctional habits, the non‐practice of sports, and sleep disturbance (SWTD and EDS). This research contributes to the planning of public policies that include educational regimens at school to prevent sleep disorders and favor the reduction in sleep bruxism prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bruxism is characterized by tooth grinding and/or clenching. Aim: To evaluate the association between possible awake bruxism (PAB) and bullying among individuals aged 8–11 years. Design: A representative cross‐sectional study was conducted with 434 eight‐ to eleven‐year‐old children/adolescents. Parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire to provide data on sociodemographic characteristics. Children/adolescents answered a questionnaire about the occurrence of PAB. The Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire was used. The Poisson regression analysis was performed. Results: Of the 434 children/adolescents, 209 (48.2%) were boys and 225 (51.8%) were girls. The mean age of the children/adolescents was 9.14 years (±1.00). Children/adolescents who were victims of bullying (PR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.14‐2.04, P =.005) and bullies‐victims (PR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.36‐3.17, P =.001) presented a higher frequency of PAB than those who were not involved in bullying. Conclusion: Children/adolescents who were bullying victims and bullies‐victims had a higher frequency of PAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bruxism is a repetitive activity of the masticatory muscles that has been associated with orofacial disorders and psychosocial factors Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate associations between possible awake bruxism (PAB) and family functioning, bullying, and dental caries in children 8‐10 years of age. Design: A school‐based study was conducted with 739 pairs of parents/guardians and children. The parents/guardians answered the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales for the establishment of family functioning. Information on bullying due to dental conditions was collected from the children. Dental caries in the children was evaluated using International Caries Detection and Assessment System criteria. A directed acyclic graph was used to define the theoretical model and select control factors. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by multivariate logistic regression for complex samples. Results: Considering the parental reports, fewer years of mother's schooling, a low family income, very flexible family adaptability, and cavitated dental caries were associated with PAB. The female sex, bullying, and orofacial dysfunction were associated with self‐reported PAB. Conclusions: Therefore, the factors associated with PAB differ according to the reports of parents/guardians or self‐reports of children. Healthcare providers should consider both reports for a more effective intervention addressing PAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern lifestyle and social demands induce changes in sleep routines that may not meet individual circadian preferences (chronotype). Such changes may be associated with the development of unhealthy lifestyles and the emergence of diseases relevant to public health services, such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, as well as sleep bruxism (SB) and awake bruxism (AB). The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the evening, morning or intermediate chronotypes with the report of possible SB and AB in adult individuals assisted by the Family Health Strategy (FHS). The selection of participants was performed through probabilistic cluster analysis. The sample size (n = 384) was calculated to include a representative sample of the 52,628 adults registered in the FHS of a countryside city located in the Southeast Region of Brazil. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was used to determine the chronotype, and Questionnaire-Based Self-Reported Bruxism was used for identifying possible SB and AB. The following clinical and social-behavioral variables were also evaluated: age, sex, BMI, income, physical activity, schooling, alcohol consumption and smoking, chronic diseases and depression. Two logistic regression models were used: one for SB and one for AB. Possible SB was associated with female sex, lack of physical activity and income above 2 minimum wages. Regarding chronotype, a 19% reduction in the chance of possible SB was observed in morning individuals compared to evening individuals (p =.017). Possible AB was associated with younger individuals, smoking and depression. In conclusion, compared with the evening circadian preference, the morning circadian preference was associated with greater protection against possible SB in an adult population assisted by the FHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During COVID‐19 pandemic, children are confined at home, with changes in family routines. Aim: Evaluate sleep disorders among Brazilian and Portuguese children during social distancing, and its association with parental perception of child's oral hygiene. Design: In this cross‐sectional study, Portuguese and Brazilian parents/caregivers of 3‐ to 15‐year‐old children, practicing social distancing due to COVID‐19 pandemic, answered an online questionnaire, from April 24‐26, 2020, evaluating sociodemographic characteristics, child's school activities online, child's sleep quality during social distancing. Two questions from the questionnaire, developed based on previous studies, evaluated the parental perception of child's oral hygiene quality and routine changes during social distancing. Parents/caregivers answered five domains of the Portuguese‐language version of the Sleep Disturbances Scale for Children, evaluating sleep‐breathing disorders, disorders of arousal, sleep‐wake transition disorders, disorders of excessive somnolence and sleep hyperhidrosis. Descriptive, Linear‐by‐linear association, Kruskal‐Wallis and post hoc analysis were performed (P ≤.05). Results: Participated in the study 253 parents/caregivers, 50.2% from Brazil. Most parents (72.2%) reported changes in child's routine during social distancing. Sleep breathing disorders (P =.019), sleep‐wake transition disorders (P =.022), and disorders of excessive somnolence (P <.001) were associated with poor oral hygiene during social distancing. Conclusion: Sleep disorders are associated with poor oral hygiene during social distancing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Identify factors associated with the prevalence of reported bruxism in children/adolescents with Down Syndrome (DS). Methods: The study included 112 children/adolescents with DS and their parents/caregivers. Oral habits, pacifier/finger sucking, upper respiratory infections (