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Background: The study was planned to assess potential differences in hypertension prevalance and hypertension related demographic properties in a urban area with relatively higher income and cultural population compared to national average. Methods: Field work was done by educated personel at Karşıyaka Municipality Building by one by one interviewing poll, blood pressure measurement, rhythm and body composition analysis in February 2014. Hypertension was defined as average systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or average diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Results: Out of total 1417 (627 males and 790 females) people enrolled, 780 people hypertensive(prevalence 55%). Hypertension prevalence in middle age group( age 35-65) was 46%, in geriatric age group(age>65) %79. 216 out of 780 hypertensive (27.7%) people were not aware of their disease. Ratio of people under antihypertensive treatment was 69.4% and ratio of people under control was 34.7%, whereas control rate was 50.1% in 541 patients who were aware of their diseases.Conclusions: Hypertension prevalances in our study were similar to PatenT2 trial prevalances, which were 46 % for middle age group and 78% for geriatric age group. Compared to PatenT 2 data, rate of hypertension awareness (54.7% vs 72.3%) and rate of being under treatment (47.5% vs 69.4%) were higher. Rate of controlled hypertension was a little big higher (28.7 % vs 34.7% )in our group, whereas control rates in aware and treated groups were similar (53.9 % and 50.1 %) in both study. Keywords: Hypertension, Prevalance, Awareness, Treatment

Objective The standard transcatheter ventricular septal defects (VSD) closure procedure is established with arteriovenous (AV) loop and is called as antegrade approach. The directly retrograde transarterial VSD closure without using AV loop might be better option as shortens the procedure time and decreases radiation exposure. Methods Our series consist of twelve sequential adult cases with congenital VSDs (seven with perimembranous, four with muscular, one with postoperative residuel VSD). The mean age was 26.9 (Range 18-58), the mean height was 168.75 cm (Range 155-185cm), and the mean body mass index was 23.4 (Range 17.3-28.4). Maximum and minimum defect sizes were 10 and 5 mm and the mean defect size was 6.24 mm. The procedure was performed with left heart catheterization and advancing the delivery sheath over the stiff exchange wire then VSD occlusion from left side. Results The defects were successfully closed with this technique in eleven patients. In sixth patient, the defect could not be cannulated by the delivery sheath, as the tip of the sheath did not reach the defect and VSD was closed with same sheath by standard transvenous approach using AV loop. We didn't encounter any complication releated to semilunar or atrioventricular valves. Atrioventricular conduction system was not affected by the procedure in any patients. The median procedure and fluoroscopy times were 66 and 16.5 minutes respectively. Conclusion Transarterial retrograde VSD closure without using AV loop simplifies the procedure, decreases the radiation exposure, and shortens the procedure time. The only limitation in adult patients is delivery sheath length.

A B S T R A C T S junctional bradycardia and regained consciousness. Short-term of second degree atrioventricular block was observed before normal sinus rhythm. Dual-chamber pacemaker with rate drop response was implanted to the patient. His further clinical course was uneventful. Conclusions: Prolonged asystole during HUT has been proposed to identify a distinct subgroup of patients with neurocardiogenic syncope. Management including permanent pacemaker implantation might be performed for prevention of syncope. Physicians should be aware of potential complications such as prolonged asystole during HUT.