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1. The puzzling occurrence of the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) along the Brazilian coast: a result of several invasion events?

Author

Sergio N. Stampar, Edgar Gamero-Mora, Maximiliano M. Maronna, Juliano M. Fritscher, Bruno S. P. Oliveira, Cláudio L. S. Sampaio, and André C. Morandini

Subjects
Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The massive occurrence of jellyfish in several areas of the world is reported annually, but most of the data come from the northern hemisphere and often refer to a restricted group of species that are not in the genus Cassiopea. This study records a massive, clonal and non-native population of Cassiopea and discusses the possible scenarios that resulted in the invasion of the Brazilian coast by these organisms. The results indicate that this jellyfish might have invaded the Brazilian coast multiple times.

Published
2020
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2. Cubozoa e Scyphozoa (Cnidaria: Medusozoa) de águas costeiras do Brasil Cubozoa and Scyphozoa (Cnidaria: Medusozoa) from Brazilian coastal waters

Author

André C. Morandini, Denise Ascher, Sergio N. Stampar, and João Fernando V. Ferreira

Subjects
Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, Cnidaria, chaves de identificação, Brasil, identification keys, Brazil, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

As espécies de Cubozoa e Scyphozoa costeiras que ocorrem no Brasil são descritas, com base em espécimes de coleções de museus e exemplares recém-coletados. Chaves de identificação e um glossário também são apresentados. As espécies descritas são: Aurelia sp.; Cassiopea xamachana Bigelow, 1892; Chiropsalmus quadrumanus (Müller, 1859); Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829; Drymonema dalmatinum Haeckel, 1880; Linuche unguiculata (Swartz, 1788); Lychnorhiza lucerna Haeckel, 1880; Nausithoe aurea Silveira & Morandini, 1997; Phyllorhiza punctata von Lendenfeld, 1884; Stomolophus meleagris Agassiz, 1862; Tamoya haplonema Müller, 1859 e Tripedalia cystophora Conant, 1897.Coastal species of Cubozoa and Scyphozoa occurring in Brazil are described, based on museum specimens and recently collected ones. Identification keys and a glossary are also presented. The listed species are: Aurelia sp.; Cassiopea xamachana Bigelow, 1892; Chiropsalmus quadrumanus (Müller, 1859); Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829; Drymonema dalmatinum Haeckel, 1880; Linuche unguiculata (Swartz, 1788); Lychnorhiza lucerna Haeckel, 1880; Nausithoe aurea Silveira & Morandini, 1997; Phyllorhiza punctata von Lendenfeld, 1884; Stomolophus meleagris Agassiz, 1862; Tamoya haplonema Müller, 1859; and Tripedalia cystophora Conant, 1897.

Published
2005
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3. A cnidarian phylogenomic tree fitted with hundreds of 18S leaves

Author

Melissa B. DeBiasse, Ariane Buckenmeyer, Jason Macrander, Leslie S. Babonis, Bastian Bentlage, Paulyn Cartwright, Carlos Prada, Adam M. Reitzel, Sergio N. Stampar, Allen G. Collins, Marymegan Daly, and Joseph F. Ryan

Abstract

Cnidarians are critical members of aquatic communities and have been an experimental system for a diversity of research areas ranging from development to biomechanics to global change biology. Yet we still lack a well-resolved, taxonomically balanced, cnidarian tree of life to place this research in appropriate phylogenetic context. To move towards this goal, we combined data from 26 new anthozoan transcriptomes with 86 previously published cnidarian and outgroup datasets to generate two 748-locus alignments containing 123,051 (trimmed) and 449,935 (untrimmed) amino acids. We estimated maximum likelihood phylogenies for both matrices under partitioned and unpartitioned site-homogeneous and site-heterogenous models of substitution. We used the resulting topology to constrain a phylogenetic analysis of 1,814 small subunit ribosomal (18S) gene sequences from GenBank. Our results confirm the position of Ceriantharia (tube-dwelling anemones), a historically recalcitrant group, as sister to the rest of Hexacorallia across all phylogenies regardless of data matrix or model choice. We also find unanimous support for the sister relationship of Endocnidozoa and Medusozoa and propose the name Operculozoa for the clade uniting these taxa. Our 18S hybrid phylogeny provides insight into relationships of 15% of extant taxa. Together these data are an invaluable resource for comparative cnidarian research and provide perspective to guide future refinement of cnidarian systematics.

Published
2022
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4. Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: Setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

Author

Walter A. Boeger, Michel P. Valim, Hussam Zaher, José A. Rafael, Rafaela C. Forzza, Alexandre R. Percequillo, Cristiana S. Serejo, André R.S. Garraffoni, Adalberto J. Santos, Adam Slipinski, Adelita M. Linzmeier, Adolfo R. Calor, Adrian A. Garda, Adriano B. Kury, Agatha C.S. Fernandes, Aisur I. Agudo-Padrón, Alberto Akama, Alberto M. da Silva Neto, Alejandro L. Burbano, Aleksandra Menezes, Alessandre Pereira-Colavite, Alexander Anichtchenko, Alexander C. Lees, Alexandra M.R. Bezerra, Alexandre C. Domahovski, Alexandre D. Pimenta, Alexandre L.P. Aleixo, Alexandre P. Marceniuk, Alexandre S. de Paula, Alexandre Somavilla, Alexandre Specht, Alexssandro Camargo, Alfred F. Newton, Aline A.S. da Silva, Aline B. dos Santos, Aline D. Tassi, Allan C. Aragão, Allan P.M. Santos, Alvaro E. Migotto, Amanda C. Mendes, Amanda Cunha, Amazonas Chagas Júnior, Ana A.T. de Sousa, Ana C. Pavan, Ana C.S. Almeida, Ana L.B.G. Peronti, Ana L. Henriques-Oliveira, Ana L. Prudente, Ana L. Tourinho, Ana M.O. Pes, Ana P. Carmignotto, Ana P.G. da Silva Wengrat, Ana P.S. Dornellas, Anamaria Dal Molin, Anderson Puker, André C. Morandini, André da S. Ferreira, André L. Martins, André M. Esteves, André S. Fernandes, André S. Roza, Andreas Köhler, Andressa Paladini, Andrey J. de Andrade, Ângelo P. Pinto, Anna C. de A. Salles, Anne I. Gondim, Antonia C.Z. Amaral, Antonio A.A. Rondón, Antonio Brescovit, Antônio C. Lofego, Antonio C. Marques, Antonio Macedo, Artur Andriolo, Augusto L. Henriques, Augusto L. Ferreira Júnior, Aurino F. de Lima, Ávyla R. de A. Barros, Ayrton do R. Brito, Bárbara L.V. Romera, Beatriz M.C. de Vasconcelos, Benjamin W. Frable, Bernardo F. Santos, Bernardo R. Ferraz, Brunno B. Rosa, Brunno H.L. Sampaio, Bruno C. Bellini, Bruno Clarkson, Bruno G. de Oliveira, Caio C.D. Corrêa, Caleb C. Martins, Camila F. de Castro-Guedes, Camilla Souto, Carla de L. Bicho, Carlo M. Cunha, Carlos A. de M. Barboza, Carlos A.S. de Lucena, Carlos Barreto, Carlos D.C.M. de Santana, Carlos E.Q. Agne, Carlos G.C. Mielke, Carlos H.S. Caetano, Carlos H.W. Flechtmann, Carlos J.E. Lamas, Carlos Rocha, Carolina S. Mascarenhas, Cecilia B. Margaría, Cecilia Waichert, Celina Digiani, Célio F.B. Haddad, Celso O. Azevedo, Cesar J. Benetti, Charles M.D. dos Santos, Charles R. Bartlett, Cibele Bonvicino, Cibele S. Ribeiro-Costa, Cinthya S.G. Santos, Cíntia E.L. Justino, Clarissa Canedo, Claudia C. Bonecker, Cláudia P. Santos, Claudio J.B. de Carvalho, Clayton C. Gonçalves, Cleber Galvão, Cleide Costa, Cléo D.C. de Oliveira, Cristiano F. Schwertner, Cristiano L. Andrade, Cristiano M. Pereira, Cristiano Sampaio, Cristina de O. Dias, Daercio A. de A. Lucena, Daiara Manfio, Dalton de S. Amorim, Dalva L. de Queiroz, Daniara Colpani, Daniel Abbate, Daniel A. Aquino, Daniel Burckhardt, Daniel C. Cavallari, Daniel de C. Schelesky Prado, Daniel L. Praciano, Daniel S. Basílio, Daniela de C. Bená, Daniela G.P. de Toledo, Daniela M. Takiya, Daniell R.R. Fernandes, Danilo C. Ament, Danilo P. Cordeiro, Darliane E. Silva, Darren A. Pollock, David B. Muniz, David I. Gibson, David S. Nogueira, Dayse W.A. Marques, Débora Lucatelli, Deivys M.A. Garcia, Délio Baêta, Denise N.M. Ferreira, Diana Rueda-Ramírez, Diego A. Fachin, Diego de S. Souza, Diego F. Rodrigues, Diego G. de Pádua, Diego N. Barbosa, Diego R. Dolibaina, Diogo C. Amaral, Donald S. Chandler, Douglas H.B. Maccagnan, Edilson Caron, Edrielly Carvalho, Edson A. Adriano, Edson F. de Abreu Júnior, Edson H.L. Pereira, Eduarda F.G. Viegas, Eduardo Carneiro, Eduardo Colley, Eduardo Eizirik, Eduardo F. dos Santos, Eduardo M. Shimbori, Eduardo Suárez-Morales, Eliane P. de Arruda, Elisandra A. Chiquito, Élison F.B. Lima, Elizeu B. de Castro, Elton Orlandin, Elynton A. do Nascimento, Emanuel Razzolini, Emanuel R.R. Gama, Enilma M. de Araujo, Eric Y. Nishiyama, Erich L. Spiessberger, Érika C.L. dos Santos, Eugenia F. Contreras, Eunice A.B. Galati, Evaldo C. de Oliveira Junior, Fabiana Gallardo, Fabio A. Hernandes, Fábio A. Lansac-Tôha, Fabio B. Pitombo, Fabio Di Dario, Fábio L. dos Santos, Fabio Mauro, Fabio O. do Nascimento, Fabio Olmos, Fabio R. Amaral, Fabio Schunck, Fábio S. P. de Godoi, Fabrizio M. Machado, Fausto E. Barbo, Federico A. Agrain, Felipe B. Ribeiro, Felipe F.F. Moreira, Felipe F. Barbosa, Fenanda S. Silva, Fernanda F. Cavalcanti, Fernando C. Straube, Fernando Carbayo, Fernando Carvalho Filho, Fernando C.V. Zanella, Fernando de C. Jacinavicius, Fernando H.A. Farache, Fernando Leivas, Fernando M.S. Dias, Fernando Mantellato, Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello, Filipe M. Gudin, Flávio Albuquerque, Flavio B. Molina, Flávio D. Passos, Floyd W. Shockley, Francielly F. Pinheiro, Francisco de A.G. de Mello, Francisco E. de L. Nascimento, Francisco L. Franco, Francisco L. de Oliveira, Francisco T. de V. Melo, Freddy R.B. Quijano, Frederico F. Salles, Gabriel Biffi, Gabriel C. Queiroz, Gabriel L. Bizarro, Gabriela Hrycyna, Gabriela Leviski, Gareth S. Powell, Geane B. dos Santos, Geoffrey E. Morse, George Brown, George M.T. Mattox, Geraldo Zimbrão, Gervásio S. Carvalho, Gil F.G. Miranda, Gilberto J. de Moraes, Gilcélia M. Lourido, Gilmar P. Neves, Gilson R.P. Moreira, Giovanna G. Montingelli, Giovanni N. Maurício, Gláucia Marconato, Guilherme E.L. Lopez, Guilherme L. da Silva, Guilherme Muricy, Guilherme R.R. Brito, Guilherme S.T. Garbino, Gustavo E. Flores, Gustavo Graciolli, Gustavo S. Libardi, Heather C. Proctor, Helcio R. Gil-Santana, Henrique R. Varella, Hermes E. Escalona, Hermes J. Schmitz, Higor D.D. Rodrigues, Hilton de C. Galvão Filho, Hingrid Y.S. Quintino, Hudson A. Pinto, Hugo L. Rainho, Igor C. Miyahira, Igor de S. Gonçalves, Inês X. Martins, Irene A. Cardoso, Ismael B. de Oliveira, Ismael Franz, Itanna O. Fernandes, Ivan F. Golfetti, Ivanklin S. Campos-Filho, Ivo de S. Oliveira, Jacques H.C. Delabie, Jader de Oliveira, Jadila S. Prando, James L. Patton, Jamille de A. Bitencourt, Janaina M. Silva, Jandir C. Santos, Janine O. Arruda, Jefferson S. Valderrama, Jeronymo Dalapicolla, Jéssica P. Oliveira, Jiri Hájek, João P. Morselli, João P. Narita, João P.I. Martin, Jocélia Grazia, Joe McHugh, Jorge J. Cherem, José A.S. Farias Júnior, Jose A.M. Fernandes, José F. Pacheco, José L.O. Birindelli, José M. Rezende, Jose M. Avendaño, José M. Barbanti Duarte, José R. Inácio Ribeiro, José R.M. Mermudes, José R. Pujol-Luz, Josenilson R. dos Santos, Josenir T. Câmara, Joyce A. Teixeira, Joyce R. do Prado, Juan P. Botero, Julia C. Almeida, Julia Kohler, Julia P. Gonçalves, Julia S. Beneti, Julian P. Donahue, Juliana Alvim, Juliana C. Almeida, Juliana L. Segadilha, Juliana M. Wingert, Julianna F. Barbosa, Juliano Ferrer, Juliano F. dos Santos, Kamila M.D. Kuabara, Karine B. Nascimento, Karine Schoeninger, Karla M. Campião, Karla Soares, Kássia Zilch, Kim R. Barão, Larissa Teixeira, Laura D. do N.M. de Sousa, Leandro L. Dumas, Leandro M. Vieira, Leonardo H.G. Azevedo, Leonardo S. Carvalho, Leonardo S. de Souza, Leonardo S.G. Rocha, Leopoldo F.O. Bernardi, Letícia M. Vieira, Liana Johann, Lidianne Salvatierra, Livia de M. Oliveira, Lourdes M.A. El-moor Loureiro, Luana B. Barreto, Luana M. Barros, Lucas Lecci, Lucas M. de Camargos, Lucas R.C. Lima, Lucia M. Almeida, Luciana R. Martins, Luciane Marinoni, Luciano de A. Moura, Luciano Lima, Luciano N. Naka, Lucília S. Miranda, Lucy M. Salik, Luis E.A. Bezerra, Luis F. Silveira, Luiz A. Campos, Luiz A.S. de Castro, Luiz C. Pinho, Luiz F.L. Silveira, Luiz F.M. Iniesta, Luiz F.C. Tencatt, Luiz R.L. Simone, Luiz R. Malabarba, Luiza S. da Cruz, Lukas Sekerka, Lurdiana D. Barros, Luziany Q. Santos, Maciej Skoracki, Maira A. Correia, Manoel A. Uchoa, Manuella F.G. Andrade, Marcel G. Hermes, Marcel S. Miranda, Marcel S. de Araújo, Marcela L. Monné, Marcelo B. Labruna, Marcelo D. de Santis, Marcelo Duarte, Marcelo Knoff, Marcelo Nogueira, Marcelo R. de Britto, Marcelo R.S. de Melo, Marcelo R. de Carvalho, Marcelo T. Tavares, Marcelo V. Kitahara, Marcia C.N. Justo, Marcia J.C. Botelho, Márcia S. Couri, Márcio Borges-Martins, Márcio Felix, Marcio L. de Oliveira, Marco A. Bologna, Marco S. Gottschalk, Marcos D.S. Tavares, Marcos G. Lhano, Marcus Bevilaqua, Marcus T.T. Santos, Marcus V. Domingues, Maria A.M. Sallum, María C. Digiani, Maria C.A. Santarém, Maria C. do Nascimento, María de los A.M. Becerril, Maria E.A. dos Santos, Maria I. da S. dos Passos, Maria L. Felippe-Bauer, Mariana A. Cherman, Mariana Terossi, Marie L.C. Bartz, Marina F. de C. Barbosa, Marina V. Loeb, Mario Cohn-Haft, Mario Cupello, Marlúcia B. Martins, Martin L. Christofersen, Matheus Bento, Matheus dos S. Rocha, Maurício L. Martins, Melissa O. Segura, Melissa Q. Cardenas, Mércia E. Duarte, Michael A. Ivie, Michael M. Mincarone, Michela Borges, Miguel A. Monné, Mirna M. Casagrande, Monica A. Fernandez, Mônica Piovesan, Naércio A. Menezes, Natalia P. Benaim, Natália S. Reategui, Natan C. Pedro, Nathalia H. Pecly, Nelson Ferreira Júnior, Nelson J. da Silva Júnior, Nelson W. Perioto, Neusa Hamada, Nicolas Degallier, Ning L. Chao, Noeli J. Ferla, Olaf H.H. Mielke, Olivia Evangelista, Oscar A. Shibatta, Otto M.P. Oliveira, Pablo C.L. Albornoz, Pablo M. Dellapé, Pablo R. Gonçalves, Paloma H.F. Shimabukuro, Paschoal Grossi, Patrícia E. da S. Rodrigues, Patricia O.V. Lima, Paul Velazco, Paula B. dos Santos, Paula B. Araújo, Paula K.R. Silva, Paula R. Riccardi, Paulo C. de A. Garcia, Paulo G.H. Passos, Paulo H.C. Corgosinho, Paulo Lucinda, Paulo M.S. Costa, Paulo P. Alves, Paulo R. de O. Roth, Paulo R.S. Coelho, Paulo R.M. Duarte, Pedro F. de Carvalho, Pedro Gnaspini, Pedro G.B. Souza-Dias, Pedro M. Linardi, Pedro R. Bartholomay, Peterson R. Demite, Petr Bulirsch, Piter K. Boll, Rachel M.M. Pereira, Rafael A.P.F. Silva, Rafael B. de Moura, Rafael Boldrini, Rafaela A. da Silva, Rafaela L. Falaschi, Ralf T.S. Cordeiro, Ramon J.C.L. Mello, Randal A. Singer, Ranyse B. Querino, Raphael A. Heleodoro, Raphael de C. Castilho, Reginaldo Constantino, Reinaldo C. Guedes, Renan Carrenho, Renata S. Gomes, Renato Gregorin, Renato J.P. Machado, Renato S. Bérnils, Renato S. Capellari, Ricardo B. Silva, Ricardo Kawada, Ricardo M. Dias, Ricardo Siewert, Ricaro Brugnera, Richard A.B. Leschen, Robert Constantin, Robert Robbins, Roberta R. Pinto, Roberto E. dos Reis, Robson T. da C. Ramos, Rodney R. Cavichioli, Rodolfo C. de Barros, Rodrigo A. Caires, Rodrigo B. Salvador, Rodrigo C. Marques, Rodrigo C. Araújo, Rodrigo de O. Araujo, Rodrigo de V.P. Dios, Rodrigo Johnsson, Rodrigo M. Feitosa, Roger W. Hutchings, Rogéria I.R. Lara, Rogério V. Rossi, Roland Gerstmeier, Ronald Ochoa, Rosa S.G. Hutchings, Rosaly Ale-Rocha, Rosana M. da Rocha, Rosana Tidon, Rosangela Brito, Roseli Pellens, Sabrina R. dos Santos, Sandra D. dos Santos, Sandra V. Paiva, Sandro Santos, Sarah S. de Oliveira, Sávio C. Costa, Scott L. Gardner, Sebastián A. Muñoz Leal, Sergio Aloquio, Sergio L.C. Bonecker, Sergio L. de S. Bueno, Sérgio M. de Almeida, Sérgio N. Stampar, Sérgio R. Andena, Sergio R. Posso, Sheila P. Lima, Sian de S. Gadelha, Silvana C. Thiengo, Simone C. Cohen, Simone N. Brandão, Simone P. Rosa, Síria L.B. Ribeiro, Sócrates D. Letana, Sonia B. dos Santos, Sonia C.S. Andrade, Stephane Dávila, Stéphanie Vaz, Stewart B. Peck, Susete W. Christo, Suzan B.Z. Cunha, Suzete R. Gomes, Tácio Duarte, Taís Madeira-Ott, Taísa Marques, Talita Roell, Tarcilla C. de Lima, Tatiana A. Sepulveda, Tatiana F. Maria, Tatiana P. Ruschel, Thaiana Rodrigues, Thais A. Marinho, Thaís M. de Almeida, Thaís P. Miranda, Thales R.O. Freitas, Thalles P.L. Pereira, Thamara Zacca, Thaynara L. Pacheco, Thiago F. Martins, Thiago M. Alvarenga, Thiago R. de Carvalho, Thiago T.S. Polizei, Thomas C. McElrath, Thomas Henry, Tiago G. Pikart, Tiago J. Porto, Tiago K. Krolow, Tiago P. Carvalho, Tito M. da C. Lotufo, Ulisses Caramaschi, Ulisses dos S. Pinheiro, Ulyses F.J. Pardiñas, Valéria C. Maia, Valeria Tavares, Valmir A. Costa, Vanessa S. do Amaral, Vera C. Silva, Vera R. dos S. Wolff, Verônica Slobodian, Vinícius B. da Silva, Vinicius C. Espíndola, Vinicius da Costa-Silva, Vinicius de A. Bertaco, Vinícius Padula, Vinicius S. Ferreira, Vitor C.P. da Silva, Vítor de Q. Piacentini, Vivian E. Sandoval-Gómez, Vivian Trevine, Viviane R. Sousa, Vivianne B. de Sant’Anna, Wayne N. Mathis, Wesley de O. Souza, Wesley D. Colombo, Wioletta Tomaszewska, Wolmar B. Wosiacki, Ximena M.C. Ovando, and Yuri L.R. Leite

Subjects
Biodiversity, knowledge management, taxonomy, web services, zoology, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others.

Published
2024
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5. A new Fenestrulina (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata) commensal with tube-dwelling anemones (Cnidaria, Ceriantharia) in the tropical southwestern Atlantic

Author

Leandro M, Vieira and Sergio N, Stampar

Subjects
Cnidaria, Animal Structures, Animals, Symbiosis, Animal Distribution, Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, Bryozoa
Abstract

A new species of cheilostome bryozoan, Fenestrulina commensalis n. sp., was collected in December 2008 by scuba at 5-10 meters depth at Guaibura Beach, Guarapari, Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil. The specimen was found associated with tubes of the cerianthid Pachycerianthus sp., representing the first commensal association between a bryozoan and a tube-dwelling anemone. Fenestrulina commensalis n. sp. is the third species of the genus found in Brazilian waters; it is distinguished from other Atlantic species of Fenestrulina by its small angular orificial condyles, a single oral spine and basal anchoring rhizoids arising from abfrontal pore chambers. Morphological adaptations to encrust the tubes of cerianthids include anchoring rootlets and weakly contiguous zooids. These morphological features allow the colony the flexibility to grow around the tube and feed relatively undisturbed by silt and detritus, being raised well above the soft-sediment substratum in which the tube-anemone grows.

Published
2014

6. Morphology is not always useful for diagnosis, and that’s ok: Species hypotheses should not be bound to a class of data. Reply to Brown and Gibbons (S Afr J Sci. 2022;118(9/10), Art. #12590)

Author

Jonathan W. Lawley, Edgar Gamero-Mora, Maximiliano M. Maronna, Luciano M. Chiaverano, Sérgio N. Stampar, Russell R. Hopcroft, Allen G. Collins, and André C. Morandini

Subjects
taxonomy, systematics, jellyfish, cryptic species, species delimitation, Science, Science (General), Q1-390, Social Sciences, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Published
2022
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7. Ceriantharia (Cnidaria) from Australia, New Zealand and Antarctica with descriptions of four new species

Author

Sérgio N. Stampar, V. Sadie Mills, and Stephen J. Keable

Subjects
taxonomy, south pacific, marine invertebrates, deep sea, Museums. Collectors and collecting, AM1-501, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract

The fauna of Ceriantharia (tube-anemones) in the South Pacific is poorly studied with only four shallow-water species formally described and these animals are known from few regions in very specific reports. Cerianthids are organisms that live in a tube constructed with a special type of cnidae and are currently grouped in an exclusive subclass of Anthozoa. This study addresses specimens from three natural history collections, the Australian Museum and the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory (both Australia), and the National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research (NIWA) Invertebrate Collection (New Zealand), focusing on specimens from the Coral Sea, Tasman Sea and Antarctic Ocean. As a result, four new species are described and one synonymized. This highlights the ongoing need for taxonomic studies in the region, especially for marine organisms. Also, in this study, we offer tables with morphological characters that can be useful for species identification in each genus.

Published
2020
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8. Ceriantharia (Cnidaria) of the World: an annotated catalogue and key to species

Author

Sérgio N. Stampar, James D. Reimer, Maximiliano M. Maronna, Celine S. S. Lopes, Hellen Ceriello, Thais B. Santos, Fabián H. Acuña, and André C. Morandini

Subjects
Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The diversity of Ceriantharia is known from studies formally describing species from the late 18th Century onwards. However, no nomenclators including a list and discussion of all valid species have been produced since a list discussed by Carlgren in 1912. The present nomenclator presents a complete list of adult species of Ceriantharia of the World, including a discussion on each species. It includes the three families (Arachnactidae, Botrucnidiferidae, Cerianthidae) and the currently accepted 54 species based on their adult form. This study serves as a presentation of the “state-of-the-art” list of species of Ceriantharia, and includes a species identification key to support taxonomic identification. Additional in-depth species-by-species investigations for almost all cerianthid species is still needed, as the information available for most of these species is quite superficial.

Published
2020
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9. The importance of molecular characters when morphological variability hinders diagnosability: systematics of the moon jellyfish genus Aurelia (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)

Author

Jonathan W. Lawley, Edgar Gamero-Mora, Maximiliano M. Maronna, Luciano M. Chiaverano, Sérgio N. Stampar, Russell R. Hopcroft, Allen G. Collins, and André C. Morandini

Subjects
Cryptic species, Diagnosis, DNA barcoding, Medusa, Phylogeny, Species delimitation, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Cryptic species have been detected across Metazoa, and while no apparent morphological features distinguish them, it should not impede taxonomists from formal descriptions. We accepted this challenge for the jellyfish genus Aurelia, which has a long and confusing taxonomic history. We demonstrate that morphological variability in Aurelia medusae overlaps across very distant geographic localities. Even though some morphological features seem responsible for most of the variation, regional geographic patterns of dissimilarities are lacking. This is further emphasized by morphological differences found when comparing lab-cultured Aurelia coerulea medusae with the diagnostic features in its recent redescription. Previous studies have also highlighted the difficulties in distinguishing Aurelia polyps and ephyrae, and their morphological plasticity. Therefore, mostly based on genetic data, we recognize 28 species of Aurelia, of which seven were already described, 10 are formally described herein, four are resurrected and seven remain undescribed. We present diagnostic genetic characters for all species and designate type materials for newly described and some resurrected species. Recognizing moon jellyfish diversity with formal names is vital for conservation efforts and other studies. This work clarifies the practical implications of molecular genetic data as diagnostic characters, and sheds light on the patterns and processes that generate crypsis.

Published
2021
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10. Revision of the genus Ceriantheomorphe (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Ceriantharia) with description of a new species from the Gulf of Mexico and northwestern Atlantic

Author

Celine S. S. Lopes, Hellen Ceriello, André C. Morandini, and Sérgio N. Stampar

Subjects
Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

The present study presents a revision of the genus Ceriantheomorphe Carlgren, 1931, including redescriptions of the two presently recognized species, Ceriantheomorphe ambonensis (Kwietniewski, 1898) and Ceriantheomorphe brasiliensis (Mello-Leitão, 1919), comb. nov., and a description of the new species Ceriantheomorphe adelita sp. nov.

Published
2019
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11. Is it possible to use behavior characters for evolutionary reconstruction in marine invertebrates? A methodological approach using Ethokit Logger

Author

ISABELA A. DE GODOY, CARLOS C. ALBERTS, CAIO H. NESPOLO, JULIANA DE OLIVEIRA, and SÉRGIO N. STAMPAR

Subjects
Behavioral data, phylogeny, feeding, marine biology, Science
Abstract

Abstract The use of behavioral data is quite common in studies of chordate animals and some groups of arthropods; however, these data are usually used in ecological and conservation studies. Their use remains uncommon in phylogenetic reconstructions, especially for non-model groups in behavioral studies. This study aims to evaluate the methodological use of behavioral (feeding process) data with EthoKit Logger in the phylogenetic reconstruction of the Cnidaria, a group in the so-called ‘lower’ Metazoa. The results indicate considerable cohesion with reconstructions based on molecular data available in previous studies. We therefore suggest that the use of behavioral characters can possible be a useful secondary tool or a proof test for molecular evolutionary reconstructions.

Published
2021
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12. A new species of Arachnanthus from the Red Sea (Cnidaria, Ceriantharia)

Author

Sérgio N. Stampar, Suraia O. El Didi, Gustav Paulay, and Michael L. Berumen

Subjects
Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

A new species of the genus Arachnanthus (Cnidaria: Ceriantharia), Arachnanthus lilith Stampar & El Didi, sp. n., is described. This species is widely distributed in the Red Sea, and recorded from 2–30 m depths. Arachnanthus lilith Stampar & El Didi, sp. n. is the fifth species of the genus and the first recorded from the Red Sea. The number of labial tentacle pseudocycles, arrangement of mesenteries, and distribution of acontioids allow the differentiation of the new species from other species of the genus.

Published
2018
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13. Diversity of Feeding in Anthozoa (Cnidaria): A Systematic Review

Author

Thaís Barbosa Santos, James D. Reimer, Fabián H. Acuña, and Sérgio N. Stampar

Subjects
feeding behavior, feeding habits, physiology, Hexacorallia, Octocorallia, Ceriantharia, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

In this study, we performed a bibliographical review examining the scientific literature on “feeding in Anthozoa” for the period from 1890 to 2019, using the scientific database Google Scholar, supplemented with additional literature. This study categorized published scientific papers on this topic by decade of publication, target taxa, variability of species studied in each order and main themes studied. As a result, 153 studies were found, and based on their content, it was observed that within Anthozoa, there has been a concentration of feeding studies on species in the orders Actiniaria (Hexacorallia), Scleractinia (Hexacorallia), and Alcyonacea (Octocorallia). This indicates that the other remaining orders of the group have been comparatively neglected with regards to their feeding aspects. Therefore, as data on feeding in some groups of Anthozoa are scarce, studies need to be carried out to fill the gaps that permeate this important benthic group, in order to better understand their ecology.

Published
2020
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14. Transcriptomic Analysis of Four Cerianthid (Cnidaria, Ceriantharia) Venoms

Author

Anna M. L. Klompen, Jason Macrander, Adam M. Reitzel, and Sérgio N. Stampar

Subjects
Anthozoa, tube anemone, transcriptome, toxins, venom-like, Pachycerianthus cf. maua, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Tube anemones, or cerianthids, are a phylogenetically informative group of cnidarians with complex life histories, including a pelagic larval stage and tube-dwelling adult stage, both known to utilize venom in stinging-cell rich tentacles. Cnidarians are an entirely venomous group that utilize their proteinaceous-dominated toxins to capture prey and defend against predators, in addition to several other ecological functions, including intraspecific interactions. At present there are no studies describing the venom for any species within cerianthids. Given their unique development, ecology, and distinct phylogenetic-placement within Cnidaria, our objective is to evaluate the venom-like gene diversity of four species of cerianthids from newly collected transcriptomic data. We identified 525 venom-like genes between all four species. The venom-gene profile for each species was dominated by enzymatic protein and peptide families, which is consistent with previous findings in other cnidarian venoms. However, we found few toxins that are typical of sea anemones and corals, and furthermore, three of the four species express toxin-like genes closely related to potent pore-forming toxins in box jellyfish. Our study is the first to provide a survey of the putative venom composition of cerianthids and contributes to our general understanding of the diversity of cnidarian toxins.

Published
2020
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15. Upside-Down but Headed in the Right Direction: Review of the Highly Versatile Cassiopea xamachana System

Author

Aki H. Ohdera, Michael J. Abrams, Cheryl L. Ames, David M. Baker, Luis P. Suescún-Bolívar, Allen G. Collins, Christopher J. Freeman, Edgar Gamero-Mora, Tamar L. Goulet, Dietrich K. Hofmann, Adrian Jaimes-Becerra, Paul F. Long, Antonio C. Marques, Laura A. Miller, Laura D. Mydlarz, Andre C. Morandini, Casandra R. Newkirk, Sastia P. Putri, Julia E. Samson, Sérgio N. Stampar, Bailey Steinworth, Michelle Templeman, Patricia E. Thomé, Marli Vlok, Cheryl M. Woodley, Jane C.Y. Wong, Mark Q. Martindale, William K. Fitt, and Mónica Medina

Subjects
jellyfish, symbiosis, toxinology, sleep, venom, scyphozoan systematics, Evolution, QH359-425, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

The upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae) has been predominantly studied to understand its interaction with the endosymbiotic dinoflagellate algae Symbiodinium. As an easily culturable and tractable cnidarian model, it is an attractive alternative to stony corals to understanding the mechanisms driving establishment and maintenance of symbiosis. Cassiopea is also unique in requiring the symbiont in order to complete its transition to the adult stage, thereby providing an excellent model to understand symbiosis-driven development and evolution. Recently, the Cassiopea research system has gained interest beyond symbiosis in fields related to embryology, climate ecology, behavior, and more. With these developments, resources including genomes, transcriptomes, and laboratory protocols are steadily increasing. This review provides an overview of the broad range of interdisciplinary research that has utilized the Cassiopea model and highlights the advantages of using the model for future research.

Published
2018
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17. Evolutionary diversification of banded tube-dwelling anemones (Cnidaria; Ceriantharia; Isarachnanthus) in the Atlantic Ocean.

Author

Sergio N Stampar, Maximiliano M Maronna, Mark J A Vermeij, Fabio L d Silveira, and André C Morandini

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The use of molecular data for species delimitation in Anthozoa is still a very delicate issue. This is probably due to the low genetic variation found among the molecular markers (primarily mitochondrial) commonly used for Anthozoa. Ceriantharia is an anthozoan group that has not been tested for genetic divergence at the species level. Recently, all three Atlantic species described for the genus Isarachnanthus of Atlantic Ocean, were deemed synonyms based on morphological simmilarities of only one species: Isarachnanthus maderensis. Here, we aimed to verify whether genetic relationships (using COI, 16S, ITS1 and ITS2 molecular markers) confirmed morphological affinities among members of Isarachnanthus from different regions across the Atlantic Ocean. Results from four DNA markers were completely congruent and revealed that two different species exist in the Atlantic Ocean. The low identification success and substantial overlap between intra and interspecific COI distances render the Anthozoa unsuitable for DNA barcoding, which is not true for Ceriantharia. In addition, genetic divergence within and between Ceriantharia species is more similar to that found in Medusozoa (Hydrozoa and Scyphozoa) than Anthozoa and Porifera that have divergence rates similar to typical metazoans. The two genetic species could also be separated based on micromorphological characteristics of their cnidomes. Using a specimen of Isarachnanthus bandanensis from Pacific Ocean as an outgroup, it was possible to estimate the minimum date of divergence between the clades. The cladogenesis event that formed the species of the Atlantic Ocean is estimated to have occured around 8.5 million years ago (Miocene) and several possible speciation scenarios are discussed.

Published
2012
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