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Introduction: Using Google Trends (GT) data, the trend variations for the most common antibiotics used to treat uncomplicated cystitis were analyzed by time and region since 2004. Methods: GT was used to create a “line-graph” that shows how interest in a topic in certain locations has grown or decreased over time. The relative search volume, which is displayed on a scale of 0–100, was used to index the search values for specific phrases. Nitrofurantoin (NFN), fosfomycin (FOS), trimethoprim (TMP), pivmecillinam (PIV), and cefadroxil are among the antibiotics recommended by the European Association of Urology (EAU) and the American Urological Association for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis. Using the “global” inquiry category, the data was searched “worldwide” from 1 February 2004 to 31 December 2021. Results: In the regression analysis, all antibiotics exhibited positive trends (p < 0.05). With a steady rise in popularity, NFN is the most popular antibiotic today. Search trend for cefadroxil stayed nearly stable until 2012, the rate of rise in the last 10 years increased, and cefadroxil is the second most popular antibiotic. In the previous 5 years, there was a decline in interest in TMP. In recent years, there was an increase in the trends for FOS and PIV. Conclusion: Clinicians and patients all around the world increasingly use the web to search for antibiotic therapies for uncomplicated cystitis. Antibiotics used to treat uncomplicated cystitis have various trends in different continents throughout the world. The web trends seem to be compatible with daily use.

To evaluate the contribution of the size and number of the sampled lesions to the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPC) in patients who had PI-RADS 4 lesions.In this retrospective study, a total of 159 patients who had PI-RADS 4 lesions and underwent In-bore MRI-Guided prostate biopsy were included. Patients with a lesion classified as Grade Group 2 and above were considered to have CSPC. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate the factors affecting the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and CSPC.A great majority (86.8%) of the patients were biopsy-naïve. About three-fourths (71.7%) had PCa, and half (54.1%) had CSPC. When the patients were divided into three groups according to the index lesion size ( 5 mm, 5-10 mm, and 10 mm), the prevalence of PCa was 64.3, 67.5, and 82.4% and the prevalence of CSPC was 42.9, 51.2, and 64.7%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, age, index lesion size, prostate volume ( 50 ml) and being biopsy-naïve were found significant for PCa, while age and prostate volume ( 50 ml) were significant for CSPC.The number of lesions was found to be insignificant in predicting PCa and CSPC. While the size of PI-RADS 4 lesions was significant in predicting PCa, it had no significance in detecting CSPC.

With the rising incidence of urinary stone disease, web searches for stone treatments are increasing. Google Trends (GT) data for a 10-year period and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic were used to investigate the trend variations for the most popular minimally invasive stone therapies based on time and region. GT can create a line graph that shows how interest in various territories has risen or decreased over time. Search terms were generated for extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS), ureterorenoscopy (URS), and laparoscopic pyelolithotomy/ureterolithotomy. Using the "global" inquiry category, the data were included "worldwide" from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2021. In recent years, Google and YouTube searches for total minimally invasive stone treatments have increased. RIRS, URS, and PCNL trends revealed a substantial rise in the regression analysis (

Amaç: Üriner inkontinans (Üİ), hastaların günlük yaşamını etkileyen ciddi ve çözülmesi gereken bir sorundur. Kadın hastaların Üİ hakkındakini bilgi düzeyini, ne sıklıkla bu sebeple poliklinik başvurusu yaptıklarını, hangi polikliniğe başvurduklarını, hangi tedaviyi aldıklarını, tedaviden yarar görüp görmediklerini, Üİ’nin sosyal hayatlarına olan etkilerini bu çalışma ile göstermeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Üroloji Polikliniği’ne herhangi bir şikayetle başvuran 18 yaş üstü kadın hastalara anket formları verildi. Anket formunda hastaların idrar kaçırma ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi, şikayet durumu, şikayeti varsa günlük hayatına olan etkisi, poliklinik başvuruları ve nasıl bir tedavi aldıkları sorgulandı. 1 Ocak 2021-31 Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında anketleri doldurmaya rıza gösteren hastalar arasından tam olarak yanıtlanmış 260 anket formu değerlendirmeye alındı. Bulgular: Üİ’nin en sık eşlik ettiği başvuru nedenleri sırasıyla, sıkışma (87,7%), noktüri (82,8%) ve dizüri (53,4%) idi. Üİ’nin hastaların en çok sosyal hayatını (52,4%), daha sonra ibadet etmesini etkilediği görüldü (25,3%). Hastaların %83,5’i idrar kaçırması olduğunda üroloji uzmanına gideceğini, %11,2’si ise kadın hastalıkları uzmanına başvuracağını belirtti. İdrar kaçırma hakkında hastaların %39,2’si sağlık çalışanından, %24,2’si internetten bilgi aldığını söyledi. Hayatının herhangi bir zamanında idrar kaçırması olan hastaların %43,2’sinin bir sağlık kuruluşuna başvurduğu görüldü. Sonuç: İdrar kaçırma şikayeti toplumda oldukça yaygın görülmesine ve hastaların sosyal hayatını olumsuz etkilemesine rağmen, birçok hasta şikayetini dile getirmekten çekinmektedir. Hastalar bu konuda doğru bilgiye ulaşmak ve gerekli tedaviyi almak için mutlaka sağlık kuruluşlarına başvurmaları hususunda bilinçlendirilmelidir. Şikayetini belirten hastaların çoğunun tedavilerden fayda sağladığı görülmektedir. Amaç: Üriner inkontinans (Üİ), hastaların günlük yaşamını etkileyen ciddi ve çözülmesi gereken bir sorundur. Kadın hastaların Üİ hakkındakini bilgi düzeyini, ne sıklıkla bu sebeple poliklinik başvurusu yaptıklarını, hangi polikliniğe başvurduklarını, hangi tedaviyi aldıklarını, tedaviden yarar görüp görmediklerini, Üİ’nin sosyal hayatlarına olan etkilerini bu çalışma ile göstermeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Üroloji Polikliniği’ne herhangi bir şikayetle başvuran 18 yaş üstü kadın hastalara anket formları verildi. Anket formunda hastaların idrar kaçırma ile ilgili bilgi düzeyi, şikayet durumu, şikayeti varsa günlük hayatına olan etkisi, poliklinik başvuruları ve nasıl bir tedavi aldıkları sorgulandı. 1 Ocak 2021-31 Temmuz 2022 tarihleri arasında anketleri doldurmaya rıza gösteren hastalar arasından tam olarak yanıtlanmış 260 anket formu değerlendirmeye alındı. Bulgular: Üİ’nin en sık eşlik ettiği başvuru nedenleri sırasıyla, sıkışma (87,7%), noktüri (82,8%) ve dizüri (53,4%) idi. Üİ’nin hastaların en çok sosyal hayatını (52,4%), daha sonra ibadet etmesini etkilediği görüldü (25,3%). Hastaların %83,5’i idrar kaçırması olduğunda üroloji uzmanına gideceğini, %11,2’si ise kadın hastalıkları uzmanına başvuracağını belirtti. İdrar kaçırma hakkında hastaların %39,2’si sağlık çalışanından, %24,2’si internetten bilgi aldığını söyledi. Hayatının herhangi bir zamanında idrar kaçırması olan hastaların %43,2’sinin bir sağlık kuruluşuna başvurduğu görüldü. Sonuç: İdrar kaçırma şikayeti toplumda oldukça yaygın görülmesine ve hastaların sosyal hayatını olumsuz etkilemesine rağmen, birçok hasta şikayetini dile getirmekten çekinmektedir. Hastalar bu konuda doğru bilgiye ulaşmak ve gerekli tedaviyi almak için mutlaka sağlık kuruluşlarına başvurmaları hususunda bilinçlendirilmelidir. Şikayetini belirten hastaların çoğunun tedavilerden fayda sağladığı görülmektedir.

44 Background: This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of the size and number of the sampled lesions to the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPC) in patients who had PI-RADS 4 lesions detected by multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) of the prostate and underwent in-bore biopsy (IB). Methods: In this retrospective study, data of 295 patients who underwent IB for PI-RADS 4-5 lesions between 2012 and 2021 were analyzed, and a total of 159 patients with only PI-RADS 4 lesions were included. Clinical and radiological data, including age, PSA level, previous biopsy information, and the size and the number of PI-RADS 4 lesions were recorded. Patients with a lesion classified as Grade Group 2 and above were considered to have CSPC. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate the factors affecting the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) and CSPC. Results: A great majority (86.8%) of the patients had undergone a biopsy for the first time. About three-fourths (71.7%) of the patients had PCa, and half (54.1%) had CSPC. In multivariate analysis, the relationship between PCa and age, index lesion size, low PSA levels, and first biopsy patients were found significant, while CSPC exhibited a significant relationship with age and first biopsy patients. When the patients were divided into three groups according to the index lesion size (10 mm), the prevalence of PCa was 64.3%, 67.5%, and 82.4% and the prevalence of CSPC was 42.9%, 51.2%, and 64.7% respectively. Conclusions: While the size of PI-RADS 4 lesions was significant in predicting PCa, it had no significance in detecting CSPC. The number of lesions was insignificant in predicting both conditions. However, the prevalence of PCa was high, especially in patients with PI-RADS 4 lesions larger than 10 mm, which in turn increased the probability of the lesion being Grade Group 2 or above. [Table: see text]

Objectives: We aimed to analyze the trend change of the most popular Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors (PDE5i) over time and geography by using Google Trends (GT) data in 10 years period and COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: GT is able to generate a “line-graph”, showing how interest has increased or decreased over a period within specific territories. The search values for specific terms are indexed as relative search volume (RSV), which is presented on a scale from 0-100. Avarage annual percentage change (AAPC) and RSV were analyzed to evaluate gain or loss of interest in trends. Search terms were generated for Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved PDE5i; tadalafil, sildenafil, vardenafil, avanafil, and their most-used brand names. The data was within “worldwide” from 1 January 2010, to 31 December 2020, using the ‘‘global’’ query category. Results: The overall interest in PDE5i has doubled. Sildenafil has become the most trend PDE5i of today with a regular increase (AAPC: 0.016, p < 0.01). Although the search trend of tadalafil remained almost constant until 2014, the rate of increase in the last 6 years raised and tadalafil has become the 2nd most popular PDE5i recently (AAPC: 0.007, p < 0.01). For vardenafil there has been a decreased interest (AAPC: -0.009, p < 0.01). There is no significant change in avanafil trend (AAPC: 0.000, p: 0.5). All PDE5i interest on GT decreased notably from February to June 2020. But after June, search trends reached the level before the COVID-19 period in a month. Conclusions: These findings show us, with its increasing prevalence, erectile dysfunction (ED) has become a major public health problem. People from different geographies search the internet for ED treatment options. Patients should be informed that ED may be the first sign of many comorbid diseases, and patients with ED should be referred to a health institution for diagnosis and treatment.