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Background: Emerging research has suggested a link between ambient temperature and mental and neurological conditions such as depression and dementia. This systematic review aims to summarize the epidemiological evidence on the effects of ambient temperature on mental and neurological conditions in older adults, who may be more vulnerable to temperature-related health effects compared to younger individuals. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Ovid/Embase, Web of Science, and Ovid/PsycINFO on July 17, 2023, and updated on July 31, 2024. We included epidemiological studies investigating the association between ambient temperature exposures and numerous mental and neurological conditions in populations aged 60 years and older. Exclusions were made for studies on indoor or controlled exposure, suicide, substance abuse, those not published as peer-reviewed journal articles, or those not written in English. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed using a tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Qualitative synthesis was performed on all eligible studies, and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted on groups of at least four studies sharing similar study design, exposure metric, and health outcome. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) framework modified by the WHO. Results: From 16,786 screened articles, 76 studies were deemed eligible, primarily from mainland China and North America. There was notable heterogeneity in study variables and methodologies. The most commonly used exposure metrics were daily absolute temperature and heat waves, and time-series and case-crossover analyses were the most frequently employed study designs. Meta-analysis of four studies on the effect of a 1 °C increase in temperature on hospital admissions/visits for mental disorders showed a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 1.014 (95 % Confidence Interval, CI: 1.001, 1.026). Comparing heat wave days to non-heat wave days, pooled effect estimates showed increased risk in hospital admissions/visits (RR: 1.269; 95 % CI: 1.030, 1.564; six studies) and mortality related to mental disorders (RR: 1.266; 95 % CI: 0.956, 1.678; four studies). Despite the limited number of studies on cold exposures, they consistently reported that lower temperatures were associated with an increased risk of various mental and neurological conditions. Conclusions: This review presents epidemiological evidence of the adverse impacts of ambient temperature exposures, such as high temperatures and heat waves, on mental and neurological conditions among the older adult population, with overall moderate certainty. The findings highlight the need for greater attention to the mental and neurological health of older adults in the context of climate change and population aging.Registration number (PROSPERO ID): CRD42023428137.

Abstract Background Long-term exposure to PM2.5 has been linked to increased mortality risk. However, limited studies have examined the potential modifying effect of community-level characteristics on this association, particularly in Asian contexts. This study aimed to estimate the effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on mortality in South Korea and to examine whether community-level deprivation, medical infrastructure, and greenness modify these associations. Methods We conducted a nationwide cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. A total of 394,701 participants aged 30 years or older in 2006 were followed until 2019. Based on modelled PM2.5 concentrations, 1 to 3-year and 5-year moving averages of PM2.5 concentrations were assigned to each participant at the district level. Time-varying Cox proportional-hazards models were used to estimate the association between PM2.5 and non-accidental, circulatory, and respiratory mortality. We further conducted stratified analysis by community-level deprivation index, medical index, and normalized difference vegetation index to represent greenness. Results PM2.5 exposure, based on 5-year moving averages, was positively associated with non-accidental (Hazard ratio, HR: 1.10, 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 1.01, 1.20, per 10 µg/m3 increase) and circulatory mortality (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.47). The 1-year moving average of PM2.5 was associated with respiratory mortality (HR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.67). We observed higher associations between PM2.5 and mortality in communities with higher deprivation and limited medical infrastructure. Communities with higher greenness showed lower risk for circulatory mortality but higher risk for respiratory mortality in association with PM2.5. Conclusions Our study found mortality effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure and underlined the role of community-level factors in modifying these association. These findings highlight the importance of considering socio-environmental contexts in the design of air quality policies to reduce health disparities and enhance overall public health outcomes.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji menganalisis (1). perencanaan dalam menggunakan strategi peer lessons pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa kelas 5, (2). pelaksanaan dalam menggunakan strategi peer lessons pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa kelas 5, (3). evaluasi dalam menggunakan strategi peer lessons pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa kelas 5. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan jenis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokmentasi. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data yang digunakan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian ini sebagai berikut: (1) Perencanaan dalam menggunakan strategi peer lessons pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa kelas 5 MI Tarbiyatul Banin Kecamatan Gladagsari Kabupaten Boyolali dan MI Salafyah Kendal yaitu penyiapan Rencana Pelakasanan Pembelajaran (RPP), penyiapan media pembelajaran, dan penyiapan strategi peer lessons pada mata pelajaran IPA. (2). Pelaksanaan dalam menggunakan strategi peer lessons pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa kelas 5 MI Kecamatan Tarbiyatul Banin Gladagsari Kabupaten Boyolali dan MI Salafyah Kendal yaitu langkah-langkah pelaksanaan strategi peer lessons, pengkondisian saat melaksanakan strategi peer lessons, dan perbedaan strategi peer lessons dengan strategi lain. (3). Evaluasi pelaksanaan strategi peer lessons pada mata pelajaran IPA siswa kelas 5 MI Tarbiyatul Banin Kecamatan Gladagsari Kabupaten Boyolali dan MI Salafyah Kendal yaitu pada keaktifan, motivasi, dan hasil belajar siswa dalam menggunakan strategi peer lesson

So far, six Fannia species have been discovered in Korea. During a taxonomic survey of this genus, the authors found two newly recorded species for the first time in Korea: F. barbata (Stein, 1892) and F. japonica Nishida, 1974. Diagnoses, illustrations, and keys to the Korean species are provided.

Abstract Although altered networks inside the hippocampus (hippocampal intra-networks) have been observed in dementia, the evaluation of hippocampal intra-networks using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging. We employed conventional structural imaging and incident component analysis (ICA) to investigate the structural covariance of the hippocampal intra-networks. We aimed to assess altered hippocampal intra-networks in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A cross-sectional study of 2122 participants with 3T MRI (median age 69 years, 60.9% female) were divided into 218 patients with MCI and 1904 cognitively normal older adults (CNOA). By employing 3D T1-weighted imaging, voxels within the hippocampus were entered into the ICA analysis to extract the structural covariance intra-networks within the hippocampus. The ICA extracted 16 intra-networks from the hippocampal structural images, which were divided into two bilateral networks and 14 ipsilateral networks. Of the 16 intra-networks, two (one bilateral network and one ipsilateral networks) were significant predictors of MCI from the CNOA after adjusting for age, sex, education, disease history, and hippocampal volume/total intracranial volume ratio. In conclusion, we found that the relationship between hippocampal intra-networks and MCI was independent from the hippocampal volume. Our results suggest that altered hippocampal intra-networks may reflect a different pathology in MCI from that of brain atrophy.

Background: Transition from pediatric to adult healthcare and services is an important event in the life course of all youth, including youth living with medical complexity. Data from the National Survey of Children’s Health indicates less than 20 % of youth receive health care transition services. The goal of our study was understanding the support, tools and resources that facilitate successful health care transition of young adults living with medical complexity. Methods: Young adults living with medical complexity and their parents shared their lived experience of ‘what worked’ and ‘what is needed’ for successful health care transition during focus group sessions. Content analysis of transcripts used an iterative and deductive approach guided by a priori themes. Findings: The voices of ten young adults and fourteen parents were shared during three virtual focus group sessions. They described health care transition (HCT) as an individualized process with success relying on consistent, clearly-defined and systemwide guidelines and resources. Moving from pediatric/family-focused care to adult/patient-focused care requires increased self-management and young adults often felt under-prepared for this role. Support from formal transition coordinators would improve communication between the multiple health, county/state agency and education systems involved during the transition period. Conclusions: Understanding the support, tools, and resources specifically needed by young adults with medical complexity for successful pediatric to adult health care transition is a critical first step in addressing the documented lack of transition services for this vulnerable population. This includes formal peer support programs for young adults with medical complexity and their parents.

Damage to the intestinal barrier causes intestinal inflammation, which could lead to the development of gastrointestinal diseases. Nut oils contain an abundance of unsaturated fatty acids, which are responsible for most of the bioactivities of nut oils. Here, the protective effect of four nut oils on the intestinal epithelial barrier was confirmed using Caco-2 cells damaged by tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ treatment. Nut oils effectively increased transepithelial electronic resistance and lowered paracellular fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran permeability in damaged Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, the nut oils inhibited the pro-inflammatory cytokine production of interleukin-6, which was induced by the inflammatory response. In particular, walnut oil effectively improved tight junction protein (occludin and zonula occludens-1) expression and distribution in damaged Caco-2 cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that nut oils are promising candidates for impaired intestinal barrier protection.

The field study was undertaken to examine the potential for adverse effects of transgenic soybean expressing bioactive human epidermal growth factor (with tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate, PPT) on the abundance and diversity of plant‐dwelling arthropods by comparing with those of a non‐GM parental cultivar, Gwangan soybean. Field surveys of soybean fields were carried out over two consecutive years, 2016 and 2017 at Ochang and Jeonju, Korea. The number of captured individuals associated with either of EGF and Gwangan soybean plants increased in 2017 compared with 2016 in both Ochang and Jeonju. During the survey period, the diversity and richness of the occurred insects and arachnids increased, dominance decreased, and the evenness of the insects remained static. The insects of Hymenoptera Order occurred most often comprised 25.4% of total captured insect pests. On the contrary, natural enemy from Hymenoptera Order and other insects from Diptera Order occurred more frequently (29.9% and 19.0%, respectively) in both the survey regions during the study periods. The score from PROXSCAL multidimensional scaling using combined data showed that the occurrence of insects and arachnids were separated due to their cultivation regions and years, irrespective of soybean cultivars. Consequently, the results indicated that there happened no notable change in the composition of arthropod communities in soybean agroecosystem due to GM event in soybean expressing EGF.

Focuses on a study which described the fabrication of n[sup+] and p[sup+] thin film by using a combination of spin-on-glass and xenon chloride excimer-laser doping. Result of the transmission electron microscopy micrograph analysis; Factors that affect the energy densities of poly-silicon film and silicon wafer; Impurity depth profile of silicon wafer.

Abstract The resistive switching behavior of the solution processed SiOx device was investigated by inserting TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs). Compared to the pristine SiOx device, the TiO2 NPs inserted SiOx (SiOx@TiO2 NPs) device achieves outstanding switching characteristics, namely a higher ratio of SET/RESET, lower operating voltages, improved cycle-to-cycle variability, faster switching speed, and multiple-RESET states. Density functional theory calculation (DFT) and circuit breaker simulation (CB) were used to detail the origin of the outstanding switching characteristic of the SiOx@TiO2 NPs. The improvement in resistive switching is mainly based on the difference in formation/rupture of the conductive path in the SiO2 and SiO2@TiO2 NPs devices. In particular, the reduction of resistance and lower switching voltage of TiO2 NPs control the formation and rupture of the conductive path to achieve more abrupt switching between SET/RESET with higher on/off ratio. This method of combined DFT calculation and CB offers a promising approach for high-performance non-volatile memory applications.