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Background: The SYNTAX score is a strong predictor of adverse cardiovascular events such as cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and lesions with revascularization. This rating was also confirmed for patients with left ventricular problems and all the patients referred for percutaneous coronary interventions Percutaneous Coronary Interventions (PCI). Methods: This study was conducted on 107 patients with ST- Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) who underwent thrombolytic treatment and then angiography. SYNTAX score was calculated in all the patients. Finally, the short-term and long-term prognoses were examined. Finally, the STR values were compared in two groups of people with high syntax and low syntax. Results: Eighteen patients (16.8%) suffered Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), one (0.9%) experienced GI bleeding, and one (0.9%) suffered ReMI. The patients' mean±standard deviation, maximum, and minimum SYNTAX scores were 12.82±7.19, 35, and 3, respectively. Twelve patients (11.2%) had SYNTAX scores higher than 22 (high risk), and 95 (88.8%) had scores lower than 22 (low risk). Conclusion: Results of the present study indicated that patients with SYNTEX scores >22 had STR lower than 50. CHF incidence rate in patients with SYNTAX scores higher than 22 (high risk) was higher. There was also a significant relationship between the patients' prognosis and SYNTAX scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The acute phase of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), as determined by TIMI angiographic criteria, is influenced by various factors that impact the patient’s clinical outcome. However, the modifiable risk factors of impaired TIMI flow (TIMI<3) and its effective treatment are not fully understood. Hyperglycemia may induce a pro thrombotic state and thus affect TIMI flow before or after PCI. This study investigates the correlation between hemoglobin A1c levels, TIMI flow grade, and thrombus grade in infarct-related arteries, assessing its predictive value in non-diabetic patients with STEMI.The 265 patients selected based on the hemoglobin A1c level lower than 6.5 % and were divided into three groups based on HbA1c level. Comparison between three groups in terms of risk factors, troponin level, blood glucose level, lipid profile, kidney function, number of involved vessels, type of MI, left ventricular ejection fraction, TIMI flow before and after primary angioplasty, thrombus burden, complications and hospital mortality was made.With the increase in HbA1c level, the prevalence of TIMI 3 flow after primary PCI decreased. The prevalence of TIMI flow 2–3 before angioplasty also decreased with the increase in HbA1c level. Increased hemoglobin A1c was also significantly related to large thrombus burden (p=0.021). Morover, hemoglobin A1c remained an independent predictor of post-PCI TIMI flow and thrombus burden.Elevated hemoglobin A1c is a predictor of TIMI flow less than 3 after primary PCI and high thrombus burden, in STEMI patients without a history of diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. One of the inflammatory factors affecting the prognosis of myocardial infarction is the high level of neutrophil count in the blood. In this study, we investigated the relationship of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in peripheral blood with ST-segment resolution and clinical outcomes of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) receiving thrombolytic therapy.

Background & Objective: Clinical outcomes of IHD depend on various factors, and coronary collateral circulation (CCC) development has recently been studied more. This study assessed blood groups' effect on CCC formation and patency. Materials & Methods: In this retrospective study, all patients From January 2021 to August 2022, who had been hospitalized in the cardiac care unit of Shahid Madani Cardiology Hospital in Tabriz, Iran, were studied. ABO blood group typing was done with the Sinagene blood group determining kit. Collateral coronary circulation was assessed based on the Rentrop-Cohen grading scale for coronary arteries with 100% occlusion (CTO). Results: 168 of 200 enrolled patients had well, and 32 had poor CCCs based on Rentrop scales. A+ blood groups were significantly more prevalent in patients with a good Rentrop scale, and A-, B- and AB- blood groups were significantly more prevalent in the poor CCC group. 21 patients in poor Rentrop and 68 in the good Rentrop group had hypertension (P = 0.009). Seventeen patients in the poor and 55 in the good Rentrop groups had DM (P = 0.028). The history of chronic kidney disease in poor Rentrop patients with 12 cases was significantly more than the good Rentrop group with 4 cases (P=0.000). The two groups had a significant difference in HLP prevalence (0.026). Conclusion: This study showed DM, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and A-, AB- and B- blood groups were strong predictors of poor and A+ for good CCC development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. In-stent restenosis (ISR) remains a major limitation of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A role for peripheral blood cells as major regulators of immune and inflammatory systems has been proposed. We aim to evaluate the relationship between eosinophil count and development of restenosis after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.

Inferior Wall ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (INF STEMI) is a severe condition with high mortality. Rapid treatment with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) is preferred. Pulse Pressure (PP) is a known risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and may be a valuable predictor of outcomes in these patients. The study aims to evaluate the relationship between PP and long-term prognosis, mortality, and major cardiovascular events after inferior STEMI in cases who underwent PPCI. This cross-sectional study included subjects with a confirmed diagnosis of inferior STEMI who underwent PPCI. Patient data were gathered from hospital records and analyzed for the relationship between PP and MACE during hospitalization and one-year follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. This cross-sectional study of 320 cases found that DM, DBP, and Cr patients had a higher incidence of MACEs (P-value <0.05). Subjects with higher LVEF and SBP had fewer MACEs (P-value <0.05). Cases with a PP of ≤50 had a higher mortality and heart failure incidence during hospitalization than those with a PP >50 (P-value <0.05). However, the two groups had no significant difference in one-year MACE rates. The study found that increasing DBP, Cr, and DM and decreasing LVEF and SBP impacted MACE incidence. PP ≤50 had more heart failure incidence and mortality during hospitalization in patients with inferior STEMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Mitral stenosis (MS) causes structural and functional abnormalitiesof the left atrium (LA) and left atrial appendage (LAA), and studies show that LAA performance improves within a short time after percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy (PTMC). This study aimed to investigate the effects of PTMC on leftatrial function by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).Methods: We enrolled 56 patients with severe mitral stenosis (valve area less than1.5 CM2). All participants underwent mitral valvuloplasty; they also underwenttransesophageal echocardiography before and at least one month after PTMC.Results: Underlying heart rhythm was sinus rhythm (SR) in 28 patients and atrialfibrillation (AF) in remainder 28 cases. There was no significant change in the leftventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD),or the left ventricular end systolic dimension (LVESD) before and after PTMC in bothgroups. However, both groups showed a significant decrease in the left atrial volumeindex (LAVI) following PTMC (P=0.032 in SR and P=0.015 in AF group). LAA ejectionfraction (LAAEF) and the LAA emptying velocity (LAAEV) were improved significantlyafter PTMC in both groups with SR and AF (P

Background: In patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), it is essential to determine the complexity of coronary lesions on presentation and predict the risk of no-reflow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Given that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, using inflammatory indices might be helpful in this setting. Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 200 consecutive patients with STEMI who underwent pPCI. The presentation neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) and the systemic inflammatory immunologic index (SII), calculated using the formula platelets x neutrophils/lymphocytes, were recorded. Study outcomes included the SYNTAX score and the TIMI flow grade before and after pPCI. The associations between the NLR and the SII and the study outcomes were investigated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Among 200 patients at a mean age of 59.85±11.23 years, 160 (80.0%) were male and 40 (20.0%) were female. The NLR and SII values were not statistically different between the 3 SYNTAX subgroups. While the mean NLR and SII values were similar between the patients with preprocedural TIMI flow grades 0/1 and 2/3, the mean NLR and SII were significantly lower in the group with a postprocedural TIMI flow grade 3. After adjustments for age and sex, the NLR and the SII were independent predictors of postprocedural no-reflow. Conclusion: In patients with STEMI, the presentation NLR and SII are useful for predicting the risk of no-reflow after pPCI. However, the NLR and the SII are not predictors of the SYNTAX score and the preprocedural TIMI flow grade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction We report a rare coronary anomaly presenting with aborted sudden death in an octogenarian. An anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery is a rare coronary anomaly which usually presents in the first year of life. Survival into adulthood and the elderly years is extremely rare. Case presentation An 85-year-old Caucasian woman was brought to our hospital following cardiopulmonary arrest. After prolonged resuscitation and stabilization of our patient, further evaluation revealed an anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery syndrome. She was discharged on medication. Conclusion An anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery can present in elderly and even octogenarian patients. Careful history, physical examination and an appropriate invasive study are needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Background: There is paucity of data regarding the prognostic implications of first-degree atrioventricular block in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction as a distinct group. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of prolonged PR interval with hospital clinical outcomes in patients with treated with thrombolysis. Methods: Three hundred consecutive patients with a first acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing thrombolysis between October 2017 and March 2018, were retrospectively enrolled in this study. They were divided into two groups based on PR interval on admission: PR interval ≤200 ms, and PR interval > 200 ms. Hospital mortality and complications were compared between the 2 groups. Results: Of the 300 patients, 26 (8.66%) had first-degree atrioventricular block on initial presentation. Overall, hospital death occurred in 20 (6.66%) patients. Patients with PR interval > 200 ms had a higher hospital mortality rate (26.9%) than those without (4.7%, p < 0.001). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, only left ventricular systolic function and PR interval were independent predictors of hospital mortality (odds ratio = 1.031; 95% confidence interval: 1.008-1.056, p = 0.009 for PR interval). Conclusion: In patients with a first acute anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis, first-degree atrioventricular block was associated with increased hospital mortality and a worse prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of patients treated with Cre8TM versus Resolute Onyx™ stent. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, all patients who underwent Stenting in the catheterization department of ShahidMadani Hospital between 2015 and 2018, were included. Angiographic and angioplasty findings were recorded. The primary end point, which includes total mortality, myocardial infarction, revascularization (adverse events) were recorded. Results: The mortality rates were similar in both groups. Moreover the myocardial infarction and repeated revascularization did not differ in both groups (p>0.05).The rates of adverse events wasn't significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Our study showed that efficacy and safety of Cre8™ stents is non-inferior to the Resolute Onyx™ stent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]