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125 results on '"Sengupta, Bhaswati"'

1. A next-generation BRAF inhibitor overcomes resistance to BRAF inhibition in patients with BRAF-mutant cancers using pharmacokinetics-informed dose escalation

Author

Yaeger, Rona, primary, McKean, Meredith A., additional, Haq, Rizwan, additional, Beck, J. Thaddeus, additional, Taylor, Matthew H., additional, Cohen, Jonathan Eliezer., additional, Bowles, Daniel W., additional, Gadgeel, Shirish M., additional, Mihalcioiu, Catalin, additional, Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P., additional, Diamond, Eli L., additional, Sturtz, Keren B., additional, Feng, Gang, additional, Drescher, Stefanie K., additional, Reddy, Micaela B., additional, Sengupta, Bhaswati, additional, Maity, Arnab K., additional, Brown, Suzy A., additional, Singh, Anurag, additional, Brown, Eric N., additional, Baer, Brian R., additional, Wong, Jim, additional, Mou, Tung-Chung, additional, Wu, Wen-I, additional, Kahn, Dean R., additional, Gadal, Sunyana, additional, Rosen, Neal, additional, Gaudino, John J., additional, Lee, Patrice A., additional, Hartley, Dylan P., additional, and Rothenberg, S. Michael., additional

Published
2024
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19. Teenage pregnancy: A socially inflicted health hazard

Author

Banerjee Bratati, Pandey G, Dutt Debashis, Sengupta Bhaswati, Mondal Maitraeyi, and Deb Sila

Subjects
Anemia, complications, low birth weight, preterm delivery, teen pregnancy, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: Early marriage and confinement are contributing factors to high maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Objective: To assess the magnitude of the problem of teenage pregnancy and its complications. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cohort study was undertaken over 4 months among women admitted to a rural hospital in West Bengal. The study cohort comprised of teenage mothers between 15-19 years old and a control cohort of mothers between 20-24 years old. Data included demographic variables, available medical records, and complications viz. anemia, preterm delivery, and low birth weight. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level below 10 gm% during the last trimester of pregnancy, preterm delivery was defined as occurring within 37 weeks of gestation, and low birth weight was defined as babies weighing less than 2500 grams at birth. Result: Teenage pregnancy comprised 24.17% of total pregnancies occurring in the hospital during the study period. The study group had 58 subjects and the control group had 91 subjects. The prevalence of anemia was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) in the women in the teenage group (62.96%) than in the women in the control group (43.59%). However, severe anemia with a hemoglobin level below 8 gm% was only found in the control group. Preterm delivery occurred significantly more ( P < 0.001) in the study group (51.72%) than in the control group (25.88%). The incidence of low birth weight was significantly higher ( P < 0.0001) among the group of teenagers (65.52%) than among the women in the control group (26.37%). Not a single newborn was above 3 kg in the study group, while none were below 1.5 kg in the control group. The mean birth weight was 2.36 kg in the study group and 2.74 kg in the control group; the difference was strongly significant ( P < 0.001). Conclusion: The study shows that anemia, preterm delivery, and low birth weight were more prevalent among teenagers than among women who were 20-24 years old. This indicates the need for enhancing family welfare measures to delay the age at first pregnancy, thereby reducing the multiple complications that may occur in the young mother and her newborn baby.

Published
2009

20. Effects of Histone H2B Ubiquitylations and H3K79me3on Transcription Elongation

Author

Huynh, Mai T., Sengupta, Bhaswati, Krajewski, Wladyslaw A., and Lee, Tae-Hee

Abstract

Post-translational modifications of histone proteins often mediate gene regulation by altering the global and local stability of the nucleosome, the basic gene-packing unit of eukaryotes. We employed semisynthetic approaches to introduce histone H2B ubiquitylations at K34 (H2BK34ub) and K120 (H2BK120ub) and H3K79 trimethylation (H3K79me3). With these modified histones, we investigated their effects on the kinetics of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) using single-molecule FRET. Pol II pauses at several locations within the nucleosome for a few seconds to minutes, which governs the overall transcription efficiency. We found that H2B ubiquitylations suppress pauses and shorten the pause durations near the nucleosome entry while H3K79me3 shortens the pause durations and increases the rate of RNA elongation near the center of the nucleosome. We also found that H2BK34ub facilitates partial rewrapping of the nucleosome upon Pol II passage. These observations suggest that H2B ubiquitylations promote transcription elongation and help maintain the chromatin structure by inducing and stabilizing nucleosome intermediates and that H3K79me3 facilitates Pol II progression possibly by destabilizing the local structure of the nucleosome. Our results provide the mechanisms of how these modifications coupled by a network of regulatory proteins facilitate transcription in two different regions of the nucleosome and help maintain the chromatin structure during active transcription.

Published
2023
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26. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy as a tool to investigate the directionality of proteolysis.

Author

Sengupta, Bhaswati, Das, Nilimesh, Singh, Virender, Thakur, Ashwani K., and Sen, Pratik

Subjects
*FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy, *PROTEOLYSIS, *PEPTIDASE, *BINDING sites
Abstract

Enzymatic proteolysis or protein digestion is the fragmentation of protein into smaller peptide units under the action of peptidase enzymes. In this contribution, the directionality of proteolysis has been studied using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), taking human serum albumin (HSA) as the model protein and papain, chymotrypsin and trypsin as the model enzymes. Domain-I of HSA has been tagged with tetramethylrhodamine-5-maleimide (TMR) and domain-III with p -nitrophenylcoumarin ester (NPCE) separately and subjected to proteolysis. Following the change in hydrodynamic radius, as monitored by FCS, it has been confirmed that under similar experimental conditions the order of efficiency of digestion is papain > trypsin > chymotrypsin. More interestingly, a faster decrease of hydrodynamic radius was observed when the fluorescence from domain-I was monitored in FCS, compared to that of domain-III. This observation clearly indicates that all these enzymes prefer to start cleaving HSA from domain-I. We assign this preference to the hydrophilic natures of the enzyme active site and domain-I surface. The dependence of the proteolysis on temperature and enzyme concentration has also been studied for papain using the same approach. Reverse-phase HPLC results are found to be in line with the FCS results and validates the applicability of our proposed method. Unlabelled Image [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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37. Dynamical response in methanol-chloroform binary solvent mixture over fs-μs time regime.

Author

Gupta, Shradhey, Mukherjee, Puspal, Sengupta, Bhaswati, and Sen, Pratik

Subjects
SOLVENTS, METHANOL, CHLOROFORM, SOLUTION (Chemistry), ORGANIC solvents, CHEMICAL reactions, SOLVATOCHROMISM
Abstract

The present study elucidates the extended nature of the weak interaction between methanol and chloroform in its mixture using steady-state, ultrafast and single molecule spectroscopic methods. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy using a solvatochromic dye indicates a synergistic solvation in the methanol-chloroform binary solvent mixture, which causes the solvatochromic dye to sense increased polarity compared to the bulk counterparts. Such synergism was not observed in the emission study and is explained by the weak nature of the interaction between methanol and chloroform. Fluorescence anisotropy and single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy are employed to understand the nature of such weak interaction on femtosecond to microsecond time scale. Retardation of both the rotational and translational diffusion of the reporter molecule indicates that the observed weak interaction is extended over large dimension in the condensed phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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38. Hypertension and Related Morbidity among Geriatric Population of Eastern India

Author

Gangopadhyay Nilanjan, Chanda Subhasis, Dutta Arpita, Firdoush Kazi Ashique, Datta Pratyay Pratim, Sengupta Bhaswati, and Bharati Subhadip

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Activities of daily living, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Cross-sectional study, Systematic sampling, Physical examination, medicine.disease, Obesity, Eastern india, Article, Elderly, Geriatric population, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Hypertension, Medicine, business, Geriatric
Abstract

SUMMARY Objectives: To assess the prevalence of hypertension among geriatric population and to find out its association with socio demographic parameters, non communicable diseases and level of daily activities. Methodology: Community based cross sectional study was conducted among geriatric population of Tarakeswar town, India. 402 persons were selected from total 2258 elderly persons by systematic random sampling and data was collected using pretested questionnaire followed by physical examination. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 16.0. Results: 53.5% respondents were hypertensive. Prevalence of hypertension was significantly more among higher age group (p=0.031). Hypertension was also associated with Diabetes mellitus (p

Published
2011

47. Single Molecular Level Probing of Structure and Dynamics of Papain Under Denaturation

Author

Sengupta, Bhaswati, Chaudhuri, Apala, Das, Nilimesh, and Sen, Pratik

Abstract

Introduction: Papain is a cysteine protease enzyme present in papaya and known to help in digesting peptide. Thus the structure and function of the active site of papain is of interest. Objective: The objective of present study is to unveil the overall structural transformation and the local structural change around the active site of papain as a function of chemical denaturant. Methods: Papain has been tagged at Cys-25 with a thiol specific fluorescence probe N-(7- dimethylamino-4-methylcoumarin-3-yl) iodoacetamide (DACIA). Guanidine hydrochloride (GnHCl) has been used as the chemical denaturant. Steady state, time-resolved, and single molecular level fluorescence techniques was applied to map the change in the local environment. Results: It is found that papain undergoes a two-step denaturation in the presence of GnHCl. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopic (FCS) data indicate that the size (hydrodynamic diameter) of native papain is ~36.8 Å, which steadily increases to ~53 Å in the presence of 6M GnHCl. FCS study also reveals that the conformational fluctuation time of papain is 6.3 µs in its native state, which decreased to 2.7 µs in the presence of 0.75 M GnHCl. Upon further increase in GnHCl concentration the conformational fluctuation time increase monotonically till 6 M GnHCl, where the time constant is measured as 14 µs. On the other hand, the measurement of ellipticity, hence the helical structure, by circular dichroism spectroscopy is found to be incapable to capture such structural transformation. Conclusion: It is concluded that in the presence of small amount of GnHCl the active site of papain takes up a more compact structure (although the overall size increases) than in the native state, which has been designated as the intermediate state.

Published
2017
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50. Validation Of A Novel Hypothesis Of Generating Foam Cells By Its Use To Study Reverse Cholesterol Transport

Author

Sengupta, Bhaswati

Subjects
Reverse cholesterol transport, foam cells, cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, lipoproteins, ldl, hdl, lysophosphatidylcholine, cholesterol efflux, dysfunctional hdl, paraoxonase, nbd cholesterol, macrophages, Molecular Biology, <p>Dissertations, Academic -- Medicine, Medicine -- Dissertations, Academic</p>
Abstract

Generation of foam cells, an essential step for reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) studies, uses the technique of receptor dependent macrophage loading with radiolabeled acetylated Low Density Lipoprotein (Ac-LDL). In this study, we used the ability of a biologically relevant detergent molecule, Lysophosphatidylcholine (Lyso PtdCho), to form mixed micelles with cholesterol or cholesteryl ester (CE) to generate macrophage foam cells. Fluorescent or radiolabelled cholesterol / Lyso PtdCho mixed micelles were prepared and incubated with RAW 264.7 or mouse peritoneal macrophages. Results showed that such micelles were quite stable at 4°C and retained the solubilized cholesterol during one month storage. Macrophages incubated with cholesterol or CE (unlabeled, fluorescently labeled or radiolabeled) / Lyso PtdCho mixed micelles accumulated CE as documented by microscopy, lipid staining, labeled oleate incorporation, and by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Such foam cells unloaded cholesterol when incubated with high density lipoprotein (HDL) and not with oxidized HDL (Ox-HDL). We propose that stable cholesterol or CE / Lyso PtdCho micelles would offer advantages over existing methods. Oxidative stress is associated with heart failure (HF). Previously our research group observed that the patients with low left-ventricular ejection fraction showed accumulation of high level of oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL) when compared with the heart failure patients with normal range of ejection fraction (EF). HDL is known to be atheroprotective and one of its important antioxidative functions is to protect LDL from oxidative modifications. However, HDL itself undergoes oxidation and Ox-HDL becomes functionally poor. It is expected to have a diminished ability to promote reverse cholesterol transport. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the quality of HDL present in the patients with EF would more compromised than those present in the patients with normal EF. Functionality of HDL was evaluated by measuring its cholesterol efflux capacity from foam cells generated in vitro. Functionality of HDL, which is strongly related to the oxidative modifications of HDL was further estimated by measuring paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme activity associated with HDL. Higher the PON1 activity and RCT ability, better is the functionality of HDL.

Published
2014

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