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In order to minimize the anthropogenic load, humanity is increasingly thinking about the need to further advance civilization along the path of sustainable development. This research paper studies effectiveness of the activities carried out within the framework of legal regulation of the sustainable development of civilization. The analysis of the results of following the provisions of the Kyoto Protocol showed that they brought positive results. By far, the Kyoto Protocol has ended its operation and the world community is guided by the provisions of the climate agreement adopted in 2015 in Paris. But this Agreement is currently not effective enough and we see the main problem in the lack of material incentives for emitters to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. JSC "Russian Railways" is one of the largest emitters, constantly reducing emissions, but shortcomings of environmental legislation do not allow it to participate in the trade of emission reduction units and receive income from these operations today. We see the solution to this problem in return to emission quotas (as envisaged by the Kyoto Protocol) and the development of the mechanism for trading units of their reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]