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The article presents the Semantic Web tutorial, which helps in understanding the use of various microformats. The application of the microformats in defining ways for refining the current web design practices is also discussed.

Problem Statement: Current web contains billions of documents and has many administrative problems and limitations; in addition to that the web content is still accessible only to humans. The solution to these problems is the Semantic Web. The Semantic Web is considered to be the extension for the current web. But there are problems facing the Semantic Web now, such as there is no clear architecture for it, there are four versions created by Tim Berners-Lee, but still up to now there is no agreement for one of these visions nor is there a clear picture for the relation between different layers inside this architecture and the associated technologies. The objectives of this study were to: (i) Identify the weaknesses that existed in the previous architectures and (ii) Reach a new architecture that corrects these weaknesses. Approach: This research uses the Qualitative Analysis Approach of Taylor and Renner, presents the four versions of the Semantic Web architecture, describing the function(s) and status of each layer and associated technologies, evaluates them using Gerber evaluation method and determines other design principles needed to modify and adapt this architecture as a step toward an agreement for one Semantic Web architecture. Results: The design of a new model for the Semantic Web architecture depends on the idea of previous versions. Conclusion: As a step toward a unified architecture for the Semantic Web, our study of the Semantic Web architecture highlighted some weaknesses that existed in the previous architectures, modify, adapt and reach a new architecture that corrects these weaknesses. Key words: Semantic Web, Software Architecture, XML, RDF, OIL, OWL, INTRODUCTION Current web contains billions of documents and there are many problems associated with the World Wide Web such as: getting lost in the hyperspace according to the large amount [...]

The author explains a new approach, which optimizes the network of the semantic software components of the application for determining its design. The process is shown to be extremely simple and advantageous, as it systematically explains the assembly of the software components just by analyzing the written specifications of the application.

The present paper describes the main characteristics and components of a tool developed for integrating the definition of profiles for semantic Web Services. This tool is based on the languages DAML-S and OWL-S. It includes the ontology visualization and consistency verification which specifies the concepts that a Web Service interacts with. Starting from a service description interpreted by a computer and by the means used for accessing the service, it is possible to discover which software agents use the service. The tool can generate information in different formats to represent graphic information based on XML, such as the SVG format proposed by the W3C. The tool was developed in Java language. It is being used for the visualization of ontologies and for the semantic description of services in traffic information systems. The LISITT group (Laboratorio Integrado de Sistemas Intefigentes y Tecnologias de la informacion de Trafico) developed this tool at the Robotics Institute at the University of Valencia. Index Terms--Intelligent Web services and semantic Web, ontology design.

The information processing of sports video yields valuable semantics for content delivery over narrowband networks. Traditional image/video processing is formulated in terms of low-level features describing image/video structure and intensity, while the high-level knowledge such as common sense and human perceptual knowledge are encoded in abstract and nongeometric representations. The management of semantic information in video becomes more and more difficult because of the large difference in representations, levels of knowledge, and abstract episodes. This paper proposes a semantic highlight detection scheme using a Multi-level Semantic Network (MSN) for baseball video interpretation. The probabilistic structure can be applied for highlight detection and shot classification. Satisfactory results will be shown to illustrate better performance compared with the traditional ones. Index Terms--Baseball video, Bayesian belief network, multi-level semantic network, spatio-temporal analysis, sport video, statistical modeling.

In the presence of taxonomic information, there often exists implicit implication among atoms in an interpretation domain. A general framework is proposed for the discussion of an appropriate semantics for declarative programs with respect to such implicit implication. It is first assumed that the implicit implication can be predetermined and represented by a preorder on the interpretation domain. Under the consequent constraint that every interpretation must conform to the implicit implication, an appropriate model-theoretic semantics as well as its corresponding fixpoint semantics for declarative programs is described. Based on Kostler et al.'s foundation of fixpoint with subsumption, it is shown that, if the implicit-implication relation is, in addition, assumed to be a partial order, then the meaning of a program can be determined more efficiently by application of an immediate-consequence operator which involves only reduced representations, basically consisting only of their maximal elements, of subsets of the interpretation domain. Index Terms--Declarative program, implicit implication, subsumption, taxonomy, deductive object-oriented database, model-theoretic semantics, fixpoint semantics.

Three-dimensional media can be used to exploit the capabilities of the Semantic Web, particularly in the scientific and industrial areas. The development of computational tools that describe, match, and describe digital objects on the basis of shape properties is required for the successful use of 3-D data.