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Continuous research efforts in the field of perovskite photovoltaics (PPV) have resulted in an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of approximately 25%. However, the inherent instability of perovskite materials poses a significant challenge for real-time applications. Various strategies have been explored to enhance stability in photovoltaics, with one such approach involving the use of a stable and highly conductive hole transport layer (HTL) in PPV. Experimentally, spiro-OMeTAD has been widely employed as the most preferred Hole Transport Layer (HTL) in high-performance Perovskite Photovoltaics (PPV) devices. However, spiro-OMeTAD is highly susceptible to moisture, leading to device degradation. In this study, we investigate the potential of MoS2 as an alternative HTL to replace spiro-OMeTAD in the device architecture (FTO/SnO2/FAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD/Au or MoS2/Au). To comprehensively assess MoS2's performance as an HTL, we conducted a detailed comparative analysis using the 1D-SCAPS simulation tool. The simulation results were compared with experimental data obtained from FTO/SnO2/FAPbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au devices. Our findings revealed that MoS2-based PPV devices exhibited superior photovoltaic performance, achieving an efficiency of 26.4% compared to 25.2% for spiro-OMeTAD-based devices. Several key device parameters were systematically examined, including series resistance, shunt resistance, anode work function, and temperature to assess their impact on device performance. Additionally, we identified optimal device conditions and superior electrode materials, with a focus on device behaviour at elevated operating temperatures. To provide comprehensive insights into the advantages and challenges associated with MoS2 as an HTL in PPV architectures, we conducted an exhaustive comparison between 1D-SCAPS simulations of FTO/SnO2/FAPbI3/MoS2/Au and experimental data from FTO/SnO2/FAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD/Au devices. This study offers valuable guidance for ongoing efforts aimed at enhancing perovskite photovoltaic devices' stability and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles integrated MoS2 nanocomposites have been prepared by a hydrothermal method. Structural phase, optical and morphological analysis of the prepared nanocomposites are examined through XRD, UV–Visible spectroscopy, and HRSEM techniques, respectively. The reduction of charge recombination rate of nanocomposites upon MoS2 addition is confirmed through PL analysis. Besides, the MoS2 addition is found to reduce the bandgap of the nanocomposite up to 2.15 eV as calculated from the KM Function plot. Photocatalytic studies showed that over 99% of degradation rhodamine B dye is achieved within 50 min by 15% MoS2/α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite, which is found to be a significant increment as compared to the bare α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes an affordable method for the synthesis of MnMoO4 nanoflowers through the microwave synthesis approach. By manipulating the reaction parameters like solvent, pH, microwave power, and irradiation duration along this pathway, various nanostructures can be acquired. The synthesized nanoflowers were analyzed by using a powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–DRS) to determine their crystalline nature, morphological and functional group, and optical properties, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed for the examination of elemental composition and chemical states by qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results of the investigations demonstrated that the MnMoO4 nanostructures with good crystallinity and distinct shape were formed successfully. The synthesized MnMoO4 nanoflowers were tested for their efficiency as a photocatalyst in the degradation studies of methylene blue (MB) as model organic contaminants in an aqueous medium under visible light, which showed their photocatalytic activity with a degradation of 85%. Through the band position calculations using the electronegative value of MnMoO4, the photocatalytic mechanism of the nanostructures was proposed. The results indicated that the effective charge separation, and transfer mechanisms, in addition to the flower-like shape, were responsible for the photocatalytic performance. The stability of the recovered photocatalyst was examined through its recyclability in the degradation of MB. Leveraging MnMoO4's photocatalytic properties, future studies may focus on scaling up these processes for practical and large-scale environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its efficiency and eco-friendliness, photocatalysis has become a potential technique for the reduction of organic pollutants in water. In the present investigation, we looked into the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B, a common dye pollutant, utilizing zinc tungstate (ZnWO4) as the photocatalyst. The ZnWO4 nanorods was synthesized using a simple and cost-effective hydrothermal procedure and characterized with various techniques, like X-ray diffraction, FTIR, DRS-UV, Raman, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), High-resolution Transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Rhodamine B degradation under UV light irradiation was used to gauge ZnWO4 photocatalytic activity. The outcomes showed that ZnWO4 had excellent photocatalytic activity, resulting in the considerable breakdown of Rhodamine B in a short amount of time. With a high degradation rate and efficiency, the improved reaction conditions improved photocatalytic performance. The study also shed light on the intermediate products created during the degradation process and the photocatalytic mechanism, which may help in understanding the reaction pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11513-4.Correction to: J Mater Sci: Mater Electron (2023) 34:2094 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11513-4In this article, the fourth author name Siva Vadivel was incorrectly written as C. Siva Vadivel. The original article has been corrected.Publisher's NoteSpringer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.By Muthamizh Selvamani; Ali Alsulmi; Arunmetha Sundaramoorthy; Siva Vadivel and Arul Varman KesavanReported by Author; Author; Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

In this study, the enhanced catalytic activity of tantalum nitride-tantalum oxide nitride (Ta3N5-TaON) nanohybrids combined with organic polypyrrole-co-poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PPY-CO-PEDOT) was investigated, focusing on their electrochemical catalytic properties and dye degradation. Developing catalysts with high activity and understanding the definition of core nanostructures is critical and challenging because of their diminished electron transfer properties, particularly in the absence of polymer composite materials. In this study, we synthesized well-defined irregularly shaped zigzag rod core–shell nanoparticles using low temperatures with a uniform reduction process for chemical methods. We assessed their nanostructure by integrating the complete material redox properties and synergetic effect features using XRD, XPS, FESEM, HRTEM, and UV-Vis techniques. We optimized the catalytic performance of core–shell nanostructures by adjusting the pH and scan rate, which enhanced the oxidation of oxfendazole (OFZ). Optimizing the hydrophilic groups and metal interface can lead to improved conductivity of the composite material and lower detection limits for nanomolar target analytes at 3.7181 × 10−9 MµA−1 by the DPV approach. In addition, the photodegradation of malachite green (MG) was achieved with a catalytic performance of 98.7 %, and implementing the catalytic mechanism showed the catalytic capabilities of the hexagonal core cell nanostructure and their potential applications in fuel cells, electricity storage batteries, and hydrogen production and storage.Graphical Abstract: In this study, the enhanced catalytic activity of tantalum nitride-tantalum oxide nitride (Ta3N5-TaON) nanohybrids combined with organic polypyrrole-co-poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PPY-CO-PEDOT) was investigated, focusing on their electrochemical catalytic properties and dye degradation. Developing catalysts with high activity and understanding the definition of core nanostructures is critical and challenging because of their diminished electron transfer properties, particularly in the absence of polymer composite materials. In this study, we synthesized well-defined irregularly shaped zigzag rod core–shell nanoparticles using low temperatures with a uniform reduction process for chemical methods. We assessed their nanostructure by integrating the complete material redox properties and synergetic effect features using XRD, XPS, FESEM, HRTEM, and UV-Vis techniques. We optimized the catalytic performance of core–shell nanostructures by adjusting the pH and scan rate, which enhanced the oxidation of oxfendazole (OFZ). Optimizing the hydrophilic groups and metal interface can lead to improved conductivity of the composite material and lower detection limits for nanomolar target analytes at 3.7181 × 10−9 MµA−1 by the DPV approach. In addition, the photodegradation of malachite green (MG) was achieved with a catalytic performance of 98.7 %, and implementing the catalytic mechanism showed the catalytic capabilities of the hexagonal core cell nanostructure and their potential applications in fuel cells, electricity storage batteries, and hydrogen production and storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Dopamine serves an essential function as a neurotransmitter, influencing the regulation of movement, cognitive processes, and emotional states. The identification of abnormal dopamine levels is critical for clinical diagnoses and scientific research, given its links to various disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease. The distinctive electrochemical characteristics, stability, and broad bandgap of zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanostructures render them particularly fascinating. The hydrothermal method is recognized as an effective and economical approach for the fabrication of ZnS nanostructures, exhibiting a range of morphologies. Utilizing this method to create ZnS nanostructures leads to the formation of structures characterized by extensive surface areas, hierarchical designs, and improved electrochemical properties. Aim The objective is to examine the electrochemical characteristics of ZnS starfish-shaped nanostructures produced through the hydrothermal technique and to assess their viability as a sensing platform for dopamine detection. Materials and methods To synthesize ZnS nanoflowers, stoichiometric amounts of transition metal salts were prepared: 10 mM of Zn(NO 3 ) 2 •3H 2 O and 30 mM of sodium thiosulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 3 •5H 2 O) were dissolved in 30 mL of deionized water and stirred for 20 minutes. The solutions were then combined and transferred into a 100 mL Teflon autoclave reactor, which was heated at 200 °C for 12 hours in a furnace. This process utilized the hydrothermal technique to produce the desired ZnS nanoflowers. Result The crystalline arrangement of ZnS was validated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, aligning with the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS). Moreover, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) illustrated the particle morphology of ZnS, showing a range between 200 and 500 nm size. Additionally, the cyclic voltammetry results indicated that the modified electrode produced a greater current response than the bare electrode, highlighting its improved sensitivity to dopamine molecules. Conclusion ZnS nanoparticles were synthesized via a hydrothermal method and characterized using XRD and FE-SEM. These nanoparticles were used for electrochemical dopamine detection, showing potential for advanced sensing platforms. Integrating ZnS into microfluidic devices enables real-time dopamine monitoring, opening new possibilities for healthcare and neurochemical research. Exploring surface engineering techniques could further enhance the electrochemical performance of ZnS-based sensors., Competing Interests: Human subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve human participants or tissue. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Dinesh et al.)

Introduction Manganese(III) oxide (Mn 2 O 3 ) is a transition metal oxide that has gained significant attention due to its unique properties and potential applications in various fields, including catalysis, energy storage, and sensing. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the human brain, plays a crucial role in regulating several physiological processes as its detection is important in areas such as medical diagnostics and neurochemistry. The synthesis of Mn 2 O 3 can be achieved through methods like precipitation, hydrothermal synthesis, or solid-state reactions. Aims The objective of this study is to synthesize Mn 2 O 3 , characterize its structure and morphology, and investigate its electrochemical properties toward dopamine. Materials and methods Materials used included manganese sulfate (MnSO 4 ), potassium permanganate, deionized water, a Teflon steel autoclave, and a hot air oven. For the synthesis of a hierarchical Mn 2 O 3  rodlike shape, MnSO 4 •H 2 O (8 mmol) and potassium permanganate (8 mmol) were firstly dissolved in deionized water (40 mL) by stirring, which was then transferred to a Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave (50 mL). This autoclave was sealed and maintained at 90℃ for six hours. Finally, the resultant Mn 2 O 3 rods were collected by filtration, washed with distilled water and absolute ethanol for several times, and dried in air at 80℃. Mn 2 O 3  rods were obtained by the calcinations of the as-prepared Mn 2 O 3  rods at different temperatures. When Mn 2 O 3  rods were treated at 600℃ for six hours in air, Mn 2 O 3  rods could be collected. Results The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that Mn 2 O 3  is crystalline in structure and it matched with that of the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS). The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) shows the morphology of Mn 2 O 3 is a particle with the size of 100 nm. Cyclic voltammetry response shows that compared to bare electrode, modified electrode shows the higher current response which indicates the sensing ability of the dopamine molecule. Conclusion  Mn₂O₃ was prepared using a hydrothermal technique, and the formation of nanoparticles (NPs) was verified through XRD, while the morphology was examined using FE-SEM. The Mn 2 O 3 obtained was utilized in the detection of electrochemical dopamine, showing promise in the development of effective dopamine sensors. This study sets the stage for the integration of Mn₂O₃ into microfluidic systems for ongoing dopamine monitoring, presenting novel prospects for healthcare and neurochemical investigations. The exploration of various surface engineering approaches may additionally improve the electrochemical capabilities of Mn₂O₃ for the advancement of sensor technology., Competing Interests: Human subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve human participants or tissue. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Suresh et al.)

Background  The article delineates a strategy for detecting ascorbic acid (AA) through the use of iron oxide (Fe₂O₃) nanoparticles on an electrode. The Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles demonstrated effective electrocatalysis in the oxidation of AA, resulting in increased peak currents. The sensor showcased a wide linear detection range, a low detection limit, and high selectivity towards interferents, making it suitable for accurate AA measurement in food analysis and medical diagnostics applications. This emphasizes the potential of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle-based sensors for precise AA detection. Aim The primary aim of this research is to develop an electrochemical sensing technique for the identification of ascorbic acid, with the use of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles as the sensing matrix. Materials and methods The synthesis process involved the utilization of FeCl 3 .6H 2 O, ammonia solution, ethanol, and double-distilled water. FeCl 3 .6H 2 O was dissolved in ammonia water to produce a brown precipitate for the synthesis of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. Subsequently, the brown precipitate underwent hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C, resulting in the formation of a red product. Following centrifugation, washing, and drying steps, Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were successfully synthesized. These nanoparticles were then utilized to modify the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Prior to the modification, the GCE underwent polishing and cleaning procedures, after which it was coated with a suspension containing 5 mg of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles in 10 mL of ethanol. The coated electrode was dried and deemed ready for application in electrochemical sensing. Results The hydrothermal method was employed in this research to synthesize Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, which were subsequently subjected to a series of experiments to evaluate their electrochemical sensing capabilities. The resulting Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were determined to possess a high level of purity and a crystalline structure through various analyses, including field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), cyclic voltammetric testing, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and the current response of the Fe₂O₃-modified electrode towards ascorbic acid. The morphology of the Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles was observed to be uniform. The synthesized particles successfully fulfilled the study's objective by exhibiting remarkably sensitive and selective sensitivity towards ascorbic acid. Conclusion Our study underscores the potential of utilizing Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle-based electrochemical sensing to detect ascorbic acid, as evidenced by the notably high sensitivity of ascorbic acid towards Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles. The distinctive properties of Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, which include their large surface area, efficient electron transport, and straightforward manufacturing process, significantly enhance the sensor's performance. Further research is crucial to exploring the wide-ranging applications of the sensor in fields such as food safety, environmental monitoring, and biological diagnostics and to overcome any existing limitations., Competing Interests: Human subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve human participants or tissue. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Sikaria et al.)

Background In recent years, significant advancements have been made in various scientific sectors, particularly in healthcare and pharmaceutical research. This progress has been driven by the development of enhanced sensing materials and methodologies. Electrochemical sensing has become an important tool in detecting and analyzing drug molecules due to its high sensitivity, specificity, and rapid response times. Among various drugs, paracetamol, also known as acetaminophen, is widely used for its analgesic and antipyretic properties. Accurate detection of paracetamol is crucial due to its widespread use and potential for overdose, which can lead to severe liver damage. Copper molybdate (CuMoO 4 ) is a transition metal oxide that has garnered attention for its excellent electrical conductivity and electrochemical stability. These properties make it a promising candidate for use in electrochemical sensors. The ability of CuMoO 4 to act as a sensor material is enhanced by its unique structural and morphological characteristics, which can be tailored during synthesis. Aim This study aimed to synthesize CuMoO 4 and investigate its electrochemical sensing capability for the detection of drug molecules, specifically paracetamol. Materials and method CuMoO 4 was synthesized using a precipitation method that did not involve any surfactants. This approach was chosen to simplify the synthesis process and avoid potential contamination from surfactants. The morphology of the synthesized CuMoO 4 nanoparticles was investigated using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the purity of the CuMoO 4 nanomaterial. Structural analysis was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). To evaluate the electrochemical sensing capability of CuMoO 4  for paracetamol, Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed. DPV is a sensitive electrochemical technique that can detect changes in current response corresponding to the presence of analytes. Results The synthesized CuMoO 4  exhibited a rock-like structure, as revealed by FE-SEM imaging. This morphology is advantageous for electrochemical applications due to the increased surface area available for interaction with analytes. EDX confirmed the purity of the CuMoO 4  nanomaterial, showing no significant impurities. XRD analysis indicated that the CuMoO 4  nanoparticles were crystalline in nature, which is beneficial for consistent and reproducible electrochemical behavior. The DPV analysis demonstrated that the CuMoO 4  sensor exhibited a linear increase in current response with increasing concentrations of paracetamol. This linear relationship indicates that CuMoO₄ is capable of detecting paracetamol effectively, with a strong and quantifiable signal response. Conclusion The CuMoO 4  nanomaterial was successfully synthesized using a simple precipitation method and was characterized by its rock-like morphology and crystalline structure. Electrochemical testing using DPV showed that CuMoO 4  has excellent sensing capabilities for detecting paracetamol, with a clear and linear current response. These findings suggest that CuMoO 4  is a promising electrochemical sensing material for drug detection, potentially offering a reliable and efficient method for monitoring paracetamol and possibly other pharmaceuticals in various settings., Competing Interests: Human subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve human participants or tissue. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Krisha et al.)

Background Heliotropium bacciferum , often known as wild heliotrope or wild quailplant, is a flowering plant from the borage family. This study examines the anti-metastatic impact of  H. bacciferum  on Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and its ability to disrupt signaling pathways. Aim To explore the anti-metastatic effect of  H. bacciferum  on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Materials and methods For this research, MCF-7 breast cancer cells were used. Cells were cultured and subjected to 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, as well as gene expression analysis for glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), wingless-related integration site 2 (Wnt2), and β-catenin. The plant extract was tested to determine if it successfully blocked the signalling pathway or not.  Results The MTT test was performed to study the cytotoxic impact of  H. bacciferum.  At an increasing concentration of 100 μg/mL, the extract inhibited growth by 55%, whereas at 150 μg/mL, it inhibited growth by 52.5%. Maximum inhibition was seen at 150 μg/mL.  H. bacciferum  suppressed the GSK3β and Wnt2 signaling pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, acting as an anti-metastatic and anticancer agent. The heliotrine compound in  H. bacciferum  showed high binding energy to metastatic targets such as GSK3β, Wnt2, and β-catenin. Moreover, chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties also support the study. Conclusion In this study, we can infer that  H. bacciferum  has a favourable anticancer impact on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines and may be utilised as an anticancer drug against breast cancer cells. It can also be further evaluated for different breast cancers and cell lines., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, R et al.)

Background Electrochemical sensing is a versatile field that uses electrochemistry concepts to detect and measure various substances. It finds applications in clinical diagnostics and environmental monitoring. Scientists are currently working on creating reliable electrochemical sensing devices that can accurately detect ascorbic acid. Iron sulfide (FeS) has emerged as a promising material for these sensors due to its excellent electrical conductivity, catalytic activity, and stability.  Materials and methods The FeS nanoparticles were synthesized through the hydrothermal method of synthesis. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with a surface area of 0.071 cm 2  was modified with FeS before the working electrode was mechanically polished with 1 µm, 0.3 µm, and 0.05 µm alumina pastes for mirror finishing. Then it was subjected to ultrasonication in double distilled water for a few minutes to clean the surface of GCE. The FeS suspension was prepared by dispersing 5 mg of FeS in 10 mL of ethanol during 20 minutes of ultrasonic agitation then the GCE was coated with 10 μL of the suspension by drop coating method and dried in air. Results In this study, FeS nanoparticles were synthesized by the hydrothermal method of synthesis, and it was tested for their electrochemical sensing properties by various tests. Based on the field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) analysis, scan rate effect test, cyclic voltammetric test, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analysis done and results obtained, it was seen that the synthesized FeS nanoparticles are highly pure and have a crystalline structure. FeS has an even morphology. The synthesized particles also showed highly sensitive and specific sensing toward ascorbic acid when compared to unmodified 10.1 µA electrodes with a sensing value of 12.51 μA, thereby fulfilling the aim of this study. Conclusion Based on the outcomes of the diverse tests carried out, it is evident that the sample displayed a high crystalline nature as indicated by the XRD test. Additionally, the sample exhibited a uniform morphology, exceptional stability, and remarkable sensitivity. The developed FeS-based electrochemical sensor was found to be exceptionally pure and showed excellent performance, showcasing both high sensitivity and selectivity toward ascorbic acid., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Mathew et al.)

Background: The pressing need for precise, quick, and affordable detection of diverse biomolecules has led to notable developments in the realm of biosensors. Quercetin, a biomolecule rich in flavonoids predominantly found in our diet, is sensed by the electrochemical method. The electrochemical properties show remarkable improvement when Mn 2 O 3 (MO) is doped with cobalt (Co).  Aim: This study aimed to investigate the biomolecule sensing of quercetin using Co-doped MO by electrochemical method.  Materials and methods: Co-doped MO nanospheres were prepared by hydrothermal method. The crystal structure of the synthesized material was evaluated by using X-ray diffraction analysis. The sample morphology was assessed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques. The cyclic voltammetry technique was used for the detection of quercetin biomolecules.  Results: The synthesized Co-doped MO appeared to be spherical in morphology in FE-SEM. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed the only presence of Co, Mn, and O, which confirmed the purity of the sample. The modified electrode sensed the biomolecule with a higher current of 7.35 µA than the bare glassy carbon electrode of 6.1 µA., Conclusion: The Co-doped MO exhibited enhanced conductivity, reactivity, and electrochemical performance. This tailored approach will help in the optimization of material properties toward specific biomolecule sensing applications., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Thalir et al.)

Background:  An assessment of Suaeda monoica extract's antimicrobial and antioxidant properties was undertaken in light of its possible application as an oral care product. The maintenance of optimal dental health is just as important as overall wellness. Food particles become trapped in the mouth cavity, making it easy for oral bacteria to infect., Aim:  The study sought to ascertain the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of salt marsh Suaeda monoica extract., Materials and Methods:  Leaves of Suaeda monoica,  collected, dried and powdered, were dissolved in 70% methanol and the extract of 25-100 μg/ml was analyzed for antioxidant activity through total antioxidant assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and total reducing power. Suaeda monoica antibacterial activity was also performed and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for 75 μg/ml, 100μg/ml, and 150 μg/ml concentrations and tetracycline in 10mcg/disc as a control against three different oral pathogens:  Staphylococcus mutans, Streptococcus aureus , and Klebsiella spp ., Results:  At varying concentrations of 75 mg/ml to 150 mg/ml, Suaeda monoica extracts are efficacious with varying concentrations against the investigated bacterial strains. In the present study, in the DPPH assay, total reducing power, and total antioxidant activity assay, there was an increase in inhibitory percentage as the concentration increased from 25-100 µg/ml, showing maximum inhibition at 100 µg/ml concentration., Conclusion:  The results of the investigation show that  Suaeda monoica  has significant antibacterial and antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner and can be potentially used as an oral care agent after it is assessed for clinical use., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2024, Shakthi et al.)