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2D-MXenes have gained much popularity for energy storage applications such as hybrid capacitors, and they have shown very competitive performance, especially as electrode materials for sodium ion hybrid capacitors. However, they suffer from various problems, such as morphology distortion and fast capacity fading, which results in the poor performance of the battery. As a result, researchers have focused more on MXene-based composite materials to address these issues. In this work, we report a sodium iodide and nickel-decorated MXene-based composite (Ti _2 C/Ni/NaI) material as an electrode for a sodium ion hybrid capacitor. Ti _2 C MXene and Ni were able to provide physical and mechanical strength, and iodine was able to produce redox activity. The composite had a rough surface with readily aggregated 2D-MXene sheets and was uniformly covered with Ni, Na, and I atoms. Several vibrational bands and peaks associated with Ti, Ni, Na, C and O in the Raman while XPS spectra confirmed the effective incorporation of dopants into the MXene sheets and successful synthesis of the Ti _2 C/Ni/NaI composite. The fabricated hybrid capacitor exhibited good capacity retention of 59% after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 0.5 mA g ^−1 ; thus, the Ti _2 C/Ni/NaI composite can be a promising electrode material for sodium-based hybrid capacitors.

Background: Choledochal cyst (CC) is a cystic dilatation of various parts of the biliary tract that requires surgical intervention. Excision of the CC with biliary enteric anastomosis is the standard line of treatment. There are two types of biliary enteric anastomosis, hepaticojejunostomy (HJ), and hepaticoduodenostomy (HD). However, there is no consensus among surgeons regarding the preferred anastomosis technique. Aims and Objectives: In this study, we conducted a survey among pediatric surgeons in India to determine their preferred anastomosis technique following CC excision. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pediatric surgeons in India by circulating a Google™ form containing information about their demographics and their preferred choice of anastomosis in the Indian Association for Pediatric Surgeons Official Telegram™ group called “Pediatric Surgery Academics.” The survey was done in June and July 2019. Results: A total of 53 (9.96%) pediatric surgeons responded to the survey. Among them, 47 (88.7%) were male and 6 (11.3%) were female pediatric surgeons. The mean age of the surgeons was 46.21, and the mean number of cases operated by pediatric surgeons was 28.49. Experience-wise, 8 (15.1%) had

Background: Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common pediatric surgery emergency, with potential complications such as perforation, obstruction, and bleeding. The demographics, characteristics, and management of these cases can vary based on factors such as age, gender, and type of FB ingested. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to analyze these factors in a prospective study of children with FB ingestion. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study done under 13 years of age with FB ingestion who presented to a tertiary care hospital over a period of 15 months. Results: A total of 133 cases were included, with a mean age of 6.15 years and a higher prevalence in males (60.2%). The most common age group affected was 5–13 years (50.4%). The mean length of ingested FB was 2.77 cm, with 52.6% of cases ingesting FBs >2 cm. The majority of FBs were blunt (92.5%) and circular in shape (61.7%). The primary reason for ingestion was playing (95.5%). The most common site of FB impaction was the intestine (50.4%). Most cases were managed by observation (93.2%). Conclusion: FB ingestion is a common pediatric emergency, with a higher prevalence in males. Most cases can be managed by observation, and endoscopic removal or PR may be required in a small proportion of cases. Awareness of the risk factors and clinical presentation of FB ingestion can aid in prompt diagnosis and management of these cases.