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2. Brown bear attacks on humans: a worldwide perspective

Author

Bombieri, G., Naves, J., Penteriani, V., Selva, N., Fernández-Gil, A., López-Bao, J. V., Ambarli, H., Bautista, C., Bespalova, T., Bobrov, V., Bolshakov, V., Bondarchuk, S., Camarra, J. J., Chiriac, S., Ciucci, P., Dutsov, A., Dykyy, I., Fedriani, J. M., García-Rodríguez, A., Garrote, P. J., Gashev, S., Groff, C., Gutleb, B., Haring, M., Härkönen, S., Huber, D., Kaboli, M., Kalinkin, Y., Karamanlidis, A. A., Karpin, V., Kastrikin, V., Khlyap, L., Khoetsky, P., Kojola, I., Kozlow, Y., Korolev, A., Korytin, N., Kozsheechkin, V., Krofel, M., Kurhinen, J., Kuznetsova, I., Larin, E., Levykh, A., Mamontov, V., Männil, P., Melovski, D., Mertzanis, Y., Meydus, A., Mohammadi, A., Norberg, H., Palazón, S., Pătrașcu, L. M., Pavlova, K., Pedrini, P., Quenette, P. Y., Revilla, E., Rigg, R., Rozhkov, Y., Russo, L. F., Rykov, A., Saburova, L., Sahlén, V., Saveljev, A. P., Seryodkin, I. V., Shelekhov, A., Shishikin, A., Shkvyria, M., Sidorovich, V., Sopin, V., Støen, O., Stofik, J., Swenson, J. E., Tirski, D., Vasin, A., Wabakken, P., Yarushina, L., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., and Delgado, M. M.

Published
2019
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3. Scientists support the EU's Green Deal and reject the unjustified argumentation against the Sustainable Use Regulation and the Nature Restoration Law

Author

Pe'er, Guy, Kachler, Jana, Herzon, I., Hering, D., Arponen, A., Bosco, L., Bruelheide, H., Friedrichs-Manthey, Martin, Hagedorn, G., Hansjürgens, Bernd, Ladouceur, Emma, Lakner, S., Liquete, C., Quaas, M., Robuchon, M., Saavedra, D., Selva, N., Settele, Josef, Sirami, C., van Dam, N.M., Wittmer, Heidi, Wubs, E.R.J., Bonn, Aletta ; orcid:0000-0002-8345-4600, Pe'er, Guy, Kachler, Jana, Herzon, I., Hering, D., Arponen, A., Bosco, L., Bruelheide, H., Friedrichs-Manthey, Martin, Hagedorn, G., Hansjürgens, Bernd, Ladouceur, Emma, Lakner, S., Liquete, C., Quaas, M., Robuchon, M., Saavedra, D., Selva, N., Settele, Josef, Sirami, C., van Dam, N.M., Wittmer, Heidi, Wubs, E.R.J., and Bonn, Aletta ; orcid:0000-0002-8345-4600

Published
2023

4. Behavioral responses of terrestrial mammals to COVID-19 lockdowns

Author

Tucker, M., Schipper, A., Adams, T., Attias, N., Avgar, T., Babic, N., Barker, K., Bastille-Rousseau, G., Behr, D., Belant, J., Beyer Jr, D., Blaum, N., Blount, D., Bockmühl, D., Pires Boulhosa, R. L., Brown, M., Buuveibaatar, B., Cagnacci, F., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., Černe, R., Chamaillé-Jammes, S., Chan, A. N., Chase, M., Chaval, Y., Chenaux-Ibrahim, Y., Cherry, S., Ćirović, D., Çoban, E., Cole, E., Conlee, L., Courtemanch, A., Cozzi, G., Davidson, S., Debloois, D., Dejid, N., Denicola, V., Desbiez, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Drake, D., Egan, M., Eikelboom, J., Fagan, W., Farmer, M., Fennessy, J., Finnegan, S., Fleming, C., Fournier, B., Fowler, N., Gantchoff, M., Garnier, A., Gehr, B., Geremia, C., Goheen, J., Hauptfleisch, M., Hebblewhite, M., Heim, M., Hertel, A., Heurich, M., Hewison, M., Hodson, J., Hoffman, N., Hopcraft, G., Huber, D., Isaac, E., Janik, K., Ježek, M., Johansson, Ö., Jordan, N. R., Kaczensky, P., Kamaru, D., Kauffman, M., Kautz, T., Kays, R., Kelly, A., Kindberg, J., Krofel, M., Kusak, J., Lamb, C., Lasharr, T., Leimgruber, P., Leitner, H., Lierz, M., Linnell, J., Lkhagvaja, P., Long, R., López-Bao, J., Loretto, M.-C., Marchand, P., Martin, H., Martinez, L., Mcbride Jr, R., Mclaren, A., Meisingset, E., Melzheimer, J., Merrill, E., Middleton, A., Monteith, K., Moore, S., Moorter, B. V., Morellet, N., Morrison, T., Müller, R., Mysterud, A., Noonan, M., O’Connor, D., Olson, D., Olson, K., Ortega, A., Ossi, F., Panzacchi, M., Patchett, R., Patterson, B., Paula, R. C. D., Payne, J., Peters, W., Petroelje, T., Pitcher, B., Pokorny, B., Poole, K., Potočnik, H., Poulin, M.-P., Pringle, R., Prins, H., Ranc, N., Reljić, S., Robb, B., Röder, R., Rolandsen, C., Rutz, C., Salemgareyev, A., Samelius, G., Sayine-Crawford, H., Schooler, S., Şekercioğlu, Ç., Selva, N., Semenzato, P., Sergiel, A., Sharma, K., Shawler, A., Signer, J., Silovský, V., Silva, J., Simon, R., Smiley, R., Smith, D., Solberg, E., Soto, D., Spiegel, O., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Stahler, D., Stephenson, J., Stewart, C., Strand, O., Sunde, P., Svoboda, N., Swart, J., Thompson, J., Toal, K., Uiseb, K., Vanacker, M., Velilla, M., Verzuh, T., Wachter, B., Wagler, B., Whittington, J., Wikelski, M., Wilmers, C., Wittemyer, G., Young, J., Zięba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Huijbregts, M., Mueller, T., Tucker, M., Schipper, A., Adams, T., Attias, N., Avgar, T., Babic, N., Barker, K., Bastille-Rousseau, G., Behr, D., Belant, J., Beyer Jr, D., Blaum, N., Blount, D., Bockmühl, D., Pires Boulhosa, R. L., Brown, M., Buuveibaatar, B., Cagnacci, F., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., Černe, R., Chamaillé-Jammes, S., Chan, A. N., Chase, M., Chaval, Y., Chenaux-Ibrahim, Y., Cherry, S., Ćirović, D., Çoban, E., Cole, E., Conlee, L., Courtemanch, A., Cozzi, G., Davidson, S., Debloois, D., Dejid, N., Denicola, V., Desbiez, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Drake, D., Egan, M., Eikelboom, J., Fagan, W., Farmer, M., Fennessy, J., Finnegan, S., Fleming, C., Fournier, B., Fowler, N., Gantchoff, M., Garnier, A., Gehr, B., Geremia, C., Goheen, J., Hauptfleisch, M., Hebblewhite, M., Heim, M., Hertel, A., Heurich, M., Hewison, M., Hodson, J., Hoffman, N., Hopcraft, G., Huber, D., Isaac, E., Janik, K., Ježek, M., Johansson, Ö., Jordan, N. R., Kaczensky, P., Kamaru, D., Kauffman, M., Kautz, T., Kays, R., Kelly, A., Kindberg, J., Krofel, M., Kusak, J., Lamb, C., Lasharr, T., Leimgruber, P., Leitner, H., Lierz, M., Linnell, J., Lkhagvaja, P., Long, R., López-Bao, J., Loretto, M.-C., Marchand, P., Martin, H., Martinez, L., Mcbride Jr, R., Mclaren, A., Meisingset, E., Melzheimer, J., Merrill, E., Middleton, A., Monteith, K., Moore, S., Moorter, B. V., Morellet, N., Morrison, T., Müller, R., Mysterud, A., Noonan, M., O’Connor, D., Olson, D., Olson, K., Ortega, A., Ossi, F., Panzacchi, M., Patchett, R., Patterson, B., Paula, R. C. D., Payne, J., Peters, W., Petroelje, T., Pitcher, B., Pokorny, B., Poole, K., Potočnik, H., Poulin, M.-P., Pringle, R., Prins, H., Ranc, N., Reljić, S., Robb, B., Röder, R., Rolandsen, C., Rutz, C., Salemgareyev, A., Samelius, G., Sayine-Crawford, H., Schooler, S., Şekercioğlu, Ç., Selva, N., Semenzato, P., Sergiel, A., Sharma, K., Shawler, A., Signer, J., Silovský, V., Silva, J., Simon, R., Smiley, R., Smith, D., Solberg, E., Soto, D., Spiegel, O., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Stahler, D., Stephenson, J., Stewart, C., Strand, O., Sunde, P., Svoboda, N., Swart, J., Thompson, J., Toal, K., Uiseb, K., Vanacker, M., Velilla, M., Verzuh, T., Wachter, B., Wagler, B., Whittington, J., Wikelski, M., Wilmers, C., Wittemyer, G., Young, J., Zięba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Huijbregts, M., and Mueller, T.

Abstract

COVID-19 lockdowns in early 2020 reduced human mobility, providing an opportunity to disentangle its effects on animals from those of landscape modifications. Using GPS data, we compared movements and road avoidance of 2300 terrestrial mammals (43 species) during the lockdowns to the same period in 2019. Individual responses were variable with no change in average movements or road avoidance behavior, likely due to variable lockdown conditions. However, under strict lockdowns 10-day 95th percentile displacements increased by 73%, suggesting increased landscape permeability. Animals’ 1-hour 95th percentile displacements declined by 12% and animals were 36% closer to roads in areas of high human footprint, indicating reduced avoidance during lockdowns. Overall, lockdowns rapidly altered some spatial behaviors, highlighting variable but substantial impacts of human mobility on wildlife worldwide.

Published
2023

6. Evaluation of a Video-Assisted Patient Education Program to Reduce Blood Pressure Delivered Through the Electronic Medical Record: Results of a Quality Improvement Project

Author

Shahed Al Natour, Ahlam A Sarhan, Lawrence J. Appel, Edgar R. Miller, Ashwaq S Matroud, Haitham A Alzahrani, Elizabeth A Vrany, Tamara Sunbul, Sarah L Palmer, Wafa H Azmi, Selva N Rajanayagam, Sinéad Morrissey, Mohammed Ghamdi, Margaret Crockford, Anna R Miller, Arlene Dalcin, Daniel S Bregaglio, Kanaan A Kanaani, Jasintha D’almeida, Fawaz H Alsharif, and Jon K Christensen

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Quality management, business.industry, Psychological intervention, Electronic medical record, Blood Pressure, Quality Improvement, law.invention, Blood pressure, Patient Education as Topic, Randomized controlled trial, law, Intervention (counseling), Hypertension, Internal Medicine, Physical therapy, Electronic Health Records, Humans, Medicine, Video assisted, business, Patient education
Abstract

BACKGROUND Low-cost, automated interventions that increase knowledge and skills around diet and lifestyle modifications are recommended for cardiovascular disease risk reduction. METHODS We initiated a quality improvement program to assess the impact of a web-based diet and lifestyle intervention utilizing short animated videos in adults with high blood pressure (BP) at a primary care clinic in Saudi Arabia. We enrolled adults with elevated BP, not on BP medications, who were identified using the electronic medical record. We delivered a web-linked diet and lifestyle intervention using animated videos covering diet and lifestyle topics. Videos and reminders were sent weekly for 5 weeks. Outcomes were proportion who engaged in the program, returned for a repeat BP within 3 months, and change in BP. RESULTS We enrolled 269 adult participants, with a mean (SD) age of 41.6 (12.4) years; 77% were male. At the conclusion of the pilot, we demonstrated a high level of engagement: overall, 69% of materials were viewed and 67% of patients returned for BP. Patients who returned had a mean (SD) baseline systolic BP of 138.0 (7.2) mm Hg and a large mean reduction in systolic BP from baseline, −10.5 mm Hg (12.4; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the feasibility of a video-assisted, web-based, diet and lifestyle intervention as a support tool for hypertension management demonstrated a high participation rate and a high return rate for reassessment of BP. These findings suggest that this low-cost, automated intervention may have a great potential as a scalable tool for blood pressure management. However, randomized trials to understanding the effectiveness of the support tools are needed.

Published
2021
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8. Clarifying space use concepts in ecology: range vs. occurrence distributions

Author

Alston, J., Fleming, C., Noonan, M., Tucker, M., Silva, I., Folta, C., Akre, T., Ali, A., Belant, J., Beyer, D., Blaum, N., Boehning-Gaese, K., Cunha De Paula, R., Dekker, J., Drescher-Lehman, J., Farwig, N., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Ford, A., Janssen, R., Jeltsch, F., Kappeler, P., Lapoint, S., Markham, A., Medici, P., Morato, R., Nathan, R., Olson, K., Patterson, B., Petroelje, T., Ramalho, E., Roesner, S., Santos, L., Schabo, D., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Spiegel, O., Ullman, W., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Wittemyer, G., Fagan, W., Mueller, T., (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J., Alston, J., Fleming, C., Noonan, M., Tucker, M., Silva, I., Folta, C., Akre, T., Ali, A., Belant, J., Beyer, D., Blaum, N., Boehning-Gaese, K., Cunha De Paula, R., Dekker, J., Drescher-Lehman, J., Farwig, N., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Ford, A., Janssen, R., Jeltsch, F., Kappeler, P., Lapoint, S., Markham, A., Medici, P., Morato, R., Nathan, R., Olson, K., Patterson, B., Petroelje, T., Ramalho, E., Roesner, S., Santos, L., Schabo, D., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Spiegel, O., Ullman, W., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Wittemyer, G., Fagan, W., Mueller, T., and (0000-0003-0575-6408) Calabrese, J.

Abstract

Quantifying animal movements is necessary for answering a wide array of research questions in ecology and conservation biology. Consequently, ecologists have made considerable efforts to identify the best way to estimate an animal’s home range, and many methods of estimating home ranges have arisen over the past half century. Most of these methods fall into two distinct categories of estimators that have only recently been described in statistical detail: those that measure range distributions (methods such as Kernel Density Estimation that quantify the long-run behavior of a movement process that features restricted space use) and those that measure occurrence distributions (methods such as Brownian Bridge Movement Models and the Correlated Random Walk Library that quantify uncertainty in an animal movement path during a specific period of observation). In this paper, we use theory, simulations, and empirical analysis to demonstrate the importance of applying these two classes of space use estimators appropriately and distinctly. Conflating range and occurrence distributions can have serious consequences for ecological inference and conservation practice. For example, in most situations, home-range estimates quantified using occurrence estimators are too small, and this problem is exacerbated by ongoing improvements in tracking technology that enable more frequent and more accurate data on animal movements. We encourage researchers to use range estimators to estimate the area of home ranges and occurrence estimators to answer other questions in movement ecology, such as when and where an animal crosses a linear feature, visits a location of interest, or interacts with other animals.

Published
2022

9. Evaluating expert-based habitat suitability information of terrestrial mammals with GPS-tracking data

Author

Broekman, M.J.E., Hilbers, J.P., Huijbregts, M.A.J., Mueller, T., Ali, A.H., Andren, H., Altmann, J., Aronsson, M., Attias, N., Bartlam-Brooks, H.L.A., van Beest, F.M., Belant, J.L., Beyer, D.E., Bidner, L., Blaum, N., Boone, R.B., Boyce, M.S., Brown, M.B., Cagnacci, F., Cerne, R., Chamaille-Jammes, S., Dejid, N., Dekker, J., Desbiez, A.L.J., Diaz-Munoz, S.L., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Fisher, J.T., Fischhoff, I, Ford, A.T., Fryxell, J.M., Gehr, B., Goheen, J.R., Hauptfleisch, M., Hewison, A.J.M., Hering, R., Heurich, M., Isbell, L.A., Janssen, R., Jeltsch, F., Kaczensky, P., Kappeler, P.M., Krofel, M., LaPoint, S., Latham, A.D.M., Linnell, J.D.C., Markham, A.C., Mattisson, J., Medici, E.P., de Miranda Mourao, G., Van Moorter, B., Morato, R.G., Morellet, N., Mysterud, A., Ndambuki, S., Odden, J., Olson, K.A., Ornicans, A., Pagon, N., Panzacchi, M., Persson, J., Petroelje, T., Rolandsen, C.M., Roshier, D., Rubenstein, D.I., Said, S., Salemgareyev, A.R., Sawyer, H., Schmidt, N.M., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Stewart, F.E.C., Stiegler, J., Strand, O., Sundaresan, S., Svoboda, N.J., Ullmann, W., Voigt, U., Wall, J., Wikelski, M., Wilmers, C.C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Schipper, A.M., Tucker, M.A., Broekman, M.J.E., Hilbers, J.P., Huijbregts, M.A.J., Mueller, T., Ali, A.H., Andren, H., Altmann, J., Aronsson, M., Attias, N., Bartlam-Brooks, H.L.A., van Beest, F.M., Belant, J.L., Beyer, D.E., Bidner, L., Blaum, N., Boone, R.B., Boyce, M.S., Brown, M.B., Cagnacci, F., Cerne, R., Chamaille-Jammes, S., Dejid, N., Dekker, J., Desbiez, A.L.J., Diaz-Munoz, S.L., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Fisher, J.T., Fischhoff, I, Ford, A.T., Fryxell, J.M., Gehr, B., Goheen, J.R., Hauptfleisch, M., Hewison, A.J.M., Hering, R., Heurich, M., Isbell, L.A., Janssen, R., Jeltsch, F., Kaczensky, P., Kappeler, P.M., Krofel, M., LaPoint, S., Latham, A.D.M., Linnell, J.D.C., Markham, A.C., Mattisson, J., Medici, E.P., de Miranda Mourao, G., Van Moorter, B., Morato, R.G., Morellet, N., Mysterud, A., Ndambuki, S., Odden, J., Olson, K.A., Ornicans, A., Pagon, N., Panzacchi, M., Persson, J., Petroelje, T., Rolandsen, C.M., Roshier, D., Rubenstein, D.I., Said, S., Salemgareyev, A.R., Sawyer, H., Schmidt, N.M., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Stabach, J., Stacy-Dawes, J., Stewart, F.E.C., Stiegler, J., Strand, O., Sundaresan, S., Svoboda, N.J., Ullmann, W., Voigt, U., Wall, J., Wikelski, M., Wilmers, C.C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Schipper, A.M., and Tucker, M.A.

Abstract

17 juni 2022, Contains fulltext : 252380.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), In our paper "Evaluating expert-based habitat suitability information of terrestrial mammals with GPS-tracking data" (Global Ecology and Biogeography) we use GPS tracking data from 1,498 from 49 different species to evaluate the expert-based habitat suitability data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Therefore, we used the GPS tracking data to estimate two measures of habitat suitability for each individual animal and habitat type: proportional habitat use (proportion of GPS locations within a habitat type), and selection ratio (habitat use relative to its availability). For each individual we then evaluated whether the GPS-based habitat suitability measures were in agreement with the IUCN data. To that end, we calculated the probability that the ranking of empirical habitat suitability measures was in agreement with IUCN’s classification into suitable, marginal and unsuitable habitat types. Our results showed that IUCN habitat suitability data were in accordance with the GPS data (>95% probability of agreement) for 33 out of 49 species based on proportional habitat use estimates and for 25 out of 49 species based on selection ratios. In addition, 37 and 34 species had a >50% probability of agreement based on proportional habitat use and selection ratios, respectively. These findings indicate that for the majority of species included in this study, it is appropriate to use IUCN habitat suitability data in macroecological studies. Furthermore, our study shows that GPS tracking data can be used to identify and prioritize species and habitat types for re-evaluation of IUCN habitat suitability data. In this dataset we provide the measures of habitat suitability for each individual and each habitat type, calculated using different methods. In addition, we provide data on the body mass and IUCN Red List category of the species, as well as whether the species can be considered a habitat specialist or habitat generalist.

Published
2022

10. Evaluation of a Video-Assisted Patient Education Program to Reduce Blood Pressure Delivered Through the Electronic Medical Record: Results of a Quality Improvement Project

Author

Miller, Edgar R, primary, Alzahrani, Haitham A, additional, Bregaglio, Daniel S, additional, Christensen, Jon K, additional, Palmer, Sarah L, additional, Alsharif, Fawaz H, additional, Matroud, Ashwaq S, additional, Kanaani, Kanaan A, additional, Sunbul, Tamara J, additional, D’almeida, Jasintha, additional, Morrissey, Sinéad, additional, Crockford, Margaret, additional, Rajanayagam, Selva N, additional, Sarhan, Ahlam A, additional, Azmi, Wafa H, additional, Miller, Anna R, additional, Vrany, Elizabeth A, additional, Al Natour, Shahed, additional, Dalcin, Arlene T, additional, Ghamdi, Mohammed J, additional, and Appel, Lawrence J, additional

Published
2021
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11. Scavenging in the Anthropocene: Human impact drives vertebrate scavenger species richness at a global scale

Author

Sebastián-González, E, primary, Barbosa, JM, primary, Pérez-García, JM, primary, Morales-Reyes, Z, primary, Botella, F, primary, Olea, PP, primary, Mateo-Tomás, P, primary, Moleón, M, primary, Hiraldo, F, primary, Arrondo, E, primary, Donázar, JA, primary, Cortés-Avizanda, A, primary, Selva, N, primary, Lambertucci, SA, primary, Bhattacharjee, A, primary, Brewer, A, primary, Anadón, JD, primary, Abernethy, E, primary, Rhodes, OE, primary, Turner, K, primary, Beasley, JC, primary, DeVault, TL, primary, Ordiz, A, primary, Wikenros, C, primary, Zimmermann, B, primary, Wabakken, P, primary, Wilmers, CC, primary, Smith, JA, primary, Kendall, CJ, primary, Ogada, D, primary, Buechley, ER, primary, Frehner, E, primary, Allen, ML, primary, Wittmer, Heiko, primary, Butler, JRA, primary, Toit, JT du, primary, Read, J, primary, Wilson, D, primary, Jerina, K, primary, Krofel, M, primary, Kostecke, R, primary, Inger, R, primary, Samson, A, primary, Naves-Alegre, L, primary, and Sánchez-Zapata, JA, primary

Published
2020
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12. Right on track?

Author

Hofman, Maarten P. G., Hayward, M. W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C. M., Mattisson, Jenny, Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, N., Voigt, Ulrich, Allen, B. L., Gehr, Benedikt, Rouco Zufiaurre, Carlos, Ullmann, Wiebke (Dr.), Holand, O., Jorgensen, n H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J. C., Palmegiani, I, Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J. D. C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M. L. S., Oshima, J. E. F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., Mc Bride, R. T., Thompson, J. J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, Christophe, Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, Dietmar, Yarnell, Richard, Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, Maria, Vanak, A. T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M. R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J. A., Nifong, J. C., Odden, J., Quigley, H. B., Tortato, F., Parker, D. M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I, Bean, W. T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K. J., Karpanty, S., Licoppe, A., Menges, V, Black, K., Scheppers, Thomas L., Schai-Braun, S. C., Azevedo, F. C., Lemos, F. G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L. H., Weckworth, B., Berger, A., Bertassoni, Alessandra, McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V, Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, M. S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, Hüseyin, Berzins, R., Kappeler, P. M., Mann, G. K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, Larissa, Welch, R. J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O. R., Gonzalez, T. M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., and Balkenhol, N.

Subjects
ddc:590, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019

13. Effects of body size on estimation of mammalian area requirements

Author

Noonan, M.J., Fleming, C.H., Tucker, M.A., Kays, R., Harrison, A.L., Crofoot, M.C., Abrahms, B., Alberts, S.C., Ali, A.H., Altmann, J., Antunes, P.C., Attias, N., Belant, J.L., Beyer, D.E., Jr., Bidner, L.R., Blaum, N., Boone, R.B., Caillaud, D., Paula, R.C. de, Torre, J.A. de la, Dekker, J., DePerno, C.S., Farhadinia, M., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Ford, A., Goheen, J.R., Havmoller, R.W., Hirsch, B.T., Hurtado, C., Isbell, L.A., Janssen, Rene, Jeltsch, F., Kaczensky, P., Kaneko, Y., Kappeler, P., Katna, A., Kauffman, M., Koch, F., Kulkarni, A., LaPoint, S., Leimgruber, P., Macdonald, D.W., Markham, A.C., McMahon, L., Mertes, K., Moorman, C.E., Morato, R.G., Mossbrucker, A.M., Mourao, G., O'Connor, D., Oliveira-Santos, L.G.R., Pastorini, J., Patterson, B.D., Rachlow, J., Ranglack, D.H., Reid, N., Scantlebury, D.M., Scott, D.M., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Songer, M., Songsasen, N., Stabach, J.A., Stacy-Dawes, J., Swingen, M.B., Thompson, J.J., Ullmann, W., Vanak, A.T., Thaker, M., Wilson, J.W., Yamazaki, K., Yarnell, R.W., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Fagan, W.F., Mueller, T., Calabrese, J.M., Noonan, M.J., Fleming, C.H., Tucker, M.A., Kays, R., Harrison, A.L., Crofoot, M.C., Abrahms, B., Alberts, S.C., Ali, A.H., Altmann, J., Antunes, P.C., Attias, N., Belant, J.L., Beyer, D.E., Jr., Bidner, L.R., Blaum, N., Boone, R.B., Caillaud, D., Paula, R.C. de, Torre, J.A. de la, Dekker, J., DePerno, C.S., Farhadinia, M., Fennessy, J., Fichtel, C., Fischer, C., Ford, A., Goheen, J.R., Havmoller, R.W., Hirsch, B.T., Hurtado, C., Isbell, L.A., Janssen, Rene, Jeltsch, F., Kaczensky, P., Kaneko, Y., Kappeler, P., Katna, A., Kauffman, M., Koch, F., Kulkarni, A., LaPoint, S., Leimgruber, P., Macdonald, D.W., Markham, A.C., McMahon, L., Mertes, K., Moorman, C.E., Morato, R.G., Mossbrucker, A.M., Mourao, G., O'Connor, D., Oliveira-Santos, L.G.R., Pastorini, J., Patterson, B.D., Rachlow, J., Ranglack, D.H., Reid, N., Scantlebury, D.M., Scott, D.M., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Songer, M., Songsasen, N., Stabach, J.A., Stacy-Dawes, J., Swingen, M.B., Thompson, J.J., Ullmann, W., Vanak, A.T., Thaker, M., Wilson, J.W., Yamazaki, K., Yarnell, R.W., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Fagan, W.F., Mueller, T., and Calabrese, J.M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 226766.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)

Published
2020

16. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hayward, M.W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C.M., Mattisson, J., Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, Nicolas, Voigt, U., Allen, B.L., Gehr, B., Rouco, C., Ullmann, W., Holand, O., Jorgensen, N.H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J.C., Palmegiani, I., Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J.D.C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M.L.S., Oshima, J.E.F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., Mc Bride, R.T., Thompson, J.J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, C., Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, D., Yarnell, R., Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, M., Vanak, A.T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M.R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J.A., Nifong, J.C., Odden, J., Quigley, H.B., Tortato, F., Parker, D.M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I., Bean, W.T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K.J., Karpanty, S., Licoppe, A., Menges, V., Black, K., Scheppers, T.L., Schai-Braun, S.C., Azevedo, F.C., Lemos, F.G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L.H., Weckworth, B., Berger, A., Bertassoni, A., McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V., Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, M. S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, H., Berzins, R., Kappeler, P.M., Mann, G.K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, L., Welch, R.J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O.R., Gonzalez, T.M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., Balkenhol, N., and Hofman, M.P.G.

Subjects
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM, GPS-TELEMETRY, COLLAR PERFORMANCE, FIX SUCCESS, R PACKAGE, HABITAT, BEHAVIOR, SELECTION, LOCATION, PATTERNS
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019

17. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hofman, MPG, Hayward, MW, Heim, M, Marchand, P, Rolandsen, CM, Mattisson, J, Urbano, F, Heurich, M, Mysterud, A, Melzheimer, J, Morellet, N, Voigt, U, Allen, BL, Gehr, B, Rouco, C, Ullmann, W, Holand, Ø, Jørgensen, NH, Steinheim, G, Cagnacci, F, Kroeschel, M, Kaczensky, P, Buuveibaatar, B, Payne, JC, Palmegiani, I, Jerina, K, Kjellander, P, Johansson, Ö, Lapoint, S, Bayrakcismith, R, Linnell, JDC, Zaccaroni, M, Jorge, MLS, Oshima, JEF, Songhurst, A, Fischer, C, Bride, RT, Thompson, JJ, Streif, S, Sandfort, R, Bonenfant, C, Drouilly, M, Klapproth, M, Zinner, D, Yarnell, R, Stronza, A, Wilmott, L, Meisingset, E, Thaker, M, Vanak, AT, Nicoloso, S, Graeber, R, Said, S, Boudreau, MR, Devlin, A, Hoogesteijn, R, May-Junior, JA, Nifong, JC, Odden, J, Quigley, HB, Tortato, F, Parker, DM, Caso, A, Perrine, J, Tellaeche, C, Zieba, F, Zwijacz-Kozica, T, Appel, CL, Axsom, I, Bean, WT, Cristescu, B, Périquet, S, Teichman, KJ, Karpanty, S, Licoppe, A, Menges, V, Black, K, Scheppers, TL, Schai-Braun, SC, Azevedo, FC, Lemos, FG, Payne, A, Swanepoel, LH, Weckworth, BV, Berger, A, Bertassoni, A, McCulloch, G, Šustr, P, Athreya, V, Bockmuhl, D, Casaer, J, Ekori, A, Melovski, D, Richard-Hansen, C, Van De Vyver, D, Reyna-Hurtado, R, Robardet, E, Selva, N, Sergiel, A, Farhadinia, MS, Sunde, P, Portas, R, Ambarli, H, Berzins, R, Kappeler, PM, Mann, GK, Pyritz, L, Bissett, C, Grant, T, Steinmetz, R, Swedell, L, Welch, RJ, Armenteras, D, Bidder, OR, González, TM, Rosenblatt, A, Kachel, S, Balkenhol, N, University of Goettingen, Bangor University, Nelson Mandela University, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Université Grenoble Alpes, University of Freiburg, Bavarian Forest National Park, University of Oslo, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, INRA, University of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Zurich, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landcare Research, Universidad de Córdoba, University of Potsdam, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Forest Research Institute of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Mongolia Program, Biotechnical Faculty, Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Snow Leopard Trust, Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology, Columbia University, Panthera, University of Florence, Vanderbilt University, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Ecoexist, University of Oxford, Texas A and M University, D’Ingenierie et d’Architecture de Geneve, Faro Maro Ecoresearch, Guyra Paraguay—CONACYT, Instituto Saite, Ronin Institute, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Cape Town, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Brackenhurst Campus, Office of Environment and Heritage, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, DBT India Alliance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, D.R.E.Am. Italia, Unités Ongulés Sauvages, Trent University, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, University of Santa Catarina, Onçafari, Environmental Laboratory, Rhodes University, University of Mpumalanga, Ministery of Environment and Natural Resources of Mexico, Alianza Nacional Para la Conservacion del Jaguar A.C., California Polytechnic State University, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy–CONICET, Tatra National Park, Humboldt State University, South Africa, Main Camp Research, University of British Columbia, Virginia Tech., Service Public de Wallonie, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Fazenda Limoeiro, University of Venda, Instituto de Pesquisa e Conservação de Tamanduás no Brasil, Global Change Research Institute CAS, Wildlife Conservation Society—India, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Macedonian Ecological Society, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Université de Guyane), El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, ANSES Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aarhus University, Duzce University, WWF Thailand, City University of New York, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, University of California, University of North Florida, University of Washington, University of Newcastle, Black Rock Forest, Sequoia Riverlands Trust, Ongava Research Centre, Scientific Services, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques (CETIM), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques - Cetim (FRANCE), Department of Research and Documentation, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Animal and Man Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Université de Lyon, Office Nationale de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centro de Engenharia Biologica e Quimica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), SOPTOM, CRCC Centre for Research and Conservation of Chelonians, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Life Cycle Strategies, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, and Fish and Wildlife Conservation

Subjects
Questionnaires, SELECTION, Forests, Wildlife, Data acquisition, Temperate forests, Animal performance, Data reduction, Global positioning system, Movement ecology, Telemetry, R PACKAGE, Spacecraft, HABITAT, Animal Management, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Ecology, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Terrestrial Environments, Navigation, GPS-TELEMETRY, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Data Acquisition, Research Design, Engineering and Technology, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Medicine, Temperate Forests, Information Technology, BEHAVIOR, Research Article, Environmental Monitoring, Computer and Information Sciences, Animals, Animals, Wild, Ecosystem, Geographic Information Systems, Animal Types, Science, GPS telemetry, Research and Analysis Methods, Ecosystems, COLLAR PERFORMANCE, FIX SUCCESS, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, LOCATION, Animal Performance, GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM, Survey Research, Science & Technology, Bio-logging, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Data Reduction, Wildlife conservation, PATTERNS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Zoology
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers. Forest and Nature for Society (FONASO) Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme [2013-09] University of Goettingen Norwegian Environment Agency Research Council of Norway [212919] Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Messerli Foundation, WWF Landcare Research Ltd New Zealand TBfree New Zealand (AHB project) [R10737] Norwegian Research Counsil, Smafefondet, NMBU Research Council of Norway Federal State of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Landesjagdabgabe) Wildlife Conservation Society Swedish Environmental Protection Agency private foundation "Marie Clair Cronstedts stiftelse" NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment [NNX15AV92A] National Geographic Society Waitt Grant Program [W157-110] FAPESP [2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2] CNPq [312045/2013-1, 312292/2016-3, 161089/2014-3] Silicon Valley Community Foundation The Overbrook Foundation International ReSource Award WCS Brasil Vanderbilt University PROCAD/CAPES [88881.068425/2014-01] MLSJ Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo Fapesp [2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2] Projeto Pecarideos - WCS Brasil Howard G Buffett Foundation Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia -CONACYT Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) [814274, 834118] Leobner Realgemeinschaft Forstbetrieb Kletschach WWF Nedbank Green Trust [GT 2251] DFG [Fi707/9-1/DFG Zi548/6-1/DAAD (D/12/41834), FI707/9-1, ZI548/6-1] DAAD [D/12/41834] Nottingham Trent University The Howard G. Buffett Foundation ISRO-IISc Space Technology Cell Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance and Space Technology Cell, Indian Institute of Science Lower Saxony Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection Panthera Kaplan Graduate Award Bank of America Reindeer Development Fund in Norway Rhodes University Robin Hurt Wildlife Foundation Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute Wildlife Conservation Network Humboldt State University HSU Marine and Coastal Science Initiative Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship The Cape Leopard Trust Conservation South Africa South African National Parks HERD project (Hwange Environmental Research Development) - Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FEAR project) [ANR-08-BLAN-0022] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Programme Zones Ateliers) National Geographic Society [C151-08] NSERC CGS D U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Service public de Wallonie Direction generale de l'Agriculture, des Ressources naturelles et de l'Environnement U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Parrotia-Stiftung Stiftung Dr. Joachim de Giacomi Basler Stiftung fur biologische Forschung Messerli Stiftung Carl Burger Stiftung CIC Schweiz CIC Deutschland Paul Schiller Stiftung Karl Mayer Stiftung Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia Ministere de l'Agriculture de l'Agroalimentaire et de la Foret Conseil Regional de Bourgogne Conseil General de la Cote d'Or Federation Departementale des Chasseurs de Cote d'Or Groupement de Defense Sanitaire de Cote d'Or Federation Nationale des Chasseurs Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage South African National Research Foundation [107099] Sao Paulo Research Foundation [FAPESP 2013/04957-8, FAPESP 2013/18526-9] MAVA Foundation, Switzerland The Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation) Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) Project GLOBE - Polish-Norwegian Research Programme [POLNOR/198352/85/2013] ASer: Norway Grants under the Polish-Norwegian Research Program [POL-NOR/198352/85/2013] The People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES) Zoologische Gesellschaft fur Arten-und Populationsschutz (ZGAP) Iranian Cheetah Society Quagga Conservation Fund IdeaWild Association Francaise des Parcs Zoologiques (AFdPZ) DEAL (Direction de l'Environnement de l'Amenagement et du Logement) de Guyane CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) The Nedbank WWF Green Trust The International Foundation for Science Cape Leopard Trust German Research Foundation [DFG: KA 1082/16-1] The Wildlife and Reserve Management Research Group (WRMRG) International Foundation for Science (IFS) Safari Club International Foundation (SCIF) The Rufford Small Grants Foundation Ernst & Ethel Eriksen Trust WWF Sweden Leakey Foundation National Geographic Society WennerGren Foundation Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias, Project "Efecto de la presencia de saladosnaturales en la distribucion y uso de habitat de la danta de tier-ras bajas (Tapirus terrestris) en las amazonas colombiano" [1101569-33286, 0385-2013] Alexander von Humboldt Foundation NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DEG-125608] Sustainability East Asia LLC - SEA Amarula Trust National Geographic Earthwatch Institute World Wildlife Fund for Nature Columbus Zoo California North Coast Chapter of The Wildlife Society Sequoia Park Zoo Foundation Anses This work was supported by: Forest and Nature for Society (FONASO) Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme (CONTRACT NO. 2013-09) to MPGH, Publication costs were covered by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Goettingen; The Norwegian Environment Agency, the Research Council of Norway (project 212919), Norwegian Institute for Nature Research to JM; Messerli Foundation, WWF to JMel; CRou: The author was supported in the form of salary by a postdoctoral grant funded by Landcare Research Ltd New Zealand and data provided was funded by research project grant from TBfree New Zealand (AHB project number R10737). Norwegian Research Counsil, Smafefondet, NMBU to NHJ; The Research Council of Norway to GS; Federal State of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Landesjagdabgabe) to MK; Funding for the capture and collaring of khulan was received from Wildlife Conservation Society, administered through a cooperative agreement with Sustainability East Asia LLC - SEA and originating from Oy Du Tolgoi -OT gold and copper mining company to PK; Swedish fieldwork was supported by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and by the private foundation "Marie Clair Cronstedts stiftelse" to PKje; NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (project #NNX15AV92A), National Geographic Society Waitt Grant Program (Grant #W157-110) to SL; Research Council of Norway to JDCL; FAPESP (2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2), CNPq (312045/2013-1; 312292/2016-3; 161089/2014-3), Silicon Valley Community Foundation, The Overbrook Foundation, the International ReSource Award, WCS Brasil, and Vanderbilt University. PROCAD/CAPES (88881.068425/2014-01); MLSJ Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo Fapesp (process: 2013/50421-2 and scholarship: 2014/23132-2) and CNPQ (scholarship: 161089/2014-3), Projeto Pecarideos - WCS Brasil and Vanderbilt University for funding this research to JEFO.; Howard G Buffett Foundation, Amarula Trust to AS; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia -CONACYT with resources from the FEE to JJT; Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) grant numbers 814274 and 834118, Leobner Realgemeinschaft and Forstbetrieb Kletschach to RS; WWF Nedbank Green Trust (grant number GT 2251) to MD; DFG Fi707/9-1/DFG Zi548/6-1/DAAD (D/12/41834) to MKla; DFG FI707/9-1, DFG ZI548/6-1, DAAD D/12/41834 to DZ; GPS tags were funded by Nottingham Trent University, National Geographic, Earthwatch Institute, World Wildlife Fund for Nature, Columbus Zoo to RY; The Howard G. Buffett Foundation to AStr; ISRO-IISc Space Technology Cell to MT; Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance and Space Technology Cell, Indian Institute of Science to ATV; D.R.E. Am. Italia provided support in the form of salary for author SN, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific role of this author is articulated in the 'author contributions' section.; RG was supported by funds of the Lower Saxony Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection; Panthera Kaplan Graduate Award to AD; Bank of America to JAM; The Norwegian Environment Agency, the Research Council of Norway (Project 212919), the Reindeer Development Fund in Norway, and several County administrations around Norway to JO; Rhodes University to DMP; Robin Hurt Wildlife Foundation, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute to AC; Wildlife Conservation Network, Panthera to CT; Humboldt State University, HSU Marine and Coastal Science Initiative, California North Coast Chapter of The Wildlife Society, Sequoia Park Zoo Foundation to CLA; Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant to IA; Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant to WTB; Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship, The Cape Leopard Trust, Conservation South Africa, South African National Parks to BC; GPS collars were funded by the HERD project (Hwange Environmental Research Development), funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FEAR project ANR-08-BLAN-0022), and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Programme Zones Ateliers). Some collars were funded by the National Geographic Society GRANT #C151-08 to SP; NSERC CGS D to KJT; SK: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to SK; Service public de Wallonie. Direction generale de l'Agriculture, des Ressources naturelles et de l'Environnement to AL; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to KB; Parrotia-Stiftung, Stiftung Dr. Joachim de Giacomi, Basler Stiftung fur biologische Forschung, Messerli Stiftung, Carl Burger Stiftung, CIC Schweiz, CIC Deutschland, Paul Schiller Stiftung and Karl Mayer Stiftung to SCS; Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia to FCA; Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia to FGL; Ministere de l'Agriculture de l'Agroalimentaire et de la Foret, the Conseil Regional de Bourgogne, the Conseil General de la Cote d'Or, the Federation Departementale des Chasseurs de Cote d'Or, the Groupement de Defense Sanitaire de Cote d'Or, the Federation Nationale des Chasseurs and the Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage to AP.; ; South African National Research Foundation (Grant number: 107099) to LHS; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP 2013/04957-8 and FAPESP 2013/18526-9) to ABer; MAVA Foundation, Switzerland; The Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation) to DM; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) to CRic; Anses to ER; Project GLOBE (POLNOR/198352/85/2013) funded by the Polish-Norwegian Research Programme operated by the National Centre for Research and Development; ASer: Norway Grants under the Polish-Norwegian Research Program operated by the National Centre for Research and Development (GLOBE, POL-NOR/198352/85/2013) to NS; The People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES), Zoologische Gesellschaft fur Arten-und Populationsschutz (ZGAP), Iranian Cheetah Society, Quagga Conservation Fund, IdeaWild, Panthera and Association Francaise des Parcs Zoologiques (AFdPZ) to MSF; DEAL (Direction de l'Environnement de l'Amenagement et du Logement) de Guyane, CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) to RBer; The Nedbank WWF Green Trust, The International Foundation for Science, the Cape Leopard Trust, Rhodes University to GKM; German Research Foundation (DFG: KA 1082/16-1) to LP; The Wildlife and Reserve Management Research Group (WRMRG), International Foundation for Science (IFS), Safari Club International Foundation (SCIF), The Rufford Small Grants Foundation, Ernst & Ethel Eriksen Trust to TG; WWF Sweden to RSte; Leakey Foundation, National Geographic Society, WennerGren Foundation to LS; Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias, Project "Efecto de la presencia de saladosnaturales en la distribucion y uso de habitat de la danta de tier-ras bajas (Tapirus terrestris) en las amazonas colombiano" (grantnumber 1101569-33286, contract: 0385-2013) to DA; PostDoctoral Fellowship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation to ORB; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DEG-125608 to SKac. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We thank Horst Reinecke and Christian Trothe for database management and data entry, and James Gibbons, Matthias Schmid and Benjamin Hofner for their enlightening explanations on the statistics. We thank Stan Tomkiewicz for insightful discussion on GPS collar functioning, and the Eurodeer. org network, Sarah Davidson of Movebank. org, and Stephanie O'Donnell of WILDLABS. NET for helping to spread the word about this study. We also thank Jonah Gula, Olav Strand, Ole Roer, Liu Yanlin, Bernt-Erik Saether, Anders Borstad, Laura McMahon, Thomas Morrison, Maurizio Ramanzin, Vebjorn Veiberg, Erling Johan Solberg, Leif Soennichsen, Hans Christian Pedersen, Tom McCarthy, Jacqueline L. Frair, Siobhan Dyer, Morten Odden, Lars Haugaard, and Peter G. Crawshaw, Jr. for their data contributions. The publication was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Goettingen.

Published
2019
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18. Phenology of brown bear breeding season and related geographical cues

Author

García-Rodríguez, A., primary, Rigg, R., additional, Elguero-Claramunt, I., additional, Bojarska, K., additional, Krofel, M., additional, Parchizadeh, J., additional, Pataky, T., additional, Seryodkin, I., additional, Skuban, M., additional, Wabakken, P., additional, Zięba, F., additional, Zwijacz-Kozica, T., additional, and Selva, N., additional

Published
2020
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20. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hofman, M. P. G., Hayward, M. W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C. M., Mattisson, J., Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, N., Voigt, U., Allen, B. L., Gehr, B., Rouco, C., Ullmann, W., Holand, O., Jorgensen, n H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J. C., Palmegiani, I., Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J. D. C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M. L. S., Oshima, J. E. F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., McBride, R. T. Jr., Thompson, J. J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, C., Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, D., Yarnell, R., Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, M., Vanak, A. T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M. R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J. A., Nifong, J. C., Odden, J., Quigley, Howard B., Tortato, F., Parker, D. M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I., Bean, W. T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K. J., Karpanty, Sarah M., Licoppe, A., Menges, V., Black, K., Scheppers, T. L., Schai-Braun, S. C., Azevedo, F. C., Lemos, F. G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L. H., Weckworth, B., V., Berger, A., Bertassoni, A., McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V., Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, Mohammad S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, H., Berzins, R., Kappeler, P. M., Mann, G. K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, L., Welch, R. J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O. R., Gonzalez, T. M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., Balkenhol, N., Hofman, M. P. G., Hayward, M. W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C. M., Mattisson, J., Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, N., Voigt, U., Allen, B. L., Gehr, B., Rouco, C., Ullmann, W., Holand, O., Jorgensen, n H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J. C., Palmegiani, I., Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J. D. C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M. L. S., Oshima, J. E. F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., McBride, R. T. Jr., Thompson, J. J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, C., Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, D., Yarnell, R., Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, M., Vanak, A. T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M. R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J. A., Nifong, J. C., Odden, J., Quigley, Howard B., Tortato, F., Parker, D. M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I., Bean, W. T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K. J., Karpanty, Sarah M., Licoppe, A., Menges, V., Black, K., Scheppers, T. L., Schai-Braun, S. C., Azevedo, F. C., Lemos, F. G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L. H., Weckworth, B., V., Berger, A., Bertassoni, A., McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V., Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, Mohammad S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, H., Berzins, R., Kappeler, P. M., Mann, G. K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, L., Welch, R. J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O. R., Gonzalez, T. M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., and Balkenhol, N.

Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019
Full Text
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21. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Hofman, M. P. G., Hayward, M. W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C. M., Mattisson, J., Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, N., Voigt, U., Allen, B. L., Gehr, B., Rouco, C., Ullmann, W., Holand, O., Jorgensen, n H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J. C., Palmegiani, I., Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J. D. C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M. L. S., Oshima, J. E. F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., McBride, R. T. Jr., Thompson, J. J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, C., Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, D., Yarnell, R., Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, M., Vanak, A. T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M. R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J. A., Nifong, J. C., Odden, J., Quigley, Howard B., Tortato, F., Parker, D. M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I., Bean, W. T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K. J., Karpanty, Sarah M., Licoppe, A., Menges, V., Black, K., Scheppers, T. L., Schai-Braun, S. C., Azevedo, F. C., Lemos, F. G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L. H., Weckworth, B., V., Berger, A., Bertassoni, A., McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V., Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, Mohammad S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, H., Berzins, R., Kappeler, P. M., Mann, G. K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, L., Welch, R. J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O. R., Gonzalez, T. M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., Balkenhol, N., Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Hofman, M. P. G., Hayward, M. W., Heim, M., Marchand, P., Rolandsen, C. M., Mattisson, J., Urbano, F., Heurich, M., Mysterud, A., Melzheimer, J., Morellet, N., Voigt, U., Allen, B. L., Gehr, B., Rouco, C., Ullmann, W., Holand, O., Jorgensen, n H., Steinheim, G., Cagnacci, F., Kroeschel, M., Kaczensky, P., Buuveibaatar, B., Payne, J. C., Palmegiani, I., Jerina, K., Kjellander, P., Johansson, O., LaPoint, S., Bayrakcismith, R., Linnell, J. D. C., Zaccaroni, M., Jorge, M. L. S., Oshima, J. E. F., Songhurst, A., Fischer, C., McBride, R. T. Jr., Thompson, J. J., Streif, S., Sandfort, R., Bonenfant, C., Drouilly, M., Klapproth, M., Zinner, D., Yarnell, R., Stronza, A., Wilmott, L., Meisingset, E., Thaker, M., Vanak, A. T., Nicoloso, S., Graeber, R., Said, S., Boudreau, M. R., Devlin, A., Hoogesteijn, R., May-Junior, J. A., Nifong, J. C., Odden, J., Quigley, Howard B., Tortato, F., Parker, D. M., Caso, A., Perrine, J., Tellaeche, C., Zieba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Appel, C. L., Axsom, I., Bean, W. T., Cristescu, B., Periquet, S., Teichman, K. J., Karpanty, Sarah M., Licoppe, A., Menges, V., Black, K., Scheppers, T. L., Schai-Braun, S. C., Azevedo, F. C., Lemos, F. G., Payne, A., Swanepoel, L. H., Weckworth, B., V., Berger, A., Bertassoni, A., McCulloch, G., Sustr, P., Athreya, V., Bockmuhl, D., Casaer, J., Ekori, A., Melovski, D., Richard-Hansen, C., van de Vyver, D., Reyna-Hurtado, R., Robardet, E., Selva, N., Sergiel, A., Farhadinia, Mohammad S., Sunde, P., Portas, R., Ambarli, H., Berzins, R., Kappeler, P. M., Mann, G. K., Pyritz, L., Bissett, C., Grant, T., Steinmetz, R., Swedell, L., Welch, R. J., Armenteras, D., Bidder, O. R., Gonzalez, T. M., Rosenblatt, A., Kachel, S., and Balkenhol, N.

Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019

22. Moving in the Anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements

Author

Tucker, MA, Böhning-Gaese, K, Fagan, WF, Fryxell, JM, Van Moorter, B, Alberts, SC, Ali, AH, Allen, AM, Attias, N, Avgar, T, Bartlam-Brooks, H, Bayarbaatar, B, Belant, JL, Bertassoni, A, Beyer, D, Bidner, L, Van Beest, FM, Blake, S, Blaum, N, Bracis, C, Brown, D, De Bruyn, PJN, Cagnacci, F, Calabrese, JM, Camilo-Alves, C, Chamaillé-Jammes, S, Chiaradia, A, Davidson, SC, Dennis, T, DeStefano, S, Diefenbach, D, Douglas-Hamilton, I, Fennessy, J, Fichtel, C, Fiedler, W, Fischer, C, Fischhoff, I, Fleming, CH, Ford, AT, Fritz, SA, Gehr, B, Goheen, JR, Gurarie, E, Hebblewhite, M, Heurich, M, Hewison, AJM, Hof, C, Hurme, E, Isbell, LA, Janssen, R, Jeltsch, F, Kaczensky, P, Kane, A, Kappeler, PM, Kauffman, M, Kays, R, Kimuyu, D, Koch, F, Kranstauber, B, LaPoint, S, Leimgruber, P, Linnell, JDC, López-López, P, Markham, AC, Mattisson, J, Medici, EP, Mellone, U, Merrill, E, De MirandaMourão, G, Morato, RG, Morellet, N, Morrison, TA, Díaz-Muñoz, SL, Mysterud, A, Nandintsetseg, D, Nathan, R, Niamir, A, Odden, J, O'Hara, RB, Oliveira-Santos, LGR, Olson, KA, Patterson, BD, De Paula, RC, Pedrotti, L, Reineking, B, Rimmler, M, Rogers, TL, Rolandsen, CM, Rosenberry, CS, Rubenstein, DI, Safi, K, Saïd, S, Sapir, N, Sawyer, H, Schmidt, NM, Selva, N, Sergiel, A, Shiilegdamba, E, Silva, JP, Singh, N, Tucker, MA, Böhning-Gaese, K, Fagan, WF, Fryxell, JM, Van Moorter, B, Alberts, SC, Ali, AH, Allen, AM, Attias, N, Avgar, T, Bartlam-Brooks, H, Bayarbaatar, B, Belant, JL, Bertassoni, A, Beyer, D, Bidner, L, Van Beest, FM, Blake, S, Blaum, N, Bracis, C, Brown, D, De Bruyn, PJN, Cagnacci, F, Calabrese, JM, Camilo-Alves, C, Chamaillé-Jammes, S, Chiaradia, A, Davidson, SC, Dennis, T, DeStefano, S, Diefenbach, D, Douglas-Hamilton, I, Fennessy, J, Fichtel, C, Fiedler, W, Fischer, C, Fischhoff, I, Fleming, CH, Ford, AT, Fritz, SA, Gehr, B, Goheen, JR, Gurarie, E, Hebblewhite, M, Heurich, M, Hewison, AJM, Hof, C, Hurme, E, Isbell, LA, Janssen, R, Jeltsch, F, Kaczensky, P, Kane, A, Kappeler, PM, Kauffman, M, Kays, R, Kimuyu, D, Koch, F, Kranstauber, B, LaPoint, S, Leimgruber, P, Linnell, JDC, López-López, P, Markham, AC, Mattisson, J, Medici, EP, Mellone, U, Merrill, E, De MirandaMourão, G, Morato, RG, Morellet, N, Morrison, TA, Díaz-Muñoz, SL, Mysterud, A, Nandintsetseg, D, Nathan, R, Niamir, A, Odden, J, O'Hara, RB, Oliveira-Santos, LGR, Olson, KA, Patterson, BD, De Paula, RC, Pedrotti, L, Reineking, B, Rimmler, M, Rogers, TL, Rolandsen, CM, Rosenberry, CS, Rubenstein, DI, Safi, K, Saïd, S, Sapir, N, Sawyer, H, Schmidt, NM, Selva, N, Sergiel, A, Shiilegdamba, E, Silva, JP, and Singh, N

Abstract

Animal movement is fundamental for ecosystem functioning and species survival, yet the effects of the anthropogenic footprint on animal movements have not been estimated across species. Using a unique GPS-tracking database of 803 individuals across 57 species, we found that movements of mammals in areas with a comparatively high human footprint were on average one-half to one-third the extent of their movements in areas with a low human footprint.We attribute this reduction to behavioral changes of individual animals and to the exclusion of species with long-range movements from areas with higher human impact. Global loss of vagility alters a key ecological trait of animals that affects not only population persistence but also ecosystem processes such as predator-prey interactions, nutrient cycling, and disease transmission.

Published
2018

23. Measuring rewilding progress

Author

Torres, A., Fernández, N., zu Ermgassen, S., Helmer, W., Revilla, E., Saavedra, D., Perino, A., Mimet, Anne, Rey-Benayas, J.M., Selva, N., Schepers, F., Svenning, J.-C., Pereira, H.M., Torres, A., Fernández, N., zu Ermgassen, S., Helmer, W., Revilla, E., Saavedra, D., Perino, A., Mimet, Anne, Rey-Benayas, J.M., Selva, N., Schepers, F., Svenning, J.-C., and Pereira, H.M.

Abstract

Rewilding is emerging as a promising restoration strategy to enhance the conservation status of biodiversity and promote self-regulating ecosystems while re-engaging people with nature. Overcoming the challenges in monitoring and reporting rewilding projects would improve its practical implementation and maximize its conservation and restoration outcomes. Here, we present a novel approach for measuring and monitoring progress in rewilding that focuses on the ecological attributes of rewilding. We devised a bi-dimensional framework for assessing the recovery of processes and their natural dynamics through (i) decreasing human forcing on ecological processes and (ii) increasing ecological integrity of ecosystems. The rewilding assessment framework incorporates the reduction of material inputs and outputs associated with human management, as well as the restoration of natural stochasticity and disturbance regimes, landscape connectivity and trophic complexity. Furthermore, we provide a list of potential activities for increasing the ecological integrity after reviewing the evidence for the effectiveness of common restoration actions. For illustration purposes, we apply the framework to three flagship restoration projects in the Netherlands, Switzerland and Argentina. This approach has the potential to broaden the scope of rewilding projects, facilitate sound decision-making and connect the science and practice of rewilding.

Published
2018

24. Brown bear research in Europe: a review of the data collected and their value for conservation

Author

Barba, M., Selva, N., Zedrosser, A., Balkenhol, N., Cotovelea, A., Maiorano, L., Thuiller, W., Ballesteros, F., Francesca Cagnacci, Ćirović, D., Ciucci, P., Davoli, F., Fattori, U., Findo, S., Gabriel Hernando, M., Dutsov, A., Groff, C., Hagen, S., Huber, D., Huitu, O., Jerina, K., Karamanlidis, A. A., Knauer, F., Kojola, I., Kopatz, A., Mertzanis, G., Molinari, P., Naves, J., Palazón, S., Pašić, J., Paule, L., Pedrotti, L., Perovic, A., Psaralexi, M., Punovic, M., Quenette, P. Y., Rauer, G., Revilla, E., Saarma, U., Mateo Sánchez, M. C., Saura, S., Shkvyria, M., Skrbinsek, T., Skuban, M., Stojanov, A., Trajçe, A., Yakovlev, Y., and Zlatanova, D.

Subjects
Bearconnect, Brown bear, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA
Published
2017

25. A global map of roadless areas and their conservation status

Author

Ibisch, P.L., Hoffmann, M.T., Kreft, S., Pe'er, Guy, Kati, V., Biber-Freudenberger, L., DellaSala, D.A., Vale, M.M., Hobson, P.R., Selva, N., Ibisch, P.L., Hoffmann, M.T., Kreft, S., Pe'er, Guy, Kati, V., Biber-Freudenberger, L., DellaSala, D.A., Vale, M.M., Hobson, P.R., and Selva, N.

Abstract

Roads fragment landscapes and trigger human colonization and degradation of ecosystems, to the detriment of biodiversity and ecosystem functions. The planet’s remaining large and ecologically important tracts of roadless areas sustain key refugia for biodiversity and provide globally relevant ecosystem services. Applying a 1-kilometer buffer to all roads, we present a global map of roadless areas and an assessment of their status, quality, and extent of coverage by protected areas. About 80% of Earth’s terrestrial surface remains roadless, but this area is fragmented into ~600,000 patches, more than half of which are <1 square kilometer and only 7% of which are larger than 100 square kilometers. Global protection of ecologically valuable roadless areas is inadequate. International recognition and protection of roadless areas is urgently needed to halt their continued loss.

Published
2016

26. Bone Modification by modern wolf (Canis lupus): a taphonomic study from their natural feeding places

Author

Fosse, P., Selva, N., Smietana, W., Okarma, H., Wajrak, A., Fourvel, J.B., Madelaine, S., Esteban-Nadal, M., Cáceres, I., Yravedra, J., Brugal, J.P., Prucca, A., Haynes, G., Història i Història de l'Art, and Universitat Rovira i Virgili.

Abstract

Large carnivore neotaphonomy is used to provide guidelines for understanding fossil bone assemblages. However, few studies have been carried out on the taphonomic signatures of wolves (Canis lupus) in their natural settings. From 2001 to 2007, 56 wolf feeding places were studied in 2 geographic areas of Poland (Bialowieza, Bieszczady). We recorded ecological aspects such as prey selection, time span of carcasses use, scavengers' activity and the identification of prey from ungulate hairs found in scats, and taphonomic considerations, such as the number and type of bone remains, intensity of tooth modification on carcasses and the effect of digestion on skeletal elements observed in scats. Localities studied included kill sites (4 C. capreolus and 20 C. elaphus in Bialowieza, 29 C. elaphus in Bieszczady) and scavenging sites (10 B. bonasus carcasses in Bialowieza). In order to characterize taphonomically impact of wolf on medium- and large-size ungulates, the general bone modifications recorded in this study are compared with data from North American and Iberian wolf feeding sites as well as from other large carnivore (Crocuta) den contents.

Published
2012

27. Intent to leave nursing in Italy

Author

Camerino, D., Lusignani, M., Coen, S., Conway, P., Selva, N., Floridia, L., and Bertazzi., P.

Subjects
Settore MED/44 - Medicina del Lavoro
Published
2003

28. Acute Coronary Syndrome admissions and outcome during COVID-19 Pandemic–Report from large tertiary centre in India

Author

Refai Showkathali, Radhapriya Yalamanchi, M.P. Sankeerthana, Selva Nandha Kumaran, Suvetha Shree, Rajeshwari Nayak, Abraham Oomman, and Asha Mahilmaran

Subjects
COVID-19, ACS, India, Admissions, Pandemic, Surgery, RD1-811, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Few studies from various countries have reported decline in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) admissions to hospital during COVID-19 pandemic. We studied the impact of COVID-19 strict lockdown on ACS admission in a tertiary referral hospital in India. This showed 43% decline in admissions (n = 104 vs mean n = 183) and even in those who got admitted, there was a delay in presentation compared to previous year, which was reflected in the outcome of patients. Government and health organizations should educate the public early-on during the pandemic about the consequences of ignoring other acute medical problems such as ACS.

Published
2020
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29. Spatial road disturbance index (SPROADI) for conservation planning: a novel landscape index, demonstrated for the State of Brandenburg, Germany

Author

Freudenberger, L., Hobson, P.R., Rupic, S., Pe'er, Guy, Schluck, M., Sauermann, J., Kreft, S., Selva, N., Ibisch, P.L., Freudenberger, L., Hobson, P.R., Rupic, S., Pe'er, Guy, Schluck, M., Sauermann, J., Kreft, S., Selva, N., and Ibisch, P.L.

Abstract

The expansion of roads, and the subsequent changes to the surrounding landscape not only lead to landscape fragmentation but also have been shown to be a key driver of biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation. Local declines of species abundance as well as changes in animal behaviour have drawn attention to wider ecosystem effects including altered species composition and a degradation of ecosystem functioning. However, methods for measuring and quantifying the distribution and environmental impacts of roads are not yet fully developed. We present a new technique for assessing the potential impacts of roads on biodiversity using a spatial road disturbance index (SPROADI). The index is calculated from three sub-indices: traffic intensity as a measure of traffic volume per time and space; vicinity impact, which is the assessment of edge effect of roads on adjacent habitats (the road-effect zone); and fragmentation grade, which provides an indication of the degree to which the landscape is intersected by roads. SPROADI was then tested using data from the Federal State of Brandenburg in north-eastern Germany. A sensitivity analysis was carried out on the results to assess the robustness of the index. The findings revealed expected patterns of high road disturbance in urban and peri-urban landscapes surrounding Berlin. Less obvious were the high levels of road density and impacts in forest plantations across the southern region of Brandenburg, and low levels of road disturbance in agricultural crop lands of the north-western region. Results were variable for areas under some form of protection. The only national park displayed substantially lower SPROADI values in contrast to the surrounding non-protected areas whilst other protected area categories, which were landscape conservation areas and nature parks, revealed SPROADI values that were equally high as those for non-protected areas. The results of this study demonstrate the strengths and potential applications of

Published
2013

30. IPBES: Opportunities and challenges for SCB and other learned societies. Editorial

Author

Pe'er, Guy, McNeely, J.A., Dieterich, M., Jonsson, B.-G., Selva, N., Fitzgerald, J.M., Nesshöver, Carsten, Pe'er, Guy, McNeely, J.A., Dieterich, M., Jonsson, B.-G., Selva, N., Fitzgerald, J.M., and Nesshöver, Carsten

Abstract

The global nature of the biodiversity crisis, and the failures of prior international agreements to reverse it, has led to the formation of a new Intergovernmental Science- Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) as a means to bridge the gap between biodiversity science and policy (www.ipbes.net). The IPBES offers an important opportunity for the Society for Conservation Biology (SCB) and other learned societies to provide decision makers with objective, peer-reviewed information and to participate in forming policies that affect biodiversity. The SCB and its members have participated in related consultations and plenary sessions that led to the establishment of IPBES, and will undoubtedly contribute further, but additional challenges lay ahead in making IPBES a successful endeavor.

Published
2013

31. IPBES : Opportunities and Challenges for SCB and Other Learned Societies

Author

Pe'er, G., Mcneely, J. A., Dieterich, M., Jonsson, Bengt Gunnar, Selva, N., Fitzgerald, J. M., Nesshöver, C., Pe'er, G., Mcneely, J. A., Dieterich, M., Jonsson, Bengt Gunnar, Selva, N., Fitzgerald, J. M., and Nesshöver, C.

Abstract

Correspondence Address: Nesshöver, C.; UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany; email: guy.peer@ufz.de

Published
2013
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34. Burden of Disease in Patients With Tumor‐Induced Osteomalacia

Author

Fernando Jerkovich, Selva Nuñez, Yamile Mocarbel, Analía Pignatta, Natalia Elías, Hamilton Cassinelli, Adriana Graciela Díaz, Carlos Vigovich, María Celeste Balonga, Ana Carolina Cohen, Giselle Mumbach, Sofía Gonzalez, José Rubén Zanchetta, and María Belén Zanchetta

Subjects
TUMOR‐INDUCED OSTEOMALACIA, HEALTH‐RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE, MUSCLE STRENGTH, BONE PAIN, FATIGUE, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811, Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, RC925-935
Abstract

ABSTRACT Tumor‐induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a chronic condition associated with muscle weakness and long‐term disability. We conducted a cross‐sectional study of patients diagnosed with TIO who had been referred to our institution between May 2018 and December 2019. Our aim was to assess health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), fatigue, pain, and muscle mass and strength in these patients. Detailed information was obtained regarding general characteristics, initial symptoms and biochemical parameters measured at diagnosis and on the first visit to our institution. Fatigue was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Fatigue (FACIT‐Fatigue) scale, pain using the Brief Pain Inventory–Short Form (BPI‐sf) scale and HRQoL by the 36‐item Short Form survey (SF‐36) questionnaire. Eight patients were included in the study: three without tumor localization, four with nonremission after surgery, and one with clinical recurrence 2 years after surgery. Fatigue experienced by patients with TIO was significantly higher compared to the general population (p ˂ .0001). The physical summary measure of the SF‐36 showed significantly lower values than those of the Argentinean population with chronic conditions (mean 20.4 versus 45.9, p

Published
2021
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35. Discovery and Preclinical Development of Orally Active Small Molecules that Exhibit Highly Selective Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor Agonism

Author

Selva Nataraja, Henry Yu, Joie Guner, and Stephen Palmer

Subjects
follicle stimulating hormone, oral FSHR allosteric agonist, G-protein coupled receptor, infertility treatment, follicular maturation, oocyte viability, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

An orally active follicle stimulating hormone receptor allosteric agonist would provide a preferred treatment for over 16 million infertile women of reproductive age in low complexity methods (ovulation induction-intrauterine insemination) or in high complexity methods (controlled ovarian stimulation-in vitro fertilization). We present two oral follicle stimulating hormone receptor allosteric agonist compounds that have the desired pharmacology, drug metabolism, pharmacokinetics, and safety profile for clinical use. These molecules provide a single agent suitable for ovulation induction-intrauterine insemination or controlled ovarian stimulation-in vitro fertilization that is more convenient for patients and achieves similar preclinical efficacy as rec-hFSH. TOP5668, TOP5300 were evaluated in vitro in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with individual glycoprotein receptors measuring cAMP (FSHR, LH/CGR, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor). TOP5668 was found to have solely follicle stimulating hormone receptor allosteric agonist activity while TOP5300 was found to have mixed follicle stimulating hormone receptor allosteric agonist and LHR-AA activity. Both compounds stimulated concentration-dependent increases in estradiol production from cultured rat granulosa cells in the presence or absence of low dose rec-hFSH, while only TOP5300 stimulated testosterone production from rat primary Leydig cells. In pooled human granulosa cells obtained from patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation-in vitro fertilization, TOP5300 stimulated 7-fold greater maximal estradiol response than rec-hFSH and TOP5668 was 10-fold more potent than TOP5300. Both TOP5300 and TOP5668 stimulated follicular development in immature rat to the same efficacy as recombinant follicle stimulating hormone. In mice treated with TOP5300, in the presence of low dose of follicle stimulating hormone, there were no differences in oocyte number, fertilization rate, and hatched blastocyst rate in mice with TOP5300 and low dose follicle stimulating hormone vs. reference proteins pregnant mare serum gonadotropin or high dose rec-hFSH. ADME/PK and safety profiles were favorable. In addition, there was no appreciable activity on thyroid hormones by TOP5300 in 14-days toxicological study in rat or dog. The selected lead compound, TOP5300 stimulated a more robust increase in estradiol production from granulosa-lutein cells from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome patient compared to rec-hFSH. Conclusions: Two novel oral FSHR allosteric agonist, TOP5668 and TOP5300, were found to mimic the biological activity of rec hFSH in preclinical studies. Both compounds led to folliculogenesis and superovulation in rat and mice. Specifically, TOP5300 led to a similar number of ovulated oocytes that fertilized and developed into hatched blastocysts in mice when compared to rec-hFSH. The safety profile demonstrated lack of toxicity.

Published
2021
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36. Pharmacological Programming of Endosomal Signaling Activated by Small Molecule Ligands of the Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor

Author

Silvia Sposini, Francesco De Pascali, Rachel Richardson, Niamh S. Sayers, David Perrais, Henry N. Yu, Stephen Palmer, Selva Nataraja, Eric Reiter, and Aylin C. Hanyaloglu

Subjects
G protein coupled receptor, endosome, follicle-stimulating hormone receptor, APPL1, allosteric ligand, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) with pivotal roles in reproduction. One key mechanism dictating the signal activity of GPCRs is membrane trafficking. After binding its hormone FSH, FSHR undergoes internalization to very early endosomes (VEEs) for its acute signaling and sorting to a rapid recycling pathway. The VEE is a heterogeneous compartment containing the Adaptor Protein Phosphotyrosine Interacting with Pleckstrin homology Domain and Leucine Zipper 1 (APPL1) with distinct functions in regulating endosomal Gαs/cAMP signaling and rapid recycling. Low molecular weight (LMW) allosteric FSHR ligands were developed for use in assisted reproductive technology yet could also provide novel pharmacological tools to study FSHR. Given the critical nature of receptor internalization and endosomal signaling for FSHR activity, we assessed whether these compounds exhibit differential abilities to alter receptor endosomal trafficking and signaling within the VEE. Two chemically distinct LMW agonists (benzamide, termed B3 and thiazolidinone, termed T1) were employed. T1 was able to induce a greater level of cAMP than FSH and B3. As cAMP signaling drives gonadotrophin hormone receptor recycling, rapid exocytic events were evaluated at single event resolution. Strikingly, T1 was able to induce a 3-fold increase in recycling events compared to FSH and two-fold more compared to B3. As T1-induced internalization was only marginally greater, the dramatic increase in recycling and cAMP signaling may be due to additional mechanisms. All compounds exhibited a similar requirement for receptor internalization to increase cAMP and proportion of FSHR endosomes with active Gαs, suggesting regulation of cAMP signaling induced by T1 may be altered. APPL1 plays a central role for GPCRs targeted to the VEE, and indeed, loss of APPL1 inhibited FSH-induced recycling and increased endosomal cAMP signaling. While T1-induced FSHR recycling was APPL1-dependent, its elevated cAMP signaling was only partially increased following APPL1 knockdown. Unexpectedly, B3 altered the dependence of FSHR to APPL1 in an opposing manner, whereby its endosomal signaling was negatively regulated by APPL1, while B3-induced FSHR recycling was APPL1-independent. Overall, FSHR allosteric compounds have the potential to re-program FSHR activity via altering engagement with VEE machinery and also suggests that these two distinct functions of APPL1 can potentially be selected pharmacologically.

Published
2020
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37. Modifikasi serat limbah kubis menjadi nanokristalin selulosa melalui metode hidrolisis asam

Author

Andi Arjuna, Selva Natsir, Andi Amelia Khumaerah, and Risfah Yulianty

Subjects
acid hydrolysis, crystalline index, nanocrystalline cellulose, waste cabbage, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

As one of vegetable plants in South Sulawesi, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) crops has generated cellulose fibers biomass which is potentially modified into nano-crystalline cellulose, a valuable material in the pharmaceutical formula. Therefore, this study aims to manipulate the natural cellulose fibers of cabbage biomass through acid hydrolysis method within product preliminary evaluation through FT-IR and XRD. The fibers were modified through the bleaching process produce micro crystalline cellulose, which was then hydrolyzed with 65% sulfuric acid to obtain nanocrystalline cellulose. The products have yellow pale to brown colour, with a yield of 10.06% and 31.16% respectively. Based on FT-IR spectra, both products inherit cellulose characteristics, C-O (1232.16 cm-1); C = O (1743.65 cm-1); -OH (1625.99 cm-1); C-H (2920.23 cm-1); O-H (3414 cm-1). The increasing trend of crystallinity index during the process was also observed in XRD diffractogram. It is identifiable from 7.41% for natural fiber, 69.68% for crystalline microcrystalline, and 78.01% for nano crystalline cellulose. Through Match®, the estimated crystalline product size reaches 58.91 nm.

Published
2018
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38. Influence on the physical-mechanical properties of portland-cement mortar, have admixtures of colophony and tannin

Author

Fernández Cánovas, M., Hurtado Selva, N., and Kawiche, G. M.

Subjects
lcsh:TA401-492, TA401-492, lcsh:Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials
Abstract

The colophony has been used as an admixture in the Portland cement mortar with the intention to observe its influence on the air content, water absorption, adhesive capacity and mechanical properties. The results obtained have shown that, the colophony acts as air entrainment, reduces the permeability and improves the adhesion between the past and aggregates. Likewise, the addition of tannin and montan wax to the colophony has the efect of reducing the formation of foam and improves the impermeability of the mortar.Se ha empleado la colofonia como aditivo en el mortero de cemento portland con el fin de observar su influencia sobre el contenido de aire, absorción de agua, capacidad adhesiva y propiedades mecánicas. Los resultados obtenidos han puesto de manifiesto que la colofonia actúa como aireante, aumenta la impermeabilidad y mejora la adherencia de la pasta al árido. Asimismo, la adición de tanino y cera montana a la colofonia tiene el efecto de reducir la formación de espuma y mejorar también la impermeabilidad del mortero.

Published
1989
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39. The diet of the marbled teal Marmaronetta angustirostris in southern Alicante, eastern Spain

Author

Fuentes, C., Sánchez, M. I., Selva, N., and Andrew John Green

Subjects
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

We present a study of the diet of the globally threatened Marbled Teal Marmaronetta angustirostris in the southern Alicante wetlands, the most important site for the European population. We analysed the gut contents of 64 fully-grown teal collected between 16 June and 24 November from 1992 to 2000, and 31 ducklings (29 of the newly hatched age class Ia) collected between 18 May and 16 July from 1994 to 1998. The ducklings died following rescue from a concrete irrigation channel, and all but 4 fully-grown teal died in various mortalities. We also analysed 20 faecal samples collected from fully-grown teal in July-August in 1999 and 2000, plus faecal samples collected from five broods after their rescue from the channel. Seeds (72% by aggregate percent of gullet volume), supplemented by invertebrates (21%) dominated gut samples from fully-grown teal. The most important food item was Scirpus litoralis seeds (43% by aggregate percent of gullet volume) consumed mainly when floating on the water surface. The importance of invertebrates was probably underestimated owing to the poor quality of gut samples. Chironomid larvae and pupae, Corixidae and their eggs, ants, ostracods and amphipods were the most abundant invertebrates by volume. Green plant material (probably Potamogeton pectinatus) was abundant in July faeces. There were no clear seasonal trends in diet, perhaps because of the poor quality of most gut samples and variation between years in the seasonal patterns of abundance of different seeds and invertebrates. Ducklings fed mainly on invertebrates, especially chironomid adults and pupae, Coleoptera, Corixidae and ants. They consumed more green plant matter than seeds., Le régime alimentaire de la Sarcelle marbrée Marmaronetta angustirostris a été étudié dans les marais du sud de l’Alicante, le site le plus important pour la population européenne de cette espèce globalement menacée. Nous avons analysé les contenus stomacaux de 64 individus volants, récoltés entre le 16 juin et le 24 novembre, de 1992 à 2000, ainsi que de 31 canetons (29 de la classe d’âge Ia, récemment éclos), obtenus entre le 18 mai et le 16 juillet, de 1994 à 1998. Les canetons décédèrent après leur récupération dans un conduit d’irrigation bétonné et tous les individus volants, sauf quatre, périrent lors de divers épisodes de mortalité généralisée. Nous avons aussi analysé les échantillons fécaux de 20 oiseaux volants recueillis en juillet-août, en 1999 et 2000, plus ceux correspondant à cinq couvées récupérées dans le conduit d’irrigation. Les graines (72 % en volume) et les invertébrés (21 %) dominaient dans les gésiers des oiseaux volants. Les graines de Scirpus litoralis (43 % en volume), principalement consommées quand elles flottent à la surface de l’eau, constituaient l’item alimentaire le plus important. L’importance des invertébrés a probablement été sous-estimée en raison de la mauvaise qualité des contenus stomacaux. Les larves et les pupes de chironomes, les Corixidés et leurs oeufs, les fourmis, les ostracodes et les amphipodes étaient, en volume, les invertébrés les plus abondants. Les végétaux verts (probablement Potamogeton pectinatus) étaient abondants dans les fèces de juillet. Aucune saisonalité alimentaire n’a été clairement détectée, peut-être en raison de la qualité médiocre de la plupart des échantillons stomacaux et des variations interannuelles des patrons saisonniers d’abondance des divers graines et invertébrés. Les canetons se nourrissent principalement d’invertébrés, en particulier d’adultes et de pupes de chironomes, de Coléoptères, de Corixidés et de fourmis. Ils consomment plus de végétaux verts que de graines., Fuentes Cristina,Sánchez Marta Isabel,Selva Nuria,Green Andy J. The diet of the Marbled Teal Marmaronetta angustirostris in southern Alicante, eastern Spain. In: Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 59, n°3, 2004. pp. 475-490.

40. Presumed killers? Vultures, stakeholders, misperceptions, and fake news

Author

Lambertucci, SA, Margalida, A, Speziale, KL, Amar, A, Ballejo, F, Bildstein, KL, Blanco, G, Botha, AJ, Bowden, CGR, Cortés-Avizanda, A, Duriez, O, Green, RE, Hiraldo, F, Ogada, D, Plaza, P, Sánchez-Zapata, JA, Santangeli, A, Selva, N, Spiegel, O, and Donázar, JA

Subjects
livestock predation, bird scavengers, human wildlife conflict, Ecosystem services, 15. Life on land
Abstract

Vultures and condors are among the most threatened avian species in the world due to the impacts of human activities. Negative perceptions can contribute to these threats as some vulture species have been historically blamed for killing livestock. This perception of conflict has increased in recent years, associated with a viral spread of partial and biased information through social media and despite limited empirical support for these assertions. Here, we highlight that magnifying infrequent events of livestock being injured by vultures through publically shared videos or biased news items negatively impacts efforts to conserve threatened populations of avian scavengers. We encourage environmental agencies, researchers, and practitioners to evaluate the reliability, frequency and context of reports of vulture predation, weighing those results against the diverse and valuable contributions of vultures to environmental health and human well-being. We also encourage the development of awareness campaigns and improved livestock management practices, including commonly available non-lethal deterrence strategies, if needed. These actions are urgently required to allow the development of a more effective conservation strategy for vultures worldwide.

41. Phenology of brown bear breeding season and related geographical cues

Author

Sanidad Animal, García Rodríguez, Alberto, Rigg, R., Elguero Claramunt, I., Bojarska, K., Krofel, M., Parchizadeh, J., Pataky, T., Seryodkin, I., Skuban, M., Wabakken, P., Zięba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., Selva, N., Sanidad Animal, García Rodríguez, Alberto, Rigg, R., Elguero Claramunt, I., Bojarska, K., Krofel, M., Parchizadeh, J., Pataky, T., Seryodkin, I., Skuban, M., Wabakken, P., Zięba, F., Zwijacz-Kozica, T., and Selva, N.

Abstract

[EN] Knowledge about breeding biology is often incomplete in species with complex reproductive strategies. The brown bear Ursus arctos is a polygamous seasonal breeder inhabiting a wide variety of habitats and environmental conditions. We compiled information about brown bear breeding season dates from 36 study areas across their distribution range in the Palearctic and Nearctic regions and investigated how their breeding phenology relates to geographical factors (latitude, photoperiod, altitude and region). Brown bear matings were observed for 8 months, from April to November, with a peak in May–July. We found a 59-day difference in the onset of bear breeding season among study areas, with an average 2.3 days delay for each degree of latitude northwards. The onset of the breeding season showed a strong relationship with photoperiod and latitude, but not with region (i.e. Palearctic vs Nearctic) and altitude. First observations of bear mating occurred earlier in areas at lower latitudes. Photoperiod ranged between 14 and 18 hours at the beginning of the season for most of the study areas. The duration of the breeding season ranged from 25 to 138 days among study areas. None of the investigated factors was related to the length of the breeding season. Our results support the relevance of photoperiod to the onset of breeding, as found in other ursids, but not a shorter breeding season at higher latitudes, a pattern reported in other mammals. Our findings suggest a marked seasonality of bear reproductive behaviour, but also certain level of plasticity. Systematic field observations of breeding behaviour are needed to increase our knowledge on the factors determining mating behaviour in species with complex systems and how these species may adapt to climate change.

43. Factors affecting nurse retention in hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Author

Selva Nikpour, Elga Davood, Lidia Alvandian, and Parviz Kamali

Subjects
hospital, iran, nurse retention, nursing profession, Nursing, RT1-120
Abstract

This survey was aimed to investigate factors affecting nurse retention in hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The study setting was 14 general and special hospitals in Tehran. The samples were recruited from nurses employed in different wards of these hospitals.

Published
1993

44. Pittsburg Students Protest Censorship

Author

Selva Nebbia

Subjects
carnegie mellon university, cmu, protest, internet news groups, pennyslvania law, internet, bulletin board system, bbs, american civil liberties union, aclu, academic freedom, free speech, campus libraries, us obscenity laws, government control, Social Sciences
Abstract

An outside rally at the Carnegie Mellon university (CMU) campus took place November 9, 1994. The action was called to protest a recent administration decision to ban students from gaining access to certain Internet news groups that contain materials school officials deem pornographic. CMU officials maintain that their decision was necessary to comply with a Pennsylvania law dealing with obscenity. "Our official policy is to obey the law." said Bill Arms, vice president for Computing Services. "There are bboards out there that are used to display sexually explicit material." A letter on behalf of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) addressed to CMU president Robert Mehrabian explains that the "University's plan is inconsistent with the principles of academic freedom and free speech ... and is based on serious misreading of relevant laws." Comparing the Internet to campus libraries, which are exempt from the state's obscenity laws, the ACLU letter notes, "A library free from government control is an essential component of a vibrant university."

Published
1995
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45. Human Footprint and Forest Disturbance Reduce Space Use of Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) Across Europe.

Author

Hertel AG, Parres A, Frank SC, Renaud J, Selva N, Zedrosser A, Balkenhol N, Maiorano L, Fedorca A, Dutta T, Bogdanović N, Bragalanti N, Chiriac S, Ćirović D, Ciucci P, Domokos C, Fedorca M, Filacorda S, Finďo S, Groff C, de Gabriel Hernando M, Huber D, Ionescu G, Jerina K, Karamanlidis AA, Kindberg J, Kojola I, Mertzanis Y, Palazon S, Pop MI, Psaralexi M, Quenette PY, Sergiel A, Skuban M, Zlatanova D, Zwijacz-Kozica T, and De Barba M

Subjects
Animals, Europe, Conservation of Natural Resources methods, Human Activities, Humans, Homing Behavior, Ecosystem, Ursidae physiology, Forests
Abstract

Three-quarters of the planet's land surface has been altered by humans, with consequences for animal ecology, movements and related ecosystem functioning. Species often occupy wide geographical ranges with contrasting human disturbance and environmental conditions, yet, limited data availability across species' ranges has constrained our understanding of how human pressure and resource availability jointly shape intraspecific variation of animal space use. Leveraging a unique dataset of 758 annual GPS movement trajectories from 375 brown bears (Ursus arctos) across the species' range in Europe, we investigated the effects of human pressure (i.e., human footprint index), resource availability and predictability, forest cover and disturbance, and area-based conservation measures on brown bear space use. We quantified space use at different spatiotemporal scales during the growing season (May-September): home range size; representing general space requirements, 10-day long-distance displacement distances, and routine 1-day displacement distances. We found large intraspecific variation in brown bear space use across all scales, which was profoundly affected by human footprint index, vegetation productivity, and recent forest disturbances creating opportunity for resource pulses. Bears occupied smaller home ranges and moved less in more anthropized landscapes and in areas with higher resource availability and predictability. Forest disturbances reduced space use while contiguous forest cover promoted longer daily movements. The amount of strictly protected and roadless areas within bear home ranges was too small to affect space use. Anthropized landscapes may hinder the expansion of small and isolated populations, such as the Apennine and Pyrenean, and obstruct population connectivity, for example between the Dinaric Pindos population and the Alpine or Carpathian population. Our findings call for actions to maintain bear movements across landscapes with high human footprint, for example by maintaining forest integrity, to support viable bear populations and their ecosystem functions., (© 2025 The Author(s). Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2025
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46. Trace element contaminants and endocrine status of European brown bears assessed using blood as a matrix.

Author

Lazarus M, Sergiel A, Ferenčaković M, Sekovanić A, Reljić S, Pađen L, Janz DM, Oster E, Zwijacz-Kozica T, Zięba F, Selva N, and Huber Đ

Subjects
Animals, Male, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Endocrine Disruptors blood, Thyroid Hormones blood, Ursidae blood, Trace Elements blood, Environmental Pollutants blood
Abstract

Bioaccumulation of trace element contaminants with endocrine disruptive (ED) potential has been noted in European brown bears, though evidence of their effects is lacking. Generalized linear models were employed to assess circulating levels of reproductive, stress, and thyroid hormones in relation to arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and thallium (Tl) in 53 free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos) from two European populations (Carpathian and Dinara-Pindos). Other potential drivers of hormone variation, such as essential elements, ecological factors, physiological variables, and capture methods, were included as predictors. The models demonstrated a positive association between cortisol and Cd, and a negative association with Tl. In addition, Tl and Pb were identified as key factors in explaining variation in thyroid hormones (free triiodothyronine, fT3 and free thyroxine, fT4). Trap type was significant in explaining variation in fT3 concentrations, while sex was an important predictor of progesterone levels. The essential elements, cobalt (Co) and copper (Cu) accounted for 41 % of testosterone variation, while Cu and selenium (Se) were negatively associated with fT4. Other notable predictors of investigated hormone variation included body condition index (important for cortisol), age (for fT4), year (for fT3), capture day (for fT4 and fT4:fT3 ratio) and population (fT4:fT3 ratio). This study evidenced trace elements as important factors to consider when studying hormonal variation in terrestrial wildlife (Tl for cortisol and fT3, Cd for cortisol, Cu for testosterone and fT4, Co for testosterone, Pb and Se for fT4). To gain a more definitive understanding of the effects of exposure to element contaminants on endocrine status, it is recommended to include more sensitive and specific endocrine disruption-related endpoints in a larger sample size. Doing so will further enhance our understanding of the potential adverse endocrine effects of environmental pollutants on these bear populations and other large mammalian wildlife species., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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47. Ontogeny shapes individual dietary specialization in female European brown bears (Ursus arctos).

Author

Hertel AG, Albrecht J, Selva N, Sergiel A, Hobson KA, Janz DM, Mulch A, Kindberg J, Hansen JE, Frank SC, Zedrosser A, and Mueller T

Subjects
Animals, Female, Phenotype, Learning, Social Behavior, Ursidae genetics, Ursidae physiology, Diet
Abstract

Individual dietary specialization, where individuals occupy a subset of a population's wider dietary niche, is a key factor determining a species resilience against environmental change. However, the ontogeny of individual specialization, as well as associated underlying social learning, genetic, and environmental drivers, remain poorly understood. Using a multigenerational dataset of female European brown bears (Ursus arctos) followed since birth, we discerned the relative contributions of environmental similarity, genetic heritability, maternal effects, and offspring social learning from the mother to individual specialization. Individual specialization accounted for 43% of phenotypic variation and spanned half a trophic position, with individual diets ranging from omnivorous to carnivorous. The main determinants of dietary specialization were social learning during rearing (13%), environmental similarity (5%), maternal effects (11%), and permanent between-individual effects (9%), whereas the contribution of genetic heritability (3%) was negligible. The trophic position of offspring closely resembled the trophic position of their mothers during the first 3-4 years of independence, but waned with increasing time since separation. Our study shows that social learning and maternal effects were more important for individual dietary specialization than environmental composition. We propose a tighter integration of social effects into studies of range expansion and habitat selection under global change., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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49. Mammals show faster recovery from capture and tagging in human-disturbed landscapes.

Author

Stiegler J, Gallagher CA, Hering R, Müller T, Tucker M, Apollonio M, Arnold J, Barker NA, Barthel L, Bassano B, Beest FMV, Belant JL, Berger A, Beyer DE Jr, Bidner LR, Blake S, Börner K, Brivio F, Brogi R, Buuveibaatar B, Cagnacci F, Dekker J, Dentinger J, Duľa M, Duquette JF, Eccard JA, Evans MN, Ferguson AW, Fichtel C, Ford AT, Fowler NL, Gehr B, Getz WM, Goheen JR, Goossens B, Grignolio S, Haugaard L, Hauptfleisch M, Heim M, Heurich M, Hewison MAJ, Isbell LA, Janssen R, Jarnemo A, Jeltsch F, Miloš J, Kaczensky P, Kamiński T, Kappeler P, Kasper K, Kautz TM, Kimmig S, Kjellander P, Kowalczyk R, Kramer-Schadt S, Kröschel M, Krop-Benesch A, Linderoth P, Lobas C, Lokeny P, Lührs ML, Matsushima SS, McDonough MM, Melzheimer J, Morellet N, Ngatia DK, Obermair L, Olson KA, Patanant KC, Payne JC, Petroelje TR, Pina M, Piqué J, Premier J, Pufelski J, Pyritz L, Ramanzin M, Roeleke M, Rolandsen CM, Saïd S, Sandfort R, Schmidt K, Schmidt NM, Scholz C, Schubert N, Selva N, Sergiel A, Serieys LEK, Silovský V, Slotow R, Sönnichsen L, Solberg EJ, Stelvig M, Street GM, Sunde P, Svoboda NJ, Thaker M, Tomowski M, Ullmann W, Vanak AT, Wachter B, Webb SL, Wilmers CC, Zieba F, Zwijacz-Kozica T, and Blaum N

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Male, Female, Locomotion physiology, Herbivory physiology, Animals, Wild physiology, Behavior, Animal physiology, Species Specificity, Mammals physiology, Ecosystem
Abstract

Wildlife tagging provides critical insights into animal movement ecology, physiology, and behavior amid global ecosystem changes. However, the stress induced by capture, handling, and tagging can impact post-release locomotion and activity and, consequently, the interpretation of study results. Here, we analyze post-tagging effects on 1585 individuals of 42 terrestrial mammal species using collar-collected GPS and accelerometer data. Species-specific displacements and overall dynamic body acceleration, as a proxy for activity, were assessed over 20 days post-release to quantify disturbance intensity, recovery duration, and speed. Differences were evaluated, considering species-specific traits and the human footprint of the study region. Over 70% of the analyzed species exhibited significant behavioral changes following collaring events. Herbivores traveled farther with variable activity reactions, while omnivores and carnivores were initially less active and mobile. Recovery duration proved brief, with alterations diminishing within 4-7 tracking days for most species. Herbivores, particularly males, showed quicker displacement recovery (4 days) but slower activity recovery (7 days). Individuals in high human footprint areas displayed faster recovery, indicating adaptation to human disturbance. Our findings emphasize the necessity of extending tracking periods beyond 1 week and particular caution in remote study areas or herbivore-focused research, specifically in smaller mammals., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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50. Mapping roadless areas in regions with contrasting human footprint.

Author

Hoffmann MT, Ostapowicz K, Bartoń K, Ibisch PL, and Selva N

Subjects
Humans, Europe, Canada, Poland, Hungary, Ecosystem
Abstract

In an increasingly human- and road-dominated world, the preservation of functional ecosystems has become highly relevant. While the negative ecological impacts of roads on ecosystems are numerous and well documented, roadless areas have been proposed as proxy for functional ecosystems. However, their potential remains underexplored, partly due to the incomplete mapping of roads. We assessed the accuracy of roadless areas identification using freely available road-data in two regions with contrasting levels of anthropogenic influence: boreal Canada and temperate Central Europe (Poland, Slovakia, Czechia, and Hungary). Within randomly selected circular plots (per region and country), we visually examined the completeness of road mapping using OpenStreetMap 2020 and assessed whether human influences affect mapping quality using four variables. In boreal Canada, roads were completely mapped in 3% of the plots, compared to 40% in Central Europe. Lower Human Footprint Index and road density values were related to greater incompleteness in road mapping. Roadless areas, defined as areas at least 1 km away from any road, covered 85% of the surface in boreal Canada (mean size ± s.d. = 272 ± 12,197 km 2 ), compared to only 0.4% in temperate Central Europe (mean size ± s.d. = 0.6 ± 3.1 km 2 ). By visually interpreting and manually adding unmapped roads in 30 randomly selected roadless areas from each study country, we observed a similar reduction in roadless surface in both Canada and Central Europe (27% vs 28%) when all roads were included. This study highlights the urgent need for improved road mapping techniques to support research on roadless areas as conservation targets and surrogates of functional ecosystems., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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