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If life satisfaction has functional significance for goal achievement, it should be calibrated to cues of potential success on active and fundamentally important goals. Within the context of mating motivation, we tested this hypothesis with self-perceived mate value—an assessment of one’s potential mating success. As hypothesized, because most individuals (eventually) seek long-term relationships, self-perceived long-term mate value predicted life satisfaction for men and women regardless of relationship status. In contrast, and also as hypothesized, self-perceived short-term mate value predicted life satisfaction only for individuals with short-term mating goals—single uncommitted men (Studies 1, 2A, and 2B), individuals dispositionally motivated toward short-term relationships (Studies 2A and 2B), and single uncommitted women for whom short-term mating motivation was experimentally engaged, enabling causal inference (Study 3). Results support a functional conceptualization of life satisfaction, showing that currently active mating goals can shape the extent to which goal-specific self-perceived mate value predicts life satisfaction.

Journal of intensive care medicine 37(7), 970-978 (2022). doi:10.1177/08850666211052460, Published by Wiley-Blackwell, [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar]

Background: The HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is the most common neurological manifestation associated with Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection. Although cognitive impairment has been highlighted in the spectrum of HTLV-1 neurological manifestations, it may go unnoticed in those who do not spontaneously report it. We aimed at evaluating the applicability of a self-perceived memory score (SMS) and the cognitive event-related potential (P300) for the early detection of cognitive impairment in HTLV-1-infected people. Methods: The SMS was measured by a 0-10 visual analog scale combined with a sad-happy faces rating scale. The higher the number, the better was the SMS. The P300 was obtained through an oddball paradigm with a mental counting task. The participants were 15(21,4%) individuals with HAM/TSP, 20(28,6%) HTLV-1-asymptomatic carriers, and 35(50%) seronegative controls. Results: SMS (p369.0 milliseconds were considered as altered result and indicated cognitive impairment. The HAM/TSP group showed the highest prevalence of altered P300 (80%) and SMS (87%). Interestingly, the asymptomatic group also presented significant higher prevalence of altered SMS (60%) and P300 (35%) when compared to controls (Conclusion: The use of SMS in the medical consultation was a useful and easy-to-apply method to screen HTLV-1 infected subjects for everyday memory complaints.

Muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) is a common voice disorder in teachers in which subjective and objective dimensions of quality of voice can be impaired. The study aimed to compare voice handicap index (VHI) and dysphonia severity index (DSI) in teachers with and without MTD as well as study correlation between them.Cross-sectional survey.Fifty female teachers were enrolled in the study in two different groups (1) twenty-five teachers with MTD (with mean age of 42.62 ± 3.58 years) and (2) 25 teachers without MTD (with mean age of 44.50 ± 3.49 years). All participants completed the Persian version of VHI and underwent multiparametric measurement of voice by the DSI; these subjective and objective voice measures were compared between two groups and their relation was studied.There was significant difference in the VHI, DSI, and their components in teachers with and without MTD (P0.05). No significant correlation was found between the total score of VHI and DSI score in the teachers with MTD (rTeachers with MTD demonstrated higher voice handicap and lower voice quality compared to the teachers without MTD. Moreover, dysphonia interrupted relation between the results of self-perceived evaluation and multiparametric measurement of voice in the teachers with MTD in while these assessments were parallel in the healthy teachers. Further studies are recommended to transparent relation between objective and subjective voice assessments in healthy population.

In this paper, a survey was conducted online to analyze anxiety and perceived stress level among the people living in Delhi-NCR. A questionnaire was developed on the web, and its link was distributed via the internet to the people of Delhi NCR, which consists of students, professionals, nonprofessional's, etc. The results confirm that between the two groups, female shows more anxiety level, whereas males have more perceived stress during the COVID-19 outbreak. Alternatively, the level of anxiety is high among the people aged 36-45 years, whereas perceived stress rate was higher among older people. © 2021 NSP Natural Sciences Publishing Cor.

Computational Thinking (CT) is regarded as a crucial competency for all children in the 21st century. There are misconceptions about CT which confounds CT skills with programming skills. However, C...

PurposeThis study examined the relationship between self-perceived hearing abilities and binaural speech-in-noise performance in young to middle-age adults with normal pure-tone hearing.MethodSixty-six adults with normal hearing (thresholds ≤ 25 dB HL at 250–8000 Hz) participated. Self-perceived hearing abilities were assessed using the Adult Auditory Performance Scale (AAPS). The AAPS provides a single global score of self-perceived hearing abilities and individual subscale scores for six listening conditions, namely, Quiet, Ideal, Noise, Multiple Inputs, Auditory Memory, and Auditory Attention. Binaural speech-in-noise performance was measured with the Listening in Spatialized Noise–Sentences Test (LiSN-S).ResultsResults revealed significant correlations between the AAPS and the LiSN-S. Listeners who scored higher on the AAPS (greater self-perceived hearing difficulty) performed poorer on the LiSN-S. The strongest correlations were observed between the AAPS Noise subscale score and the LiSN-S low- and high-cue conditions. Age was significantly correlated with both pure-tone hearing and the LiSN-S spatial advantage, with older participants exhibiting poorer thresholds and smaller spatial advantages. Pure-tone hearing was also significantly correlated with binaural speech-in-noise performance. Listeners with poorer thresholds performed poorer across multiple LiSN-S conditions. Linear regression revealed that a significant amount of the variance in LiSN-S performance was accounted for by pure-tone hearing as well as the AAPS global score and Noise subscale score.ConclusionsResults demonstrate a clear relationship between an individual's self-perceived hearing ability and their binaural speech-in-noise performance. In addition, minimal threshold elevation within the normal range and age (i.e., middle adulthood) had a negative impact on binaural speech-in-noise performance. The results support the inclusion of speech-in-noise testing for all patients, even those whose pure-tone hearing falls within the traditional normal range.

OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the prospective association between self-perceived psychological stress and first stroke, and examine possible effect modifiers among adults with hypertension. METHODS A total of 20,688 hypertensive adults with information on self-perceived psychological stress at baseline were included from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT). Participants were randomly assigned to a double-blind treatment of receiving a single tablet daily with either 10 mg enalapril and 0.8 mg folic acid or 10 mg enalapril alone. Follow up visits occurred every 3 months after randomization. Psychological stress was measured with a one-item 3-point rating scale. The primary outcome was first stroke (fatal or nonfatal). RESULTS The median treatment period was 4.5 years. Compared with participants with low levels of psychological stress, those with high psychological stress had a significantly higher risk of first stroke (adjusted HR, 1.40; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.94) or first ischemic stroke (adjusted HR, 1.45; 95%CI: 1.01, 2.09). Moreover, a stronger positive relationship between psychological stress and first stroke was found in participants with time-averaged mean arterial pressure (MAP)

The concept of digital competences incorporates the effective use of constantly-changing digital tools and media for learning and performing digital tasks, digital behaviours (such as online communication, teamwork, ethical sharing of information), as well as digital mindsets that value lifelong digital learning and development. The current pandemic crisis has accelerated the need to diagnose and understand more systematically Higher Education students’ digital competences and the way in which they shape academic performance and outcomes. This empirical study explores the digital competences of students, studying in Law related courses, by means of a self-assessment survey tool, which has been previously tested with information and library science students, and was developed to study students’ technology mastery (i.e. the abilities, competences, capabilities and skills required for using digital technology, media and tools) and their digital citizenship mindsets (consisting of attitudes and behaviours necessary to develop as a critical, reflective and lifelong learners). The study found age demographic differences, which presented significant correlations pointing to the presence of diverse levels of competences in the student group. Correlation statistics of the survey data demonstrated that students’ prior everyday participation as a digital citizen was connected to a number of important academic skills, such as the ability to identify information in different contexts, students’ digital learning and development, their digital abilities to complete academic work, their information literacy skills and their skills around managing their digital wellbeing and identity. Focus groups data with academics revealed that they valued the development of students’ digital competences for the purposes of learning, while studying at university and placed less emphasis on digital citizenship skills. These academics also considered the value of digital platforms and tools (the focus on ‘ICT Proficiency’) to be more relevant for academic study than digital citizenship mindsets.

Executives’ status is increasingly recognized as an important factor in firms’ decision-making, while the way executives’ perception of their status influences firms’ strategy is underexplored. Bui...

Purpose This study aims at exploring the role of perceived disease seriousness in consumers’ preference for generic versus branded drugs, by shedding light on new factors impacting consumer purchase behaviour for pharmaceutical products. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory study based on a quantitative analysis has been conducted with a sample of 100 participants who have been presented with two different scenarios: one related to more serious disease (as in cardiological disease) and one related to less serious disease (as in the seasonal flu). This paper considered Italy as a research setting where the recent mandatory prescription of the active ingredient by doctors leaves the final purchase decision in consumers’ hands Findings Results show that, although consumers are free to choose whether to buy a branded or a generic prescribed active ingredient, their choice is mainly driven by the role of the brand. Consumers’ intention to buy generic drugs is higher in the case of diseases perceived as less serious, while the intention to buy branded drugs is higher in the case of disease perceived as more serious. Originality/value This study contributes to marketing research and practice by proposing that consumers’ perceived seriousness of their disease should be considered as a further factor in identifying new marketing strategies in those contexts in which the choice between branded or generic drugs is free.

Objective: to analyze the factors associated with positive self-perceived evaluation of prenatal care among users of Primary Health Care (PHC). Methods: the analytical cross-sectional study was carried out with secondary data from the 3rd Module of the 2nd cycle (2013 / 2014) of the External Evaluation of the Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care Program (PMAQ-AB – Portuguese acronym), collected from users in the Basic Health Units (BHU) that joined the PMAQ-AB in Brazil. The hierarchical analysis was performed using a theoretical model and logistic regression was performed between the self-perceived evaluation (positive - very good/good or negative - regular/poor/very bad) and the sociodemographic characteristics, prenatal care and health service evaluation (p

To survey the educational experience of Registered Nurses in Australia, at undergraduate, post graduate and continuing professional development levels.It has been previously demonstrated that nurse...

Ho, IMK, Luk, JTC, Ngo, JK, and Wong, DP. Effects of different intraset rest durations on lifting performance and self-perceived exertion during bench press exercise. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2114-2120, 2021-This study compared the number of successful repetitions, failure rates, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPEs) among intraset rest (ISR) protocols (0-, 20-, or 40-second rest between third and fourth repetitions) during bench press exercise with total 3 sets and 6 repetitions per set at 6 repetition maximum (6RM) load. Thirty-four college-aged men performed 6RM loads with ISR 0, 20, and 40 on 3 separate visits in a counterbalanced order while the total rest time and duration of each protocol was equated. Results showed failure rates of 32.4% for ISR0 (11 subjects with failed repetition), 14.7% for ISR20, and 2.9% for ISR40. The ISR had a small positive effect on increasing successful repetitions in: second set, ISR40 vs. ISR0 and ISR20 vs. ISR0 (both +0.2 rep, d = 0.28); third set, ISR40 vs. ISR0 (+0.5 rep, d = 0.55) and ISR20 vs. ISR0 (+0.4 rep, d = 0.39); and total number of repetition: ISR40 vs. ISR0 (+0.7 rep, d = 0.46) and ISR20 vs. ISR0 (+0.5 rep, d = 0.36). The ISR also had small effect on decreasing RPE in: second set, ISR40 vs. ISR0 (-0.6, d = -0.21); third set, ISR40 vs. ISR0 (-0.7, d = -0.26); and average RPE of the 3 sets, ISR40 vs. ISR0 (-0.6, d = -0.24). The longer ISR could further decrease RPE only in the third set (ISR40 vs. ISR20: -0.6, d = -0.23, small effect). Strength coaches may use the ISR40 rest redistribution to reduce RPE and enhance repetition sustainability.

Aim: The aim of this investigation was to complete a further analysis of existing data to compare risk factors of voice problems as well as create a hierarchical ranking of risk factors in preschool-kindergarten and 1st- to 6th-grade teachers in order to develop a voice hygiene program and prioritize its goals for each group of teachers. Methods: An online survey was completed by 148 preschool-kindergarten and 301 1st- to 6th-grade public school teachers. Participants were divided into four groups, preschool-kindergarten and 1st- to 6th-grade teachers with no self-perceived voice disorders and preschool-kindergarten and 1st- to 6th-grade teachers with self-perceived voice disorders. A χ2 test and a multivariate logistic regression model were used to examine the differences in answers between the preschool-kindergarten teachers with and without voice disorders and the 1st- to 6th-grade teachers with and without voice disorders and to identify the most important predictors. Results: The significant predictors for preschool-kindergarten teachers are frequently or sometimes continuing to talk after a breath cycle and being exposed to an excessive or a lot of noise generated in the classroom. The significant predictors for 1st- to 6th-grade teachers include having short breaks between classes and continuing to talk frequently after a breath cycle. Conclusions: Job-related risk factors in preschool-kindergarten and in 1st- to 6th-grade teachers may vary. Therefore, a preventative vocal hygiene education program specifically tailored for each population of teachers is suggested.

Summary Objective To evaluate the prevalence of self-perceived voice problems and voice-related quality of life in a nontreatment seeking older population in Hong Kong. Study Design Prospective, cross-sectional survey. Methods One hundred and one older individuals aged 65 years or above were recruited from senior citizen community centers in Hong Kong. Each participant received a face-to-face interview with the researcher. The participants were asked to report the presence of voice problems and the voice symptoms that they experienced. They were also asked to complete the Cantonese version of the Voice Handicap Index to ascertain their voice-related quality of life. Results Over one-fourth (27.7%) of participants reported having current voice problems. Perceived voice problems were found to pose significant negative impacts on the older individuals’ voice-related quality of life. The prevalence of voice problems and extent of impacts of voice-related quality of life were similar across the young-old, old-old, and the oldest-old groups of participants. Conclusion The results suggest that voice problems are common in the older population and should not be underestimated. The study urges the need to allocate more resources to provide voice-related services from the young-old group for promoting positive aging.

Background Daily walking paths exhibit varying environment features and require continuous adjustments to locomotor trajectories. Humans maintain lateral balance while navigating paths by modifying stepping in accordance with changing side-to-side path limitations (e.g. path width, lateral location). These processes are influenced by one’s actual physical ability to maintain balance, as well as their self-perceived balance ability. Older adults experience decreases in each of these abilities, which may alter their capacity to execute appropriate lateral stepping adaptations. Research Question How do age, physical and self-perceived balance abilities interact to influence lateral stepping adaptations of older adults walking in complex environments with dynamic lateral path features? Methods Twenty young (age mean ± SD: 21.7 ± 2.6) and 18 older adults (age mean ± SD: 71.6 ± 6.0) walked on an instrumented treadmill in a virtual-reality system. Participants adjusted lateral stepping during two competing lateral balance sub-tasks that manipulated either path width or location. Participants began walking on a gradually-narrowing path (sub-task A), then decided when/ how to laterally maneuver to an adjacent path (sub-task B). Recorded path characteristics were used to quantify spatial thresholds for stepping error onset and sub-task exchange. Results Older adults made sub-task A stepping errors on wider paths and exchanged sub-tasks earlier. These differences were not directly attributed to age. Statistical path analyses revealed that physical balance ability mediated age effects on stepping error onset, while self-perceived balance ability mediated age effects on sub-task exchange. Both age groups exchanged sub-tasks when stepping accuracy likelihoods were similar and high, ∼90 %. Significance This work demonstrates important mechanisms for how age, via degradation of physical and self-perceived balance abilities, indirectly and differentially influences navigation of competing lateral balance tasks. Mediating physical and perceptual factors are potential targets for improving older adults’ navigation of complex environments.

COVID-19 studies to date have documented some of the initial health consequences of lockdown restrictions adopted by many countries. Combining a data-driven machine learning paradigm and a statistical analysis approach, our previous paper documented a U-shape pattern in levels of self-perceived loneliness in both the UK and Greek populations during the first lockdown (17 April to 17 July 2020). The current paper aimed to test the robustness of these results. Specifically, we tested a) for the dependence of the chosen model by adopting a new one - namely, support vector regressor (SVR). Furthermore, b) whether the patterns of self-perceived loneliness found in data from the first UK national lockdown could be generalizable to the second wave of the UK lockdown (17 October 2020 to 31 January 2021). The first part of the study involved training an SVR model on the 75% of the UK dataset from wave 1 (n total = 435). This SVR model was then tested on the remaining 25% of data (MSE training = 2.04; MSE test = 2.29), which resulted in depressive symptoms to be the most important variable - followed by self-perceived loneliness. Statistical analysis of depressive symptoms by week of lockdown resulted in a significant U-shape pattern between week 3 to 7 of lockdown. In the second part of the study, data from wave 2 of the UK lockdown (n = 263) was used to conduct a graphical and statistical inspection of the week-by-week distribution of scores regarding self-perceived loneliness. Despite a graphical U-shaped pattern between week 3 and 9 of lockdown, levels of loneliness were not between weeks of lockdown. Consistent with past studies, study findings suggest that self-perceived loneliness and depressive symptoms may be two of the most relevant symptoms to address when imposing lockdown restrictions.

Objectives: This study was analyzed using the data of 2013 Korean Educational Longitudinal Study (KELS), a Korean adolescents’ panel study, to examine the social communication competence (SCC) development by gender and coeducation.Methods: Data from the second year of middle school and first year of high school were used in the “2013 Korean Education Longitudinal Study” conducted on Korean adolescents. Group differences (gender 2: male and female; coeducation 4: coeducation girls, coeducation boys, boys’ school, girls’ school; class 2: middle and high school) for the SCC questionnaire scores were analyzed using MANOVAs.Results: 1) Communication skill, social cognition, and the pragmatic language register did not differ depending on gender and coed groups, but most other SCC skills exhibited a high evaluation of female students. 2) In coeducational situations, boys had improved social abilities and non-verbal communication skills (F(3, 3029)= 2.88, p< .05; F(3, 3029)= 2.58, p=.052). 3) As the age of boys increased, the evaluation of their social & prosocial abilities increased more than that of the female students (F= 12.37, p< .001; F= 17.29, p< .001). 4) Boys’ experience in coeducation affected their social ability and nonverbal communication skills, while girls’ experience in girls’ middle school and coeducational high school affected their SCC evaluation average improvement.Conclusion: SCC scores can be influenced by gender and class or coeducation factors, so clinicians should consider gender and school background factors in their interpretation of the results of SCC assessment for adolescents.

The present study looks at how exposure to Instagram #fitspiration images affects self‐rated sexual attractiveness among women. An experimental pre‐test/post‐test control group design was implemented. Four hundred and forty‐two female undergraduate students (mean age of 22.06 ± 2.15 years) were randomly exposed to either fitspiration (N = 233) or travel Instagram images (N = 209). Well known self‐report measures of Instagram use, body satisfaction, and self‐perceived sexual attractiveness were completed. The results showed that viewing fitspiration models on Instagram was more likely to lower self‐perceived sexual attractiveness among women than travel images. This effect was mediated by body satisfaction. The present findings built upon previous research that focuses on the detrimental effects of exposure to appearance‐focused Instagram profile images on body image satisfaction by showing that exposure to Instagram fitspiration might also influence women perceived sexual attractiveness. Negative consequences of social media exposure on women’s sexual well‐being need to be further investigated.

The English language is widely disseminated globally, where it is the major medium of cross-communication in international/intercultural contexts. The purpose of this study is to assess (1) non-Eng...

Individuals may engage in immoral behavior to achieve the ends they desire. Two studies (total N = 1257) investigated whether the impact of such goal-directed immoral behavior on self-perceived aut...

YouTube has grown into an unprecedented music industry where informal learning practices converge among young musicians now considered authentic internet (micro)celebrities. Due to the rise of musi...

Prescribing errors in medical practice are common, and may be preventable in a significant proportion of cases. The literature on dermatological prescription errors is scarce. We sought to determine the rate and causes of resident prescribing errors in an outpatient dermatology practice, and surveyed residents' self-perceived prescription writing learning needs. All prescription errors were tabulated at the Ricky Kanee Schachter Dermatology Clinic (Women's College Hospital) from November 2019 to January 2020. There was an overall prescribing error rate of 1.58% (23/1457), with no significant difference between topical and systemic drugs (1.85% and 0.86%, respectively; P = 0.20) or between written prescriptions and those created by the electronic medical record (1.66% and 1.29%, respectively; P = 0.84). The survey response rate was 26.2% (22/82), with respondents reporting their overall confidence in dermatology prescription writing as (mean ± SD) 7.14 ± 1.75 out of 10. While the resident prescribing error rate was relatively low, multiple errors were avoidable, and residents agree that targeted dermatology-specific training in prescription writing is needed.

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the fourth commonest malignancy in women around the world. It represents the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in South East Asian women, and an important cancer death cause in women of developing nations. Data collected in 2018 revealed 5690000 cervical cancer cases worldwide, 85% of which occurred in developing countries. AIM To assess self-perceived burden (SPB) and related influencing factors in cervical cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. METHODS Patients were prospectively included by convenient sampling at The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, China between March 2018 and March 2019. The survey was completed using a self-designed general information questionnaire, the SPB scale for cancer patients, and the self-care self-efficacy scale, Strategies Used by People to Promote Health, which were delivered to patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Measurement data are expressed as the mean ± SD. Enumeration data are expressed as frequencies or percentages. Caregivers were the spouse, offspring, and other in 46.4, 40.9, and 12.7%, respectively, and the majority were male (59.1%). As for pathological type, 90 and 20 cases had squamous and adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinomas, respectively. Stage IV disease was found in 12 (10.9%) patients. RESULTS A total of 115 questionnaires were released, and five patients were excluded for too long evaluation time (n = 2) and the inability to confirm the questionnaire contents (n = 3). Finally, a total of 110 questionnaires were collected. They were aged 31-79 years, with the 40-59 age group being most represented (65.4% of all cases). Most patients were married (91.8%) and an overwhelming number had no religion (92.7%). Total SPB score was 43.13 ± 16.65. SPB was associated with the place of residence, monthly family income, payment method, transfer status, the presence of radiotherapy complications, and the presence of pain (P < 0.05). The SPB and self-care self-efficacy were negatively correlated (P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, self-care self-efficacy, place of residence, monthly family income, payment method, degree of radiation dermatitis, and radiation proctitis were influencing factors of SPB (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy often have SPB. Self-care self-efficacy scale, place of residence, monthly family income, payment method, and radiation dermatitis and proctitis are factors independently influencing SPB.

Objective: To investigate the self-perceived competence of house-officers from three dental institutions in Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Islamabad Dental Hospital, Fatima Memorial Dental Hospital and Islamic International Dental Hospital, from Jan to Dec 2018. Methodology: House-officers from three dental institutions were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study. A previously validated preparedness assessment scale was used to gauge the perceptions and experiences of the participants on a range of clinical, cognitive and affective skills. The results were compared to data from Dental Foundation Trainees in the UK. Results: In total 128 house-officers responded to the online questionnaire (18 participants were excluded due to missing data). All but four participants were in the 20-25 years age group (96.4%). The mean overall score of participants was 70/100 (SD ± 11.71). Self-perceived competence was reported to be low for clinical skills in radiography, crowns, cast-partial dentures and endodontics on multi-rooted teeth. Conclusions: This study investigated self-perceived competence amongst new graduates and provides information for comparison with data from Foundation Dentists in the UK. Pakistani House-Officers felt less prepared than Dental Foundation Trainees in 49/50 attributes. Several areas were identified where graduates from both countries may benefit from further education, training and consolidation. The findings may be of interest to dental educators and other stakeholders.Keywords: , ,

Purpose To describe patients’ self-reported hand normality before and after surgery for Dupuytren contracture and to determine whether this metric could be used as an adjunct to determine the success of surgery. Methods Preoperative and 1-year postoperative Quick–Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand and EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-level scores were collected prospectively over 5 years. Patients were asked “How normal is your hand?” Scores were recorded on a 100-point visual analog scale. Outcomes were available for 296 patients (77%). Results Median hand normality score improved significantly from 50 to 86 after surgery. Effect size of the change in normality was 1.2 SDs. The change in normality score correlated significantly with the Quick–Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score. No significant floor or ceiling effects were observed. Conclusions This study introduced the concept of self-perceived hand normality in Dupuytren disease. Hand normality improved after surgery for Dupuytren disease, and this score performed favorably compared with preexisting outcome measures, which suggests it may be a useful adjunct to gauge the success of surgery. Clinical relevance This study introduces the concept of self-perceived hand normality in patients undergoing surgery for Dupuytren disease and quantifies improvement observed after surgery.

INTRODUCTION[|]The aim of this study is to determine self-perceived competency levels and perspectives of primary care physicians on psychiatry related basic practical skills that are in Turkish National Core Curriculum 2014.[¤]METHODS[|]This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that 4117 primary care physicians participated. An electronic survey form has been sent to primary care physicians who actively work in Turkey to determine the primary care physicians' self-perceived competency levels and the level that a medical student should reach at the graduation, on the psychiatry related basic practical skills that is in National Core Curriculum 2014. The study was carried out between October 1, 2017 and September 1, 2018. Descriptive statistical methods and chi square test were performed during analysis process.[¤]RESULTS[|]Self-perceived competency levels on psychiatry related skills of primary care physicians were between 27,3% and 62,4%. The proportion of incompetent primary care physicians was statistically higher among physicians who has graduated from medical school more than five years ago (p

This study examined the relationship between job insecurity and psychological well-being of bank sector employees and the role of core self-evaluations and self-perceived employability in that rela...

Through this article, we intend to analyse one of the tools by which we can influence the projection of a positive self-perceived image on primary school students. Our aim is to emphasise the importance of a conscious implementation of positive feedback, in teaching activities, designed to increase student involvement, to stimulate increased self-esteem, confidence and positive self-image.

This study uses a quantitative analysis to investigate the connection between the talent management (TM) mechanism and work engagement with a perceived moderating effect of the self-perceived talen...

Residual cognitive symptoms are associated with reduced daily life functioning, quality of life and represent a risk factor for relapse of major depressive disorder (MDD). There are few studies targeting self-perceived residual cognitive symptoms after MDD. The current open pilot study examines clinical outcomes and feasibility of a novel internet-delivered cognitive enhancement treatment for mood disorders specifically tailored to target self-perceived residual cognitive symptoms after MDD. A total of 43 adults with self-perceived residual cognitive symptoms after MDD were included. Participants were assessed pre- and post-treatment and at 6-month follow-up. The intervention consists of 10 modules that includes psychoeducation, cognitive strategies, and attention training, coupled with weekly therapist guidance. Results showed a significant reduction from pre- to post-treatment in self-perceived residual cognitive symptoms (d = 0.98) and rumination (d = 0.63). Results remained significant at the 6-month follow-up (d = 1.06; d = 0.86). Reliable change in self-perceived residual cognitive symptoms were obtained in 60% of the participants from pre- to post-treatment. Completion rates (86%) and treatment satisfaction (97%) were high. This open pilot study supports that targeting self-perceived residual cognitive symptoms after MDD through internet-delivered cognitive enhancement therapy for mood disorders may be feasible and provide stable reductions in self-perceived residual cognitive symptoms and rumination. publishedVersion

Introduction: Osteoporosis is more prevalent in women, especially following menopause. The total affected population would have been around 35 to 40 million. Morbidity due to disease includes decreased mobility, decreased quality of life, and increased risk of mortality following an osteoporotic fracture. The morbidity due to the disease may be decreased through diet, exercise, supplementation, and medication. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of 'concern for osteoporosis' and self-perceived 'risk of osteoporosis and fracture' on antiosteoporosis behaviour such as (1) calcium and vitamin D supplementation, (2) seeking medical advice, (3) undergoing bone mineral (BMD) testing, and (4) taking antiosteoporosis medication (AOM). Material And Method:The study was conducted on women attending outpatient clinic of the Obstretics and Gynaecology and Orthopaedics department. Patients were required to ll up the Global Longitudinal Osteoporosis in Women Questionnaire. Enrolled patients were contacted after one year by means of telephone calls, hospital visits and home visits and data was collected for self-reported use of supplements, self-reported seeking of medical advice regarding osteoporosis, self-reported BMD testing, and self-reported use of antiosteoporosis medications etc. Results:Total of 1562 women were enrolled for the study out of which data of only 1000 women was analyzed at end of one year. At the end of one year period 360 women reported use of Calcium and or Vitamin D. Table 4 depicts the association between the use of vitamin supplementation and concern and risk perception. Concern (P=0.61), risk perception to osteoporosis (P=0.13), and risk perception to fracture (P=0.29) were not signicantly associated with use of vitamin supplementation in the next 12 months (i.e., calcium and/or vitamin D). Concern (p=

Purpose: We describe the development and the psychometric properties of an instrument to assess self-perceived EOL care competencies for healthcare professionals: The End-of-Life Care Questionnaire (EOL-Q). Methods: The EOL-Q consists of 28 questions assessing knowledge, attitudes and behaviors with subscale items addressing seven domains of care: decision-making, communication, continuity of care, emotional support for patients/families, symptom management, spiritual support for patients/families, and support for clinicians. The EOL-Q was used to assess competencies of 1,197 healthcare professionals from multiple work units at a large medical center. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated for the survey and subscales. A factor analysis was also conducted. Results: Internal consistency reliability was for was high for the total scale (0.93) and for the subscales addressing knowledge, behaviors, decision-making, communication, emotional support and symptom management (0.84-0.92); and moderate (>0.68) for the attitudes and continuity of care subscales. The factor analysis demonstrated robust consolidation of the communication and continuity of care subscales (eigenvalue 9.47), decision-making subscale (eigenvalue 3.38), symptom management subscale (eigenvalue 1.51), and emotional and spiritual support subscales (eigenvalue 1.13). Conclusion: Analysis of the psychometric properties of the EOL-Q care across settings supports its reliability and validity as a measure of self-perceived EOL care competencies in the domains of communication and continuity of care, decision-making, symptom management, and emotional and spiritual support. The EOL-Q displays promise as a tool for use in a variety of educational, research, and program development initiatives in EOL care.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the self-perception of oral malodour and oral hygiene habits among dental students in Ernakulam district of Kerala. Materials and Methods: A structured and validated questionnaire comprising of ten questions was distributed to 787 students of five dental colleges in the Ernakulam district of Kerala. The questionnaire evaluated the self-perception of halitosis, the oral hygiene practices among them and the presence of gingival bleeding, dental caries and dryness of mouth. Results: The dental students here included 678 females and 109 males. Self-perceived halitosis was reported by 46(42.2%) male students and 221(32.6%) female students showing a statistically significant difference (p

BACKGROUND: Given that training is integral to providing constructive peer feedback, we examined the impact of a regularly reinforced, structured peer assessment method on student-reported feedback abilities throughout a two-year preclinical Communication Skills course. METHODS: Three consecutive 32-student medical school classes were introduced to the Observation-Reaction-Feedback method for providing verbal assessment during Year 1 Communication Skills orientation. In biweekly small-group sessions, students received worksheets reiterating the method and practiced giving verbal feedback to peers. Periodic questionnaires evaluated student perceptions of feedback delivery and the Observation-Reaction-Feedback method. RESULTS: Biweekly reinforcement of the Observation-Reaction-Feedback method encouraged its uptake, which correlated with reports of more constructive, specific feedback. Compared to non-users, students who used the method noted greater improvement in comfort with assessing peers in Year 1 and continued growth of feedback abilities in Year 2. Comfort with providing modifying feedback and verbal feedback increased over the two-year course, while comfort with providing reinforcing feedback and written feedback remained similarly high. Concurrently, student preference for feedback anonymity decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Regular reinforcement of a peer assessment framework can increase student usage of the method, which promotes the expansion of self-reported peer feedback skills over time. These findings support investigation of analogous strategies in other medical education settings. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40670-021-01242-w.

Objective To explore the self-perceived preparedness and clinical proficiency in headache diagnosis and management of Australian chiropractic students in senior years of study. Methods Australian chiropractic students in the 4th (n = 134) and 5th year (n = 122) of 2 chiropractic university programs were invited to participate in an online cross-sectional survey. Descriptive analyses were conducted for all variables. Post hoc analyses were performed using simple linear regression to evaluate the relationship between self-perceived preparedness and correctness of headache diagnosis and management scores. Results Australian chiropractic students in senior years demonstrated moderate overall levels of self-perceived preparedness and proficiency in their ability to diagnose and manage headache disorders. Final-year students had a slightly higher self-perceived preparedness and proficiency in headache diagnosis and management compared to those students in the 4th year of study. There was no relationship between self-perceived preparedness and correctness of headache diagnosis and management for either 4th- or 5th-year chiropractic students. Conclusion Our findings suggest that there may be gaps in graduate chiropractic student confidence and proficiency in headache diagnosis and management. These findings call for further research to explore graduate chiropractic student preparedness and proficiency in the diagnosis and management of headache disorders.

PurposeThe association between voice alterations, health-related quality of life (HRQL), and chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has previously been reported. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that HRQL and dysphonia-associated handicap of patients diagnosed with asthma or COPD are worse than healthy controls.MethodA case–control study in which participants were recruited by a consecutive sampling method from a single institution was conducted. Three groups were created: (a) asthma (51 patients), (b) COPD (52 patients), and (c) 50 healthy controls. Self-reported handicap associated with dysphonia was assessed using the 30-item Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30); meanwhile, HRQL was tested via the European Quality of Life (EQ) Questionnaire and the EQ–visual analog scale. Also, aerodynamic assessment applied to phonation was assessed, and maximum phonation time and s/e index were registered.ResultsVHI scores were higher for asthma and COPD (7.19 ± 8.31 and 11.80 ± 15.18, respectively) than in the control group (3.72 ± 6.78). The EQ index was lower in asthma and COPD patients than in controls. The EQ–visual analog scale showed lower scores in asthma and COPD than in the controls.ConclusionsHRQL was worse in COPD patients than in asthma patients. Even though the patient groups showed worse VHI and HRQL scores than the healthy controls, the scores fell within the normal variation range. No significant variations in the maximum phonation time index between groups were noted.

This longitudinal study was designed to evaluate the association between acute prestroke stress and the severity stroke and its outcomes including mortality, recurrence, disability and functional dependency. Patients with first-ever stroke (FES) were recruited from the Mashhad Stroke Incidence Study. Patients were asked about any acute severe prestroke stress in the two weeks prior to index stroke. Disability and functional disability were defined using modified the Rankin Scale and Barthel Index, respectively. We used logistic and ordinal regression tests to assess the association between acute prestroke stress and study outcomes. Among 624 patients with FES, 169 reported acute prestroke stress. Patients with acute prestroke stress were younger than those without stress (60.7 ± 14.4 vs. 66.2 ± 14.7; p

Background Female sexual function is a complex model of biological and nonbiological factors. The impact of self-perceived vulvar appearance on female sexual function is not well understood. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the influence of vulvar appearance on sexual function in adult women. The primary aim was to assess the relation between self-perceived vulvar appearance and sexual function. The secondary aim was to assess the influence of prior genital procedures on vulvar appearance and sexual function. Methods An observational study of adult women was conducted utilizing Amazon Mechanical Turk, an online crowdsourcing platform. The survey instrument included demographic information, subjective vulvar appearance measures, and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire. Results Out of 398 respondents, 148 (37.2%) reported concern about their vulvar appearance and 134 (33.7%) reported a history of genital cosmetic procedures. Women who were uncomfortable with their vulvar appearance had lower FSFI scores than those comfortable with their vulvar appearance, 24.6 vs 27.0 (P = 0.01), respectively. Among women uncomfortable with their vulvar appearance, 70.9% of subjects met the criteria for sexual dysfunction. Women who were uncomfortable with their vulvar appearance were significantly more at risk of sexual dysfunction (adjusted odds ratio: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.46-4.10; P < 0.001). Women with a history of cosmetic genital procedures were significantly more at risk of sexual dysfunction (adjusted odds ratio: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.43-4.23). Conclusions Women who are uncomfortable with their vulvar appearance had higher rates of sexual dysfunction. Women seeking cosmetic genital procedures should be screened for sexual dysfunction to facilitate realistic expectations and optimal care.

Studies have sought to understand the underrepresentation of women and racial/ethnic minority groups in STEM, but less attention has been paid to primary school students. Using data from a national...

This study examined the roles of religiosity, shame, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and scrupulosity in perceived pornography addiction. We theorized that religiosity causes pornography users to feel shame regarding their use, and in turn, self-identify as addicted to pornography, especially for individuals high on one of several proposed moderators. Participants were 645-646 pornography users who believe in a theistic God. Confirmatory analyses indicated that religious primes did not have indirect or moderated indirect effects on perceived addiction. However, exploratory analyses revealed that religious primes were associated with higher shame, and in turn, perceived addiction among individuals high on both organizational religiosity and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder compulsivity subscales. Additionally, self-reported religiosity had indirect effects on perceived addiction via shame, especially among individuals high on scrupulosity or moral disapproval of pornography.

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between physical self-concept and actual indicators of physical fitness in early and mid-adolescence. Physical self-concept plays a significant role in adolescence, as this phase of life is characterised by many physical, mental, and emotional changes. A total of 427 Slovenian boys and girls from two age groups (early and middle adolescence) were studied. Physical self-concept was assessed with the Slovenian version of Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, while the Sports-educational Chart was used to measure physical fitness. The results showed that the older group scored better on all measures of physical fitness, except for general endurance. In terms of age-related differences in physical self-concept, older adolescents showed poorer physical perceptions of their strength and flexibility and higher global self-esteem compared to their younger peers. Correlation analysis showed that physical self-concept and actual indicators of physical fitness were related, despite incomplete overlap between psychological dimensions and objective measures. The obtained results can be transferred to physical education, as the development of a positive physical self-concept is one of the most important educational goals. Key words: physical self-concept, actual physical fitness, adolescence, self-perceptions

Background Access to dental care is of growing importance to individuals with chronic illnesses and policymakers alike. Objectives To explore personal views of diabetic and non-diabetic women regarding their oral health and access to dental care. Methods A qualitative study was performed involving 6 diabetic and 6 non-diabetic female hospital attendees. A thematic framework approach was used to analyze the interviews. Results Responses yield three emerging central themes: oral health impact, self-maintained oral health and dental service delivery and costs. Personal views varied particularly in oral health self-perception and visiting the dentist. Certain drawbacks shadowed the quality of care in governmental and private sectors. Response variations were observed among diabetics and non-diabetics. Conclusion Within the study limits, female hospital attendees had variable responses on how they looked upon their oral health. A variation in oral hygiene practices and visiting the dentist was observed. Participants believed that governmental and private clinics offered high quality care, with high treatment costs in private clinics and long waiting times in the public service being the main drawbacks. Practical Significance: Importance of supporting patients, educating practitioners and alarming policymakers about the impact of oral health problems and access to dental care.