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Aim: In recent years, corn syrup and trans fats have an important place in food production and consumption. Since trans fats (TF) and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) can cause similar negative effects on health, the aim of this study was to determine the changes in some biochemical parameters of an organism following the intake of HFCS and TF in the diet. Materials and Methods: Wistar Albino male rats (n = 24) were divided 4 equal groups. Control group (C) was fed with a standard rat feed, 2nd group with cotton fat, 3rd group with trans fat, and 4th group with trans fat and corn syrup for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected on day 0 by the supraorbital method and on day 60 by the intracardiac method under anesthesia. Glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, AST, ALT, ALP, SOD, and GGT analyzes were performed. Results: In the present study, trans fats increased triglyceride concentration, decreased HDL concentration and caused changes in some liver enzyme values. Increase in glucose and triglyceride concentration and decrease in HDL and GGT analyzes were statistically significant (p ˂ 0.05). The increase and decrease in LDL, AST and HbA1c analyzes were not statistically significant (p ˃ 0.05). Conclusion: High fructose corn syrup and trans fatty acid found in foods ıt was concluded that the amount should be limited as much as possible, and these limitations will positively affect human health., Amaç: Son yıllarda mısır şurubu ve trans yağlar gıda üretimi ve tüketiminde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Trans yağlar (TF) ve yüksek fruktozlu mısır şurubunun (HFCS) sağlık üzerinde benzer olumsuz etkilere neden olabileceğinden yola çıkılarak, diyette HFCS ve TF alımını sonucunda organizmada meydana gelen bazı biyokimyasal parametrelerindeki değişiklikleri belirlemek çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Wistar Albino erkek sıçanlar (n = 24) 4 eşit gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu (C) 8 hafta boyunca standart fare yemi, 2. grup pamuk yağı, 3. grup trans yağ ve 4. grup trans yağ ve mısır şurubu ile beslendi. Çalışma gruplarından anestezi altında 0. günde supraorbital yöntemle ve 60. günde intrakardiyak yöntemle kan alımı gerçekleştirildi. Glukoz, HbA1c, trigliserit, kolesterol, HDL, LDL, AST, ALT, ALP, SOD ve GGT analizleri yapıldı. Bulgular: Sunulan çalışmada trans yağların, trigliserit konsantrasyonunu arttırdığı, HDL konsantrasyonunu azalttığı, bazı karaciğer enzim değerlerinde değişmelere neden olduğu görülmüştür. Glukoz ve trigliserit konsantrasyonunda artış, HDL ve GGT analizlerinde azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı (p ˂ 0.05). LDL, AST ve HbA1c analizlerindeki artış ve azalma istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p ˃ 0.05). Öneri: Gıdalarda bulunan yüksek fruktozlu mısır şurubu ve trans yağ asidi miktarının mümkün olduğunca sınırlandırılması gerektiği ve bu sınırlamaların insan sağlığını olumlu etkileyeceği sonucuna varıldı.

Glenfatik sistem, yeni keşfedilen bir atık temizleme sistemidir. Merkezi sinir sisteminden (MSS) metabolitlerin ve çözünen proteinlerin aktif bir şekilde uzaklaştırılmasını sağlar. Astrositler ve bunların sitoplazmik uzantılarında yer alan Aquaporin-4 su kanalları (AQP-4) tarafından oluşturulan bu sistem benzersiz bir perivasküler kanal ağına sahiptir. Bu sistemin uyku sırasında aktivite göstermesi ve uyanık olma sürecinde fonksiyon gösterememesi dikkat çekici bulunmuştur. Mevcut sistemin uyku durumunda fonksiyon göstermesi ve buna bağlı olarak MSS’den nörotoksik atık ürünlerin uzaklaştırılması biyolojik uyku ihtiyacının önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Glenfatik sistem kavramı nispeten yeni bir kavram olduğundan, bu derlemede temel yapısal unsurlarını, fonksiyonlarını ve belli bazı nörodejeneratif hastalıklarla olan ilişkisine bakarak klinik açıdan önemini değerlendireceğiz. Ayrıca, çeşitli hastalıklarda fonksiyonun baskılandığını ve glenfatik sistemdeki işlevsel yetersizliğin ne gibi hastalıklara sebep olabileceğini gösteren çalışmalar hakkında bilgi vereceğiz., The glymphatic system is a newly discovered waste cleaning system. It provides active removal of metabolites and soluble proteins from the central nervous system (CNS). This system, formed by Aquaporin-4 water channels (AQP-4) located on astrocytes and their cytoplasmic extensions, has an unlike perivascular canal network. It is remarkable that this system is active during sleep and cannot acts during the wakefulness process. The functioning of the current system in sleep state and the removal of neurotoxic waste products from the CNS accordingly reveal the importance of the biological requirement for sleep. Since the concept of the glymphatic system is a relatively new concept, we will evaluate its clinical significance in this review by looking at its basic structural elements, functions, and relationship with some certain neurodegenerative diseases. We will give information about some research showing that various diseases causing the functional impairment of the glymphatic system and also which diseases the functional impairment of the glymphatic system may cause.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, streptozotosin (STZ) ile deneysel olarak diyabet oluşturulan ratlarda Koenzim Q10 (CoQ10)'un testis dokusu üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada otuz dört yetişkin erkek Wistar Albino rat kullanılmıştır. Hayvanlar kontrol grubu (K), yağ grubu (Y; günlük 0,3 ml intraperitoneal mısır yağı enjeksiyonu), CoQ10 grubu (CoQ10; günlük 10 mg/kg CoQ10'un intraperitoneal enjeksiyonu), diyabet grubu (D; günde tek doz olmak üzere iki gün 40 mg/kg STZ subkutan enjeksiyonu) ve diyabet+CoQ10 grubu (D+ CoQ10; diyabet oluşturulan ratlara günlük 10 mg/kg CoQ10'un intraperitoneal enjeksiyonu) olmak üzere beş gruba ayrılmıştır. Dördüncü haftanın sonunda hayvanlar sakrifiye edilerek testis doku örnekleri alınmış ve tartılmıştır. Alınan doku örnekleri Bouin solüsyonunda tespit edilerek rutin histolojik tekniklerle işlenmiştir. Kesitler genel histolojik yapının belirlenmesi için H&E boyama yöntemi ile boyanmıştır. PCNA reaktivitesi ise immunohistokimyasal yöntemle belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Yapılan çalışma sonucunda diyabet ve diyabet+CoQ10 gruplarında, kontrol, yağ ve CoQ10 gruplarına göre ortalama canlı ağırlığın önemli oranda azaldığı, gonadosomatik indeksin (GSI) ise yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir (p, Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of CoQ10 on testes in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, thirty-four adult male Wistar Albino rats were used. The animals were divided into five groups: Control group (K), oil group (Y; daily intraperitoneal injection of 0,3 ml corn oil), CoQ10 group (CoQ10; daily intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg CoQ10), Diabetes group (D; subcutan injection of 40 mg/kg STZ, single daily dose for two days), and Diabetes+ CoQ10 group (D+CoQ10; Diabetic rats was injected daily intraperitoneally 10 mg/kg CoQ10). At the end of fourth week, tissue samples were obtained from sacrified animals. Testes were weighed, then fixed in Bouin's solution and processed by means of routine histological techniques. Sections were stained with H&E staining method to determine the general histological structure. Also, PCNA reactivity was determined by immunohistochemical method. Results: The mean body weight was significantly decreased in diabetes and diabetes+ CoQ10 groups when compared to control, oil and CoQ10 groups but the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was found higher in diabetes groups (p

Aim: The effects of feeding with different plants on some biochemical parameters in free-range broiler farming were investigated. Materials and Methods: Hubbard Isa Red-JA broiler chicks were used: The 1st group (control) was fed ad libitum with consantrated feed in closed cages. The 2nd group was fed with Medicago sativa L, the 3rd group with Bromus inermis Leyss and the 4th group with 50% alfalfa+50% bromegrass cultivated areas, by means of mobile cages. Thymus vulgaris L. was cultivated among all groups. On the 42nd and 84th days, blood samples were taken from 8 of the chicks in each main group (totally 64 animals). Serum iron, magnesium, total lipid, urea, uric acid, creatinine, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin concentrations, and gamma glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatin kinase activities were determined. Results: Iron concentrations increased in the 2nd and 3rd groups on the 42th day and in the 2nd and 4th groups on the 84th day, compared to control (p < 0.05). Magnesium concentrations were higher in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups, compared to control, on the 42nd day (p < 0.05). Total lipid concentrations were higher in the 3rd and 4th groups on the 42nd day, while lower in the 2nd group on the 84th day, compared to control (p < 0.05). Uric acid concentrations decreased on the 84th day in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups, compared to control (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is suggested to feed broilers in free-range system with Medicago sativa L, Bromus inermis Leyss and Thymus vulgaris L., Amaç: Serbest sistem etlik piliç yetiştiriciliğinde farklı bitkiler ile beslemenin bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkileri araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Hubbard Isa Red-JA etlik piliç civcivleri kullanıldı: 1. grup (kontrol) kapalı kafeslerde konsantre yem ile ad libitum beslendi. 2. grup yonca, 3. grup kılçıksız brom ve 4. grup % 50 yonca + % 50 kılçıksız brom ekili alanlarda mobil kafesler aracılığıyla beslendi. Tüm gruplar arasına kekik ekildi. 42. ve 84. günlerde her ana gruptaki civcivlerin 8'inden (toplam 64 hayvan) kan örnekleri alındı. Serum demir, magnezyum, total lipid, üre, ürik asit, kreatinin, total bilirubin, direkt bilirubin konsantrasyonları ile gama glutamil transferaz, laktat dehidrogenaz ve kreatin kinaz aktiviteleri belirlendi. Bulgular: Demir konsantrasyonları 42. günde 2. ve 3. gruplarda, 84. günde 2. ve 4. gruplarda kontrol grubuna kıyasla arttı (p

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, yumurtaya verilen farklı dozlarda BPA’nın iskelet kası gelişimi üzerindeki etkilerinin histolojik metotlarla belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Isa Brown ırkı sağlıklı ticari anaçlardan elde edilen 310 adet döllü tavuk yumurtası kontrol, taşıyıcı, 50,100 ve 250 μg/yumurta olmak üzere 5 gruba ayrıldı. Test solüsyonları inkübasyon öncesi yumurta sarısına enjekte edildi. Kuluçkanın 13, 18 ve 21. günlerinde, her gruptan 10 canlı embriyo elde edilinceye kadar rastgele yumurta seçilerek açıldı. Embriyolardan alınan iskelet kası (musculus fibularis longus, musculus sternocoracoideus pectoralis) doku örnekleri %10'luk formol solüsyonunda tespit edildi ve rutin histolojik tekniklerle işlenerek parafinde bloklandı. Kesitler Crossmon’un üçlü boyama yöntemi ile boyandı. PCNA (Proliferating cell nuclear antigen) reaktivitesi ise immünohistokimyasal yöntemle belirlendi. Bulgular: Kas gelişiminin BPA uygulanan gruplarda geri kaldığı ve PCNA pozitif hücre sayısının da daha yüksek olduğu dikkati çekti (p, Aim: The aim of this study was to determine of the effects of in ovo administered BPA on embryonic development skeletal muscle using histological methods in chickens. Materials and Methods: 310 fertile eggs of Isa Brown laying parent stock were divided into 5 groups as control, vehicle control, 50, 100, and 250 μg/egg BPA. At the 13th, 18th and 21st days of incubation, eggs were randomly opened from each group until 10 live embryos were obtained. Skeletal muscle tissue samples (musculus fibularis longus, musculus sternocoracoideus pectoralis) taken from embryos were fixed in 10% formol solution and processed with routine histological techniques and immersed in paraffin. Sections were stained with Crossmon's triple staining method. Also, PCNA (Proliferating cell nuclear antigen) reactivity was determined by immunohistochemical method. Results: Embryonic development of skeletal muscle was retarded in BPA treated groups. The mean count of PCNA positive cells significantly increased in BPA treated groups when compared to control and vehicle control groups on 21 day of incubation (p

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, veteriner hekimliği biliminde, hayvan besleme ve beslenme hastalıkları özelinde gerçekleştirdiği ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmaları, akademik ve idari görev ve sorumlulukları ile Prof. Dr. Hümeyra Özgen’in bilim tarihi ve bilim dünyasına katkılarını ortaya koymak ve ayrıca veteriner hekimliği tarihinde biyografi ve bibliyografi çalışmalarına katkı sağlamak amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmanın materyalini Selçuk Üniversitesi Rektörlük, Veteriner Fakültesi Dekanlık ve Konya Veteriner Hekimleri Odası Arşivi’nden elde edilen ilk elden kaynaklar ve dönemin gazete haberleri oluşturdu. Belge analizinden elde edilen bilgiler retrospektif yaklaşımla kronolojiye uygun olarak yazıya aktarıldı. Bulgular: İstanbul’da 1924 yılında doğan Özgen, yükseköğrenimini 1946’da Yüksek Ziraat Enstitüsü Veteriner Fakültesi’nde Ankara’da tamamladı. 1949’da Bakteriyoloji ihtisasını, 1951’de Almanya’da doktorasını yaptı ve 1952’de Dr. Med. Veteriner unvanı aldı. 1962’de Dr. Asistan olarak AÜ Veteriner Fakültesi Yem Maddeleri ve Hayvan Besleme Kürsüsü’nde göreve başlayan Özgen, Zootekni ve Hayvan Besleme Bölümü’nde ilk kadın akademisyen unvanı aldı. Özgen, 1966’da Doçentlik ve 1972’de ise Profesörlük kadrosuna atandı. 1978’de F.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi’nde Dekanlık görevine atanan Özgen, veteriner hekimliği tarihinde bir ilk olarak 1982’de S.Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi kurucu kadın dekanı oldu. Öneri: Veteriner fakülteleri içerisinde ilk kadın kurucu Dekan olan Özgen’in, Türkiye’deki üniversitelere bağlı tüm fakülteler içerisinde de ilk kadın kurucu dekan olup olmadığının araştırılmaya muhtaç bir konu olduğu önerilebilir., Aim: In this study, it was aimed to reveal the national and international studies carried out veterinary science in general and animal nutrition and nutrition diseases in particular, academic and administrative duties and responsibilities, and the contributions of Prof. Dr. Hümeyra Özgen to the history of science and the world of science, and also contribute to biography and bibliography studies in the history of veterinary medicine. Materials and Methods: The material of the study consisted of primary sources and newspaper of the period obtained from archives of the Selcuk University Rectorate, the Deaconship of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Konya Chamber of Veterinarians. The information obtained from the document analysis was written in accordance with chronology with a retrospective approach. Results: Born in Istanbul in 1924, Özgen completed her higher education at Ankara Veterinary Faculty of Higher Agricultural Institute in 1946. She completed her Bacteriology specialization in 1949 and her doctorate in Germany in 1951 and she received the title of Dr. Med. Vet. in 1952. Özgen, who started to work as a Dr. Assistant at AU Veterinary Faculty, Feedstuffs and Animal Nutrition in 1962, received the title of first female academician in Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Nutrition. Özgen was appointed as Associate Professor in 1966 and Professor in 1972. Özgen, who was appointed as Dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at F.U. in 1978, became the founding dean of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at S.U. as the first founding female dean in the history of veterinary medicine in 1982. Conclusion: It can be suggested that it is a subject in need of further investigation whether the first founder woman Dean Özgen, the first woman in the faculties of veterinary medicine known as founder dean, in all faculties of universities in Turkey

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Afyonkarahisar ilindeki koyunlarda Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) enfeksiyonunun varlığı serolojik olarak belirlenerek, söz konusu bölgede MVV enfeksiyonu ile ilişkili risk faktörlerinin analiz edilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu amaçla bölgeden epidemiyolojik örneklem büyüklüğü göz önünde bulundurularak, 22 koyun sürüsünden 248 adet serum örneği Mayıs 2016- Nisan 2018 yılları arasında rastgele toplandı. Toplanan örnekler, MVV spesifik antikorları için ELISA kitiyle test edildi. Potansiyel MVV risk faktörleri istatistiki olarak tek değişkenli logistik regresyon analizi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Örneklenen hayvanlarda seropozitivite değeri %5.65 (14/248), sürü bazında %13.63 (3/22) olarak bulundu. Seropozitiflik değeri dişi ve erkeklerde sırasıyla %3.94ve 13.33 olarak belirlendi. Hayvan bazında, sürüdeki keçi varlığı ve cinsiyet ile hastalık enfeksiyonunun seropozitifliği arasında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edildi (p, Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the presence of Maedi-Visna Virus (MVV) infection in sheep in Afyonkarahisar province serologically and to analyze the risk factors associated with MVV infection in the region. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, 248 serum samples were randomly collected from 22 sheep flocks considering the epidemiological sample size from the region between May 2016 and April 2018. Collected samples were tested with the ELISA kit for MVV specific antibodies. Potential MVV risk factors were evaluated statistically by univariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The seropositivity in the ensampled animals was found to be 5.65% (14/248), and it was 13.63% on the basis of flock (3/22). Seropositivity was determined to be 3.94% and 13.33% in males and females, respectively. On the basis of animals, there was a statistically significant relationship between the presence of goat in the flock and gender and seropositivity of the disease infection (p

Amaç: Kene kontrolü için amaçlanan temel ilaç sorunu konakçılar üzerinde uygulama dozuna gelişen dirençtir. Glaucium flavum ve Peganum harmala'dan alkaloitlerin akarisit etkileri doğal ortamda enfekte olan köpeklerden toplanan invitro olarak yetişkin dişi Rhipicephalus sp türünde değerlendirildi. Gereç ve Yöntem: Her iki ekstraktın akarisit faaliyetleri (3.12, 6.2, 12.5, 25 ve 50 mg / ml), erişkin daldırma testi, üreme indeksi ve inhibisyon yumurtlama kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Metanolik ekstraktların neden olduğu mortalite yüzdesi her iki bitkinin % 3.66 ila 50 mg / ml arasındaki konsantrasyonlarda test edildiğinde % 41.66 ila 75 arasında değişmekteydi ve kontrole kıyasla önemli ölçüde farklıydı (p, Aim: The major problem of drug intended for tick control is resistance developed to application doses on the hosts. The acaricidal effects of alkaloids from Glaucium flavum and Peganum harmala were evaluated in vitro on adult female of Rhipicephalus sp. collected in naturally infected dogs. Materials and Methods: The acaricide activities of the both extracts (3.12, 6.2, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/ml) were evaluated using the adult immersion test, reproductive index and inhibition oviposition. DMSO (1%) and SEB (1µl/ml) were used as a negative and positive control. Results: The percent mortality caused by the methanolic extracts of both plants varied from 41.66 to 75 %, when tested at concentrations ranging from 3.12 to 50 mg/ml, and significantly different compared to control (p

WOS: 000489577400003, In Turkey, the institutions established to serve the purpose of sheltering and rehabilitating abandoned, weakened and stray animals are known as an animal shelter, rehabilitation centre or a (temporary) animal sanctuary. In this study, we aim to explore the general structure of the care and treatment services provided in shelters in Turkey which host stray animals and to take the veterinarians' opinions on veterinary care, who work in these shelters. Twenty-eight shelters from 28 provinces, with four cities from seven regions of Turkey, were included in this study. Data was collected through the survey form (personnel status, physical condition, routine practices, duties and authorities of the personnel and functioning of the institution) prepared as a result of the legislation texts and literature reviews. In addition, 67 veterinarians working in these institutions were interviewed face to face to determine attitudes about shelter practice and their opinions and recommendations were obtained. It is identified that the number of shelter staff is generally insufficient. Routine care includes vaccination, spaying, marking with microchip/ear tag, registration and adopting etc. It is determined that there are differences between regions in terms of giving specialization training for medicine in shelters (P=0.031). In addition, almost all veterinarians reported that a veterinarian should be conscientious and patient (95.5%). There are many reasons behind the problem of stray animals in Turkey and veterinarians have critical roles to play on behalf of the solution to this problem. For solutions to the problems, proposals include providing cooperation between the institutions and sharing responsibilities; increasing the staff recruitment of veterinary and auxiliary staff; ensuring information and raising the awareness of veterinarians and assistants by training and courses; increasing the number and opportunities of shelters.

WOS: 000489577400018, The objectives of this study were to determine renal volume, volume ratios in New Zealand rabbits by stereological methods, reveal the histomorphological properties of tubulus proximalis, tubulus distalis, collecting tubule, Henie's loop and number of glomerulus. Besides, it is to investigate the possible differences between the functional subcomponents of the right and left kidneys and the effects of gender discrimination on them. The study was carried out on 9 males and 9 females healthy New Zealand rabbits' kidneys. After weighing kidneys, diameters and lengths were measured with a digital caliper. Total kidney volume and volume fractions of subcomponents of left and right kidneys were estimated by Cavalieri's method. The histological section was taken from the sampled kidneys and kidney structures in the unit area were counted. After all values of each component were expressed as ratios with in kidney, they were analyzed statistically to reveal differences between sexes. There was no statistical difference between the renal densities. The right dorsoventral and mediolateral diameters of the females and males were found to be greater than the left (P0.05). It was determined that the number of left collecting tubules in female rabbits was higher than males and it was statistically significant (P

Aim: This study aimed to identify miRNAs expressed in Kangal Akkaraman lambs and to identify miRNAs that may be associated with average daily weight gain (ADWG). Materials and Methods: According to their ADWG, lambs were separated into two groups: those with ADWGs between 270-412 g (mean:323 g) were considered to have high daily gain (HDG) and those with ADWGs below 200 g (mean:125 g) were considered to have low daily gain (LDG). Blood samples were taken, and white blood cells were processed for RNA extraction. Illumina Novaseq was used to prepare and sequence miRNA libraries (LDG and HDG groups). Readings were mapped. Additionally, using DESeq R package (1.8.3), differential expression analysis of two groups was carried out. Based on the RNA-seq data, the two miRNAs with the highest fold increase were selected and their expression levels were tested by quantitative Real-time PCR (RTqPCR) Results: There were identified to be 129 known miRNAs, 134 new miRNAs were predicted, 40 significant differentially expressed miRNAs, of which 12 were up-regulated and 28 down-regulated, were identified (LDG vs HDG). According to RNA-seq results, the two miRNAs with the highest fold change were detected; 0,66 (oar-miR-21) and 0,61 (oar-miR-150). It was determined by RT-qPCR that HDG sheep had 0,63 times lower oar-mir-150 expression, which was not statistically significant, compared to LDG sheep. However, oarmir-21 was found to be statistically significantly less expressed 0,40 times in the HDG group (p < 0,05). Conclusion: It is thought that the obtained data can contribute to ADWG breeding studies in Kangal Akkaraman sheep.

Aim: Declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, Covid-19 has raised significant psychological concerns and physical problems in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the methods of coping with stress of the SUFVM students with socio-demographic characteristics, experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic process, and professional career concerns. Materials and Methods: The research sample consisted of 644 students from the 1st-5th grades who continued their education at SUFVM in the 2019-2020 academic year and agreed to participate in the research. The research was carried out by filling in the questionnaire form sent to the participants’ mobile phones between 14-22 December 2020 voluntarily. The questionnaire consisted of four parts in total, which determined socio-demographic characteristics, professional career concerns, and experiences with Covid-19, and measuring the style of coping with stress. Results: It was determined that SUFVM students used the most“self-confident approaches” (%27) and the least “seeking social support” (%13) sub-factors among the strategies to cope with stress, female students had higher “helpless approaches” scores (%22) than male students (%21), and fifth-grade students had “helpless approaches” scores were lower than the other classes, and the third-grade students had higher “submissive approaches” scores compared to other classes. Conclusion: It can be said that the coping strategies SUFVM students use are mostly problem-based active styles, and they use passive styles related to emotions less, also it is very important for them to develop skills to cope with stressful situations such as the Covid-19 pandemic., Amaç: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından 11 Mart 2020 tarihinde pandemi olarak ilan edilen Covid-19, insanlarda fiziksel sorunlar ile birlikte önemli derecede psikolojik endişeleri de gündeme getirdi. Bu çalışma ile Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi öğrencilerinin stresle başa çıkma yöntemlerinin; sosyodemografik özellikleri, Covid-19 pandemi sürecindeki deneyimler ve mesleki kariyer endişeleri ile olan ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim döneminde Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesinde eğitim-öğretime devam eden ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 1- 5. sınıf öğrencilerinden toplam 644 öğrenci oluşturdu. Araştırma, 14-22 Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında katılımcıların cep telefonlarına gönderilen anket formunun gönüllülük esasına göre doldurulması ile gerçekleştirildi. Anket formu, sosyo-demografik özellikleri, mesleki kariyer endişelerini ve Covid-19 ile ilgili deneyimlerini belirleyen ve stresle başa çıkma tarzını ölçen toplam dört bölümden oluştu. Bulgular: Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi öğrencilerinin stresle baş etme stratejilerinden en fazla “kendine güvenli yaklaşım” (%27), en az olarak da “sosyal destek arama” (%13) alt faktörlerini kullandığı, kadın öğrencilerin (%22) erkek öğrencilere kıyasla (%21) “çaresiz yaklaşım” puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu, beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin “çaresiz yaklaşım” puanlarının diğer sınıflara göre düşük olduğu ve üçüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin ise diğer sınıflara kıyasla “boyun eğici yaklaşım” puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Öneri: Sonuç olarak Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi öğrencilerinin kullandıkları başa çıkma stratejilerinin daha çok probleme dayalı aktif tarzlar olduğu, duygulara yönelik pasif tarzları ise daha az kullandıkları, ayrıca Covid-19 pandemisi gibi stresli durumlar ile başa çıkma becerileri geliştirmelerinin oldukça önemli olduğu söylenebilir.

WOS: 000488603500001, PubMed: 31570012, We investigated the adverse effects of paclitaxel (PAC) on blood characteristics including the percentage of alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE)-positive peripheral blood lymphocytes, white cell count, number of neutrophil nuclear lobe and, erythrocyte diameter, and the protective effects of resveratrol (RES) on these characteristics. Male New Zealand rabbits were assigned to four groups. The control group (C) was given 40 ml normal saline, the PAC group was given 5 mg/kg PAC in 40 ml normal saline, the RES group was given 4 mg/kg RES in 40 ml normal saline, and the PAC + RES group was given 5 mg/kg PAC + 4 mg/kg RES in 40 ml normal saline. All injections were performed intravenously once/week for 8 weeks. PAC caused an increased total percentage of lymphocytes and monocytes, which was associated with neutropenia. The PAC group showed a right shift in the lobulation curve of neutrophil nuclei together with a decreased percentage of ANAE-positive lymphocytes. RES reduced the percentage of ANAE-positive lymphocytes, slightly increased the percentage of neutrophil leukocytes and reduced the total lymphocyte count. Administration of RES combined with PAC prevented, while PAC induced, neutropenia and lymphocytosis, and increased the percentage of ANAE-positive lymphocytes., Selcuk University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitSelcuk University [14202004], This research is part of Sercan Kaya's Master's thesis and was supported by the Selcuk University, Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under Grant number 14202004.

WOS: 000484118100017, PubMed: 30644082, Background: Guinea pig is a species belonging to the Caviidae family of the Rodentia order and is frequently used in experimental studies. Biomedical imaging methods are used in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases in medicine. Among these methods, computed tomography (CT) is one of the most important imaging methods. In this study, it was aimed to perform the three-dimensional (3D) modelling of the CT images, obtained from the humerus and femur in the guinea pigs, via the MIMICS programme, and to make some biometric measurements regarding the bones over these models. Materials and methods: In the present study, 12 male adult guinea pigs were used. The soft tissue on the humerus and femur bones of the guinea pigs was removed. After this procedure, CT images at a 0.5 mm-thickness were obtained from the animals. The images were recorded in DICOM format. Then, the reconstruction process was performed from the images by using the 3D modelling programme MIMICS (R) 13.1. On the 3D model of the humerus and femur (right-left), volumes, surface areas and lengths as well as other biometric parameters were measured separately, and the values were recorded. In addition, measurements of the bones were made with the help of a digital calliper. Results: Among the parameters obtained from 3D models, a statistical difference was observed between the right and left cortical thicknesses of the femur from the measurements of calliper and the right and left humerus volumes (p < 0.05); whereas, no statistical difference was found in other parameters of both measurements (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It can be stated that CT and 3D modelling can be used for the measurement of some parameters in the long bones of the guinea pigs., SUBAPKSelcuk University [17401095], A portion of this study's abstract was presented in "1st International Health Science and Life Congress". This study was supported by SUBAPK (17401095).

Amaç: Bu çalışmada akut kadmiyum toksikasyonuna maruz kalan ratlarda quercetinin bazı kan parametreleri ile antioksidan sistem üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu amaç doğrultusunda, canlı ağırlıkları birbirine yakın olarak seçilmiş 30 adet yetişkin erkek “WistarAlbino” rat kullanıldı. Çalışmada kullanılan hayvanlar Kontrol grubu (K), Kadmiyum grubu (Cd), Quercetin grubu (Q) ve Kadmiyum + Quercetin grubu (CdQ) olmak üzere dört gruba ayrıldı. Cd grubunda yer alan ratlara 3 gün boyunca 4mg/kg/ canlı ağırlık/gün dozunda kadmiyum klorür (CdCl2) subkutan olarak uygulanırken, Q ve CdQ grubundaki ratlara ise 50 mg/ kg/canlı ağırlık/gün dozunda quercetin intraperitonal olarak yine 3 gün boyunca enjekte edildi. Kontrol grubunda yer alan ratlara herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. Kan örnekleri çalışmanın başlangıcından sonraki 4. günde toplandı. Bulgular: Deneme sonunda serum ve plazma örneklerinden SOD, MDA, GSH, katalaz, ALT, AST, GGT, total protein ve albümin düzeyleri belirlendi. Serum MDA düzeyinin sadece Cd uygulanan grupta önemli oranda yüksek olduğu belirlendi (P, Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of quercetin on antioxidant system and some blood parameters in rats exposed to acute cadmium toxicity. Materials and Methods: Adult male “Wistar-Albino” rats (n = 30) were used and divided into four groups as Control (C, n = 6), Cadmium (Cd, n = 8), Quercetin (Q, n = 8) and Cadmium + Quercetin (Cd + Q, n = 8). Cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 4 mg/ kg daily, s.c) were administrated to Cd and Cd+Q groups, and Quercetin (Q, 50 mg/kg daily, i.p) were given to Q and Cd + Q groups for 3 days, respectively. Control group was not recieved any treatment. Blood samples were collected from all animals at fourth day after treatments. Results: The levels of serum SOD, MDA, GSH, catalase, and plasma ALT, AST, GGT, total protein, albumin were detected. Although, serum MDA levels were found higher (P< 0.05) in Cd than the other groups, it was similiar in Q and C groups. ALT, AST and GGT enzyme levels were observed higher in Cd than C and Q groups (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Negative effects of acute cadmium toxicity on antioxidan system and some hematological parameters were ameliorated with quercetin treatment in rats.

Aim: This study aims to determine the morphological and morphometric differences of the corpus callosum in terms of sex using high-resolution images obtained from formalin-fixed sheep brains by 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: In the study, a total of 18 adult healthy Akkaraman sheep brains (9 females and 9 males), which had no anomaly and were fixed with formaldehyde, were used. Morphometric measurements in sheep brains were performed on T2-weighted images obtained from 3T MRI. First, the midsagittal cross-sectional area of the corpus callosum was calculated using MIMICS. Before morphometric measurements, images were converted from DICOM format to NIfTI format in the MRcronGL. Then, the normalization of the images were performed using the standard template in the ITK-SNAP. After that images were opened in the ITK-SNAP, and morphometric measurements were performed in genu corporis callosi, truncus corporis callosi, and splenium corporis callosi. Results: In sheep, the lower surface of the truncus corporis callosi, which forms the roof of the ventriculus lateralis, was more concave than dog and cat, and flatter than human, horse and rabbit. There was no sexual dimorphism in corpus callosum length, midsagittal corpus callosum cross-sectional area, genu corporis callosi width, truncus corporis callosi width and splenium corporis callosi width. Similarly, no sexual dimorphism was observed in the ratio between midsagittal corpus callosum cross-sectional area and brain weight and volume. However, it was observed that the ratio between surface area and volume was very close to the difference frequently encountered in this parameter in studies conducted in humans and other mammals. Conclusion: It is thought that the findings obtained from healthy sheep brains in this study can be used in neurodegenerative disease models created in sheep in neuroscience studies and experimental studies, Amaç: Bu çalışmada formaldehit ile tespit edilmiş koyun beyninden 3T Manyetik Rezonans Görüntüleme (MRG) ile elde edilen yüksek çözünürlükteki görüntüler kullanılarak, corpus callosum’un cinsiyet açısından morfolojik ve morfometrik farklılıklarını ortaya koymak amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada formaldehit ile tespit edilmiş erişkin, sağlıklı ve herhangi bir anomalisi bulunmayan 9 adet dişi ve 9 adet erkek olmak üzere toplam 18 adet Akkaraman koyun beyni kullanıldı. Koyun beynindeki morfometrik ölçümler 3T MRG’den elde edilen T2 ağırlıklı görüntülerde gerçekleştirildi. İlk önce MIMICS programında corpus callosum’un kesit yüzey alanı hesaplandı. Morfometrik ölçümlerden önce MRcronGL programında DICOM formatındaki görüntüler NIfTI formatına dönüştürüldü. Daha sonra ITK-SNAP programında standart şablon kullanılarak görüntülerin normalizasyonu yapıldı. Normalizasyonu gerçekleştirilen görüntüler ITK-SNAP programında açılarak genu corporis callosi, truncus corporis callosi ve splenium corporis callosi’de morfometrik ölçümler gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Koyunlarda truncus corporis callosi’nin venticulus lateralis’in tavanını oluşturduğu alt yüzeyinin köpek ve kediye göre daha içbükey; insan, at ve tavşana göre ise daha düz olduğu tespit edildi. Corpus callosum uzunluğu, corpus callosum yüzey alanı, genu corporis callosi genişliği, truncus corporis callosi genişliği ve splenium corporis callosi genişliği’nde cinsiyet açısından fark tespit edilmedi. Corpus callosum yüzey alanı ile beyin ağırlığı ve hacmi arasındaki oranda benzer şekilde cinsiyet açısından fark gözlenmedi. Ancak yüzey alanı ile hacim arasındaki oranın insanlar ve diğer memelilerde yapılan araştırmalarda bu parametrede sıklıkla karşılaşılan farka çok yakın olduğu gözlendi. Öneri: Bu çalışmada sağlıklı koyun beyinlerinden elde edilen bulguların sinirbilimi çalışmalarında koyunlarda oluşturulan nörodejeneratif hastalık modellerinde ve deneysel çalışmalarda kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir

Amaç: Serbest sistem etlik piliç yetiştiriciliğinde farklı bitkiler ile beslemenin bazı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine etkileri araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Hubbard Isa Red-JA etlik piliç civcivleri kullanıldı: 1. grup (kontrol) kapalı kafeslerde konsantre yem ile ad libitum beslendi. 2. grup yonca, 3. grup kılçıksız brom ve 4. grup % 50 yonca + % 50 kılçıksız brom ekili alanlarda mobil kafesler aracılığıyla beslendi. Tüm gruplar arasına kekik ekildi. 42. ve 84. günlerde her ana gruptaki civcivlerin 8'inden (toplam 64 hayvan) kan örnekleri alındı. Serum demir, magnezyum, total lipid, üre, ürik asit, kreatinin, total bilirubin, direkt bilirubin konsantrasyonları ile gama glutamil transferaz, laktat dehidrogenaz ve kreatin kinaz aktiviteleri belirlendi. Bulgular: Demir konsantrasyonları 42. günde 2. ve 3. gruplarda, 84. günde 2. ve 4. gruplarda kontrol grubuna kıyasla arttı (p, Aim: The effects of feeding with different plants on some biochemical parameters in free-range broiler farming were investigated. Materials and Methods: Hubbard Isa Red-JA broiler chicks were used: The 1st group (control) was fed ad libitum with consantrated feed in closed cages. The 2nd group was fed with Medicago sativa L, the 3rd group with Bromus inermis Leyss and the 4th group with 50% alfalfa+50% bromegrass cultivated areas, by means of mobile cages. Thymus vulgaris L. was cultivated among all groups. On the 42nd and 84th days, blood samples were taken from 8 of the chicks in each main group (totally 64 animals). Serum iron, magnesium, total lipid, urea, uric acid, creatinine, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin concentrations, and gamma glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatin kinase activities were determined. Results: Iron concentrations increased in the 2nd and 3rd groups on the 42th day and in the 2nd and 4th groups on the 84th day, compared to control (p < 0.05). Magnesium concentrations were higher in the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups, compared to control, on the 42nd day (p < 0.05). Total lipid concentrations were higher in the 3rd and 4th groups on the 42nd day, while lower in the 2nd group on the 84th day, compared to control (p < 0.05). Uric acid concentrations decreased on the 84th day in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups, compared to control (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It is suggested to feed broilers in free-ran

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, Burdur yöresinde halk elinde bulunan kovanlıklarda İsrail akut arı felci virusu (IAPV), Sacbrood virus (SBV), Kaşmir arı felci virusu ve Kronik arı felci virusunun (CBPV) Reverz Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) yöntemiyle varlıklarının/yaygınlıklarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmada, 15 arıcılık işletmesinden 30 kovan rastgele seçilerek örnekleme yapılmıştır. Numune alınan kovanların her birinden 30 ergin arı toplanarak, havuz oluşturulmuştur. Örnekler homojenize edildikten sonra total nükleik asit ekstraksiyonu yapılmış, ardından spesifik primerler kullanılarak RT-PCR yöntemiyle söz konusu viruslara ait nükleik asit varlıkları araştırıldı. Bulgular: Araştırmamızda 15 arıcılık işletmesinden alınan 30 örneğin RT-PCR yöntemi ile analiz edilmesi sonucunda 5 arıcılık işletmesinden alınan 10 numunede (%33.3) SBV, iki arıcılık işletmesinden alınan 4 numunede (%13.3) ise KBPV tespit edilmiştir. IAPV ve KBV hiçbir kovanlıkta tespit edilmemiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmelerde 2 işletmeden alınan 4 örneğin hem SBV hem de CBPV ile enfekte olduğu, yani bu kovanlarda miksenfeksiyonun bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Öneri: Söz konusu hastalıkların hem Burdur bölgesinde hem de Türkiye’nin diğer bölgelerinde arı yetiştiriciliği bakımından önemli olduğu ve enfeksiyonların önlenmesi amacı ile ciddi tedbirlerin alınması gerektiği görülmektedir. Arılarda birçok viral etkenin yayılmasında kilit rol oynayan Varroa ile mücadele edilmeli, arı immun direnci arttırılmalı ve viral etkenlerin bulaşmasına engel olmak için gerekli hijyen ve sanitasyon kurallarına uyulmalıdır. Ayrıca bundan sonra yapılacak bal arısı virusları ile alakalı çalışmaların daha geniş alanları ve popülasyonları kapsayacak şekilde ve viral filogenilerin ortaya konulacak şekilde planlanmasının faydalı olacağı kanısına varılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: İsrail akut arı felci virusu, kaşmir arı felci virusu, kronik arı felci virusu, Reverz Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), sacbrood virus, Aim: This study aims to investigate the presence and prevalence of Israel acute bee paralysis virus (IAPV), Sacbrood virus (SBV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV) and Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) by Reverz Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method in apiaries around Burdur region. Materials and Methods: During the study, 30 beehives from 15 apiaries were selected randomly and sampling procedures were carried out. 30 adult bees were collected from each of the sampled hives to form a pool. After the samples were homogenized, total nucleic acid extraction was performed and then viral nucleic acid was searched by RT-PCR method using specific primers. Results: In this study, in consequence of analyzing 30 samples from 15 apiaries by RT-PCR method, SBV was detected in 10 samples obtained from 5 apiaries (33.3%) and CBPV was found in 4 samples from 2 apiaries (13.3.%). IAPV and KBV were not detected. As a result of evaluations, 4 samples from 2 apiaries were considered to have been infected with both SBV and CBPV, which means a mixed infection occurred in these hives. Conclusion: It is clear that the so-called diseases were regarded important in terms of beekeeping in not only Burdur region but also in the other regions of Turkey and serious precautions should be taken to prevent infections. Struggling with bee parasites that play the key role in transmission viral agents and enhancing the immune resistance of bees and obeying the rules of hygiene and sanitation should not be ignored in protecting bee health. Besides, the future studies on honeybee viruses should be planned to include wider areas and populations and to reveal viral phylogenies

Öz Amaç: Akrozomal enzimlerin seminal plazmaya sızıp sızmadığının belirlenmesi, suni tohumlama için sperma işlenmesi sırasında oluşan akrozom hasarının öncü bir göstergesi olabilir. Alfa-naftil asetat esteraz enzimi bu amaçla kullanılabilecek olan akrozomal enzimlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, taze ve dondurup-çözdürülen boğa spermatozoonlarındaki alfa-naftil asetat esteraz enziminin pozitivite oranları ve lokalizasyonunun ışık mikroskobuyla belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada materyal olarak 7 boğadan alınan sperma örneği kullanıldı. Bu amaçla, taze ve dondurulup-çözdürülen sperma örneklerinden sürme frotiler hazırlandı. Bu frotilerde alfa-naftil asetat esteraz enzimi sitokimyasal metotla demonstre edildi. Hazırlanan preparatlar ışık mikroskobuyla incelenerek alfa-naftil-asetat esteraz pozitivite oranları, enzimin lokalizasyon ve dağılım tarzı belirlendi. Bulgular: Alfa-naftil asetat esteraz enzimi pozitivitesi, spermatozoonun akrozomunda lokalize olan kırmızımsı-kahve renkli reaksiyon ürünü halinde gözlendi. Bazı hücrelerde enzimatik reaksiyon akrozom zarında dar bir band halinde gözlendi. Taze sperma örneklerinin alfa-naftil asetat esteraz pozitivitesinde belirgin bireysel farklılıklar gözlendi. Enzimatik reaksiyon, hücrelerin tamamında aynı şiddette değildi. Bazı hücrelerdeki reaksiyon nispeten daha zayıftı. Düşük spermatozoon vitalitesi ve motilitesi tesbit edilen taze sperma örneklerinin alfa-naftil asetat esteraz enzim pozitivitesi de düşüktü. Dondurup-çözme işlemi, örneklerin alfa-naftil asetat esteraz pozitivitesinde önemli düşüşe yol açtı. Öneri: Akrozomal alfa-naftil asetat esteraz enzimi, boğa spermasının fertilite potansiyelinin ve dondurma işlemine uygunluğunun değerlendirilmesinde ve önemli bir parametre olarak dikkate alınabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır., Aim: The assay of the leakage of acrosomal enzymes into seminal plasma might provide an early and sensitive evidence for membrane damage ocurred during freezing of semen for artificial insemination. Alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase is one of the acrosomal enzymes that can be used for this purpose. In the the present study, the positivity rates and localization pattern of alphanaphthyl acetate esterase in the spermatozoa of both native and frozen-thawed bull semen samples were determined by light microscopy. Materials and Methods: Semen samples of 7 bull were used as material. Smears were prepared from native and frozen-thawed semen samples. The enzyme was demonstrated by a cytochemical method. Specimens were observed under ligth microscope. Positivity rates of alpha-naphtyl acetate eseterasepositive spermatozoa, distribution and localization pattern of the enzymatic reaction were determined. Results: The reddish-brown enzymatic reaction was peculiar to spermatozoon acrosome. In some cells, the enzymatic reaction was observed as a narrow band located on acrosomal membrane. The enzymatic reaction intesity was not similar in all cells and was weaker in some cells. The reaction product primarily located in the acrosome. There were large individual differences in alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase positivity rates of the native sperm samples. The native semen samples with low spermatozoon vitality and motility tended to display lower of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase positivity rates. Freeze-thawing process significantly decreased alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase positivity rates of the samples. Conclusion: Acrosomal alpha-naphtyl acetate esterase might be considered as a significant parameter in the asssessment of availibility for freezing and to determine fertility potential of the bull semen.

WOS: 000508967700005, Agriculture is the second largest source of employment following the service sector in the whole world, and it is among the most dangerous sectors concerning diseases and premature death. Majority of the families working in the agriculture sector also deal with livestock raising (cattle, sheep and goat farming) or they live in the areas with a high possibility of contact with animals. There are various problems since the occupational health and safety services do not cover the ones working on their own behalf and due to problems in the delivery of health services appropriate for the rural areas. Veterinary physicians, who play an important role in animal health, public health, and environment, have also important tasks in the implementations of occupational health and safety in livestock raising in agriculture sector. The material of this study was comprised of national and international regulations concerning occupational health and safety. The implementations of regulations of the International Labor Organization (110) were evaluated in terms of livestock raising and veterinary medicine. As the conclusion, in Turkey, it was determined that the regulations about occupational health and safety in agriculture did not involve the veterinary physicians concerning both safety practice and job safety; it can be suggested that it should be updated.

Amaç: Tüm parametrik yöntemlerde olduğu gibi, ANCOVA yönteminde de hataların normal dağıldığı, varyansların homojenliği ve hata terimlerinin bağımsız olduğu varsayılmaktadır. Ancak, pratikte, değişkenlere ilişkin dağılımların sıklıkla normal dağılıma uymadığı bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, varyansların homojenliği ve farklı dağılım koşulları altında ANCOVA yönteminin tip I hata oranlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu amaçla farklı senaryolarda simülasyon çalışmaları yapılmıştır. üç bağımsız grup için birbirine eşit olacak şekilde farklı örneklem büyüklüklerinde Gamma, Beta ve Normal dağılımlardan veri türetimi yapılmıştır. . Simülasyon çalışmalarında, gruplar arasındaki farkın anlamlı olmadığı hipotezi altında, 10000 tekrar ile her bir senaryo için tip I hata oranları hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Simülasyon çalışması sonuçlarına göre, homojen varyanslı normal dağılım durumunda, örneklem büyüklüğü n = 20 ve n = 40 olan gruplarda Tip I hatanın yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Heterojen varyans ile normal dağılım durumunda, n = 10 ve n = 30 ve n = 40 örneklem büyüklüğündeki gruplarda sapma gözlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar Gamma dağılımının sonuçları ile aynıdır. Beta dağılımında iki farklı senaryo incelenmiştir. Bunlar dağılım grafiklerinin "U" ve "ters U" biçimlerinde gözlendiği durumlardır ve n = 10 ve n = 20 gibi küçük örneklem büyüklüğünde sapmalar gözlemlenmiştir. Öneri: Sonuçlar, tip I hata oranının, dağılımın çarpıklığı, örneklem büyüklüğü ve varyansın homojenliği gibi faktörlerden etkilendiğini göstermiştir. Farklı dağılımlar ve parametre değerleri için gerçekleştirilecek simülasyon çalışmaları ile sonuçlar genişletilebilir., Aim: As in all parametric methods, the ANCOVA method assumes that normal distributions of errors, homogeneity of variances, and error terms are independent of each other. However, unusual distributions in practice are more common than normal distribution. In this study, it is aimed to examine ANCOVA method or type 1 error rates under different distribution conditions and homogeneity of variances. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, a simulation studies under different scenarios was conducted. Random numbers were generated from Gamma, Beta and Normal distributions considering different groups and different sample sizes. In the simulation studies, 10000 replications were run under the null hypothesis of no group differences and type-I error rates were calculated for each scenario. Results: According to the results, in the case of the normal distribution with homogeneous variance, the proportion of Type I error is high in the groups with the sample size of n=20 and n=40. In the case of normal distribution with the heterogeneous variance, the deviation has been observed in the groups with the sample size of n = 10 and n = 30, and n = 40. These results are the same as the results of Gamma distribution. In the Beta distribution, , there is a deviation in the groups with n=10 and n=20 where the sample sizes are small. Conclusion: The results showed that type-I error rate is affected by skewness of the distribution, sample size and homogeneity of variance. Further work can be extended by simulation studies under different distributions and parameter values.

WOS: 000485740900001, PubMed: 31489697, The aim of this research was to determine brain, cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum volume and volume ratios by using stereological methods and investigate morphological differences between female and male New Zealand rabbits. The study was applied on 14-month old (10 male and 10 female) New Zealand rabbits. The materials removed from the cavum cranii using dorsal approach. After following routine histological procedure, paraffin blocks were prepared and cut every seventieth section at 10 mu m thickness. Slides were stained with Crossmon's triple stain and photographed. The sectional images obtained were transferred to ImageJ program to estimate grey and white matter volume on cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum with principle of Cavalieri. According to results, there was no asymmetry on the left and right cerebral hemispheres of New Zealand rabbits. In the total hemisphere volume calculated by Cavalieri principle, grey and white matter ratio was 81.57% and 18.43% in female, 82.80% and 17.20% in male. It was found that the white matter was significantly higher in females than males in cerebral hemispheres (p < .05). Also, it was found that grey and white matter ratio in total cerebellum volume was 67.82% and 32.18% in female, 67.94% and 32.06% in male respectively. It was determined that the females' white matter was larger than male rabbits in cerebellum (p < .05). It is thought that morphometric data obtained from this study will contribute to the existing anatomical knowledge and also considered as reference values in the clinical sciences.

Amaç: Lizozomal bir enzim olan alfa-naftil asetat esteraz (ANAE) enzimi pek çok türde periferik kan yaymalarında T-lenfosit, B-lenfosit ve monositlerin birbirlerinden ayırt edilmelerinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu araştırmada, Topoz olarak da bilinen Kırgızistan dağ yaklarında (Bos grinniens) periferik kan lökositlerinin ANAE enzimi pozitivitelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada materyal olarak 13 adet 2–4 yaşlı sağlıklı Kırgız Dağ Yak'ından alınan periferik kan örnekleri kullanıldı. Örneklerden hazırlanan frotilerde ANAE demonstrasyonları gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: ANAE pozitivitesi tüm monositlerde ve sadece bazı lenfositlerde gözlendi. Lenfositlerdeki pozitivite 1-4 adet kırmızı-kahverengi sitoplazmik granüllerle karakterize nokta tarzındayken monositlerin tamamı tüm sitoplâzmaları boyunca yaygın, ince taneli bir enzimatik reaksiyona sahipti. Nötrofil ve eozinofil lökositlerde ise enzimatik reaksiyon gözlenmedi. Kırgız dağ yaklarında ortalama ANAE pozitif lenfosit oranının %58,85±1,38 olduğu tespit edildi. Öneri: Kırgızistan dağ yakları hakkında yapılan çalışmalar söz konusu hayvanların yaşam koşulları ve sert mizaçları nedeniyle son derece sınırlı kalmıştır. Dolayısıyla bu hayvanlar üzerinde yapılacak olan her türlü yapısal, histolojik, enzim histokimyasal, fizyolojik, biyokimyasal ve anatomik çalışmaların yanı sıra ülkede görev yapan veteriner hekim klinisyen ya da akademisyenlerin karşı karşıya kalabilecekleri çeşitli hastalıkların olgu sunumlarının, ilerleyen yıllarda bu hayvanlar üzerinde yapılacak olan çalışmalara yön vereceği düşünülmektedir., Aim: A lysosomal enzyme, alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), has been used to differentiate T and B lymphocytes, and monocytes in various species in peripheral blood smears. In this study, it was aimed to determine the positivity of the ANAE in peripheral blood leukocytes of Kyrgyzstan's mountain yaks, as also known Topoz,(Bos grinniens). Materials and Methods: As a material, the peripheral blood samples collected from healthy thirteen Kyrgyzstan's mountain yaks, 2–4 year old aged, were used. ANAE was demonstrated on smears prepared from blood samples. Results: ANAE-positivity was observed in all monocytes and only some lymphocytes. ANAE-positivity pattern in lymphocytes was dot like characterized with 1-4 reddish-brown cytoplasmic granules while all monocytes have a diffuse, fine granular enzymatic reaction along whole cytoplasm. No enzymatic reaction was observed in neutrophil and eosinophil leukocytes. The ANAE positive lymphocyte rate was found to be 58,85 % in Kyrgyzstan's mountain yaks. Conclusion: Studies on Kyrgyzstan mountain yaks have been extremely limited due to their living conditions and aggressive temperaments of these animals. Therefore, any kind of structural, histological, enzyme histochemical, physiological, biochemical and anatomical studies on these animals, as well as case reports of various diseases that may be faced by veterinary clinicians or academicians working in the country, will guide the studies to be carried out on these animals in future.

WOS: 000503362900001, PubMed: 31852321, Objectives: The mechanisms underlying the formation and composition of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and its flow into and from periodontal pockets are not understood very well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the length of sampling time and sequential sampling of GCF neutrophil elastase (NE) enzyme levels by using intracrevicular and orifice methods. Material and methods: Twenty adults (mean age of 41.8 years, ranged 31-60 years, 18 males and 2 females) with chronic periodontitis were enrolled and all completed the 3-d study. GCF was collected by both intracrevicular and intrasulcular methods, 720 samples of GCF were collected. In first, second and third day, the length of sampling time in seconds (s) and order were '5- 10-30-s'; '10- 30- 5-s' and '30- 5- 10-s,' respectively. GCF elastase levels were determined by hydrolysis of neutrophil specific substrate N-methoxysuccinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Val-p-nitroanilide. Results: NE activity (mu U) and NE activity/volume (mu U/mu l) were significantly different for order of sampling (p < .05), but not for the length of sampling time (p>.05). Conclusions: Within the limits of this study, the choice of sampling technique in GCF-profile studies seems to be a critical decision as it has the potential to affect the GCF volume and NE activity.

WOS: 000512336600034, PubMed: 31841508, Domestication and human selection have formed diverse goat breeds with characteristic phenotypes. This process correlated with the fixation of causative genetic variants controlling breed-specific traits within regions of reduced genetic diversity, so called selection signatures or selective sweeps. Using whole genome sequencing of DNA pools (pool-seq) from 20 genetically diverse modern goat breeds and bezoars, we identified 2,239 putative selection signatures. In two Pakistani goat breeds, Pak Angora and Barbari, we found selection signatures in a region harboring KIT, a gene involved in melanoblast development, migration, and survival. The search for candidate causative variants responsible for these selective sweeps revealed two different copy number variants (CNVs) downstream of KIT that were exclusively present in white Pak Angora and white-spotted Barbari goats. Several Swiss goat breeds selected for specific coat colors showed selection signatures at the ASIP locus encoding the agouti signaling protein. Analysis of these selective sweeps revealed four different CNVs associated with the white or tan (A(Wt)), Swiss markings (A(sm)), badger-face (A(b)), and the newly proposed peacock (A(pc)) allele. RNA-seq analyses on skin samples from goats with the different CNV alleles suggest that the identified structural variants lead to an altered expression of ASIP between eumelanistic and pheomelanistic body areas. Our study yields novel insights into the genetic control of pigmentation by identifying six functionally relevant CNVs. It illustrates how structural changes of the genome have contributed to phenotypic evolution in domestic goats., Swiss National Science FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [31003A_172964]; Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship; Hans Sigrist Foundation, This study was funded by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (31003A_172964). R.S. was supported by a Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship and a supplementary grant from the Hans Sigrist Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

WOS: 000437083800008, The aim of this study was to determine the effects of BPA on testes development in chicken embryos For this purpose, 310 fertile eggs of Isa Brown laying parent stock were divided into five groups as control, vehicle-control, 50,100, and 250 mu g/egg BPA. Test solutions were injected into the yolk before incubation At the 13(th), 18(th) and 21(st) days of incubation, the eggs were opened until six living male embryos were obtained from each group. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin (pH 7.4) After routine histological processes, tissue samples were embedded in paraffin. Six mu m thickness sections were stained with the Crossmon's trichrome method. All histological evaluation and histometrical measurements were performed on the left testes. On the 13(th), 18th and 21(st) days of the incubation, the groups that were treated with BPA showed growth retardation in testicular tissues, fewer cell cords and poorly cellular organization. At 21 days of the incubation, there were a significant decrease in the mean diameter of the seminiferous tubule in all experimental groups compared to control groups (p < 0.05). The increase in mean cortical thickness was observed in the BPA treated groups compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). The mean testes surface area was higher at 50 mu g/egg and 100 mu g/egg BPA treated groups compared to the control groups and at 250 mu g/egg BPA administered group (p < 0.05). In 50 and 100 mu g/egg BPA treated chicken embryos, BPA triggered ovo-testis formation by characterizing thickened cortex containing oocyte-like cell clusters whereas BPA had toxic effects at 250 mu g/egg. It was concluded that BPA can induce both estrogen-like and toxic effects in the developing testes of chicken embryos in a dose-dependent manner., Selcuk University Academic Staff Training Program (OYP) Coordination Unit [2015-OYP-038], This study, is part of the Master of Science Thesis of Banu KANDIL, for which we thank the "Selcuk University Academic Staff Training Program (OYP) Coordination Unit", Project no: 2015-OYP-038, for financial support and it was presented in 2. International Conference on Science Ecology and Technology (ICONSETE).

Amaç: Bu çalışma dağ nanesinin (Mentha caucasica) Japon bıldırcınlarının ince bağırsakları üzerindeki etkisinin ışık mikroskobik seviyede belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 1günlük 30 adet Japon bıldırcını kullanıldı. Bıldırcınlar, her biri 10 adet olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Hayvanlar 6 hafta boyunca kontrol, N1 (%0,75 oranında nane) ve N2 (%1,5 oranında nane) rasyonları ile beslendiler. Çalışma sonunda servikal dislokasyonla öldürülen hayvanlardan duodenum, jejunum ve ileum doku örnekleri alındı. Rutin histolojik işlemlerden sonra alınan seri kesitler Crossmon'un üçlü boyaması ve Periyodik Asit Schiff (PAS) reaksiyonu ile boyandılar. Tüm seri kesitler ışık mikroskobu ile değerlendirildikten sonra dijital kamera ile fotoğraflar çekildi ve kaydedildi. Villus yüksekliği, villus genişliği, kript derinliği ve tunika muskularis kalınlıkları ölçüldü ve kadeh hücreleri sayıldı. Bulgular: Nane oranlarına bağlı olarak nane ile beslenen gruplardaki hayvanların duodenum, jejunum ve ileum dokularında vilusların yüksekliğinde, kript derinliğinde ve tunika muskularis kalınlığında artışlar tespit edilirken (P0,05), jejunumda N1 grubuna ait hayvanlarda düşük (P, Aim: This study was carried out to determine the effect of Mentha caucasica on histo-morphology of the small intestine at light microscopic level in Japanese quails. Materials and Methods: One day-old Japanese quail chicks (n=30) were used in the study. The quails were randomly divided into 3 groups which consist of 10 animals for each.as control, M1 (0,75% mint content) and M2 (1,5% mint content). Animals were fed diets containing different mint content for six weeks. At the end of the study, the birds were killed by cervical dislocation. The duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were collected. After routine hitological process, the serial sections were stained with Crossmon's trichrome and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) reaction. All sections were evaluated under the light microscope and were photographed by digital camera and were recorded. Villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and thickness of tunica muscularis were measured and Goblet cell numbers were calculated. Results: The average villus height, crypt depth, and thickness of tunica muscularis were increased in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum depending on the mint content (P0,05) but it was decreased (P

Amaç: Çalışmada Malakan atlarında arteria celiaca’nın dallarının belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 5 adet dişi ve 5 adet erkek erişkin Malakan atı kadavrasından faydalanıldı. İncelenecek materyallerin karın boşluğu açıldıktan sonra aorta abdominalis’ten girilerek renklendirilmiş lateks enjekte edildi. Bulgular: Çalışma sonucunda arteria celiaca’nın arteria hepatica, arteria gastrica sinistra ve arteria lienalis olmak üzere üç dala ayrıldığı belirlendi. Arteria hepatica’nın çapı erkekte 7.36 mm, dişide 7.00 mm, arteria gastrica sinistra’nın çapı erkekte 5.56 mm, dişide 4.95 mm, arteria lienalis’in çapı erkekte 8.79 mm, dişide 7.50 mm olarak belirlendi. Arteria hepatica’nın rami pancreatici, ramus hepaticus ve arteria gastrica dextra’yı verdiği ve arteria gastroduodenalis olarak seyrine devam ettiği belirlendi. Arteria gastrica sinistra’nın rami pancreatici’yi verdikten sonra ramus parietalis ve ramus visceralis’e ayrıldığı, ramus parietalis’in de esophagus’un vaskularizasyonu için ramus esophageus’u verdiği tespit edildi. Arteria lienalis’ten arteria gastrica breves, rami pancreatici, rami splenici ve rami epiploici’nin ayrıldığı ve arteria lienalis’in seyrine arteria gastroepiploica sinistra olarak devam ettiği gözlendi. Öneri: Sonuç olarak elde edilen bulguların literatür bilgisiyle yüksek oranda benzeştiği belirlendi., Aim: In the study, it was aimed to investigate the branches of arteria celiaca in Malakan horse. Materials and Methods: In the study, 5 male and 5 female adult Malakan horses were used. After opening the abdominal cavity of the horses, the colored latex, by entering from the aorta abdominalis, was injected to the vessel. Results: It was determined that arteria celiaca was divided into three rami as arteria hepatica, arteria gastrica sinistra and arteria lienalis. It was determined that diamater of the arteria hepatica were average of 7.36 mm in male and 7.00 mm in female, diamater of the arteria gastrica sinistra were average of 5.56 mm in male and 4.95 mm in female, the diamater of the arteria lienalis were average of 8.79 mm in male and 7.50 mm in female. Arteria hepatica gave the rami pancreatici, ramus hepaticus, arteria gastrica dextra and, continued the course as arteria gastroduodenalis. After arteria gastrica sinistra gave the rami pancreatici, it was divided into ramus parietalis and ramus visceralis. Ramus parietalis gave the ramus esophageus for the esophageal vascularization. It was determined that the arteria gastrica breves, rami pancreatici, rami splenici, rami epiploici emerged from arteria lienalis and, arteria lienalis coursed as arteria gastroepiploica sinistra. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings were similar at high rates by literature.

Amaç: Kanatlılara özgü olan bursa Fabricius kendi foliküler yapısı içerisinde B lenfosit progenitörlerinin çoğaltılması ve farklılaşmasından sorumlu primer lenfoid organdır. Fonksiyonel B lenfositleri oluşturma sürecinde hücreler majör doku uyum kompleksi (MHC), adezyon molekülleri ve antijenleri tanımak için gerekli reseptör özelliklerini bu organda kazanırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, keklik bursa Fabricius'unda CD8, CD68, MHC-I ve II pozitif hücrelerinin lokalizasyonları ve dağılımlarını belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 10 adet erişkin kınalı kekliğin (5 erkek ve 5 dişi) bursa Fabricius'unda bazı immun hücre lokalizasyonları immünohistokimyasal yöntemler kullanarak ışık mikroskobu düzeyinde incelendi. Bulgular: CD8, CD68, MHC-I ve II pozitif hücrelerin genel olarak lamina propriada ve lenf foliküllerinin korteks ve medullasında lokalize olduğu ortaya kondu. Buna karşın kas katmanında immunoreaktiviteye rastlanmadı. Öneri: İmmun yanıtta rol oynayan bu faktör ekspresyonlarının kanatlı türlerinde yapılacak immunolojik çalışmalar için katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir, Aim: The bursa of Fabricius is a primary lymphoid organ restricted to birds that is responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocyte precursors within its follicular structure. In the process of creating a functional B lymphocyte, the cells acquire the necessary receptor property to recognize the antigen, major histocompatibility complex and adhesion molecules in this organ. The purpose of this study is to determine the localization and distribution of CD8, CD68, MHC-I and II-positive cells in bursa of Fabricius of partridge. Materials and Methods: In this study, some immune cells localization in bursa of Fabricius of 10 adult chukar partridge (5 male and 5 female) were examined on the level of light microscope by using immunohistochemical methods. Results: It was revealed that in general CD8, CD68, MHC-I and II-positive cells were localized in lamina propria and cortex and medulla of lymph follicles. In contrast, no immunoreactivity was observed in the muscle layer. Conclusion: The expression of these factors playing a role in immune response is thought to provide contribution for immunological studies in avian species.

WOS: 000482264200008, PubMed: 30864862, Acrylamide is an important industrial chemical; it also is formed in starch-rich foodstuffs during baking, frying and roasting. Most acrylamide exposure occurs by ingestion of processed foods. We investigated possible immunotoxic effects of extended administration of low doses of acrylamide in rats. To do this, we measured alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and acid phosphatase (ACP-ase) activities in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Male and female weanling Wistar rats were administered 2 or 5 mg acrylamide/kg/day in drinking water for 90days. Peripheral blood was sampled at the end of the administration period. We found ANAE staining in eosinophils and T-lymphocytes, but not in monocytes, platelets, B-lymphocytes and neutrophils. ACP-ase was found in B-lymphocytes. We found a significant reduction of the ratio of ANAE:ACP-ase in lymphocytes of the experimental animals compared to controls. We found no statistically significant differences between the doses or sexes. We found that acrylamide ingested in processed foods might affect the immune system adversely by decreasing the population of mature T- and B-lymphocytes., Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Units, Konya/TURKEY [11401013], This work was supported by Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Units, Konya/TURKEY [grant number 11401013].

WOS: 000463194200001, PubMed: 30822167, We investigated the effects of quercetin (Q) on some hematological parameters and determined the percentage of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) positive lymphocytes in rats that had been exposed to cadmium (Cd). Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control (C), quercetin (Q), cadmium (Cd) and Q + Cd (CdQ). Blood samples were taken to assess erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), hemoglobin levels (Hb), hematocrit values (Hct), platelets (PLT), alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) positive lymphocytes. RBC, Hb, Hct; the number of PLT significantly decreased in the Cd group. To the contrary, these parameters were increased significantly in the CdQ group compared to the Cd group. Although we found a significant increase in total WBC count and neutrophil percentage, the number of lymphocytes decreased in the Cd group compared to the other three groups. Also, the percentage of peripheral blood ANAE positive lymphocytes decreased significantly in the Cd group (p < 0.05). Q exhibits positive effects on some hematological characteristics and the percentage of ANAE positive lymphocyte in cases of acute CD toxicity.

WOS: 000458361500003, A total of 20 microsatellite DNA markers were used for genetic characterization and determination of phylogenetic relationships of native cattle breeds of Turkey, including the Anatolian Grey (AG), Anatolian Black (AB), South Anatolian Red (SAR), East Anatolian Red (EAR), Southern Anatolian Yellow (SAY), and Zavot (ZAV). DNA samples were isolated from 271 blood samples using an organic method. Amplified polymerase chain reaction products were separated by capillary electrophoresis and genotypes were determined for 20 microsatellites. A total of 269 different alleles were determined. The lowest (7.80) and highest (10.80) mean allele numbers were observed for the ZAV and SAY populations, respectively. TGLA122 was the most polymorphic locus; however, only 7 different alleles were observed for INRA005. A total of 40 different private alleles were determined. The general F-IS values were between 0.034 and 0.123. Due to the close location to the domestication center, higher genetic diversities were observed. The observed genetic diversities and the results of the phylogenetic analyses were in agreement with evolutionary history and the geographical origins of Turkish native cattle breeds., Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, (TUBITAK-KAMAG)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [106G114]; Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (SUBAP) [08202009], This work and the research of Yusuf Ozsensoy are supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, (TUBITAK-KAMAG, #106G114) and by the Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (SUBAP, #08202009). This manuscript is part of the PhD dissertation of Yusuf Ozsensoy. This paper was presented at the XXXII International Society of Animal Genetics Conference in Edinburgh, UK.

WOS: 000473738800011, PubMed: 31269353, This study aimed to determine the levels of milk cell total protein (TP), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), total glutathione (tGSH), activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in subclinical mastitic cows. Milk from each udder was collected and grouped by the California Mastitis Test. Then, a somatic cell count (SCC) was performed, and the groups were re-scored as control (5-87 x 10(3) cells), 1st group (154-381 x 10(3) cells), 2nd group (418-851 x 10(3) cells), 3rd group (914-1958 x 10(3) cells), and 4th group (2275-8528 x 10(3) cells). Milk cell TP, NADPH, tGSH levels, G6PD, and GPx activities were assessed. Microbiological diagnosis and aerobic mesophyle general organism (AMG, cfu/g) were also conducted. In mastitic milk, TP, NADPH, and tGSH levels, and G6PD and GPx activities were significantly reduced per cell (in samples of 10(6) cells). In addition, milk SCC was positively correlated with AMG (r=0.561, p, Scientific Research Coordinating Office (BAP) of Mustafa Kemal University [12161], This study was supported by Scientific Research Coordinating Office (BAP) of Mustafa Kemal University (Project No. 12161).

WOS: 000460503100007, This study was undertaken to perform a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the tarsal bones of chinchillas using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images and reveal biometric ratio of the bones and compare between sexes. For this purpose, a total of 12 adult chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera) of both sexes (six males and six females) were used. After anesthetizing the animals, MDCT images were obtained in DICOM format, and 3D reconstruction was performed on a computer using the Mimics 13.1 program. The volumes and surface areas of each of the bones that constitute the tarsus of the chinchilla were automatically measured by the program based on the 3D model. After all values of each tarsal bone were expressed as ratios with in tarsus, they were analyzed statistically to reveal differences between sexes. The results showed that there were statistical differences (P

Amaç: Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi 1982 yılında eğitimöğretim hayatına başlamış olup, günümüze kadar binlerce veteriner hekimi mezun etmiştir. Çalışmada Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi’nden mezun olan veteriner hekimlerin statülerinin belirlenmesi, istihdam alanlarının araştırılması ve profillerin ortaya çıkarılarak çeşitli parametrelere karşı görüşlerinin ortaya konulması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Katılımcılara uygulamak amacıyla “Bilgi Derleme Formu” hazırlandı ve bu form aracılığıyla veriler toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 25 istatistik paket programı kullanıldı. Değişkenler, medyan (IQR), yüzde ve frekans değerleri kullanıldı. Kategorik veriler Fisher’s Exact Test ve Ki Kare testi ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %45.70’inin bir yıl içerisinde çalışma hayatına başladığı; %64.40’ının fakülteyi bilinçli bir şekilde tercih ettiği; %86,50’sinin şu anda çalıştığı işinden memnun olduğu; %73.10’unun eğitimi sırasında mesleki ve etik sorumluluk anlayışını edindiği belirlendi. Öneri: Sonuç olarak Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi’nin, kurulduğu günden bugüne kadar verdiği mezunlarla mesleğin hemen hemen her sektöründe ülke hayvancılığına önemli katkılarda bulunduğu; çalışmanın ülke genelinde diğer veteriner fakültelerinden mezun olan veteriner hekimlere uygulanması ile mesleki standartların daha yüksek seviyelere çıkarabilmesi için gerekli çalışmaların yapılmasına yardımcı olabileceği ileri sürülebilir., Aim: The Selçuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine started to education in 1982. The thousands of veterinarians graduated from Selçuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine since then. The present study aimed to identify the status of the veterinarians that graduated from Selçuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, inquired into their areas of employment, constructed their profiles and presented their opinions according to various parameters. Materials and Methods: An “Information Collection Form” was drawn up via to implement and distributed to the respondents. SPSS 25 was used to evaluate the collected data. The median (IQR), percentage and frequency values of the variables were used. The categorical datas were analysed by Fisher’s Exact Test and Chi-Square Test. Results: It was found that 45.70% of the respondents had started career within one year, 64.40% had made an informed choice to enter the faculty, 86.50% were satisfied with their current job, and 73.10% had gained an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility during their education. Conclusion: Selçuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine has made significant contributions to the animal husbandry in almost all industry of the profession since its establishment. The present study can help raise the professional standards and pave the way for future studies required for this purpose if it is applied to the veterinarians that graduated from other veterinary faculties across the country.

WOS: 000455022100003, This study was aimed to provide information about the status of the immune system by revealing changes in peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) percentages, ANAE- and ACP-ase(+) lymphocyte rates in peripheral blood (PB) and endometrium tissues of experimental hypothyroidism-induced rats. In this study, 15 healthy female Wistar Albino rats were used. Rats were fed through 4 weeks. The Group E (experimental, n=9) is group that were made hypothyroidism by intraperitoneal methimazole enjection for 2 weeks. Rats of the Group C (control, n=6) were untreated. In the 2nd and 4th weeks, ANAE- and ACP-ase(+) lymphocyte rates of the Group E were higher than Group C in PB. Excepting eosinophil and basophil leukocyte rates, there was no statistical difference in the other PBL percentages in the both of weeks. In PB, while lymphocyte rate of the 4th week was no statistically different (P>0.05), it was found lower in Group C. There was no alteration in ANAE- and ACP-ase(+) lymphocyte rates of uterine tissue. As a result, whereas hypothyroidism caused significant alterations in PBL and T lymphocyte rates, the any marked changes was not observed in the uterine tissue., Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordinating OfficeKaramanoglu Mehmetbey University [22-M-16], We thank to "Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordinating Office'', Project no: 22-M-16, for financial support.

Öz Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı köpeklerde regio analis’i oluşturan anatomik yapıları farklı anatomik inceleme yöntemleri ile inceleyerek bölgeye üç farklı (diseksiyon, kesit anatomisi, bilgisayarlı tomografi) açıdan yaklaşım sergilemektir. Hernia perinealis, anal kese yangı ve fistülleri, prolapsus recti v.b klinik vakalara yeni yaklaşımlar sergilemek açısından çalışmamız önem arzetmektedir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma 12 köpek kadavrası üzerinde gerçekleştirildi. Regio perinealis’in karşılaştırmalı diseksiyon çalışması 3 erkek ve 3 dişi köpek kadavrasında yapıldı. Kesit anatomisi çalışması ise 3 adet erkek ve 3 adet dişi kadavrasında icra edildi. Bir adet erkek köpek kadavramızdan regio perinealis’in bilgisayarlı tomografik görüntüleri temin edilerek çalışmamız kapsamında elde edilen görüntülere eklendi. Bulgular: Çalışmamız kapsamında regio analis üç anatomik başlık altında incelendi. Literatürde genelde şekil ve çizim ile gösterilen diaphragma pelvis ve oluşumuna katılan anatomik yapılar diseksiyon, kesit anatomisi ve bilgisayarlı tomografi yöntemleri ile tespit edildi. Kesit anatomisi ve bilgisayarlı tomografi yöntemleri aracılığı ile sagittal, transversal ve horizantal kesitler ile üç boyutlu anatomik bilgi karşılaştırmalı olarak tespit edildi. Ayrıca regio analis’in yapısını oluşturan kasların origo, insertio, kalınlık ve genişlik gibi değerleri ölçülerek köpeğin yaşı ile yapılan ölçümler arasında bir ilişki kurulmuştur. Öneri: Özellikle hernia perinealis, prolapsus recti, urethrotomi, anal keselerin yangısı ve fistülleri gibi patolojik ve klinik vakalara sergilenecek yaklaşımlarda teşhis ve tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesinde bu çalışmanın katkısı oldukça önem arzetmektedir., Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the anatomical structures of anal region in dogs via different anatomical examination methods and to present an approach to the region in terms of three perspectives. Our study is important for presenting new approaches for the clinical cases such as perineal hernia, anal sac inflammation and fistulae, rectal prolapse etc. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 12 dog cadavers. Comparative dissection study was conducted on perineal region of 3 male and 3 female dog cadavers. A cross-sectional anatomical study was performed in 3 male and 3 female cadavers. From 1 male dog cadaver, computerized tomographic images of perineal region were obtained and added to the images obtained within the scope of the present study. Results: In the study, anal region was examined under three anatomical titles. Pelvic diaphragm and its anatomical structures, which are shown via figures and drawings in the literature, were determined using dissection, cross-sectional anatomy, and computerized tomography methods. Three-dimensional anatomical data obtained by sagittal, transversal and horizontal sections was comparatively determined via cross-sectional anatomy and computerized tomography methods. In addition, the values of the muscles of the anal region such as origin, insertion, thickness and width were measured and a correlation was found between the age of the dog and the measurements. Conclusion: The contribution of this study is important for development of diagnostic and treatment methods in approaches to be exhibited especially towards pathological and clinical cases such as perineal hernia, rectal prolapse, urethrotomy, anal sac inflammation and fistulae.

WOS: 000490571100009, PubMed: 31625934, Background/Aims: The aim of the present study was to determine the changes on the small intestine in mice during pregnancy using histological, enzyme histochemical, and immunohistochemical methods. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 Swiss albino female mice were divided as non-pregnant/control, first week, second week, and third week of pregnancy (n=6). Tissue samples obtained from the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were processed by means of routine histological techniques and stained with Crossmon's triple staining. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was demonstrated with the simultaneous azo-coupling method. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was demonstrated with the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. The numerical data of the parameters were obtained and analyzed statistically. Results: Villus height, villus width, and the rate of villus height/crypt depth were decreased in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum in the last week of pregnancy compared with the control group. Changes in the crypt depth of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum in pregnancy were found. The muscle width increased in pregnancy. It was identified that the ALP reactivity statistically significantly increased in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum in pregnancy. The percentage of PCNA-positive cells in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum increased in the first and second weeks of pregnancy, whereas it decreased in the third week of pregnancy compared with non-pregnant control animals. Conclusion: In conclusion, villus parameters, ALP reactivity, and percentage of PCNA-positive cells in the small intestine were affected during pregnancy., Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordinating OfficeSelcuk University [09202056], Provision of materials of our study has been afforded by Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects (BAP) Coordinating Office (Project No: 09202056).

In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between with G6PD, GPx, NADPH, rGSH and milk yield and milk quality, to evaluate the effect of these parameters on milk quality, in Holstein cattle. Milk samples were collected from 20 healthy Holstein cattle. Milk yield was obtained from routine farm datum. The analyses of milk fat %, protein %, lactose %, non-fat dry matter %, urea % and casein % were held by "milk components measuring instrument", and G6PD and GPx activities in milk cell supernatants along with NADPH, rGSH and the total protein levels were assessed by spectrophotometric methods. Milk lactose levels (%) were negatively correlated with milk cell G6PD activity (r=-0.574, P, Bu çalışmada; Holstein ırkı sığırlarda süt G6PD, GPx, redükte NADPH ve rGSH düzeyleri ile süt verimi ve süt kalitesi ile arasındaki ilişkilerin belirlenmesi, böylelikle ilgili parametrelerin süt kalitesi üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Klinik olarak sağlıklı 20 adet Holstein ırkı sığırdan süt örnekleri toplanmıştır. Süt verimi çiftlikte tutulan rutin kayıtlardan tespit edilmiştir. Sütlerde kalite parametreleri olan süt yağı %, protein %, laktoz %, kuru madde %, yağsız kuru madde %, üre % ve kazein % analizleri süt komponentleri ölçüm cihazı ile, süt hücre süpernatantlarında G6PD ve GPx aktiviteleri ile NADPH, rGSH ve total protein düzeyleri ise spektrofotometrik yöntemlerle belirlenmiştir. Süt laktoz düzeyleri ile süt hücre G6PD aktivitesi (r=-0.574, p

WOS: 000470944100001, PubMed: 30981711, Mycoplasma spp. can cause diseases of the respiratory system as well as urogenital infections, infertility, and anemia. The members of this genus have a low G + C content compared to other bacteria. Because primers used in the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique are only 10 bp long and have high GC content, this method can be inadequate for genotyping Mycoplasma spp. isolates. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and two-primer RAPD (TP-RAPD) procedures for subtyping Mycoplasma cynos isolates. A total of 55 M. cynos isolates obtained from 162 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from shelter and pet dogs were used in this study. Seventy-four tandem repeat regions were detected in the M. cynos genome, and two of these loci were determined to be suitable and used for development of the MLVA scheme. The results of variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis and TP-RAPD-PCR were compared with RAPD-PCR. The discriminatory power of TP-RAPD-PCR (Hunter-Gaston diversity index [HGDI] = 0.84) was higher than those of RAPD-PCR (HGDI = 0.727), VNTR1 (HGDI = 0.8), and VNTR3 (HGDI = 0.757). We observed that the TPRAPD-PCR and MLVA methods provide clearer data and are more successful in determining genetic diversity, in contrast to the RAPD-PCR method for this species., Coordinatorship for Scientific Research Projects of Selcuk University [SUBAPK 17401041], This study was part of a research project supported by the Coordinatorship for Scientific Research Projects of Selcuk University (SUBAPK 17401041, Konya, Turkey). This study previously presented partly as an oral presentation at the XIII. Veterinary Microbiology Congress (October 2018-Antalya/Turkey).

WOS: 000460493000010, PubMed: 30660088, …, Turkish Neonatology Society, This research was supported by Turkish Neonatology Society (grant).

WOS: 000383889800007, In this study, it was aimed to interpret the effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on hematological parameters in rats. A total of 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 equally groups as euthyroid, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were induced by 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU; 0,05%, w/v) and L-thyroxine (L-T4; 0,0012%, w/v) received in drinking water, respectively. Blood samples were withdrawn from 7 rats of each group at the end of 3rd and 6th weeks for determination of the hematological parameters and serum hormone profiles. Among the 3rd week groups only percentage of monocyte was increased (p, Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination UnitSelcuk University [SUBAP-12102019], This study was partially supported by Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (Project No: SUBAP-12102019).

PubMed: 31542704, Preterm Low-Birth-Weight (PLBW) is frequently associated with periodontal disease. However, the mechanism is still unknown. The present study was performed to examine the possible link between periodontal infections and PLBW in post-partum women utilizing clinical parameters and CD4+ and CD8 + T lymphocytes ratio in gingival granulation tissue. Materials: The tissues used in this study consisted of 35 gingival granulation tissue biopsies from 35 mothers of healthy infants (HTBW), 35 biopsies of gingival granulation tissue from 35 mothers of PLBW within one month postpartum and gingival tissue biopsies from 7 control individual with no periodontal disease (HC). CD4+ and CD8 + T lymphocyte ratios in a unit area of the gingival granulation tissue were determined by hystometrically. Statistical analysis was performed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: CD8 + T lymphocytes were more prevalent in the PLBW group than in the HTBW and HC group (P < 0.05). The CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the PLBW group was lower than those of the other groups (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in CD4 + T lymphocytes counts between all groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limits of this study it can be concluded that CD8 + T lymphocytes in gingival tissue may play important roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and PLBW., 2003065, This study was supported by grants from the Selcuk University Scientific Research Projects ( 2003065 ).

WOS: 000484118100019, PubMed: 30687911, Background: The aim of the study was to determine morphometric and macro-anatomic features of auditory ossicles and the tympanic bulla in wolf. Materials and methods: For this purpose, 7 skulls of adult male wolf were used in the study. Auditory ossicles was photographed on a dissection microscope after it was removed from the skull. A total of 14 morphometric measurements were taken among the different points of malleus, incus and stapes in Image J programme. Mean values of the measurements were obtained and statistically compared in terms of sides (right-left). Results: In male wolves, the lengths of the right and left malleus were determined as mean 9.35 +/- 0.14 and 9.57 +/- 0.25 mm, the lengths of the incus as mean 3.01 +/- 0.32 and 2.94 +/- 0.16 mm, and the lengths of the stapes as mean 2.57 +/- 0.12 and 2.59 +/- 0.14 mm, respectively. The differences were not statistically significant when all the morphometric parameters were compared in terms of sides (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It is considered that this study will contribute to the anatomical studies to be conducted in the Canidae family regarding auditory ossicles.

This study was conducted to evaluate the pineal glands of the foal and adult horses with histomorphometry. The pineal glands were sectioned at a thickness of 40 µm and stained with AgNOR for stereological analyses. The weight and volume of the pineal gland as well as the number of pinealocytes were significantly higher in the adult horses (P=0.009). However, the number of pinealocytes in per volume was similar between foals and adult horses. Such data indicate that growth in the size of the gland is related to increase in the number of pinealocytes. The pinealocyte nucleus is significantly larger in adults (P= 0.009). Such a size difference should be further investigated if it is due to an increase in the number of cells with increased DNA content. Melanin was distributed throughout the foal pineal gland whereas it was focally localized to connective tissue in adults. The different patterns in melanin distribution suggest that foals and adult horses may differ by means of melanin metabolism in the pineal gland. © 2018, Chartered Inst. of Building Services Engineers. All rights reserved.

Amaç: Van kedileri, doğu Türkiye kaynaklıdır ve ulusal kültürel varlıkların bir parçasıdır. Van kedilerinin en belirgin özelliği, gözlerinin renkleridir (diskromatopsi). Bu çalışmanın amacı, Van kedilerinde plazma aspartat aminotransferaz, alanin aminotransferaz aktiviteleri, total protein, albümin, glikoz, trigliserit, LDL kolesterol, HDL kolestrol, kan üre / nitrojen ve kreatinin düzeylerini saptamak ve bu parametrelerin cinsiyet, yaş, göz rengi ve tüy uzunluğu ile ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, standart kedi yemi ile beslenen, sağlıklı, 47 adet Van kedisi (Van Kedi Evi, Yuzuncu Yil Üniversitesi, Van) kan plazması kullanıldı. Kediler, cinsiyet (dişierkek), yaş (1-2; 3-4; 5'in üzerinde), göz rengi (amber-amber, amber-mavi, mavi-amber, mavi-mavi, soldan sağa açıklanan gözler) ve tüy uzunluğu (kısa; uzun) temel alınarak gruplara ayrıldı. Plazma biyokimyasal parametreleri ticari kitlerle kolorimetrik olarak spektrofotometre ile belirlendi. Bulgular: Cinsiyete ilişkin olarak parametreler arasında fark yoktu. Kısa tüylü kedilerde uzun tüylü kedilere göre albumin düzeyleri daha yüksekti (p, Aim: Van cats originate from eastern Turkey and they are a part of the national cultural assets. The most striking characteristic feature of the Van cats is the colour of their eyes (dischromatopsy). The aim of this study was to determine plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities, total protein, albumin, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, urea/nitrogen, and creatinin levels and the relation of these parameters with sex, age, eye colour and hair length in Van cats. Materials and Methods: Healthy blood plasma, 47 Van cats (Van Cat House, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van), fed with standart cat food, were used. Cats were divided into groups based on sex (female-male), age (1-2; 3-4; above 5), eye colour (amber-amber, amber-blue, blue-amber, blue-blue, eyes described from left to right) and hair length (short; long). Plasma biochemical parameters were determined colorimetrically by spectrophotometry, with commercial kits. Results: There was no difference between the parameters regarding with sex. Albumin levels were higher in the short-haired cats compared to the long-haired cats (p

WOS: 000425921400014, This study was conducted to evaluate the pineal glands of the foal and adult horses with histomorphometry. The pineal glands were sectioned at a thickness of 40 mu m and stained with AgNOR for stereological analyses. The weight and volume of the pineal gland as well as the number of pinealocytes were significantly higher in the adult horses (P=0.009). However, the number of pinealocytes in per volume was similar between foals and adult horses. Such data indicate that growth in the size of the gland is related to increase in the number of pinealocytes. The pinealocyte nucleus is significantly larger in adults (P=0.009). Such a size difference should be further investigated if it is due to an increase in the number of cells with increased DNA content. Melanin was distributed throughout the foal pineal gland whereas it was focally localized to connective tissue in adults. The different patterns in melanin distribution suggest that foals and adult horses may differ by means of melanin metabolism in the pineal gland., Bu çalışma, tayların ve yetişkin atların pineal bezlerinin histomorfometrik olarak incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. 40 μm kalınlığında alınan kesitler, stereolojik analizler için AgNOR ile boyandı. Yetişkin atlarda pineal bezin ağırlığı, hacmi, ve pinealosit sayısı anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (P = 0.009). Bununla birlikte, hacim başına düşen pinealosit sayısı tay ve yetişkin atlarla benzerdi. Bu veriler, pinealosit sayısındaki artışa bağlı olarak bezin büyümesine işaret etmektedir. Pinealosit çekirdeği yetişkinlerde belirgin olarak daha büyüktü (P=0.009). Bu durum DNA içeriği artmış hücrelerin sayısının artmasından kaynaklanıyorsa böyle bir boyut farklılığı daha fazla araştırılmalıdır. Melanin, tay pineal bezinin her bölgesine dağılmış bir durumda idi, ancak yetişkinlerde stromanın bağ dokusuna dağılmış vaziyette idi. Melanin dağılımındaki farklılıklar, pineal bezdeki melanin metabolizmasının taylarda ve yetişkin atlarda farklılık gösterebileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Amaç: Van kedileri, doğu Türkiye kaynaklıdır ve ulusal kültürel varlıkların bir parçasıdır. Van kedilerinin en belirgin özelliği, gözlerinin renkleridir (diskromatopsi). Bu çalışmanın amacı, Van kedilerinde plazma aspartat aminotransferaz, alanin aminotransferaz aktiviteleri, total protein, albümin, glikoz, trigliserit, LDL kolesterol, HDL kolestrol, kan üre / nitrojen ve kreatinin düzeylerini saptamak ve bu parametrelerin cinsiyet, yaş, göz rengi ve tüy uzunluğu ile ilişkisini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, standart kedi yemi ile beslenen, sağlıklı, 47 adet Van kedisi (Van Kedi Evi, Yuzuncu Yil Üniversitesi, Van) kan plazması kullanıldı. Kediler, cinsiyet (dişierkek), yaş (1-2; 3-4; 5'in üzerinde), göz rengi (amber-amber, amber-mavi, mavi-amber, mavi-mavi, soldan sağa açıklanan gözler) ve tüy uzunluğu (kısa; uzun) temel alınarak gruplara ayrıldı. Plazma biyokimyasal parametreleri ticari kitlerle kolorimetrik olarak spektrofotometre ile belirlendi.Bulgular: Cinsiyete ilişkin olarak parametreler arasında fark yoktu. Kısa tüylü kedilerde uzun tüylü kedilere göre albumin düzeyleri daha yüksekti (p, Aim: Van cats originate from eastern Turkey and they are a part of the national cultural assets. The most striking characteristic feature of the Van cats is the colour of their eyes (dischromatopsy). The aim of this study was to determine plasma aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase activities, total protein, albumin, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, urea/nitrogen, and creatinin levels and the relation of these parameters with sex, age, eye colour and hair length in Van cats.Materials and Methods: Healthy blood plasma, 47 Van cats (Van Cat House, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van), fed with standart cat food, were used. Cats were divided into groups based on sex (female-male), age (1-2; 3-4; above 5), eye colour (amber-amber, amber-blue, blue-amber, blue-blue, eyes described from left to right) and hair length (short; long). Plasma biochemical parameters were determined colorimetrically by spectrophotometry, with commercial kits. Results: There was no difference between the parameters regarding with sex. Albumin levels were higher in the short-haired cats compared to the long-haired cats (p

Amaç: Araştırmada, Akkaraman ırkı erkek kuzuların longissimus thoracis (LT) ve longissimus lumborum (LL) kaslarından elde edilen etlere, 14 gün süre ile kuru dinlendirme yöntemi uygulanarak dinlendirme periyodu boyunca sarkomer uzunluklarında meydana gelen değişikliklerin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Materyal olarak, 11 aylık 6 adet Akkaraman ırkı erkek kuzunun longissimus thoracis ve longissimus lumborum kaslarından elde edilen etler kullanılmıştır. Kuru dinlendirme uygulaması için etler, 1C'de, % 85 rutubet ve 0,2-0,5m/sn hava akımı olan soğutma dolabında 14 gün boyunca dinlenmeye bırakılmıştır. Dinlendirme işleminin, başlangıç (0), 7 ve 14. günlerinde alınan örnekler, rutin histolojik takip işlemlerinden sonra Crossmon'ın üçlü boyama yöntemiyle boyanıp sarkomer uzunlukları ölçülmüştür. Preparatlar ışık mikroskobu (Leica DM 250) ile değerlendirilmiş ve gerekli bölgelerin görüntüleri kamera ile dijital ortamda kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular: Kuru dinlendirme işlemine tabi tutulan LT ve LL kas gruplarının, dinlendirme periyodu boyunca sarkomer uzunluklarının 1,71- 1,87µm arasında değişim gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. LT kaslarının sarkomer uzunluklarının 7. güne kadar artış gösterip, sonrasında sabit kaldığı, LL kas grubundaki artışın ise 14. güne kadar sürdüğü belirlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda, 14 günlük süre zarfında LL kaslarında ölçülen ortalama sarkomer uzunluklarının LT kaslarına kıyasla daha uzun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Dinlendirme periyodu boyunca ölçülen ortalama sarkomer uzunluklarındaki değişimler ile LT ve LL kas grupları arasındaki farklılıkların istatistiksel açıdan önemli olduğu görülmüştür (p0.05). Öneri: Elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar kuru dinlendirme işleminin Akkaraman ırkı erkek koyunların LL ve LT kaslarının sarkomer uzunlukları üzerine önemli düzeyde etkileri olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sebeple farklı kas gruplarının sarkomer uzunluklarının bilinmesinin, kas grupları arasındaki gevreklik farklılıklarının ortaya konması ve daha gevrek etler elde edilebilmesi açısından önem taşıdığı düşünülmektedir., Aim: In the study, it was aimed to determine the changes in sarcomere lengths of M. longissimus thoracis (LT) and M. longissimus lumborum (LL) obtained from Akkaraman breed male lamb.Materials and Methods: The LT and LL muscles obtained from Akkaraman breed male lambs of 11-month old were used. For dry aging, meats were aged for 14 days at 1 C with 0.2-0.5 m/s airflow and 85% humidity. Samples were taken at the beginning (0), 7th and 14th days of the aging process, stained with Crossmon's triple staining method after routine histological procedures. Cross-sections were evaluated under a light microscope and sarcomere lengths were measured. Images were recorded digitally. Results: It was determined that mean sarcomere lengths of LT and LL muscle groups ranged from 1,71 to 1,87 ?m during the aging period. It was detected that the sarcomere lengths of LT muscles was increased up to 7th day, following it remained constant. The sarcomere lengths of LL muscle increased until the 14th day. It was also found that the mean of sarcomere lengths of LL muscles were longer than LT muscles during the aging period. There were significant differences among the muscle groups (p0.05).Conclusions: The results show that dry aging has significant effects on the sarcomere lengths of LL and LT muscles of Akkaraman male lambs. It is believed that the knowledge of the sarcomere length of different muscle groups is important for demonstrating the tenderness differences between muscle groups and for being able to obtain more tender meats

WOS: 000388115200023, The aim of this study was to determine the physiological, hematological parameters and ANAE positivity of donkeys in Kyrgyzstan. Animals (n=24) were clinically examined and blood samples were taken. The average pulsation and respiration rates of male and female donkeys were measured as 52.25 +/- 9.27; 49.16 +/- 4.80 beats/minute and 18.41 +/- 4.21; 18.58 +/- 3.30 breaths/minute, respectively. HGB, MCV, MCH and MCHC values did not different in the groups. RBC and WBC values were higher in females. Mean ANAE-positive PBL ratio of donkeys was found as 42.90 +/- 1.18%. Consequently, some physiological, hematological values and ANAE-profile were determined and advised as reference values of donkeys in Kyrgyzstan.