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Since the couple of decades the demand for silk has been increasing day by day but the average silk production is not enough to meet its demand. In this study, we investigated the effect of with Maize extract in different concentration (0.5%,1.0 %,1.5 %,2.0%, 2.5 %)on the growth 5th stage silkworm larvae on the biological and commercial traits of Bombyx mori L. The silkworm larvae at 5th instar stage were taken and fed with fresh and healthy mulberry leaves coated with Maize extract in different concentration. Results of the current study revealed that the higher growth parameters of 5th stage silkworm larvae, the cocoon weight, shell weight, and shell ratio were increased, and thus improved the quality of silk as compared to the control. The commercial traits of larvae fed with Maize extract in different concentration leaves also improved significantly. The larvae fed with Maize extract in different concentration treated mulberry leaves showed the maximum cocoon weight, cocoon length, cocoon width, cocoon shell ratio and fibroin content as compared to the control group. It is evident from the results that the fed with Maize extract coated mulberry leaves have a positive effect on the commercial and biological traits of Bombyx mori (L.). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research work, an Adaptive Multi-Scale Dual Attention Network with ZOA for Multi-Objective CHS with energy-aware routing in 6G wireless Communication (CHS-EAR-AM-SDAN-6G) is proposed to secure the data transmission by selecting optimum cluster heads in the 6G Wireless Communication network. Initially, the nodes are gathered together to form a cluster using an Adaptive Multi-Scale Dual Attention Network (AM-SDAN). The Zebra Optimization Algorithm (ZOA) strategically selects Cluster Heads (CHs) in wireless networks based on a multi-objective fitness function (MoFF) that minimizes energy consumption while considering factors, like distance, delay, and traffic density. The path and minimum value of fitness are recognized as the routing path and statistics are promoted to the sink node through the cluster head. The proposed scheme has been applied in Python and productivity of the proposed method is predictable with the help of several performances they are energy consumption, detection rate, computational time, packet delivery rate, number of alive nodes, and security. The performance of the proposed CHS-EAR-AMSDAN-6G method attains 25.93%, 24.81%, and 23.38% of alive nodes, 24.45%, 26.71% and 21.32% lower packet delivery rate, 27.56%, 26.43%, and 28.61% low computational period, related with three current methods, such as Generative Adversarial Learning for ITM in 6G Wireless Communication Networks (CHS-EAR-GAL-ITM-6G), ML Algorithms for the Future 6G WCN (CHS-EAR-ML-6G), Energy Efficient Distributed Federated Learning to the 6G Wireless Communication Networks (CHS-EAR-EEDFL-6G), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface tooth wear is one of the major causes of tooth failures in gear drives. Boosting tooth wear resistance is a significant research objective for designing high-quality asymmetric spur gears with longer life against wear. The main goal of the present work is to boost the wear resistance of the asymmetric spur gear by changing the tooth shape through profile modification. The proper distribution of correction factor to the pinion and gear is necessary to enhance the gear performance. The asymmetric spur gear with different values of sum of profile correction factors (−0.2, 0 and 0.2) is chosen to evaluate the wear depth. This sum of correction factors is accurately distributed between the asymmetric pinion and gear for attaining balanced sliding velocity at the tip and root, balanced slide to roll ratio at the tip and root, equal bending strength in the asymmetric drive and maximum balanced wear in the face and flank regions of the pinion. The optimum values of the correction factor of the asymmetric pinion and the maximum tooth wear are evaluated for the above four different balanced cases. The calculated tooth wear is lower in the balanced wear method than that in other balanced methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In the field of anaesthesiology, attenuation of pressor response is one of the keenly researched subjects. As a standard practice we use rigid laryngoscope to view the larynx and adjacent structures for facilitating endotracheal intubation. This causes direct trauma to the oropharynx and larynx and apart from this it also causes stimulation resulting in a rise in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure. Tachycardia, hypertension, and dysrhythmias all occur during laryngoscopy and intubations. Aim: This study was done to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg; and labetalol 0.3 mg/kg in attenuating the cardiovascular responses to Laryngoscopy and Intubation, and to observe for adverse effects if any of these two in the specified dosage. Materials and Methods: This randomized comparative double - blinded study was conducted in Kamineni medical college in the year JAN-DEC 2023. After obtaining ethical committee approval, the study population was chosen all the patients were assessed preoperatively with history, clinical examination, and required investigations, informed written consent was obtained from the patient. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group D (n: 45) received Dexmedetomidine 1 µg/kg in 10ml normal saline IV. Over 10 min, and subsequently 5min after induction of anesthesia was done. Group L (n: 45) received Labetalol 0.3 mg/kg 10 ml normal saline IV. over 10 min, 5 min prior to induction of anesthesia. All patients were pre medicated with Inj. Midazolam 2 mg and Inj. Glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg IV. 45 min before surgery Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation were recorded as the baseline value. Results: There was a reduction in the heart rate and mean arterial pressure response to intubation in both Dexmedetomidine and Labetalol groups, but when both the groups were compared there was a statistically significant reduction of heart rate and arterial pressure response to intubation in Dexmeditomidine group (p< 0.05). There was no significant hypotension or bradycardia in any of the groups. Conclusion: We conclude that Dexmeditomidine 1 µg/Kg given slowly over 10 minutes intravenously 5 minutes before induction, attenuates the cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation in a better manner than Labetalol 0.3mg/Kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Supraclavicular brachial plexus block under ultrasound guidance is the most commonly used technique to provide anaesthesia for upper limb surgeries. Routine methods used for evaluation of block success needpatient co-operation and are time consuming. A successful supraclavicular nerve block is associated with vascular dilation. Perfusion index, which is automatically calculated by pulse oximetry, provides an indication of peripheral perfusion at sensor site. Aim: The aim of study is to assess perfusion indexas a predictor of successful supraclavicular brachial plexus block. The objective of the study is to assess whether PI and PI ratio can be used as an alternative for sensory or motor function tests to assess success of supraclavicular block. Material and Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at kamineni institute of medical sciences, Narketpally from March 2023-October 2023. After obtaining informed written consent, total of 60 patients, aged between 20-60 years belonging to ASA physical status 1 and 2, undergoing upper limb surgeries (forearm surgeries) under ultra-sound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block were included. After local anaesthetic injection, sensory and motor block were assessed every 5 minutes till 20 minutes. Perfusion index (PI) was recorded at baseline and every 5 minutes till 20 minutes after block in both blocked and unblocked upper limb simultaneously. PI ratio calculated as PI at 10 minutes divided by PI at baseline. Results: Perfusion index was higher in blocked limb at all time points compared to baseline and to unblocked limb. Both PI and PI ratio were found statistically significant. Conclusion: PI and PI ratio can be used as an alternative tool to assess the success of supraclavicular brachial plexus block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, a finite-element model of internal gear drives with different tooth thickness factors (non-standard gear drives) is generated in order to investigate their performance characteristics. The finite-element analysis includes a focused mixture of non-standard internal gear set under enhanced bending and contact strength conditions for an accurate assessment of wear and efficiency. The analysis comprised gear sets having higher bending strength compared to the conditions in the standard internal gear drive to evaluate the tooth wear and its efficiency. A state-of-the-art semi-analytical nonlinear contact mechanics construction is executed to model a non-standard internal gear transmission unit. The tooth thickness of the non-standard internal gear is varied concerning the stresses and is quantified as a function. The computed results also extended with internal gear sets at varying operating parameters. The results evidently specify that power loss decreases with the proper combination of operating parameters. The results are presented and strategies concerning the design of a non-standard internal gear are also deliberated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]