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形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, Accepted: 2022-02-15, 資料番号: PA2210034000

Spectral proper orthogonal decomposition (SPOD) is a major modal analysis that extracts a dominant structure at each frequency from complicated flow data, such as the wavepacket hidden under turbul...

形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, Accepted: 2020-11-23, 資料番号: PA2110013000

形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, Accepted: 2020-07-26, 資料番号: PA2110060000

形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, Accepted: 2020-09-08, 資料番号: PA2110003000

Accepted: 2021-08-23, 資料番号: PA2210027000

Oxidative stress (OS) is a state in which the oxidative capacity exceeds the antioxidant capacity in vivo. OS is associated with various perinatal diseases. There have been few reports about OS during pregnancy, such as OS changes that occur during gestation, normal maternal OS dynamics, and OS levels in umbilical cord blood. We here examined the oxidative and antioxidant capacity in maternal blood as well as in umbilical cord vein blood during normal pregnancy. Pregnant women managed from early pregnancy to the postpartum period in our hospital, from April 2018 to March 2019, were included. We obtained maternal blood at 12, 24, and 36 weeks of gestation and obtained umbilical cord blood at delivery. The OS (derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites [d-ROMs]) and antioxidant capacity (biological antioxidant potential [BAP]) of blood samples were measured. D-ROMs and BAP were compared across gestational weeks. Moreover, d-ROMs and BAP were compared between mothers with and without disease. We analyzed 100 pregnancies (651 specimens). Eleven patients developed hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP)/preeclampsia (PE). The median maternal age was 35 years, and the median gestational age at delivery was 39 weeks. Thirty-one women had undergone fertility treatments. D-ROM values were significantly higher and BAP values were significantly lower in mid- and late pregnancy than in early pregnancy. D-ROM and BAP showed no significant differences between HDP/PE and non-hypertensive groups. During pregnancy, maternal OS increases, and antioxidant capacity decreases with advancing gestational age.

At the AIAA SciTech 2020 conference, the Meshing, Visualization and Computational Environments Technical Committee hosted a special technical panel on In Situ/In Transit Computational Environments for Visualization and Data Analytics. The panel brought together leading experts from industry, software vendors, Department of Energy, Department of Defense and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). In situ and in transit methodologies enable Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulations to avoid the excessive overhead associated with data I/O at large scales especially as simulations scale to millions of processors. These methods either share the data analysis/visualization pipelines with the memory space of the solver or efficiently off load the workload to alternate processors. Using these methods, simulations can scale and have the promise of enabling the community to satisfy the Knowledge Extraction milestones as envisioned by the CFD Vision 2030 study for "on demand analysis/visualization of a 100 Billion point unsteady CFD simulation". This paper summarizes the presentations providing a discussion point of how the community can achieve the goals set forth in the CFD Vision 2030.

Acoustic-triggered conditional sampling analysis can extract the broadband-noise-related intermittent fluctuations from complicated schlieren visualization movies around the source region, which is difficult when using conventional methods. In this study, an analysis of the Mach wave radiation from a supersonic jet was performed. The extracted results properly captured the known features of the Mach waves and their sources (i.e., wavepacket at the jet boundary) and clearly showed the correlation between these near-field fluctuations and the far-field intermittent acoustic events. This analysis can potentially be applied to other broadband, intermittent turbulent noise and will provide a better understanding of their generation mechanisms.

Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is one of popular supervised learning techniques that map input data sequence into the continuous outputs with Gaussian probability distribution. Since GPR can quantify uncertainty in the predicted values unlike other machine learning techniques, it is becoming used to predict behaviors of mission critical applications such as satellites or gas turbines. However, its computation requirement is very high due to the extensive use of matrix operations. In this paper, we focus on the mean value prediction part as a major time-consuming one of Gaussian process regression and attempt to implement a custom hardware accelerator on FPGAs using high-level synthesis technique. Assuming the target dataset is onedimensional time series data, we design the accelerator specific to the single feature. Following the reference design using Python’s scikit-learn, we prepare a straightforward implementation in C++, and optimize it for an FPGA with high-level synthesis technique. From the results of implementation on the Ultra96 MPSoC board, we find that our accelerator can achieve a 250x speedup and 177 times less energy compared with the reference Python code for the CPU on the target board.

Author(s): Godoy, WF; Podhorszki, N; Wang, R; Atkins, C; Eisenhauer, G; Gu, J; Davis, P; Choi, J; Germaschewski, K; Huck, K; Huebl, A; Kim, M; Kress, J; Kurc, T; Liu, Q; Logan, J; Mehta, K; Ostrouchov, G; Parashar, M; Poeschel, F; Pugmire, D; Suchyta, E; Takahashi, K; Thompson, N; Tsutsumi, S; Wan, L; Wolf, M; Wu, K; Klasky, S | Abstract: We present ADIOS 2, the latest version of the Adaptable Input Output (I/O) System. ADIOS 2 addresses scientific data management needs ranging from scalable I/O in supercomputers, to data analysis in personal computer and cloud systems. Version 2 introduces a unified application programming interface (API) that enables seamless data movement through files, wide-area-networks, and direct memory access, as well as high-level APIs for data analysis. The internal architecture provides a set of reusable and extendable components for managing data presentation and transport mechanisms for new applications. ADIOS 2 bindings are available in C++11, C, Fortran, Python, and Matlab and are currently used across different scientific communities. ADIOS 2 provides a communal framework to tackle data management challenges as we approach the exascale era of supercomputing.

This paper describes LS-FLOW-HO, a high-order compressible flow solver based on the Flux Reconstruction(FR) method, and its performance optimization. The Flux Reconstruction method achieves arbitrary high-order accuracy on unstructured grids and is suitable for many core architectures because of the local data sets (Stencil) involved in spatial discretization. This study focuses on the performance optimization of the PRIMEHPC FX100, a Fujitsu scalar supercomputer. First, the execution time of sample code that uses the BLAS library is compared with that of code that uses a sparse matrix multiplication which calculates only non-zero values. It is found that the sparse matrix multiplication takes less time than using DGEMM for hexahedral elements when the degree of interpolation polynomial is higher than 2. Using sparse matrix multiplication, hot spot tuning was done by extracting each subroutine code from LS-FLOW-HO. The speedup was confirmed by changing the array structure in the cell boundary, improving the memory/cache access latency by the sequential memory access, and increasing loop length by loop collapsing. Applying these tunings to LS-FLOW-HO, execution time was reduced by up to 40%, and reached 10.23% of the theoretical FLOPS peak using 16 threads of OpenMP on a single node. The performance on Intel Haswell was also shown as the execution time is reduced by about 49%. It was confirmed that the proposed techniques are effective on other processors. Finally, sustained strong scaling performance for real application to supersonic jets is demonstrated using 32 to 3200 nodes (1024 to 102400 cores).

A broadband equivalent acoustic source distribution can be used to model the sound field near a high-speed jet. Such models must account for the spatiospectral variation of the sound levels. This work presents a technique for obtaining such a model using a spectral decomposition method associated with large and fine-scale turbulent mixing noise to create broadband equivalent source distributions for each noise type. The large-scale turbulent mixing noise is represented by frequency-dependent wavepackets, while the fine-scale turbulent mixing noise is modeled as a frequency-dependent incoherent, extended source distribution. This technique is applied to acoustical measurements from an ideally expanded, unheated Mach 1.8 jet. The wavepackets model the sound field levels in the maximum radiation region, but the second incoherent source distribution is required to obtain the levels at the other locations. The combination of the incoherent source distribution and the wavepacket provides a broadband, equivalent acoustic source representation that adequately models the sound field for Strouhal numbers between 0.04 and 0.25. At higher Strouhal numbers, better agreement is obtained when accounting for a frequency-dependent shift in the apparent acoustic source region. This frequency-dependent source region is more important closer to the jet than in the far field.

形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, Accepted: 2018-04-20, 資料番号: PA1910058000

For an adequate understanding of the broadband acoustic phenomena generated by a rocket exhaust jet impinging on a flame deflector, this study experimentally clarifies the factors that cause the di...

Although POR deficiency (PORD) is assumed to be accompanied by excessive placental androgen accumulation and enhanced adrenal and testicular androgen production via the backdoor pathway as well as compromised testicular androgen production via the frontdoor pathway, there is no direct evidence for the flux of excessive placental androgens into the fetal circulation and for the production of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) via the backdoor pathway. We examined longitudinal serum and urine steroid metabolite profiles in a 46,XY infant with PORD who was prenatally identified because of the progressive fetal masculinization and maternal virilization from the mid-gestation and the presence of fetal radio-humeral synostosis and was confirmed to have compound heterozygous mutations of POR (p.Q201X and p.R457H). The results showed (1) markedly and inappropriately elevated serum androstenedione and testosterone (T) values at birth, (2) a markedly increased serum DHT value with a normal DHT/T ratio at birth, (3) transient elevation of serum T and DHT values accompanied by a normal DHT/T ratio and concomitant elevations of intermediate steroid metabolites on both the frontdoor and backdoor pathways at 30 days of age, and (4) persistent PORD-compatible urine steroid profiles. Although the data obtained from a single infantile patient are too premature to be generalized, they imply: (1) the transfer of excessive placental androgens into the fetal as well as the maternal circulations from the mid-gestation, (2) lack of a clinically discernible amount of DHT production via the adrenal backdoor pathway around birth, and (3) the activation of both the frontdoor and backdoor pathways in the testis around the mini-puberty, with no production of a clinically discernible amount of DHT via the testicular backdoor pathway.

At the time of writing this abstract, a review article is being finalized for publication in JASA entitled a “Supersonic jet noise from launch vehicles: 50 years since NASA SP-8072,” it describes the current state-of-the-art in rocket and launch vehicle noise research, including how highly heated, supersonic rocket plumes differ from other jets, the origin and nature of the radiated sound from both free and impinging rocket plumes, and techniques for pad noise mitigation during rocket launches. Existing and candidate methods (both empirical and numerical) for modeling rocket launch noise are reviewed, including the ubiquitous NASA SP-8072 methodology, which has formed the cornerstone of many rocket launch noise prediction models over the past half century. This talk will briefly discuss some of the insights gained as a result of writing this review and show how they led to the inevitable conclusion that an entirely new approach to rocket plume noise modeling—one that incorporates the underlying physics of the noise generation mechanisms—must be pursued.

形態: カラー図版あり, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, 資料番号: PA1710077000

Background Globally, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Here, we report a case of cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa arising from cervical cancer, an extremely rare and treatment-resistant condition. Case presentation A 64-year-old Japanese woman presented with genital bleeding. She was diagnosed as having stage IB1 squamous cell cervical cancer and subsequently treated with radiotherapy. Approximately 2 years after the curative radiotherapy, she developed itching, skin rash, and small nodules on her left femoral and pubic area. Slight 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake was detected at her left femoral skin on positron emission tomography with computed tomography. A histopathological examination was performed on a biopsy sample from an erythematous macule on her left femoral skin and vulva. Consequently, she was diagnosed as having cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa arising from cervical cancer. Paclitaxel (135 mg/m2), cisplatin (50 mg/m2), and bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) combination therapy was administered every 21 days. Both itching and rash improved after three treatment cycles. After the completion of six cycles, skin erythema in the femoral and vulval area disappeared completely. Our patient experienced a 25-month symptom-free interval after the last chemotherapy session. Conclusion Our findings suggest that combination chemotherapy plus bevacizumab is an effective therapeutic option in patients with cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa arising from cervical cancer.

A bivariate time-series analysis based on the phase plane trajectory of feature vectors extracted by principal component analysis is developed for fault detection in a reusable liquid-propellant rocket engine. Static-firing test results of the reusable rocket engine obtained at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency are employed for demonstration of the present method. The present method successfully detected temperature sensor failure from 19 firing tests of 62 sensors, even in the deviation of the engine operational sequence between the static-firing tests. The present method was also able to detect the system failure from 23 firing tests. Furthermore, the ability to distinguish the system and sensor failure was demonstrated.