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24. Use of methotrexate in the treatment of ectopic pregnancies: a retrospective single center study

Author

Beguin, C, Brichant, G, De Landsheere, L, Tebache, L, Karampelas, S, Seidel, L, and Nisolle, M

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Original Paper, predictive factors, pregnancy of unknown location, ectopic pregnancy, medical treatment, hCG threshold, methotrexate
Abstract

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) in the treatment of ectopic pregnancies. We identified predictive factors of success or failure and compared our results with previous studies to make recommendations for its use. Material and methods A cohort of 61 patients from a single center was retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy and treatment with a single-dose injection of MTX. The need to perform surgery despite MTX was defined as treatment failure while needing a second MTX injection was not. Results In our cohort, MTX demonstrated a success rate of 80%. This rate rose to 84% when patients with human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG ) > 5,000 IU/L were excluded. Twenty percent underwent surgery for pain, increased mass size and/or suboptimal hCG kinetics. Low hCG levels on days 0, 4 and 7 as well as the absence of pain, metrorrhagia and hemoperitoneum were predictive of success. MTX was also efficient in the treatment of persisting pregnancies of unknown location (PUL). Conclusion Our results are consistent with previous studies and emphasize the fact that MTX is less effective above a certain level of hCG. We obtained a cut-off value of 2439 IU/L with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 93.9%. MTX should not be used when hCG is higher than 5,000 IU/L and laparoscopic surgery should be performed. Our results bring additional data about the efficacy of MTX in the management of persisting pregnancies of unknown location.

Published
2020

34. Haze Formation and the Challenges for Peptidases in Wine Protein Fining

Author

Albuquerque, W., Seidel, L., Zorn, H., Will, F., Gand, M., and Publica

Abstract

To meet consumer expectations, white wines must be clear and stable against haze formation. Temperature variations during transport and storage may induce protein aggregation, mainly caused by thaumatin like-proteins (TLPs) and chitinases (CHIs), which thus need to be fined before bottling of the wine. Currently, bentonite clay is employed to inhibit or minimize haze formation in wines. Alternatively, peptidases have emerged as an option for the removal of these thermolabile proteins, although their efficacy under winemaking conditions has not yet been fully demonstrated. The simultaneous understanding of the chemistry behind the cleavage of haze proteins and the haze formation may orchestrate alternative methods of technological and economic importance in winemaking. Therefore, we provide an overview of wine fining by peptidases, and new perspectives are developed to reopen discussions on the aforementioned challenges.

Published
2021

35. Towards bioleaching of a vanadium containing magnetite for metal recovery

Author

Bellenberg, S. (Sören), Turner, S. (Stephanie), Seidel, L. (Laura), van Wyk, N. (Nathan), Zhang, R. (Ruichi), Sachpazidou, V. (Varvara), Embile Jr., R. F. (Rodrigo F.), Walder, I. (Ingar), Leiviskä, T. (Tiina), Dopson, M. (Mark), Bellenberg, S. (Sören), Turner, S. (Stephanie), Seidel, L. (Laura), van Wyk, N. (Nathan), Zhang, R. (Ruichi), Sachpazidou, V. (Varvara), Embile Jr., R. F. (Rodrigo F.), Walder, I. (Ingar), Leiviskä, T. (Tiina), and Dopson, M. (Mark)

Abstract

Vanadium — a transition metal — is found in the ferrous-ferric mineral, magnetite. Vanadium has many industrial applications, such as in the production of high-strength low-alloy steels, and its increasing global industrial consumption requires new primary sources. Bioleaching is a biotechnological process for microbially catalyzed dissolution of minerals and wastes for metal recovery such as biogenic organic acid dissolution of bauxite residues. In this study, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to identify microorganisms in Nordic mining environments influenced by vanadium containing sources. These data identified gene sequences that aligned to the Gluconobacter genus that produce gluconic acid. Several strategies for magnetite dissolution were tested including oxidative and reductive bioleaching by acidophilic microbes along with dissimilatory reduction by Shewanella spp. that did not yield significant metal release. In addition, abiotic dissolution of the magnetite was tested with gluconic and oxalic acids, and yielded 3.99 and 81.31% iron release as a proxy for vanadium release, respectively. As a proof of principle, leaching via gluconic acid production by Gluconobacter oxydans resulted in a maximum yield of 9.8% of the available iron and 3.3% of the vanadium. Addition of an increased concentration of glucose as electron donor for gluconic acid production alone, or in combination with calcium carbonate to buffer the pH, increased the rate of iron dissolution and final vanadium recoveries. These data suggest a strategy of biogenic organic acid mediated vanadium recovery from magnetite and point the way to testing additional microbial species to optimize the recovery.

Published
2021

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