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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) account for a very small proportion of all pancreatic tumors. The presence or absence of a specific clinical manifestation associated with hormone oversecretion determines whether a PNET is functional or nonfunctional. Imaging expressions differ significantly, from the common to the extremely rare. Diffuse, uniform pancreatic enlargement, without abnormalities in contour or a central mass, is the most common radiological finding. We report the case of a 43-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain and early satiety over the course of two months and was found to have a non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, with the pseudocyst being the initial diagnostic finding. In comparison to patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer, those with PNET have a much better prognosis and longer expected survival time. This case report highlights the importance of the diagnostic evaluation of PNET and timely intervention to prolong the survival of the patient., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2022, Sedhai et al.)

Wilson's disease (WD) is one of the most prevalent genetic conditions in the world. The average onset age ranges between 5 and 35 years. The prognosis tends to be worse if the diagnosis is delayed. Neurocognitive and psychological disorders are the most common extrahepatic manifestations of WD. Moreover, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is discovered to have a significant correlation with neurodegenerative disorders, particularly WD. Several synucleinopathies, including WD, have an early prodromal stage that manifests as RBD or sleep behavior disorder. We hereby present a case of a 14-year-old patient with borderline ceruloplasmin levels and REM sleep disorder as an early manifestation of WD. RBD may be considered one of the earliest manifestations of such disorders and a vital phase of the disease's onset, as the patient may be more responsive to treatment at this point., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2022, Voloshyna et al.)

Neurilemmomas are tumors of neural origin that comprise Schwann cell proliferation in a characteristic pattern. They are benign in nature. Ancient neurilemmomas are usually longstanding growths that exhibit degenerative features that could be mistaken for malignancy. We report a case of ancient neurilemmoma in a 70-year-old male patient in the retroperitoneal area. Retroperitoneal schwannomas are extremely uncommon along with ancient neurilemmoma features making it worth reporting., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2022, Mendpara et al.)

Introduction and Importance: Left-sided gall bladder, a rare biliary abnormality with an incidence of 0.04-0.3%, is characterized by the presence of the gall bladder to the left of the ligamentum teres. However, they are often missed during pre-operative imaging and often encountered intraoperatively, thus challenging the surgical intervention for the surgeons., Case Presentation: We herein present a 40-year-old male presented with colicky right hypochondriac pain and epigastric discomfort, diagnosed incidentally during laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a left-sided sided gall bladder without situs inversus, which was missed during pre-operative ultrasonography and was treated without any complications with conventional four-port technique without changes in the trocar placement., Clinical Discussion: Gall bladder is normally found in the gall bladder fossa to the right of the ligamentum teres in the plane of the von Rex-Cantlie line; however, left-sided gall bladder is found to the left of the ligamentum teres and is frequently associated with inversus of the abdominal structures and associated vessels. They are frequently overlooked during preoperative diagnostic imaging, ultrasound for colicky discomfort, and encountered during intraoperative operations, confounding the treating surgeon's anatomic expertise. Intra-operative cholangiography is sometimes used as an adjunct, and operations can be accomplished with or without modifications in trocar position., Conclusion: Despite preoperative imaging, biliary abnormalities can be discovered accidently during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Thus, diligent recognition of structures and related anomalies by the treating surgeon has a high value in the best possible outcome for the patient, and left-sided gall bladder can be done with minimum difficulty even without interposition of trocar placement., Competing Interests: No any conflict of interest to declare by the authors., (© 2022 The Authors.)