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The data on the composition and amount of amino acids have been analyzed in the raw materials of five legume species. All of them grow in Southern Ukrainian flora (Securigera varia (L.) Lassen, Vicia cracca L., Lupinus luteus L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Melilotus albus Medic.) and may be used as a source of amino acids, especially essential, whose resource has to be replenished from the outside. Aim. We have studied and compared the amino acid profile of some species of the Ukrainian South Legumes, and used the multidimensional statistical cluster analysis to construction of histograms based on the amino acids content and composition of such plants as: Securigera varia (L.) Lassen, Vicia cracca L., Lupinus luteus L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Melilotus albus Medic. Materials and methods. The raw materials were harvested at the South of Ukraine and were investigated by gas-liquid chromatography. The amino acid analyzer has been used after hydrochloric acid hydrolysis at elevated temperature. Results. 19 amino acids have been identified, of which nine are essential or partially interchangeable. The non-polar amino acid proline is in the lead in terms of quantity among the essential amino acids. Its amount was 6932 mg/100 g and the ability to accumulate it was noted in Melilotus officinalis (2276 mg/100 g). The smallest proline amount was found in Lupinus luteus (388 mg/100 g). The sulfur-containing non-polar amino acid methionine is in the smallest amount in the selected plants (506 mg/100 g). Our attention was drawn to the absence of the polar amino acid glutamine among the non-essential amino acids in some plants. Securigera varia, Vicia cracca, and Melilotus officinalis did not contain glutamine. In this subgroup, the polar aspartic acid was found in the highest amount (6824 mg/100 g) with the highest content in Vicia cracca and the lowest – in Melilotus albus (2660 mg/100 g and 385 mg/100 g, respectively). Conclusions. The analysis of the presence and number of amino acids was the basis for our multidimensional statistical cluster analysis and histograms of the presentation of the amino acid profile of the studied plant members of the family Fabaceae L. In constructing the dendrogram, three clusters were identified, and representatives of one genus (Melilotus L.) were attributed to different clusters which is significant for further chemosystematic studies.

The study focuses on in vitro effect of aqueous tinctures of 48 species of herbaceous, shrub and tree plants on the first-third stage larvae of Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856) and third-stage larvae of Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1803) Cobb, 1898. The highest level of the effect was exerted by 3% aqueous tinctures of Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Laburnum anagyroides Medik., Quercus petraea subsp. iberica (Steven ex M. Bieb.) Krassiln., Ginkgo biloba L., Colchicum autumnale L., Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom., Celastrus scandens L., Securigera varia (L.) Lassen, Magnolia kobus DC. Over 90% of the first and second non-invasive stage larvae of S. papillosus died at contact with these tinctures. The lowest parameters of LD50 were seen for L. anagyroides, Juniperus sabina L., C. scandens, M. kobus, A. manshuriensis, Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC. and Securigera varia (L.) Lassen. Invasive larvae of S. papillosus and H. contortus were resistant to the effect of all the 48 surveyed species of plants. Third-stage larvae of H. contortus remained vital when exposed for 24 h to all the studied concentrations up to 3% aqueous tincture of plants. The results of the experiments and also the analysis of the literature indicate the necessity to continue the survey on nematocidial activity of aqueous tinctures and alcveshol extracts of plants.

Cercospora is a well-studied and important genus of plant pathogenic species responsible for leaf spots on a broad range of plant hosts. The lack of useful morphological traits and the high degree of variation therein complicate species identifications in Cercospora. Recent studies have revealed multi-gene DNA sequence data to be highly informative for species identification in Cercospora. During the present study, Cercospora isolates obtained from Crownvetch (Securigera varia) in Iran and Romania were subjected to an eight-gene (ITS, tef1, actA, cmdA, his3, tub2, rpb2 and gapdh) analysis. By applying a polyphasic approach including morphological characteristics, host data, and molecular analyses, these isolates were identified as C. rautensis. To our knowledge, this is the first record of C. rautensis from Iran (Asia). In addition, an epitype is designated here for C. rautensis.

International audience; Securigera varia (Fabaceae) is a common herbaceous perennial plant widely growing in Europe and Asia and purposely established for erosion control, roadside planting, and soil rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to determine the radical scavenging activity of a crude methanol extract of S. varia aerial parts by using the free radical DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and to rapidly identify the compounds involved in this activity. The crude extract was initially separated in five fractions on Diaion HP20 resin and the most active part was fractionated by Centrifugal Partition Extraction (CPE). Known compounds were directly identified by a 13C-NMR-based dereplication method. Semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography purification experiments were further performed to identify unknown or minor active compounds. As a result, one new (13) and twelve known flavonoid glycosides together with three nitropropanoylglucopyranoses were isolated, including astragalin (1), kaempferol-3-O-(6-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), kaempferol-3,4′-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), trifolin (4), isoquercitrin (5), hyperoside (6), isovitexin (7), isoorientin (8), isovitexin 4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (10), luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (11), apigenin 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (12), apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (13), 6-O-(3-nitropropanoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (14), coronillin (16) and coronarian (15). 120 mg of the most active compound isoorientin against the free radical DPPH was recovered by CPE with an HPLC purity of 99%

Invasive plants may have negative, positive, or neutral effects on the reproductive success of native plant species. In this study, I investigated the impact of the rhizomatous invasive species Securigera varia (Fabaceae; crown vetch; synonym: Coronilla varia) on the reproductive success of the native prairie species Tradescantia ohiensis (Commelinaceae; Ohio spiderwort). In particular, I examined how T. ohiensis plant height, fruit set, seed set, and stigma pollen load differed inside or at the edge of crown vetch patches and within native prairie not invaded by crown vetch. A significant reduction in reproductive success and pollen deposition was detected among T. ohiensis plants in the interior of a crown vetch patch compared to those at the edge of a crown vetch patch. These, in turn, had lower reproductive success and pollen deposition than plants in the native prairie areas. Also, T. ohiensis plants were taller inside crown vetch patches. The results of this study suggest that rhizomatous ...

The H(2) is an obligate by-product of N-fixation. Recycling of H(2) through uptake hydrogenase (Hup) inside the root nodules of leguminous plants is often considered an advantage for plants. However, many of the rhizobium-legume symbioses found in nature, especially those used in agriculture are shown to be Hup(-), with the plants releasing H(2) produced by nitrogenase activity from root nodules into the surrounding rhizosphere. Recent studies have suggested that, H(2) induces plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria, which may explain the widespread of Hup(-) symbioses in spite of the low energy efficiency of such associations. Wild legumes grown in Nova Scotia, Canada, were surveyed to determine if any plant-growth characteristics could give an indication of Hup choice in leguminous plants. Out of the plants sampled, two legumes, Securigera varia and Vicia cracca, showed Hup(+) associations. Securigera varia exhibited robust root structure as compared with the other plants surveyed. Data from the literature and the results from this study suggested that plants with established root systems are more likely to form the energy-efficient Hup(+) symbiotic relationships with rhizobia. Conversely, Hup(-) associations could be beneficial to leguminous plants due to H(2)-oxidizing plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria that allow plants to compete successfully, early in the growing season. However, some nodules from V. cracca tested Hup(+), while others were Hup(-). This was similar to that observed in Glycine max and Pisum sativum, giving reason to believe that Hup choice might be affected by various internal and environmental factors.

The aim of this study was to provide an overview of field measured root systems of common legume species growing under different environmental conditions in the Czech Republic. The plants, 214 individuals of 21 selected legume species from the tribes Galegeae (Astragalus glycyphyllos, Lupinus polyphyllus), Genisteae (Cytisus scoparius, Genista tinctoria), Loteae (Anthyllis vulneraria, Lotus corniculatus, Securigera varia), Trifolieae (Trifolium arvense, T. campestre, T. medium, T. pratense, T. repens) and Vicieae (Lathyrus pratensis, L. sylvestris, Vicia angustifolia, V. cracca, V. hirsuta), were collected using the monolith method from 27 sites.

Two naturalized species, Euphorbia dentata Michx. and Securigera varia (L.) Lassen were newly reported from Korea. Euphorbia dentata, "Top-Ni-Dae-Geuk", was found from Jungbu Highway, Daechang-ri, Daechang-myeon, Yeongcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do. It is distinguished from E. pulcherrima by its life form, which is herbaceous, and its upper leaves, which are uniformly green. Securigera varia, "Wang-Gwan-Gal-Kwi-Na-Mul", was found from Hangang, Yeouido, Seoul. The genus Securigera is unrecorded in Korea and distinguished from genus Hedysarum by rose-colored flowers, a peduncle 5-10 cm and by having dense umbels at the tips of the peduncles.

Coronilla varia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 743. 1753. "Habitat in Lusatia, Bohemia, Dania, Gallia." RCN: 5471. Lectotype (Lassen in Turland & Jarvis in Taxon 46: 467. 1997): Herb. Linn. No. 917.12 (LINN). Current name: Securigera varia (L.) Lassen (Fabaceae: Faboideae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part C), pp. 370-473 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 449, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Enthält 6 Bilder der Bunten Kronwicke.

The within-plant distribution of the coumarin compounds was investigated in Coronilla (C. vaginalis Lam., C. scorpioides (L.) Koch, C. viminalis Salisb.) and Securigera (S. varia (L.) Lassen) species with regard to improving the extraction procedure allowing better furocoumarin recovery. The hydroxycoumarins umbelliferone, scopoletin, and daphnoretin, the dihydrofurocoumarin marmesin, and the furocoumarin psoralen were detected. The hydroxycoumarins umbelliferone, scopoletin, and daphnoretin were found in all investigated species although they were not present in all the different plant organs. The dihydrofurocoumarin marmesin, never previously detected in vivo in the genus Coronilla, occurs, only in the bound form, in leaves and roots of both C. scorpioides and C. vaginalis. Also in these two species the furocoumarin psoralen was detected in all the plant parts in both free and bound forms. On the contrary, the biosynthetic pathway of furocoumarin is not operative in C. viminalis and in S. varia. The pre...

A previously developed method [1] can in several minutes without additional workup determine unacylated anthocyans in extracts of flower petals or fruit. We present results of an investigation of anthocyans from several plants collected in 20022003 in Belgorod district: Securigera varia (L.) Lassen, Nonea pulla (L.), Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt., Vitis vinifera L. (Isabelle variety), and Cosmos bipinnatus Cav..