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The Bodleian Library hosts one of the most important collections of Arabic manuscripts in Europe but most of them are unpublished or remain widely understudied. This article discusses the Arabic illuminated manuscripts produced in 14th- and 15th-century Egypt and Bilād al-Shām identified in this institution and aims to highlight their production context and material characteristics. The study of these manuscripts also gives an insight into the main phases and codicological features of the arts of the book during the Mamluk period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) trainees are college students who complete military courses and participate in physical and tactical training under the direction of military Service Members assigned to ROTC programs to serve as faculty and staff at US colleges. ROTC trainees report musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) attributable to ROTC training in line with MSKI incidence in other training environments. However, concealment is prevalent, as 66% of MSKIs in ROTC go unreported. The current study investigated if a brief, online educational video could increase ROTC trainees' reporting intentions. In addition, we investigated if the message's source (i.e. peer or authority figure) affected reporting intentions. Materials and Methods A repeated measures design was used to evaluate the impact of 2 MSKI educational interventions, one delivered by a high-achieving Army ROTC trainee (peer-led) and the other delivered by an Army ROTC battalion commander (authority-led), on MSKI reporting intentions, as compared to each other and a control intervention. Other than their personal introductions, both individuals had the same script addressing 4 areas: (1) MSKI prevalence in ROTC, (2) evidence of improved outcomes with early treatment, (3) encouraging injury reporting, and (4) addressing specific barriers and stigma beliefs previously identified in ROTC. The control condition consisted of a video demonstrating exercise technique with voiceover. A survey was developed to measure stigma regarding MSKI reporting and intentions to seek help for MSKI. ROTC trainees at 23 universities were invited to participate via an anonymous survey link. Participants completed the following using an online survey platform: (1) pre-intervention MSKI intentions scale, (2) randomly assigned intervention video, and (3) repeat MSKI intentions scale post-intervention. A two-way mixed, ANOVA was performed to assess interaction effects and main effects pre- and post-intervention. Results One-hundred ROTC trainees (39% female; age = 21 ± 2 years, ROTC experience = 2 ± 1 years) completed the study. Participants were primarily from Army ROTC programs (72 Army, 14 Air Force, and 14 Naval). Pre-intervention survey scores (possible score range 8–56 with lower scores indicating greater intention to seek help): authority-led (n  = 31) 20.3 ± 9.4, peer-led (n  = 32) 21.8 ± 8.7, control (n  = 37) 19.1 ± 10.1, total 20.3 ± 9.4. Post-intervention scores: authority-led 20.9 ± 11.2, peer-led 20.2 ± 10.0, control 17.3 ± 7.7, total 19.7 ± 9.3. There was no significant group*time interaction (F2,97 = 0.92, P  = .403, η2partial = 0.02). There were no significant main effects for time (F1,97 = 1.461, P  = .230, η2partial =0.015) or group (F2,97 = 1.08, P  = .342, η2partial = 0.02). Conclusions Findings did not support the use of a single educational intervention video to influence MSKI help-seeking intentions of ROTC trainees. Intentions may already be ingrained such that a single intervention could not influence change. Previous research on concussion reporting indicates that concealment cultures may be systematic and indoctrination of concealment can influence one's reporting intentions. Our sample had already participated in ROTC for 2 years. Future research should evaluate if MSKI help-seeking intentions change over the course of ROTC participation, or even over a military career. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Today, several bioinformatics tools are available for analyzing restriction fragment length data. RFLP-kenzy is a new bioinformatic tool for identifying restriction key enzyme that cut at least 1 sequence and a maximum of n-1 sequence. Results: This bioinformatic tool helps researchers to select appropriate enzymes that yield different RFLP patterns, especially from overly identical sequences with single nucleotide mutation or other small variations. By using RFLP-kenzy, multiple DNA sequences could be analyzed simultaneously and the key enzymes list is provided. The present paper also demonstrates the ability of RFLP-kenzy to identify the key enzymes through the analysis of 16S rRNA sequences and the complete genome of various genera of microorganisms. Conclusion: From the results, several key enzymes were provided indicating the importance of this new tool in the selection of appropriate restriction enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As radiotherapy techniques advance, so do planning methods for multi‐target intracranial SRS cases. Multi‐target‐single‐isocenter (MTSI) planning offers high‐precision beam delivery with shortened duration. However, accommodating all targets in a single Patient‐Specific‐Quality‐Assurance (PSQA) with QA devices like SRS MapCHECK (SRS MC) is generally impractical. Purpose: Consequently, we conducted PSQA, using a custom script, by relocating each Target or Neighboring‐Target‐Group (T‐NTG) relative to the beam isocenter on the PSQA device, ensuring each target's dose coverage at high precision. Methods: SRS treatment plans use 6MV–FFF beams, consisting of four Volumetric Modulated ARC Therapy (VMAT) arcs, including one full‐arc and three half arcs with couch‐kicks. A custom script calculated T‐NTG coordinates relative to the beam isocenter. QA verification plans were created for each T‐NTG, redefining the beam isocenter for precise alignment with the center of the SRS MC. CBCT images were acquired during PSQA for SRS MC alignment, and gamma‐index analysis (GIA) was performed. A single‐tail paired t‐test assessed the passing rate (PR) for 75 QA verification plans. Results: GIA with l.0 mm/2.0% criteria for each QA plan yielded a PR > 95.5%, with an average of 98.9%. Plans achieving PR > 99.0% and > 97.0% constituted 63% and 92% of studied plans, respectively. Statistical significance was observed in a t‐test with an ideal PR value of 100%, while insignificance was found with a PR value of 99%, suggesting that PSQA for individual targets consistently approaches 99% PR. In MTSI cases using 6MV‐FFF beams, targets within the lateral dose‐fall‐off region require careful verification for acceptability. Our clinical study on individual T‐NTG relocation demonstrates that the presented PSQA methods are generally acceptable, supported by a statistically insignificant PR against a 99% PR value. Conclusions: Presented statistical analysis results indicate that the proposed PSQA approach can serve as a reliable tool in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Developing the clinical reasoning skills necessary to becoming an astute diagnostician is essential for medical students. While some medical schools offer longitudinal opportunities for students to practice clinical reasoning during the preclinical curriculum, there remains a paucity of literature fully describing what that curriculum looks like. As a result, medical educators struggle to know what an effective clinical reasoning curriculum should look like, how it should be delivered, how it should be assessed, or what faculty development is necessary to be successful. We present our Introduction to Clinical Reasoning course that is offered throughout the preclinical curriculum of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. The course introduces clinical reasoning through interactive lectures and 28 case-based small group activities over 15 months. The curriculum is grounded in script theory with a focus on diagnostic reasoning. Specific emphasis is placed on building the student's semantic competence, constructing problem lists, comparing and contrasting similar diagnoses, constructing a summary statement, and formulating a prioritized differential diagnosis the student can defend. Several complementary methods of assessment are utilized across the curriculum. These include assessments of participation, knowledge, and application. The course leverages clinical faculty, graduate medical education trainees, and senior medical students as small group facilitators. Feedback from students and faculty consistently identifies the course as a highly effective and engaging way to teach clinical reasoning. Conclusion Our Introduction to Clinical Reasoning course offers students repeated exposure to well-selected cases to promote their development of clinical reasoning. The course is an example of how clinical reasoning can be taught across the preclinical curriculum without extensive faculty training in medical education or clinical reasoning theory. The course can be adapted into different instructional formats to cover a variety of topics to provide the early learner with sequential exposure and practice in diagnostic reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Practicum periods are an essential part of early childhood education and care (ECEC) teacher training. To support a student's learning, they need supervision by an expert ECEC teacher to process and analyse information, and supervisory discussions are key forums for that. The aim of this study is to examine the cultural scripts that are identifiable through discourse analysis of supervisory discussions between an ECEC student teacher and a supervising ECEC teacher. In the analysis we focused on the practical cultural script, phases of the supervisory discussions and the structure of the supervisory relationship. The data comprised recorded supervisory discussions. Three discursive phases can be identified in supervisory discussions: (1) the Launching phase, (2) the Reflective phase and (3) the Closing phase. The supervising ECEC teacher is responsible for conducting the discussion and for extending the topics of supervisory discussion. The results of our study show that practices in the ECEC centre dominate supervisory discussions and the role of educational theory remains at the margins. The results further highlight the need to develop collaboration between universities and ECEC centres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kultur Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This study aims to illustrate how a script‐based automated tool can efficiently verify documentation for LDR prostate brachytherapy. Methods and Materials: An in‐house Python‐scripts‐based tool was developed to automatically verify the specific checklists, aligned with our institutional practice guidelines for prostate seed implants (PSI). The scripts, compatible with our radiation oncology information system, could be executed with an optional web‐based middleware to access and evaluate Aria documents. Optimized based on data from the previous 400 patients, the automated tool was applied to a random cohort of 50 LDR patients. It evaluated the adequacy of specific EMR documents by performing checks for data completeness, consistency, and allowable value range. We analyzed the efficiency of using this tool against conventional manual checks in two LDR processes: seed ordering and monthly audits for our PSI programs. Results: The automated tool effectively performed chart checks on the involved PSI documents. Human errors, such as typos and inconsistent information, were identified in 7 out of 50 patients during the seed ordering process and in 2 out of 50 patients during the monthly audit. Meanwhile, this automation reduced the majority of manual chart‐checking time by an average of 5 and 10 min per patient for these processes, respectively. The anticipated efficiency gains will continue to accrue as more check items are digitalized and assessable to the scripts. Conclusions: The implementation of an automated tool tailored for LDR prostate brachytherapy has demonstrated its efficiency benefits. Such an approach can help other clinics substantially enhance routine chart checks, periodic audits, and other applications in similar clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Today, several bioinformatics tools are available for analyzing restriction fragment length data. RFLP-kenzy is a new bioinformatic tool for identifying restriction key enzyme that cut at least 1 sequence and a maximum of n-1 sequence. Results This bioinformatic tool helps researchers to select appropriate enzymes that yield different RFLP patterns, especially from overly identical sequences with single nucleotide mutation or other small variations. By using RFLP-kenzy, multiple DNA sequences could be analyzed simultaneously and the key enzymes list is provided. The present paper also demonstrates the ability of RFLP-kenzy to identify the key enzymes through the analysis of 16S rRNA sequences and the complete genome of various genera of microorganisms. Conclusion From the results, several key enzymes were provided indicating the importance of this new tool in the selection of appropriate restriction enzymes.

Abstract Background In Norway, as in other countries, national eHealth systems, such as the Summary Care Record (SCR), have been implemented to improve the collaboration around patients by sharing patient information between health professionals across healthcare institutions and administrative levels. Although widely implemented across the health and care services in Norway, evaluations of the SCR indicate less use than expected. There is a need for analysis that lays out the visions and expectations of the SCR and contrasts these with detailed observations of use in everyday health professional work. This study adds to the eHealth research field by exploring this reality. Method This paper has a qualitative design with an ethnographic approach, including participant observation, qualitative interviews, and a document review. Qualitative individual interviews with 22 health professionals and six weeks of participant observation were conducted, and eight documents were reviewed. The field notes and the interview-transcriptions were analyzed following a stepwise-deductive induction analysis. Results The document review identified the expectations and visions of the SCR, including an underlying assumption of trust in shared patient information. However, this assumption is implicit and not recognized as a crucial element for success in the documents. In our observation and interview data, we found that health professionals do not necessarily trust information in the SCR. In fact, several procedures and routines to assess the trustworthiness of SCR information were identified that complicate and disturb the expected use. In our analysis, two main themes characterize the health professionals' handling of the SCR: adapting to workflow and dealing with uncertainty. Conclusion Our study illustrates that unconditional trust in shared patient information is an implicit assumption in SCR policy documents, but in their everyday work health professionals do not necessarily unconditionally trust shared patient information. Rather, sharing patient information through technology, such as the SCR, requires of health professionals to critically assess the digital information. The information in the SCR, as all sources of information presented to health professionals, becomes an item for their constant trust-work. Our study is of value to policymakers, health information systems developers, and the field of practice both nationally and internationally.

This research examines the process of preparing the Bincang Sore program script on Radio Solopos 104 FM, one of the most popular radio stations in Solo. This research uses broadcast strategy theory with qualitative research methods and participatory observation as primary data collection techniques. This research shows that broadcast scripts are a broadcast strategy that goes through three stages. First, pre-production, which includes efforts to understand the purpose of writing the script and the characteristics of the audience, researching to find ideas for script material followed by collecting related information, determining the structure of the script according to the duration of the program, as well as selecting style and language based on audience characteristics. Second, the production stage includes preparing an interesting opening speech, arranging the material by referring to everyday language, short, simple, and not long-winded, and choosing words that are easy to hear and understand by listeners and easy for the announcer to pronounce. During production, editing and revisions are also done if parts need to be corrected. Third, the post-production stage evaluates the Bincang Sore program broadcast script, rarely done at Solopos Radio.

A meme as a cultural and semiotic phenomenon has been actively studied within the framework of humor research; however, the question why memes may not elicit a humorous response remains unanswered. This article examines the causes of typical cognitive errors in the perception of humor in the so-called morphed units (memes, image macros, photoshopped images and virals) characterized by a combination of signals of one or different modalities and potentially capable of eliciting a humorous response in the meme consumer. The goal of the study is to describe and classify such errors on the example of a morphed unit from the sad keanu meme cycle. The conducted survey yielded empirical data permitting further qualitative analysis of the respondents' answers regarding the perception of the proposed meme. The obtained results show that in an ideal situation a stimulus image should metonymically activate script structures essential for the understanding of a morphed unit; a script may include allusive experiences which correlate with previously appropriated culture-specific situations. The paper defines meme interpretation errors as related either to the process of perceiving a stimulus at the level of the i consume memes metascript or а cognitive failure occurring during the activation of the scripts constituting the humorous opposition if only the relevant scripts are conceptualized and internalized by the individual. Any type of interpretation failure may be attributed to partial or zero cultural literacy in the meme consumer. A failed humorous response in the situations of sufficient cultural literacy of the subject may be explained by social and pragmatic factors, such as the consumer’s norms and values which may differ from those of the meme originator. The study claims that the main source of cognitive errors lies in the inability of a meme consumer to activate the scripts (or their parts) relevant to the understanding of humor. This methodology can be applied for any multimodal humour research.

Background: In Norway, as in other countries, national eHealth systems, such as the Summary Care Record (SCR), have been implemented to improve the collaboration around patients by sharing patient information between health professionals across healthcare institutions and administrative levels. Although widely implemented across the health and care services in Norway, evaluations of the SCR indicate less use than expected. There is a need for analysis that lays out the visions and expectations of the SCR and contrasts these with detailed observations of use in everyday health professional work. This study adds to the eHealth research field by exploring this reality. Method: This paper has a qualitative design with an ethnographic approach, including participant observation, qualitative interviews, and a document review. Qualitative individual interviews with 22 health professionals and six weeks of participant observation were conducted, and eight documents were reviewed. The field notes and the interview-transcriptions were analyzed following a stepwise-deductive induction analysis. Results: The document review identified the expectations and visions of the SCR, including an underlying assumption of trust in shared patient information. However, this assumption is implicit and not recognized as a crucial element for success in the documents. In our observation and interview data, we found that health professionals do not necessarily trust information in the SCR. In fact, several procedures and routines to assess the trustworthiness of SCR information were identified that complicate and disturb the expected use. In our analysis, two main themes characterize the health professionals' handling of the SCR: adapting to workflow and dealing with uncertainty. Conclusion: Our study illustrates that unconditional trust in shared patient information is an implicit assumption in SCR policy documents, but in their everyday work health professionals do not necessarily unconditionally trust shared patient information. Rather, sharing patient information through technology, such as the SCR, requires of health professionals to critically assess the digital information. The information in the SCR, as all sources of information presented to health professionals, becomes an item for their constant trust-work. Our study is of value to policymakers, health information systems developers, and the field of practice both nationally and internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When Sindhi Hindus came to India after the 1947 Partition, they had little to help them survive as a community. Given the linguistic organization of states in independent India, the community has been striving to forge an identity comparable to other communities that have a state/territory they can flourish in. First, Sindhis struggled to gain recognition for their language as an official language listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India. Second, they demanded that entertainment content be broadcast in Sindhi in official national media spaces. The case of Sindhi stands as a fascinating case study at the intersection of ideas such as nationalism, citizenship, and minority identity. The case of Sindhi is also a narrative of self-transformation, one of which is its struggle for survival that has also led to the revival of the question of its script. In the 1960s, a faction among the Sindhi intelligentsia proposed that in order to stay relevant and alive in India, it must adopt the Devanagari script and give up its Perso-Arabic script associated with the language since the nineteenth century. In this essay, I revisit this debate to uncover postcolonial grammatology as an approach to deal with South Asian sites of language and writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informal social networks and especially advice networks are a key subject of organizational sociological research. The formation of these networks has so far been explained on the basis of universal tie-formation mechanisms. However, recent conceptual contributions suggest that tie formation practices follow cultural rules that may vary across social contexts. In our paper, we substantiate this argument empirically. Based on rich qualitative data, we compare advice tie formation (a) between two entrepreneurial communities and (b) between three research and development departments of large enterprises. We show that both impact and configuration of tie formation mechanisms systematically differ between comparable contexts. Building on our findings, we finally formulate propositions describing which advice network structures can be expected in specific cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Madurai Nayaks (1559-1736 CE) significantly contributed to Vaishnava temple architecture in South India. Inscriptions on these temples provide valuable insights into their history, architecture, and cultural significance. This study examines the inscriptions on Vaishnava temples built or renovated during the Madurai Nayaks period, focusing on Alagar Kovil, Koodal Alagar Kovil, Thirumohur Kalamega Perumal Kovil, and Thiruparankunram Murugan Kovil. The inscriptions, written in Tamil and Sanskrit using Grantha and Tamil scripts, reveal details on temple construction, renovations, and patronage by Nayak rulers, including Viswanatha Nayak, Krishnappa Nayak, and Tirumala Nayak. The study analyzes the epigraphic evidence to understand the architectural styles, layout, and design of Vaishnava temples during this period. The inscriptions demonstrate the blending of Dravidian and Vijayanagara architectural styles, characterized by intricate carvings, gopurams, and mandapams. The research also explores the cultural and religious practices of the time, highlighting the importance of Vaishnava worship and the role of temples as cultural and social hubs. This research contributes to the understanding of Vaishnava temple architecture, epigraphy, and cultural practices during the Madurai Nayaks period, providing valuable insights for historians, architects, and art historians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Script memory is stored information about a sequential structure of an activity (e.g., going shopping), including what actors do, the purpose of the activity, and the likely consequences of the actor's actions. It has been reported that script memory is impaired among schizophrenia patients. The present research investigated the relationship between schizotypal personality tendencies (schizotypy) and script memory by testing Japanese individuals. Method: First, a new test to measure the intactness of the script memory was created by asking the public to report activities they often perform and what behaviors each activity contains. The test contains 15 everyday activities, each accompanied by 15 behavior choices, either strongly associated, completely unrelated, or weakly associated with the activity. Next, undergraduate participants were presented with the test and chose appropriate behaviors for each activity (Study 1 and 2). Their extent of schizotypy was measured using Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief (SPQ-B). Study 3 targeted the public of various ages. In addition to Study 2 procedure, participants reported the extent of psychological burden for performing each activity, their life satisfaction, and subjective evaluation of their memory ability. Results: All studies consistently found that the script memory performance was worse for individuals with higher schizotypy. Signal detection indices for accurate discrimination between correct and incorrect choices, which were A' in Study 1 and C in Study 2 and 3, negatively correlated with the SPQ-B scores (r = -0.16, -0.11, -0.17, respectively). Study 3 found that the relationship between schizotypy and memory task performance was mediated by the extent of psychological burden. When a signal detection index (d') for the memory task was regressed on the SPQ-B, while the psychological burden scores being a mediator, the mediation effect was significant (B = 0.003, SE = 0.001, 95% CI [0.001, 0.005]). Conclusion: Individuals with higher schizotypy seem to associate unrelated behaviors to an event, forming script memory with irrelevant information, maybe due to the schizotypy symptom of having peculiar thoughts. The newly created test must be validated using a clinical population to expand its potential to be used in clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of rock art in the deep areas of caves was one of the most unique symbolic activities of Magdalenian societies in southwestern Europe between 13.5 and 21 thousand years ago. Previous research has suggested that these works of art were not placed in caves at random but rather their location corresponds to a pre-established structure. However, despite the suggestive idea of pre-planning the decoration of the endokarst, it is challenging to demonstrate the relationship between different works and between them and their immediate spatial context due to the lack of common objective criteria. In this study, we have examined the iconographic and spatial characteristics of 500 Magdalenian graphic units in nine caves in the Cantabrian and Pyrenees mountain ranges (southwestern Europe) to identify patterns of graphic construction based on their cave location. We designed a workflow that includes geomorphological analysis for a virtual reconstruction of the state of the caves during the Magdalenian, analysis of graphic units (GU) through geographic information systems (GIS) using a Python script, and multivariate statistical study of the spatial and iconographic parameters of these figures. This has allowed us to identify different groups of figures: some were specifically created to be seen, using various techniques and selecting locations with good visibility, accessibility, or capacity to accommodate people, while others sought the opposite. There is also a correlation between the techniques used and their location in caves, perhaps aiming for resource economization. These data support the existence of different uses for the deep sectors of caves during the Magdalenian period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to map out the various meanings of security entailed by the different uses and misuses of registration in Italy. As will emerge from this analysis, population registers have been employed either as tools for observing the population and its dynamics or, on the contrary, as devices for identifying its "deserving" members. By drawing this map, this article contributes to the analysis of the "technical shaping of social outcomes" that is at the center of the special issue on the continuum between contingency and obduracy in sociotechnical practices of securitization. Theoretically, population registers are framed in the article as socio-technical and socio-legal devices which embed scripts. As will emerge, they have been historically sub-scribed, de-scribed, or de-inscribed by their users. Methodologically, this analysis relies on a research path focused on registration as a bordering device which has been conducted over the last ten years through several methodological approaches and on a research/action experience which was launched in 2020. Through the author's participation in a group of political activists, nongovernmental organization members, lawyers, and scholars who are committed to combatting discriminations, original ethnographic, documentary, and discursive data have been collected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article empirically maps and compares types of knowledge produced about people on the move by the European border security apparatus. Exploring two complementary analytical moments, the article addresses the stabilization of power and contingent practices within such apparatuses. We argue, first, that analyzing classification schemas implemented in data systems used within the European apparatus can reveal assumptions and limitations about people on the move—what we call "scripts of alterity." Second, the comparative mapping of scripts of alterity reveals a de facto division of labor between scales of governance that would otherwise be invisible in policy. Utilizing the new Ontology Explorer software method as well as discursive analysis, we identify four scripts of alterity, which materialize relations in data systems and are thus relatively stabilized. Third, we identify as "de-inscriptions" forms of resistance specific to scripts of alterity. These can still be contested and we account for three contingent practices of de-inscription from scripts of alterity by conducting ethnographic observation of data systems' use. Finally, we summarize three contributions that the "scripts of alterity" concept makes to the science and technology studies and to the critical security studies literature on the securitization of cross-border mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World is the property of bilig: Journal of Social Sciences of the Turkish World and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Magazine General Union of Arab Archaeologists is the property of General Union of Arab Archaeologists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkic Studies Journal is the property of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Is She Mad, or Does She Joke is an ensemble performance piece I scripted based on my almost twenty-year fascination with the Countess de Castiglione and her photograph Scherzo di Follia. I directed the show with a cast of 10 student performers at Augusta University in the fall of 2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital communication has generated forms of written speech that may deviate from standard ones, such as Greeklish (a Latin-alphabet-based script) vs. Greek. The question of interest is how different orthographic representations of the same referent (e.g. petaloyda, “butterfly”, in Greeklish vs. πϵταλούδα “butterfly” in Greek) may influence word processing, particularly visual word recognition and access to affective connotations. 120 Greek native speakers were tested on a lexical decision task, in which script (Greeklish vs. Greek) and valence (positive vs. negative vs. neutral) were manipulated within participants. Words were matched for word class, frequency, concreteness, length, number of syllables and orthographic neighbourhood. Emotional words differed from neutral ones in valence and arousal. Results yielded faster response times for words written in the standard script (Greek) than the non-standard script (Greeklish). Moreover, regardless of script, response times were negatively correlated with the words’ valence, with slowest responses for negative words and fastest for positive ones, suggesting that positive content accelerates lexical access, whereas negative content slows it down. To sum up, although script type was found to affect word recognition, activation of and access to emotional content seemed to resist non-standard characteristics of visual word processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studii de Ştiintă şi Cultură is the property of Studii de Stiinta si Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Modi [moːɖiː] being ancient script that is not on the list of recognized official scripts for Indian languages; relatively little research has been done to identify handwritten characters in Modi compared to other Indian scripts. Character recognition in Modi script can be difficult because of the cursive, continuous, unconstrained, and numerous strikingly similar shapes of the characters. Other difficulties in the Modi character identification process are segmentation, noise and degradation, the presence of various skews, variations in illumination, uneven alignment, slanting lines, overlapping lines, and contacting lines. Word segmentation or recognition is ineffective for Modi script documents because they do not have any word or sentence ending symbols like other scripts. Another problem is the unavailability of a dataset covering most of the syllables required to automate transcription of Modi documents. The previous work reported on automatic Modi character recognition is on Modi characters dataset, i.e. vowels, consonants and numerals. The dataset used for recognition of characters is handwritten characters. This work did not include consonants with vowel diacritic and conjunct consonants. In 2020 the Word Transcription of Modi script to Devanagari was reported, which considered only 57 character classes in Modi. However, 57 classes are too few to capture the script's characters. We require a dataset that includes vowels, consonants, each consonant with the vowel diacritics and conjunct consonants to cover a wide variety of syllables in Modi. This demands looking at different Modi document recognition approaches and making them available in widely known scripts such as the Devanagari script. This paper presents a model to recognize the Modi text from an input image and make its transcription available in the Devanagari script. In this work, we have also created a dataset that includes Modi vowels, consonants, numerals, consonants with vowel diacritic and conjunct consonants. The dataset created consists of text in Modi and its transcription in Devanagari. Our proposed model (ModiDev_LSTM_Model) for Modi documents transcription to the Devanagari using LSTM Neural Networks showed an encouraging character accuracy of 94.67%. Detailed analysis of substitution errors made by the ModiDev_LSTM_Model , showed that there are seven types of error, namely 'Anusuvar' (Bindu), 'Eekar', 'Ookar', 'Ardhacandra', 'Matra', 'Aa' and 'other'. Among these, the highest percentage of substitution error was shown by 'Anusuvar' , and the lowest was the 'Aa' error type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hieratic is the name given to Egypt's oldest cursive system of hieroglyphs, which was used primarily as handwriting and served as a multifunctional script for more than three millennia, until the third century CE. As early as 1820, Champollion recognized the connection between hieroglyphs and hieratic. Hieratic was written in ink on papyrus and ostraca, as well as on wooden tablets, linen, stone surfaces, etc. The characters could also be carved or chiseled into clay, wood, rock surfaces, or stone objects. Unlike hieroglyphs, hieratic was always written from right to left, and the signs evolved from separate elements in single columns to horizontal lines of complete text, with increasing use of ligatures and abbreviations, especially in administrative contexts. In addition, most manuscripts reveal personal idiosyncrasies of the scribes. From 750 BCE on, hieratic was partially replaced by the abnormal hieratic script and later by Demotic. However, it remained in use until Roman times, primarily for ritual, funerary, and scientific texts. Increasingly enhanced by digital methods, the study of hieratic is based on paleographic analysis and comparison, which aid our understanding of the texts and allow us to date a manuscript or identify an individual scribe. Writing practices, the social milieu of scribes, and the various scripts, text genres, and modes of transmission have become current research topics. In addition, the discovery, decipherment, adequate documentation, and interpretation of other testimonies to hieratic writing are of interest.

This article explores the use of metonymy in advertising discourse through a detailed analysis of slogans in appliance and electronics advertisements. The influence of metonymy on one’s worldview in the context of commercial advertising was studied based on its contribution to the construction of the images of the object (product or service), subject (seller or manufacturer), and addressee (consumer), as well as to the development of connections between these three elements. The value and relevance of the research lie in the fact that advertising broadcasts ideas about reality and has the potential to influence the consumer’s mindset and behavior. This supports the concept of advertising worldview. It is also important to perceive metonymy as a linguistic and cognitive tool, yet in advertising discourse it is often viewed as a trope. The dynamics of the advertising situation can be defined as follows: the manufacturer/seller offers a solution to the consumer’s problems and promises them joy in the final result, with the product or service acting as a tool to achieve the desired outcome. A number of examples were provided to show that the knowledge about the components of the advertising situation is arranged in the categories of different conceptual structures which determine the type of metonymic transfer. In appliance advertisements, the most frequent metonymic models were found to be as follows: the product’s quality–the product, the result of using the product–the tool employed to achieve the result, describing the situation through the nomination of the stage of turning on the device or achieving the result. It was concluded that metonymy emphasizes the most important characteristics of the product and its role in human life, not only as a problem-solving tool but also as a source of positive emotions and joy, as well as a symbol of a certain lifestyle. Therefore, the metonymic approach is effective in fitting the product into the everyday life of the consumer with respect to their system of values.

The aim of this study is to describe the possibilities and limitations of the corpus approach to the analysis of film subtitles, taking into account their technical, social, and culturalnational features. It offers a review of existing film content corpora accompanied by their critical interpretation, firstly from the perspective of subtitle quality as empirical data for linguistic research, and secondly from the perspective of corpus quality as an environment for quantitative analysis of empirical material. Furthermore, based on established subtitling practices, the author proposes her own viewpoint on subtitles as material for studying film speech, considering technical (line length, screen size adaptation), social (subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing), and cultural-national (subtitling countries vs dubbing countries) aspects of subtitling in different languages and countries. In the course of the work, it was found that the largest number of subtitles available in open repositories are translated equivalents of cinema speech. It is noted that subtitling is preferred in the USA, UK, India, China, and Japan. The features of subtitling in countries such as Serbia, Finland, and Russia are described. The author concludes that these features are important for the quality of linguistic research on the basis of translated movie speech represented by subtitles.

This study compared the efficacy of a novel group-based aggressive script rehearsal treatment program with an emotion regulation program. Participants were 48 incarcerated adult males (28 in the script rehearsal program and 20 in the emotion regulation program). Outcomes, including the frequency of aggressive script rehearsal, aggressive behavior, and emotion regulation difficulties, were measured pre-and post-treatment and at 46 days (on average) after treatment completion, and 104 days (on average) following treatment completion. Linear Mixed Model analyses revealed no significant difference in the frequency of script rehearsal overtime for either program. There was a significant reduction in aggressive behavior associated with the script rehearsal program and a reduction in emotion regulation difficulties for both programs. Future iterations of this aggressive script rehearsal treatment program may benefit from greater intensity and incorporation of strategies that address the many cognitive, affective, and situational factors that trigger and maintain aggressive scripts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most studies of sexting attempt to delineate its main characteristics, to define it and quantify its prominence and its effects. This article studies sexting within a specific ethnographic case. Based on an ethnographic case of a girl's nude picture being disseminated in a secondary school in the Netherlands, this paper argues that sexting is scripted through media and scientific reports, influencing the way it comes into being and is dealt with in practice. The script emphasizes the girls' responsibility in sending the picture, taking it to signal a lack of self-confidence, and emphasizes her guilt in its dissemination. On the other hand, it erases several elements, notably the different networks of friends that were tapped into by the actors, and the 'economy of pictures' that the picture was part of. Focusing extensively on the days immediately after the picture was spread, as well as on reflections on the event several months later, shows how the sexting script not only describes the phenomenon of sexting, but also prescribes how it is dealt with in practice, and, to a degree, how it produces sexting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to some ḥadīths, the art of writing Arabic in the pre-Islamic Hijaz was learned from the city of al-Ḥīra (the capital of the Lakhmid kingdom) in southern Iraq, whilst al-Ḥīra in turn learned writing from the city of al-Anbār in central Iraq. Based on a combined isnād - cum - matn analysis, form-critical analysis, and geographical analysis of these ḥadīths, the earliest iteration of this material can be dated back to the middle of the eighth century ce (i.e. the early second century ah) in Kufa, but no earlier. A further historical-critical analysis also exposes the broader cultural and ideological tendencies at play behind the creation and elaboration of this material, including salvation history, a 'great man' theory of history, and—above all—the creation and elaboration of an Iraq-focused Arabian folk history in eighth-century ce Iraq. This small set of reports thus exemplifies the rich potential of ḥadīth in general as both a tool and an object of historical analysis: by applying my combined approach to ḥadīth, we can trace the creation, transmission, and elaboration of the material; we can locate its geographical origins; and we can identify the broader context that ultimately produced it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychosomatics investigates complex connections between the psyche, the body (soma) and social influences. This approach assumes that psychological factors play a decisive role in the emergence and development of physical illnesses. The identification of script elements, such as deeply rooted beliefs and early conclusions, enables the clarification and treatment of connections between script and psychosomatic illnesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces an additional tool for AutoCAD to create and present slides with highly effective scripts, aiding in presentations, teaching, and learning related to technical graphics. A simple language has been developed for scripting. This language includes many powerful programming statements to leverage the drawing and viewing capabilities using AutoCAD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution takes the form of a transcript of a prayer/interview. A prayer is a speech act directed into a void, towards an absence (a hole, so to speak). It 'lays claim to an immediate connection with the Being whose absence fills the world' as Anne Carson writes in reference to the mystics Simone Weil and Marguerite Porete (2005: 177). The aspiration of a prayer, not unlike a spell or curse, is to directly affect something or someone in the real and physical world through an act of speech (Carson 2005: 177). The following text is developed in reference to the three existing books of the writings and teachings of the mystic St. Catherine of Siena. Parts of the text are fictionalized, reassembled and borrow direct and attributed quotes of these books. The script features characters called K, an amalgam of the researcher and the persons, figures and subjects I converse with in my research. K blurs the authorial voice by mingling it with others, in an attempt to flatten the authority of the narrating voice towards polyvocality. Combining the forms of prayer, interview, dialogue, written conversation and play serves to explore and apply different registers of writing that correspond with St. Catherine's chosen forms of communication and to (playfully with a nod to common academic methodologies) investigate the holeyness/brokenness of dialogical speaking voices, the wounded text and a textual approach towards the unsayable/unthinkable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the research is to explore the motive behind building this Mosque through its calligraphic inscriptions that either it was an act of reverence and bestowment or an endowment project, to serve public faith, by the royal patron. Epigraphic schemes of Mughal Mosques reflect the thought behind the construction of their Mosques, such is the case of Maryam Zamani Mosque of 1614 at Lahore built during the reign of Jahangir in the name of his mother Maryam Zamani. This Panchmukhī Masjid is profusely decorated with nonfigurative motifs in fresco among which calligraphic scripts Nast'alīq, Thuluth and Ṭughrā compositions have their own significance. Most of the scholarship related to Maryam Zamani Mosque is limited to descriptive information related to its locality and plan of the Mosque. The research deploys Feldman's art historical research method by qualitatively analyzing the collected data from on-site visits, photography, study of the inscriptions and related scholarly data. The novel aspect of studying its epigraphic scheme, comprised of Quranic and poetic inscriptions, to explore its construction as a bestowment Imperial project is of prodigious significance which will add valuable knowledge to the existing sparse information on Mughal calligraphy at Lahore. This research also conserves the faded vanishing epigraphy which can be used for restoring the calligraphic specimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is a diachronic investigation into how coverage of writing reform in The Japan Times used, manipulated, and discarded graphic language ideologies between 1897 and 1981. Through this novel data set and analytical focus, the study expands on extant understandings of Japanese debates over the script, utilizing a newspaper known for hosting voices and concerns absent in many other Japanese presses to evidence how ideologies about language use(rs) evolved in response to social concerns surrounding over a century of the reform debate. Ultimately, analysis of 469 articles shows that while The Japan Times generally advocated for romanization, the ideologies surrounding its coverage of script debate were not singular or static. Beliefs that scripts are 'progressive', 'barbaric', 'Japanese', and 'foreign' were used to both support and attack kanji, kana, and romanization, and the power of individual ideologies changed rapidly in response to fluctuating social conditions and power structures. As a result, we see that graphic ideologies about script were a highly flexible and important element of Japanese script discussions, with framings rapidly borrowed, reformed, and discarded by all sides of the debate to participate in changing dialogues on what made a writing style best for the future of Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Статья посвящена рассмотрению и описанию концепта «to be or not to be» в пьесе У. Шекспира «Гамлет, принц Датский». Это художественный концепт, выраженный сочетанием, устойчиво ассоциирующимся с конкретным произведением английской литературы XVII века. Концепт «to be or not to be» указывает на двойное и противоположное свойство одного и того же состояния – бытия/небытия. Ввиду того, что это противоречие является сутью трагедии принца Датского, Гамлета, этот концепт является центральным концептом драмы У. Шекспира. Кроме того, жанр драмы подразумевает динамику развития концепта от события к событию, то есть анализ концепта должен происходить в логике и динамике развития событий пьесы. Это обусловило применение к анализу концепта «to be or not to be» методики событийно-действенного анализа пьесы и композиционно-стилистического анализа текста монолога Гамлета. Тогда признаковой структурой концепта как символа двоемирия становится система, формируемая из ответов на вопросы: в каких событиях проявляется «двоемирие»? какими характеристиками обладает «двоемирие»? Ядром концепта является следующий смысл: это состояние сознания, которое осознает свою двойственность, одновременное существование в двух измерениях – «быть или не быть»; момент, в котором сознанием улавливается «квантовое» состояние мира, из которого лишь решением наблюдателя он становится другим: состояние жизни меняется на состояние смерти или наоборот. Концепт «to be or not to be» проанализирован в процессе познания текста, вписанного в литературно-философскую европейскую традицию XVII века, при помощи событийно-действенного анализа жанра трагедии, принятого в русском психологическом театре. В ядро концепта помещен чувствующий человек и его когнитивная деятельность сложной динамики.

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of scripted debriefing relative to no use of script during debriefing in resuscitation training. Methods: This scoping review was undertaken as part of the continuous evidence evaluation process of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) and based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) extension for scoping review. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS were searched from inception to January 2024. We included all published studies comparing scripted debriefing vs non-scripted debriefing evaluating patient outcomes, behaviour change of learners, learning outcomes for learners and cognitive load and teaching quality for instructors. Results: Our initial literature search identified 1238 citations. After removing 552 duplicates, reviewing the titles and abstracts of the remaining 686 articles yielded 11 for full-text review. Of these, six articles were selected for inclusion in the final analysis. The six studies described debriefing scripts varying in content, framework, scripted language and the integration of objective data. Scripted debriefing improved CPR performance, team leadership skills and knowledge acquisition, but showed no difference in teamwork performance compared to non-scripted debriefing. Scripted debriefing also improved debriefing quality and decreased cognitive load of the instructor during resuscitation training. Conclusion: The use of a debriefing script during resuscitation education can improve CPR performance, team leader performance, knowledge acquisition and reduce the debriefer’s cognitive load. Future research should explore how debriefing scripts can be designed to optimize learning outcomes.

أصل الكلمات العربية من اللغة المصرية القديمة [AR] يھدف المقال الحالي إلى إجراء دراسة تحلیلیة بناءً على البيانات التي تم جمعها في هذا البحث من اللغة العربية الفصحى، تم تفسير كلمات لغاتها لهذه الدراسة التي نشأت من أصل المصرية القديمة. وإلقاء نظرة عميقة على مختلف جوانب الحضارة المصرية القديمة والكثير من جوانب حياتنا المعاصرة يؤكد لنا أن هناك استمرارية بين الماضي والحاضر في الكثير من تقاليدنا التي ورثناها، وكذلك بعض المعتقدات الدينية. سيظهر الموروث من أسلافنا بشكل أوضح في لغتنا العربية، مثل أسماء بعض مدننا وقرانا، وبعض المفردات العربية الفصحى المستخدمة في الحياة اليومية. في سياق الاهتمام بإحياء هذا التراث اللغوي تعطي جميع الكلمات الحديثة المعاني المتشابهة وأيضا النطق المماثل مع الكلمات المصرية القديمة . يهدف المقال إلى التركيز على إحياء اللغة المصرية القديمة والتركيز على معرفة أصل الكلمات الحديثة من اللغة المصرية. وسيساعد هذا المقال الطلاب على تجاوز صعوبة تعلم الآلاف من الكلمات الهيروغليفية والمصرية القديمة، من خلال عمل مقارنة بسيطة مع المفردات الحديثة التي نستخدمها في الحياة اليومية. [EN] The ancient Egyptian language played an increasingly important role in archaeological studies. Much of the modern word chronology is closely connected with Egyptian chronology. Many modern words are recorded on Egyptian monuments and in ancient Egyptian documents. Arabic language, in particular, serves as a rich repository of this cultural legacy, with classical Arabic and modern names for cities and villages still used daily. As part of the effort to revive this linguistic heritage, I aim to explore the names and vocabularies that have their origins in the ancient Egyptian language and continue to be a part of our modern lexicon. The article can help students to exceed the difficulties of learning thousands of hieroglyphic and ancient Egyptian words by comparing them with our modern vocabulary in daily life. It will be recognized that there is a continuity of using the words from the beginning of the ancient Egyptian civilization.

This article offers a critical and in-depth analysis of the unmade and ultimately abandoned Jurassic Park IV. Written by script doctor and pioneering Indie director John Sayles (who had previously worked on the unmade sci fi horror Night Skies with Spielberg – a project which would many of the foundations for E.T. The Extra Terrestrial), the script would have taken the series in a very different direction. While it was never made, it did however, open the way for the Jurassic World franchise and this article will later offer a close reading and analysis of the script which was leaked online in the mid-2000s. This article will demonstrate how the script is part of the bedrock on which the Jurassic World franchise was built, but it will also examine the overlooked importance of the role of the Hollywood script doctor, and consider Spielberg’s waning attachment to the franchise. Finally, the article excavates a range of now defunct early internet forums and discussion boards in order show how the film emerged (or rather didn’t) at a time when the internet was proving itself as a new landscape for fans to speculate about cinema and for the leaking and drip feeding of information. It is through these sites that we can piece together a timeline for the unproduction of Jurassic Park IV.

This article proposes further development of a TA model that accounts for neurodiversity in a way that is not pathological, one that is in critical response to implicit ableism in TA theory and current standard diagnostic manuals. The authors propose that there is value in incorporating theories of a core organismic self alongside transactional analysis theory of ego structure in accounting for our unique qualities endowed since birth, including neurodiversity. They suggest that the sense of self is formed by two relational processes: the I-I relationship between structural ego states and the core self and the I-Other relationship between structural ego states and others. The authors propose that the accommodations made by a neurodivergent person generally lead to script decisions emerging from their sense of self, which are often categorized as lazy, stupid, and disruptive. The article offers some thinking about these script decisions' complementary functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To examine the feasibility of using allied health assistants to deliver patient falls prevention education within 48 h after hospital admission. Design and setting Feasibility study with hospital patients randomly allocated to usual care or usual care plus additional patient falls prevention education delivered by supervised allied health assistants using an evidence-based scripted conversation and educational pamphlet. Participants (i) allied health assistants and (ii) patients admitted to participating hospital wards over a 20-week period. Outcomes (i) feasibility of allied health assistant delivery of patient education; (ii) hospital falls per 1,000 bed days; (iii) injurious falls; (iv) number of falls requiring transfer to an acute medical facility. Results 541 patients participated (median age 81 years); 270 control group and 271 experimental group. Allied health assistants (n  = 12) delivered scripted education sessions to 254 patients in the experimental group, 97% within 24 h after admission. There were 32 falls in the control group and 22 in the experimental group. The falls rate was 8.07 falls per 1,000 bed days in the control group and 5.69 falls per 1,000 bed days for the experimental group (incidence rate ratio = 0.66 (95% CI 0.32, 1.36; P  = 0.26)). There were 2.02 injurious falls per 1,000 bed days for the control group and 1.03 for the experimental group. Nine falls (7 control, 2 experimental) required transfer to an acute facility. No adverse events were attributable to the experimental group intervention. Conclusions It is feasible and of benefit to supplement usual care with patient education delivered by allied health assistants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]