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Background: Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and publicly accessible language model tools such as ChatGPT‐3.5 continue to shape the landscape of modern medicine and patient education. ChatGPT's open access (OA), instant, human‐sounding interface capable of carrying discussion on myriad topics makes it a potentially useful resource for patients seeking medical advice. As it pertains to orthopedic surgery, ChatGPT may become a source to answer common preoperative questions regarding total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Since ChatGPT can utilize the peer‐reviewed literature to source its responses, this study seeks to characterize the validity of its responses to common TKA and THA questions and characterize the peer‐reviewed literature that it uses to formulate its responses. Methods: Preoperative TKA and THA questions were formulated by fellowship‐trained adult reconstruction surgeons based on common questions posed by patients in the clinical setting. Questions were inputted into ChatGPT with the initial request of using solely the peer‐reviewed literature to generate its responses. The validity of each response was rated on a Likert scale by the fellowship‐trained surgeons, and the sources utilized were characterized in terms of accuracy of comparison to existing publications, publication date, study design, level of evidence, journal of publication, journal impact factor based on the clarivate analytics factor tool, journal OA status, and whether the journal is based in the United States. Results: A total of 109 sources were cited by ChatGPT in its answers to 17 questions regarding TKA procedures and 16 THA procedures. Thirty‐nine sources (36%) were deemed accurate or able to be directly traced to an existing publication. Of these, seven (18%) were identified as duplicates, yielding a total of 32 unique sources that were identified as accurate and further characterized. The most common characteristics of these sources included dates of publication between 2011 and 2015 (10), publication in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (13), journal impact factors between 5.1 and 10.0 (17), internationally based journals (17), and journals that are not OA (28). The most common study designs were retrospective cohort studies and case series (seven each). The level of evidence was broadly distributed between Levels I, III, and IV (seven each). The averages for the Likert scales for medical accuracy and completeness were 4.4/6 and 1.92/3, respectively. Conclusions: Investigation into ChatGPT's response quality and use of peer‐reviewed sources when prompted with archetypal pre‐TKA and pre‐THA questions found ChatGPT to provide mostly reliable responses based on fellowship‐trained orthopedic surgeon review of 4.4/6 for accuracy and 1.92/3 for completeness despite a 64.22% rate of citing inaccurate references. This study suggests that until ChatGPT is proven to be a reliable source of valid information and references, patients must exercise extreme caution in directing their pre‐TKA and THA questions to this medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fifty-one percent of humans are born with ovaries. As the ovarian production of estrogen diminishes in midlife and ultimately stops, it is estimated that more than 47 million women worldwide enter the menopause transition annually. More than 70% will experience musculoskeletal symptoms and 25% will be disabled by them through the transition from perimenopause to postmenopause. This often-unrecognized collective of musculoskeletal symptoms, largely influenced by estrogen flux, includes arthralgia, loss of muscle mass, loss of bone density and progression of osteoarthritis, among others. In isolation, it can be difficult for clinicians and patients to adequately appreciate the substantial role of decreasing estrogen, anticipate the onset of related symptoms and actively treat to mitigate future detrimental processes. Thus, in this review we introduce a new term, the musculoskeletal syndrome of menopause, to describe the collective musculoskeletal signs and symptoms associated with the loss of estrogen. Given the significant effects of these processes on quality of life and the associated personal and financial costs, it is important for clinicians and the women they care for to be aware of this terminology and the constellation of musculoskeletal processes for which proper risk assessment and prophylactic management are of consequence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As both the proportion of older people and the length of life increases globally, a rise in age-related degenerative diseases, disability, and prolonged dependency is projected. However, more sophisticated biomedical materials, as well as an improved understanding of human disease, is forecast to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of conditions ranging from osteoarthritis to Alzheimer's disease as well as impact disease prevention. Another, albeit quieter, revolution is also taking place within society: human augmentation. In this context, humans seek to improve themselves, metamorphosing through self-discipline or more recently, through use of emerging medical technologies, with the goal of transcending aging and mortality. In this review, and in the pursuit of improved medical care following aging, disease, disability, or injury, we first highlight cutting-edge and emerging materials-based neuroprosthetic technologies designed to restore limb or organ function. We highlight the potential for these technologies to be utilized to augment human performance beyond the range of natural performance. We discuss and explore the growing social movement of human augmentation and the idea that it is possible and desirable to use emerging technologies to push the boundaries of what it means to be a healthy human into the realm of superhuman performance and intelligence. This potential future capability is contrasted with limitations in the right-to-repair legislation, which may create challenges for patients. Now is the time for continued discussion of the ethical strategies for research, implementation, and long-term device sustainability or repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Social media use has exploded in popularity over the past decade with over 1.5 billion users on Facebook and 320 million users on Twitter. The aim of this study was to analyze the use of social media by orthopaedic journals and determine whether a relationship exists between social media followers and journal impact factor., Methods: The Clarivate Analytics Impact Factor tool was used to identify all orthopaedic journals with a 2022 impact factor of greater than 1.5. We then conducted a query on Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Facebook to determine which programs had pages on each platform., Results: Seventeen journals were included across all orthopaedic subspecialties. Of the 17 journals, 14 (82.4%) had a Facebook page, eight (47%) had an Instagram page, 15 (88.2%) had a Twitter account, and 8 (47%) had a LinkedIn profile. When compiling the number of followers by social media platform, Twitter had the most (177,543), followed by Facebook (149,388), Instagram (81,739), and LinkedIn (77,459). We found a significant correlation between the number of social media followers and journal impact factor (Pearson correlation coefficient [PCC] = 0.67; P = 0.003). When analyzing each social media platform independently, we found a significant correlation between the number of Facebook and Twitter followers and journal impact factor (PCC = 0.54; P = 0.02 and PCC = 0.80; P < 0.001, respectively)., Discussion: We have shown a notable association between the number of social media followers and a journal's impact factor. With the increasing shift toward online distribution, orthopaedic journals may use our data when evaluating their social media strategy to maintain and potentially increase their exposure and potentially their impact factor., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.)