2,875 results on '"Schwartz, Ann"'
Search Results
2. Charting a New Course for Addiction Education in General Psychiatry Residency Training
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Frew, Julia R., Balasanova, Alëna A., Rakocevic, Daniela B., Ruble, Anne E., Schwartz, Ann C., Frank, Amber, and DeJong, Sandra M.
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- 2024
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3. Caregiver costs and financial burden in caregivers of African American cancer survivors
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Hastert, Theresa A., Kyko, Jaclyn M., Ruterbusch, Julie J., Robinson, Jamaica R. M., Kamen, Charles S., Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer L., Nair, Mrudula, Thompson, Hayley S., and Schwartz, Ann G.
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- 2024
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4. Sleep health and quality of life in the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors cohort
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Trendowski, Matthew R., Ruterbusch, Julie J., Baird, Tara, Kyko, Jaclyn M., Martin, Jennifer L., Schwartz, Ann G., Markey, Grace E., Badr, M. Safwan, and Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer L.
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- 2024
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5. Artificial Intelligence/Operations Research Workshop 2 Report Out
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Dickerson, John, Dilkina, Bistra, Ding, Yu, Gupta, Swati, Van Hentenryck, Pascal, Koenig, Sven, Krishnan, Ramayya, Kulkarni, Radhika, Gill, Catherine, Griffin, Haley, Hunter, Maddy, and Schwartz, Ann
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Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computers and Society - Abstract
This workshop Report Out focuses on the foundational elements of trustworthy AI and OR technology, and how to ensure all AI and OR systems implement these elements in their system designs. Four sessions on various topics within Trustworthy AI were held, these being Fairness, Explainable AI/Causality, Robustness/Privacy, and Human Alignment and Human-Computer Interaction. Following discussions of each of these topics, workshop participants also brainstormed challenge problems which require the collaboration of AI and OR researchers and will result in the integration of basic techniques from both fields to eventually benefit societal needs.
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- 2023
6. The long-term effect of intentional weight loss on changes in bone mineral density in persons with type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD randomized trial
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Johnson, Karen C, Anderson, Andrea, Beavers, Kristen M, Crandall, Carolyn J, Hazuda, Helen P, Lewis, Cora E, Lipkin, Edward, Schwartz, Ann V, Pi-Sunyer, FX, and Zhao, Qi
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Obesity ,Prevention ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Nutrition ,Clinical Research ,Osteoporosis ,Musculoskeletal ,Male ,Humans ,Female ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Type 2 ,Bone Density ,Frailty ,Fractures ,Bone ,Life Style ,Weight Loss ,BMD ,Intentional weight loss ,Type 2 diabetes ,Clinical trial ,and the Look AHEAD Research Group ,Complementary and Alternative Medicine ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
Intentional weight loss has been shown to increase bone loss short term but the long-term effects are not known. Data from the Look AHEAD clinical trial shows that a long term intentional weight loss intervention was associated with greater bone loss at the hip in men.PurposeIntentional weight loss has been shown to increase bone loss short term and increase frailty fracture risk, but the long-term effects on bone mineral density (BMD) are not known.MethodsData from a subgroup from the Look AHEAD (LA) multicenter, randomized clinical trial was used to evaluate whether a long term intentional weight loss intervention would increase bone loss. In a preplanned substudy, BMD was assessed at 5 of the 16 LA clinical centers using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, year 8, and the observational visit 12.6-16.3 years after randomization (year 12-16).ResultsAt year 8, bone density loss (%) was greater in the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention (ILI) group compared with the control group (DSE) for the femoral neck (p = 0.0122) but this finding was not observed at the year 12-16 visit. In analyses stratified by gender, bone density loss (%) was greater at the total hip for men in the ILI group than the DSE group at both the year 8 and year 12-16 visits (year 8 p = 0.0263 and year 12-16 p = 0.0062). This finding was not observed among women.ConclusionLong term intentional weight loss was associated with greater bone loss at the hip in men. These results taken with the previously published Look AHEAD data from the entire clinical trial showing increased frailty fracture risk with weight loss in the ILI group suggest that when intentional weight loss is planned, consideration of bone density preservation and fracture prevention strategies is warranted.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00017953. June 21, 2001.
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- 2023
7. Bone marrow adipose tissue composition and glycemic improvements after gastric bypass surgery
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Kim, Tiffany Y, Schwartz, Ann V, Li, Xiaojuan, Xu, Kaipin, Kazakia, Galateia J, Grunfeld, Carl, Nissenson, Robert A, Shoback, Dolores M, and Schafer, Anne L
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Women's Health ,Clinical Research ,Nutrition ,Obesity ,Prevention ,Diabetes ,Cardiovascular ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Marrow adipose tissue ,Unsaturated lipids ,Gastric bypass surgery ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
Fracture risk is increased in type 2 diabetes, which may in part be due to altered bone marrow adiposity. Cross sectional studies have reported that people with type 2 diabetes have lower unsaturated BMAT lipid levels than people without diabetes, although there are limited data on longitudinal changes. We hypothesized that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), which dramatically improves glycemic status, would have differential effects on BMAT composition, with increases in the unsaturated lipid index in people with diabetes. Given reports that axial BMAT is responsive to metabolic stimuli while appendicular BMAT is stable, we hypothesized that BMAT changes would occur at the spine but not the tibia. We enrolled 30 obese women, stratified by diabetes status, and used magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure BMAT at the spine in all participants, and the tibia in a subset (n = 19). At baseline, BMAT parameters were similar between those with and without diabetes, except tibial marrow fat content was lower in women with diabetes (97.4 % ± 1.0 % versus 98.2 % ± 0.4 %, p = 0.04). Six months after surgery, both groups experienced similar weight loss of 27 kg ± 7 kg. At the spine, there was a significant interaction between diabetes status and changes in both marrow fat content and the unsaturated lipid index (p = 0.02, p
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- 2022
8. Diabetes Mellitus and the Benefit of Antiresorptive Therapy on Fracture Risk
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Eastell, Richard, Vittinghoff, Eric, Lui, Li‐Yung, Ewing, Susan K, Schwartz, Ann V, Bauer, Douglas C, Black, Dennis M, and Bouxsein, Mary L
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Aging ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Osteoporosis ,Diabetes ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Musculoskeletal ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Humans ,Bone Density ,Bone Density Conservation Agents ,Denosumab ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Type 2 ,Diphosphonates ,Hip Fractures ,BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF BONE REMODELING ,DXA ,CLINICAL TRIALS ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,ANTIRESORPTIVES ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Anatomy & Morphology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences - Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased risk of fractures. However, it is unclear whether current osteoporosis treatments reduce fractures in individuals with diabetes. The aim of the study was to determine whether presence of T2D influences the efficacy of antiresorptive treatment for osteoporosis using the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH)-American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR)-Study to Advance Bone Mineral Density (BMD) as a Regulatory Endpoint (SABRE) cohort, which includes individual patient data from randomized trials of osteoporosis therapies. In this study we included 96,385 subjects, 6.8% of whom had T2D, from nine bisphosphonate trials, two selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) trials, two trials of menopausal hormone therapy, one denosumab trial, and one odanacatib trial. We used Cox regression to obtain the treatment hazard ratio (HR) for incident nonvertebral, hip, and all fractures and logistic regression to obtain the treatment odds ratio (OR) for incident morphometric vertebral fractures, separately for T2D and non-DM. We used linear regression to estimate the effect of treatment on 2-year change in BMD (n = 49,099) and 3-month to 12-month change in bone turnover markers (n = 12,701) by diabetes status. In all analyses, we assessed the interaction between treatment and diabetes status. In pooled analyses of all 15 trials, we found that diabetes did not impact treatment efficacy, with similar reductions in vertebral, nonvertebral, all, and hip fractures, increases in total hip and femoral neck BMD, and reductions in serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide (CTX), urinary N-telopeptide of type I collagen/creatinine (NTX/Cr) and procollagen type 1 N propeptide (P1NP) (all interactions p > 0.05). We found similar results for the pooled analysis of bisphosphonate trials. However, when we considered trials individually, we found a few interactions within individual studies between diabetes status and the effects of denosumab and odanacatib on fracture risk, change in BMD or bone turnover markers (BTMs). In sum, these results provide strong evidence that bisphosphonates and most licensed antiresorptive drugs are effective at reducing fracture risk and increasing BMD irrespective of diabetes status. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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- 2022
9. Cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 61,047 cases and 947,237 controls identifies new susceptibility loci contributing to lung cancer.
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Byun, Jinyoung, Han, Younghun, Li, Yafang, Xia, Jun, Long, Erping, Choi, Jiyeon, Xiao, Xiangjun, Zhu, Meng, Zhou, Wen, Sun, Ryan, Bossé, Yohan, Song, Zhuoyi, Schwartz, Ann, Lusk, Christine, Rafnar, Thorunn, Stefansson, Kari, Zhang, Tongwu, Zhao, Wei, Pettit, Rowland W, Liu, Yanhong, Li, Xihao, Zhou, Hufeng, Walsh, Kyle M, Gorlov, Ivan, Gorlova, Olga, Zhu, Dakai, Rosenberg, Susan M, Pinney, Susan, Bailey-Wilson, Joan E, Mandal, Diptasri, de Andrade, Mariza, Gaba, Colette, Willey, James C, You, Ming, Anderson, Marshall, Wiencke, John K, Albanes, Demetrius, Lam, Stephan, Tardon, Adonina, Chen, Chu, Goodman, Gary, Bojeson, Stig, Brenner, Hermann, Landi, Maria Teresa, Chanock, Stephen J, Johansson, Mattias, Muley, Thomas, Risch, Angela, Wichmann, H-Erich, Bickeböller, Heike, Christiani, David C, Rennert, Gad, Arnold, Susanne, Field, John K, Shete, Sanjay, Le Marchand, Loic, Melander, Olle, Brunnstrom, Hans, Liu, Geoffrey, Andrew, Angeline S, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Shen, Hongbing, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Grankvist, Kjell, Johansson, Mikael, Caporaso, Neil, Cox, Angela, Hong, Yun-Chul, Yuan, Jian-Min, Lazarus, Philip, Schabath, Matthew B, Aldrich, Melinda C, Patel, Alpa, Lan, Qing, Rothman, Nathaniel, Taylor, Fiona, Kachuri, Linda, Witte, John S, Sakoda, Lori C, Spitz, Margaret, Brennan, Paul, Lin, Xihong, McKay, James, Hung, Rayjean J, and Amos, Christopher I
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Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,RNA-Binding Proteins ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Quantitative Trait Loci ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Human Genome ,Cancer ,Genetics ,Lung ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
To identify new susceptibility loci to lung cancer among diverse populations, we performed cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies in European, East Asian and African populations and discovered five loci that have not been previously reported. We replicated 26 signals and identified 10 new lead associations from previously reported loci. Rare-variant associations tended to be specific to populations, but even common-variant associations influencing smoking behavior, such as those with CHRNA5 and CYP2A6, showed population specificity. Fine-mapping and expression quantitative trait locus colocalization nominated several candidate variants and susceptibility genes such as IRF4 and FUBP1. DNA damage assays of prioritized genes in lung fibroblasts indicated that a subset of these genes, including the pleiotropic gene IRF4, potentially exert effects by promoting endogenous DNA damage.
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- 2022
10. Association of inflammation-related exposures and ovarian cancer survival in a multi-site cohort study of Black women
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Johnson, Courtney E., Alberg, Anthony J., Bandera, Elisa V., Peres, Lauren C., Akonde, Maxwell, Collin, Lindsay J., Cote, Michele L., Hastert, Theresa A., Hébert, James R., Peters, Edward S., Qin, Bonnie, Terry, Paul, Schwartz, Ann G., Bondy, Melissa, Epstein, Michael P., Mandle, Hannah B., Marks, Jeffrey R., Lawson, Andrew B., and Schildkraut, Joellen M.
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- 2023
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11. Housing instability and psychological distress in African American cancer survivors: findings from the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors study
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Robinson, Jamaica R. M., Hastert, Theresa A., Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer L., Schwartz, Ann G., Ruterbusch, Julie J., Pandolfi, Stephanie S., and Rundle, Andrew G.
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- 2023
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12. Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population
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Shi, Jianxin, Shiraishi, Kouya, Choi, Jiyeon, Matsuo, Keitaro, Chen, Tzu-Yu, Dai, Juncheng, Hung, Rayjean J., Chen, Kexin, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Kim, Young Tae, Landi, Maria Teresa, Lin, Dongxin, Zheng, Wei, Yin, Zhihua, Zhou, Baosen, Song, Bao, Wang, Jiucun, Seow, Wei Jie, Song, Lei, Chang, I-Shou, Hu, Wei, Chien, Li-Hsin, Cai, Qiuyin, Hong, Yun-Chul, Kim, Hee Nam, Wu, Yi-Long, Wong, Maria Pik, Richardson, Brian Douglas, Funderburk, Karen M., Li, Shilan, Zhang, Tongwu, Breeze, Charles, Wang, Zhaoming, Blechter, Batel, Bassig, Bryan A., Kim, Jin Hee, Albanes, Demetrius, Wong, Jason Y. Y., Shin, Min-Ho, Chung, Lap Ping, Yang, Yang, An, She-Juan, Zheng, Hong, Yatabe, Yasushi, Zhang, Xu-Chao, Kim, Young-Chul, Caporaso, Neil E., Chang, Jiang, Ho, James Chung Man, Kubo, Michiaki, Daigo, Yataro, Song, Minsun, Momozawa, Yukihide, Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kobayashi, Masashi, Okubo, Kenichi, Honda, Takayuki, Hosgood, Dean H., Kunitoh, Hideo, Patel, Harsh, Watanabe, Shun-ichi, Miyagi, Yohei, Nakayama, Haruhiko, Matsumoto, Shingo, Horinouchi, Hidehito, Tsuboi, Masahiro, Hamamoto, Ryuji, Goto, Koichi, Ohe, Yuichiro, Takahashi, Atsushi, Goto, Akiteru, Minamiya, Yoshihiro, Hara, Megumi, Nishida, Yuichiro, Takeuchi, Kenji, Wakai, Kenji, Matsuda, Koichi, Murakami, Yoshinori, Shimizu, Kimihiro, Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Saito, Motonobu, Ohtaki, Yoichi, Tanaka, Kazumi, Wu, Tangchun, Wei, Fusheng, Dai, Hongji, Machiela, Mitchell J., Su, Jian, Kim, Yeul Hong, Oh, In-Jae, Lee, Victor Ho Fun, Chang, Gee-Chen, Tsai, Ying-Huang, Chen, Kuan-Yu, Huang, Ming-Shyan, Su, Wu-Chou, Chen, Yuh-Min, Seow, Adeline, Park, Jae Yong, Kweon, Sun-Seog, Chen, Kun-Chieh, Gao, Yu-Tang, Qian, Biyun, Wu, Chen, Lu, Daru, Liu, Jianjun, Schwartz, Ann G., Houlston, Richard, Spitz, Margaret R., Gorlov, Ivan P., Wu, Xifeng, Yang, Ping, Lam, Stephen, Tardon, Adonina, Chen, Chu, Bojesen, Stig E., Johansson, Mattias, Risch, Angela, Bickeböller, Heike, Ji, Bu-Tian, Wichmann, H-Erich, Christiani, David C., Rennert, Gadi, Arnold, Susanne, Brennan, Paul, McKay, James, Field, John K., Shete, Sanjay S., Le Marchand, Loic, Liu, Geoffrey, Andrew, Angeline, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Zienolddiny-Narui, Shan, Grankvist, Kjell, Johansson, Mikael, Cox, Angela, Taylor, Fiona, Yuan, Jian-Min, Lazarus, Philip, Schabath, Matthew B., Aldrich, Melinda C., Jeon, Hyo-Sung, Jiang, Shih Sheng, Sung, Jae Sook, Chen, Chung-Hsing, Hsiao, Chin-Fu, Jung, Yoo Jin, Guo, Huan, Hu, Zhibin, Burdett, Laurie, Yeager, Meredith, Hutchinson, Amy, Hicks, Belynda, Liu, Jia, Zhu, Bin, Berndt, Sonja I., Wu, Wei, Wang, Junwen, Li, Yuqing, Choi, Jin Eun, Park, Kyong Hwa, Sung, Sook Whan, Liu, Li, Kang, Chang Hyun, Wang, Wen-Chang, Xu, Jun, Guan, Peng, Tan, Wen, Yu, Chong-Jen, Yang, Gong, Sihoe, Alan Dart Loon, Chen, Ying, Choi, Yi Young, Kim, Jun Suk, Yoon, Ho-Il, Park, In Kyu, Xu, Ping, He, Qincheng, Wang, Chih-Liang, Hung, Hsiao-Han, Vermeulen, Roel C. H., Cheng, Iona, Wu, Junjie, Lim, Wei-Yen, Tsai, Fang-Yu, Chan, John K. C., Li, Jihua, Chen, Hongyan, Lin, Hsien-Chih, Jin, Li, Liu, Jie, Sawada, Norie, Yamaji, Taiki, Wyatt, Kathleen, Li, Shengchao A., Ma, Hongxia, Zhu, Meng, Wang, Zhehai, Cheng, Sensen, Li, Xuelian, Ren, Yangwu, Chao, Ann, Iwasaki, Motoki, Zhu, Junjie, Jiang, Gening, Fei, Ke, Wu, Guoping, Chen, Chih-Yi, Chen, Chien-Jen, Yang, Pan-Chyr, Yu, Jinming, Stevens, Victoria L., Fraumeni, Jr, Joseph F., Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Gorlova, Olga Y., Hsiung, Chao Agnes, Amos, Christopher I., Shen, Hongbing, Chanock, Stephen J., Rothman, Nathaniel, Kohno, Takashi, and Lan, Qing
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- 2023
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13. Accounting for EGFR mutations in epidemiological analyses of non-small cell lung cancers: Examples based on the International Lung Cancer Consortium data
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Schmid, Sabine, Jiang, Mei, Brown, M Catherine, Fares, Aline, Garcia, Miguel, Soriano, Joelle, Dong, Mei, Thomas, Sera, Kohno, Takashi, Leal, Leticia Ferro, Diao, Nancy, Xie, Juntao, Wang, Zhichao, Zaridze, David, Holcatova, Ivana, Lissowska, Jolanta, Świątkowska, Beata, Mates, Dana, Savic, Milan, Wenzlaff, Angela S, Harris, Curtis C, Caporaso, Neil E, Ma, Hongxia, Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo, Barnett, Matthew J, Goodman, Gary, Davies, Michael PA, Pérez-Ríos, Mónica, Taylor, Fiona, Duell, Eric J, Schoettker, Ben, Brenner, Hermann, Andrew, Angeline, Cox, Angela, Ruano-Ravina, Alberto, Field, John K, Marchand, Loic Le, Wang, Ying, Chen, Chu, Tardon, Adonina, Shete, Sanjay, Schabath, Matthew B, Shen, Hongbing, Landi, Maria Teresa, Ryan, Brid M, Schwartz, Ann G, Qi, Lihong, Sakoda, Lori C, Brennan, Paul, Yang, Ping, Zhang, Jie, Christiani, David C, Reis, Rui Manuel, Shiraishi, Kouya, Hung, Rayjean J, Xu, Wei, and Liu, Geoffrey
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Lung ,Lung Cancer ,Cancer ,Prevention ,Carcinoma ,Non-Small-Cell Lung ,ErbB Receptors ,Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Mutation ,Survival Analysis ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Epidemiology - Abstract
BackgroundSomatic EGFR mutations define a subset of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) that have clinical impact on NSCLC risk and outcome. However, EGFR-mutation-status is often missing in epidemiologic datasets. We developed and tested pragmatic approaches to account for EGFR-mutation-status based on variables commonly included in epidemiologic datasets and evaluated the clinical utility of these approaches.MethodsThrough analysis of the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO) epidemiologic datasets, we developed a regression model for EGFR-status; we then applied a clinical-restriction approach using the optimal cut-point, and a second epidemiologic, multiple imputation approach to ILCCO survival analyses that did and did not account for EGFR-status.ResultsOf 35,356 ILCCO patients with NSCLC, EGFR-mutation-status was available in 4,231 patients. A model regressing known EGFR-mutation-status on clinical and demographic variables achieved a concordance index of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.74-0.77) in the training and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.74-0.79) in the testing dataset. At an optimal cut-point of probability-score = 0.335, sensitivity = 69% and specificity = 72.5% for determining EGFR-wildtype status. In both restriction-based and imputation-based regression analyses of the individual roles of BMI on overall survival of patients with NSCLC, similar results were observed between overall and EGFR-mutation-negative cohort analyses of patients of all ancestries. However, our approach identified some differences: EGFR-mutated Asian patients did not incur a survival benefit from being obese, as observed in EGFR-wildtype Asian patients.ConclusionsWe introduce a pragmatic method to evaluate the potential impact of EGFR-status on epidemiological analyses of NSCLC.ImpactThe proposed method is generalizable in the common occurrence in which EGFR-status data are missing.
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- 2022
14. Greater Carboxy-Methyl-Lysine Is Associated With Increased Fracture Risk in Type 2 Diabetes.
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Dhaliwal, Ruban, Ewing, Susan, Vashishth, Deepak, Semba, Richard, and Schwartz, Ann
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ADVANCED GLYCATION END-PRODUCTS ,BIOMARKER ,CARBOXY-METHYL-LYSINE ,DIABETES ,FRACTURE ,Aged ,Bone Density ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Type 2 ,Fractures ,Bone ,Humans ,Lysine ,Risk Factors ,Spinal Fractures - Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) in bone alters collagen structure and function. Fluorescent AGEs are associated with fractures but less is known regarding non-fluorescent AGEs. We examined associations of carboxy-methyl-lysine (CML), with incident clinical and prevalent vertebral fractures by type 2 diabetes (T2D) status, in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition cohort of older adults. Incident clinical fractures and baseline vertebral fractures were assessed. Cox regression was used to analyze the associations between serum CML and clinical fracture incidence, and logistic regression for vertebral fracture prevalence. At baseline, mean ± standard deviation (SD) age was 73.7 ± 2.8 and 73.6 ± 2.9 years in T2D (n = 712) and non-diabetes (n = 2332), respectively. Baseline CML levels were higher in T2D than non-diabetes (893 ± 332 versus 771 ± 270 ng/mL, p
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- 2022
15. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in the detroit research on cancer survivors (ROCS) cohort
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Sreeram, Kalyan, Seaton, Randell, Greenwald, Mark K., Kamgar, Mandana, Assad, Hadeel, Baird, Tara, Schwartz, Ann G., Ruterbusch, Julie, and Simon, Michael S.
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- 2023
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16. Microvascular disease not type 2 diabetes is associated with increased cortical porosity: A study of cortical bone microstructure and intracortical vessel characteristics
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Löffler, Maximilian T., Wu, Po-hung, Pirmoazen, Amir M., Joseph, Gabby B., Stewart, Jay M., Saeed, Isra, Liu, Jing, Schafer, Anne L., Schwartz, Ann V., Link, Thomas M., and Kazakia, Galateia J.
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- 2024
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17. Comment on “Is It Time to Rethink Psychiatry Residency Training? Part II: Training All Psychiatry Residents to Be General Psychiatrists”
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Lebin, Lindsay G., Mihalik-Wenger, Amanda, Ernst, Carrie L., Schwartz, Ann C., and Soeprono, Thomas M.
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- 2024
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18. Survival of epithelial ovarian cancer in Black women: a society to cell approach in the African American cancer epidemiology study (AACES)
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Schildkraut, Joellen M., Johnson, Courtney, Dempsey, Lauren F., Qin, Bo, Terry, Paul, Akonde, Maxwell, Peters, Edward S., Mandle, Hannah, Cote, Michele L., Peres, Lauren, Moorman, Patricia, Schwartz, Ann G., Epstein, Michael, Marks, Jeffrey, Bondy, Melissa, Lawson, Andrew B., Alberg, Anthony J., and Bandera, Elisa V.
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- 2023
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19. Erratum for Abaloparatide in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the ACTIVE Study.
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Dhaliwal, Ruban, Hans, Didier, Hattersley, Gary, Mitlak, Bruce, Fitzpatrick, Lorraine, Wang, Yamei, Schwartz, Ann, Miller, Paul, and Josse, Robert
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10346.].
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- 2021
20. The relationship between body-mass index and overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer by sex, smoking status, and race: A pooled analysis of 20,937 International lung Cancer consortium (ILCCO) patients
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Jiang, Mei, Fares, Aline F, Shepshelovich, Daniel, Yang, Ping, Christiani, David, Zhang, Jie, Shiraishi, Kouya, Ryan, Brid M, Chen, Chu, Schwartz, Ann G, Tardon, Adonina, Shete, Sanjay, Schabath, Matthew B, Teare, M Dawn, Le Marchand, Loic, Zhang, Zuo-Feng, Field, John K, Brenner, Hermann, Diao, Nancy, Xie, Juntao, Kohno, Takashi, Harris, Curtis C, Wenzlaff, Angela S, Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo, Ye, Yuanqing, Taylor, Fiona, Wilkens, Lynne R, Davies, Michael, Liu, Yi, Barnett, Matt J, Goodman, Gary E, Morgenstern, Hal, Holleczek, Bernd, Thomas, Sera, Brown, M Catherine, Hung, Rayjean J, Xu, Wei, and Liu, Geoffrey
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Obesity ,Lung ,Lung Cancer ,Cancer ,Nutrition ,Clinical Research ,Stroke ,Body Mass Index ,Carcinoma ,Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Female ,Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Male ,Overweight ,Risk Factors ,Smoking ,Body mass index ,Lung cancer ,Interaction ,Clinical Sciences ,Oncology & Carcinogenesis ,Clinical sciences ,Oncology and carcinogenesis - Abstract
IntroductionThe relationship between Body-Mass-Index (BMI) and lung cancer prognosis is heterogeneous. We evaluated the impact of sex, smoking and race on the relationship between BMI and overall survival (OS) in non-small-cell-lung-cancer (NSCLC).MethodsData from 16 individual ILCCO studies were pooled to assess interactions between BMI and the following factors on OS: self-reported race, smoking status and sex, using Cox models (adjusted hazard ratios; aHR) with interaction terms and adjusted penalized smoothing spline plots in stratified analyses.ResultsAmong 20,937 NSCLC patients with BMI values, females = 47 %; never-smokers = 14 %; White-patients = 76 %. BMI showed differential survival according to race whereby compared to normal-BMI patients, being underweight was associated with poor survival among white patients (OS, aHR = 1.66) but not among black patients (aHR = 1.06; pinteraction = 0.02). Comparing overweight/obese to normal weight patients, Black NSCLC patients who were overweight/obese also had relatively better OS (pinteraction = 0.06) when compared to White-patients. BMI was least associated with survival in Asian-patients and never-smokers. The outcomes of female ever-smokers at the extremes of BMI were associated with worse outcomes in both the underweight (pinteraction
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- 2021
21. Association between duration of smoking abstinence before non-small-cell lung cancer diagnosis and survival: a retrospective, pooled analysis of cohort studies
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Fares, Aline F, Li, Yao, Jiang, Mei, Brown, M Catherine, Lam, Andrew C L, Aggarwal, Reenika, Schmid, Sabine, Leighl, Natasha B, Shepherd, Frances A, Wang, Zhichao, Diao, Nancy, Wenzlaff, Angela S, Xie, Juntao, Kohno, Takashi, Caporaso, Neil E, Harris, Curtis, Ma, Hongxia, Barnett, Matthew J, Leal, Leticia Ferro, Fernandez-Tardon, G, Pérez-Ríos, Mónica, Davies, Michael P A, Taylor, Fiona, Schöttker, Ben, Brennan, Paul, Zaridze, David, Holcatova, Ivana, Lissowska, Jolanta, Świątkowska, Beata, Mates, Dana, Savic, Milan, Brenner, Hermann, Andrew, Angeline, Cox, Angela, Field, John K, Ruano-Ravina, Alberto, Shete, Sanjay S, Tardon, Adonina, Wang, Ying, Le Marchand, Loic, Reis, Rui Manuel, Schabath, Matthew B, Chen, Chu, Shen, Hongbing, Ryan, Brid M, Landi, Maria Teresa, Shiraishi, Kouya, Zhang, Jie, Schwartz, Ann G, Tsao, Ming S, Christiani, David C, Yang, Ping, Hung, Rayjean J, Xu, Wei, and Liu, Geoffrey
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- 2023
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22. No Evidence of Association Between Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin and Incident Type 2 Diabetes
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Babey, Muriel E, Ewing, Susan K, Strotmeyer, Elsa S, Napoli, Nicola, Schafer, Anne L, Vittinghoff, Eric, Gundberg, Caren M, and Schwartz, Ann V
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Diabetes ,Aging ,Prevention ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Aged ,Animals ,Biomarkers ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Type 2 ,Female ,Glucose ,Humans ,Insulin Resistance ,Male ,Mice ,Osteocalcin ,GENERAL POPULATION STUDIES ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,OTHER ,SYSTEMS BIOLOGY ,BONE INTERACTORS ,CELL/TISSUE SIGNALING ,ENDOCRINE PATHWAYS ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Anatomy & Morphology ,Biological sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences - Abstract
Mouse models suggest that undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), produced by the skeleton, protects against type 2 diabetes development, whereas human studies have been inconclusive. We aimed to determine if ucOC or total OC is associated with incident type 2 diabetes or changes in fasting glucose, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), or beta-cell function (HOMA-Beta). A subcohort (n = 338; 50% women; 36% black) was identified from participants without diabetes at baseline in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Cases of incident type 2 diabetes (n = 137) were defined as self-report at an annual follow-up visit, use of diabetes medication, or elevated fasting glucose during 8 years of follow-up. ucOC and total OC were measured in baseline serum. Using a case-cohort design, the association between biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes was assessed using robust weighted Cox regression. In the subcohort, linear regression models analyzed the associations between biomarkers and changes in fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-Beta over 9 years. Higher levels of ucOC were not statistically associated with increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.06 [95% confidence interval, 0.84-1.34] per 1 standard deviation [SD] increase in ucOC). Results for %ucOC and total OC were similar. Adjusted associations of ucOC, %ucOC, and total OC with changes in fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-Beta were modest and not statistically significant. We did not find evidence of an association of baseline undercarboxylated or total osteocalcin with risk of incident type 2 diabetes or with changes in glucose metabolism in older adults. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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- 2020
23. Indirect Effects of Racial Discrimination on Health Outcomes Through Prefrontal Cortical White Matter Integrity
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Okeke, Onyebuchi, Elbasheir, Aziz, Carter, Sierra E., Powers, Abigail, Mekawi, Yara, Gillespie, Charles F., Schwartz, Ann C., Bradley, Bekh, and Fani, Negar
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- 2023
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24. A 10-Year Follow-up Survey of Psychiatry Resident Education in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry
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Beach, Scott R., Ernst, Carrie L., Lavakumar, Mallika, Greenstein, Samuel P., Fipps, David C., Soeprono, Thomas M., Heinrich, Thomas W., and Schwartz, Ann C.
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- 2023
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25. Association of Visceral Adiposity With Pain but Not Structural Osteoarthritis
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Li, Shanshan, Schwartz, Ann V, LaValley, Michael P, Wang, Na, Desai, Nancy, Sun, Xianbang, Neogi, Tuhina, Nevitt, Michael, Lewis, Cora E, Guermazi, Ali, Roemer, Frank, Segal, Neil, Felson, David, and Group, for the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Chronic Pain ,Pain Research ,Aging ,Clinical Research ,Obesity ,Arthritis ,Prevention ,Osteoarthritis ,Biomedical Imaging ,Nutrition ,Musculoskeletal ,Absorptiometry ,Photon ,Aged ,Arthralgia ,Female ,Humans ,Intra-Abdominal Fat ,Knee Joint ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Musculoskeletal Pain ,Obesity ,Abdominal ,Osteoarthritis ,Knee ,Radiography ,Subcutaneous Fat ,Synovitis ,Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study Group ,Immunology ,Public Health and Health Services ,Arthritis & Rheumatology ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
ObjectiveOsteoarthritis (OA) and pain are both made more severe by low-grade inflammation. This study was undertaken to examine whether visceral fat, a major source of inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, is associated with an increased risk of knee OA or musculoskeletal pain.MethodsSubjects in the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study cohort, who were age 50-79 years and had or were at high risk of knee OA, underwent whole-body dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline. At baseline, 30 months, and 60 months radiographs and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the knees were obtained, and patients were asked to score the severity of their knee pain and to identify sites of joint pain using a body homunculus. Baseline DXA scans were used to measure total body fat and visceral and subcutaneous fat in the torso. The association of fat depot size with structural outcomes (incident radiographic OA and cartilage loss and synovitis on MRI) and with pain outcomes (worsening knee pain, number of painful joints, and widespread pain) was assessed. Regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, education level, smoking status, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and depressive symptoms.ResultsOf the 2,961 participants at baseline, 60.7% were women. The mean age was 62.5 years and mean BMI was 30.5 kg/m2 . After adjustment for covariates, no fat measures were associated with any structural outcomes. However, total and visceral, but not subcutaneous, fat were positively associated with worsening knee pain (P = 0.0005 for total fat and P = 0.007 for visceral fat) and widespread pain (P = 0.001 for total fat and P = 0.02 for visceral fat), and the amount of visceral fat was associated with the number of painful joints (P = 0.07).ConclusionOur findings indicate that visceral fat is associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal and widespread pain.
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- 2020
26. Identification of novel epithelial ovarian cancer loci in women of African ancestry
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Manichaikul, Ani, Peres, Lauren C, Wang, Xin‐Qun, Barnard, Mollie E, Chyn, Deanna, Sheng, Xin, Du, Zhaohui, Tyrer, Jonathan, Dennis, Joseph, Schwartz, Ann G, Cote, Michele L, Peters, Edward, Moorman, Patricia G, Bondy, Melissa, Barnholtz‐Sloan, Jill S, Terry, Paul, Alberg, Anthony J, Bandera, Elisa V, Funkhouser, Ellen, Wu, Anna H, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Pike, Malcom, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Haiman, Christopher A, Consortium, the African American Breast Cancer, Consortium, the African Ancestry Prostate Cancer, Palmer, Julie R, LeMarchand, Loic, Wilkens, Lynne R, Berchuck, Andrew, Doherty, Jennifer A, Modugno, Francesmary, Ness, Roberta, Moysich, Kirsten, Karlan, Beth Y, Whittemore, Alice S, McGuire, Valerie, Sieh, Weiva, Lawrenson, Kate, Gayther, Simon, Sellers, Thomas A, Pharoah, Paul, Schildkraut, Joellen M, and Consortium, the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study and the Ovarian Cancer Association
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Biotechnology ,Cancer ,Prevention ,Ovarian Cancer ,Rare Diseases ,Genetics ,Clinical Research ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Black or African American ,Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 ,Antigens ,Neoplasm ,Black People ,Breast Neoplasms ,Carcinoma ,Ovarian Epithelial ,Female ,Follistatin ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Humans ,Neoplasm Proteins ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,United States ,White People ,ovarian cancer ,African ancestry ,genome wide association study ,gene expression ,eQTLs ,African American Breast Cancer Consortium ,African Ancestry Prostate Cancer Consortium ,African American Cancer Epidemiology Study (AACES) and the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium ,Oncology & Carcinogenesis ,Oncology and carcinogenesis - Abstract
Women of African ancestry have lower incidence of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) yet worse survival compared to women of European ancestry. We conducted a genome-wide association study in African ancestry women with 755 EOC cases, including 537 high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) and 1,235 controls. We identified four novel loci with suggestive evidence of association with EOC (p
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- 2020
27. Plasma Soluble αKlotho, Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 23, and Mobility Disability in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
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Shardell, Michelle, Drew, David, Semba, Richard, Harris, Tamara, Cawthon, Peggy, Simonsick, Eleanor, Kalyani, Rita, Schwartz, Ann, Kritchevsky, Stephen, and Newman, Anne
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aging ,chronic kidney disease ,fibroblast growth factor 23 ,mobility disability ,αKlotho - Abstract
CONTEXT: αKlotho is a hormone and co-receptor for fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a hormone that downregulates active vitamin D synthesis and promotes phosphate excretion. Low αKlotho and high FGF23 occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the relationships of αKlotho and FGF23 with mobility disability in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: We estimated associations of plasma-soluble αKlotho and serum FGF23 concentrations with mobility disability over 6 years. Additional analyses was stratified by CKD. PARTICIPANTS: Participants included 2751 adults (25.0% with CKD), aged 71 to 80 years, from the 1998 to 1999 Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Walking disability and stair climb disability were defined as self-reported a lot of difficulty or an inability to walk a quarter mile and climb 10 stairs, respectively. RESULTS: Median (interquartile range [IQR]) serum FGF23 and plasma soluble αKlotho concentrations were 46.6 (36.7, 60.2) pg/mL and 630.4 (478.4, 816.0) pg/mL, respectively. After adjustment, higher αKlotho concentrations were associated with lower walking disability rates (Rate Ratio [RR] highest vs. lowest tertile = 0.74; 95% confidence interval l [CI] = 0.62, 0.89; P = 0.003). Higher FGF23 concentrations were associated with higher walking disability rates (RR highest vs. lowest tertile = 1.24; 95%CI = 1.03, 1.50; P = 0.005). Overall, higher αKlotho combined with lower FGF23 was associated with the lowest walking disability rates (P for interaction = 0.023). Stair climb disability findings were inconsistent. No interactions with CKD were statistically significant (P for interaction > 0.10). CONCLUSIONS: Higher plasma soluble αKlotho and lower serum FGF23 concentrations were associated with lower walking disability rates in community-dwelling older adults, particularly those without CKD.
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- 2020
28. Abaloparatide in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis and Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the ACTIVE Study.
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Dhaliwal, Ruban, Hans, Didier, Hattersley, Gary, Mitlak, Bruce, Fitzpatrick, Lorraine, Wang, Yamei, Schwartz, Ann, Miller, Paul, and Josse, Robert
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ABALOPARATIDE ,ANABOLICS ,BONE MINERAL DENSITY ,CLINICAL TRIALS ,DXA ,FRACTURE PREVENTION ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,TRABECULAR BONE SCORE ,TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS - Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases fracture risk despite normal or increased BMD. Abaloparatide reduces fracture risk in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO); however, its efficacy in women with T2DM is unknown. This post hoc analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of abaloparatide in patients with T2DM. The analysis included patients with T2DM from the Abaloparatide Comparator Trial In Vertebral Endpoints (ACTIVE), a phase 3, double-blind, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial. In ACTIVE, participants were randomized 1:1:1 to daily s.c. injections of placebo, abaloparatide (80 μg), or open-label teriparatide (20 μg) for 18 months. A total of 198 women with PMO and T2DM from 21 centers in 10 countries were identified from ACTIVE through review of their medical records. The main outcomes measured included effect of abaloparatide versus placebo on BMD and trabecular bone score (TBS), with secondary outcomes of fracture risk and safety, in patients from ACTIVE with T2DM. Significant (p
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- 2020
29. COPD and lung cancer incidence in the Womens Health Initiative Observational Study: A brief report.
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Nagasaka, Misako, Lehman, Amy, Chlebowski, Rowan, Haynes, Brittany, Ho, Gloria, Patel, Manali, Sakoda, Lori, Schwartz, Ann, Simon, Michael, and Cote, Michele
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COPD ,Emphysema ,Ethnic difference ,Lung cancer ,Smoking ,Aged ,Female ,Humans ,Incidence ,Lung Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,Postmenopause ,Prognosis ,Pulmonary Disease ,Chronic Obstructive ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,United States ,Womens Health - Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in both men and women in the United States. COPD is associated with lung cancer independently of cigarette smoking, but remains understudied in women. Utilizing data from the Womens Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS), this report investigates the association between COPD and development of lung cancer, with a focus on ethnicity and cancer subtype. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The WHI-OS, part of the larger Womens Health Initiative (WHI), is comprised of postmenopausal women between ages 50 and 79 years old at enrollment. Self-administered questionnaires were utilized to gather baseline demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral information from participants. For this analysis, COPD status was determined at study entry (baseline) and on annual survey (incident). Information on the primary outcome of interest, diagnosis of lung cancer, was also collected annually. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Of the 92,789 women examined, 1,536 developed lung cancer. Overall, women with COPD were 1.64 times more likely to develop lung cancer than those without COPD, after adjusting for smoking status and intensity, ethnicity, education, body mass index, and income (HR = 1.64, 95 % CI: 1.43, 1.89). The relationship between COPD and lung cancer was not found to be significantly different between ethnic groups (p-value = 0.697). The associations between COPD and lung cancer was similar across subtypes (HR range 1.31-2.16), after adjusting for smoking status and intensity. COPD increases risk of lung cancer in women, thus they may benefit from more intensive surveillance compared to similar women without COPD.
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- 2020
30. MRI Assessment of Bone Marrow Composition in Osteoporosis.
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Li, Xiaojuan and Schwartz, Ann
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Bone marrow composition ,Bone marrow fat ,Bone-fat interaction ,Marrow MR ,Marrow adipose tissue ,Osteoporosis ,Adipose Tissue ,Bone Marrow ,Cancellous Bone ,Cortical Bone ,Humans ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Osteoporosis ,Osteoporotic Fractures ,Spinal Fractures - Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an overview on recent technical development for quantifying marrow composition using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) techniques, as well as a summary on recent findings of interrelationship between marrow adipose tissue (MAT) and skeletal health in the context of osteoporosis. RECENT FINDINGS: There have been significant technical advances in reliable quantification of marrow composition using MR techniques. Cross-sectional studies have demonstrated a negative correlation between MAT and bone, with trabecular bone associating more strongly with MAT than cortical bone. However, longitudinal studies of MAT and bone are limited. MAT contents and composition have been associated with prevalent vertebral fracture. The evidence between MAT and clinical fracture is more limited, and, to date, no studies have reported on the relationship between MAT and incident fracture. Increasing evidence suggests a dynamic role of marrow fat in skeletal health. Reliable non-invasive quantification of marrow composition will facilitate developing novel treatment strategies for osteoporosis.
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- 2020
31. Greater Bone Marrow Adiposity Predicts Bone Loss in Older Women.
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Woods, Gina N, Ewing, Susan K, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Kado, Deborah M, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Hue, Trisha F, Lang, Thomas F, Vittinghoff, Eric, Harris, Tamara B, Rosen, Clifford, Xu, Kaipin, Li, Xiaojuan, and Schwartz, Ann V
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AGING ,BONE-FAT INTERACTIONS < SYSTEMS BIOLOGY - BONE INTERACTORS ,GENERAL POPULATION STUDIES < EPIDEMIOLOGY ,OSTEOPOROSIS < DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF/RELATED TO BONE ,OSTEOPOROSIS < DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF ,RELATED TO BONE ,Biological Sciences ,Engineering ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Anatomy & Morphology - Abstract
Bone marrow adiposity (BMA) is associated with aging and osteoporosis, but whether BMA can predict bone loss and fractures remains unknown. Using data from the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik study, we investigated the associations between 1 H-MRS-based measures of vertebral bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), annualized change in bone density/strength by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and DXA, and secondarily, with incident clinical fractures and radiographic vertebral fractures among older adults. The associations between BMAT and annualized change in bone density/strength were evaluated using linear regression models, adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, estradiol, and testosterone. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the associations between baseline BMAT and incident clinical fractures, and logistic regression models for incident vertebral fractures. At baseline, mean ± SD age was 80.9 ± 4.2 and 82.6 ± 4.2 years in women (n = 148) and men (n = 150), respectively. Mean baseline BMAT was 55.4% ± 8.1% in women and 54.1% ± 8.2% in men. Incident clinical fractures occurred in 7.4% of women over 2.8 years and in 6.0% of men over 2.2 years. Incident vertebral fractures occurred in 12% of women over 3.3 years and in 17% of men over 2.7 years. Each 1 SD increase in baseline BMAT was associated with a 3.9 mg2 /cm4 /year greater loss of spine compressive strength index (p value = .003), a 0.9 mg/cm3 /year greater loss of spine trabecular BMD (p value = .02), and a 1.2 mg/cm3 /year greater loss of femoral neck trabecular BMD (p value = .02) in women. Among men, there were no associations between BMAT and changes in bone density/strength. There were no associations between BMAT and incident fractures in women or men. In conclusion, we found greater BMAT is associated with greater loss of trabecular bone at the spine and femoral neck, and greater loss of spine compressive strength, in older women. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- 2020
32. Association of Diabetes Mellitus and Biomarkers of Abnormal Glucose Metabolism With Incident Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis
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Rogers‐Soeder, Tara S, Lane, Nancy E, Walimbe, Mona, Schwartz, Ann V, Tolstykh, Irina, Felson, David T, Lewis, Cora E, Segal, Neil A, Nevitt, Michael C, and Group, the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study
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Epidemiology ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Health Sciences ,Diabetes ,Pain Research ,Prevention ,Clinical Research ,Arthritis ,Chronic Pain ,Aging ,Nutrition ,Osteoarthritis ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Aged ,Biomarkers ,Blood Glucose ,Body Mass Index ,Comorbidity ,Diabetes Mellitus ,Female ,Follow-Up Studies ,Humans ,Incidence ,Knee Joint ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Osteoarthritis ,Knee ,Prognosis ,Radiography ,Risk Assessment ,Risk Factors ,United States ,Multicenter Osteoarthritis (MOST) Study Group ,Clinical Sciences ,Public Health and Health Services ,Psychology ,Clinical sciences ,Allied health and rehabilitation science - Abstract
ObjectiveThe association of diabetes mellitus (DM) with increased risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA) is uncertain. We evaluated associations of DM and biomarkers of abnormal glucose metabolism with incident radiographic knee OA, controlling for body mass index (BMI).MethodsParticipants (mean ± SD age 60.6 ± 7.8 years; mean ± SD body mass index [BMI] 29.1 ± 4.9 kg/m2 ) were from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study and did not have radiographic knee OA at baseline (Kellgren/Lawrence [K/L] grade
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- 2020
33. Impact of lung cancer screening on stage migration and mortality among the national Veterans Health Administration population with lung cancer
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Edwards, Donna M., primary, Pirzadeh, Mina, additional, Van, Tony, additional, Jiang, Ralph, additional, Tate, Akshay, additional, Schaefer, Grace, additional, James, Jadyn, additional, Bishop, Caroline, additional, Wilson, Cydnee, additional, Nedzesky, Nicholas, additional, Alseri, Aaren, additional, Leveque, Anthony, additional, Malus, Amanda, additional, Waljee, Akbar, additional, Elliott, David A., additional, Deng, Jane, additional, Schwartz, Ann, additional, Schipper, Matthew, additional, Bryant, Alex K., additional, Ramnath, Nithya, additional, and Green, Michael D., additional
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- 2024
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34. The contribution of rare and common genetic variants to risk of prostate cancer and second primary cancer after prostate in the UK Biobank.
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Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer Lynn, primary, Snyder, Nathan, additional, Schwartz, Ann G., additional, Wei, Jun, additional, Shi, Zhuqing, additional, Tran, Huy, additional, Zheng, Lily, additional, Shevach, Jeffrey, additional, Cooney, Kathleen A., additional, and Xu, Jianfeng, additional
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- 2024
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35. Enhancing Addictions Education in Patient Care and Medical Knowledge Competencies for General Psychiatry Residents
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Frank, Amber A., Schwartz, Ann C., Welsh, Justine W., Ruble, Anne E., Branch, Romain, DeMoss, Dustin, and DeJong, Sandra M.
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- 2022
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36. Addiction Teaching and Training in the General Psychiatry Setting
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DeJong, Sandra M., Balasanova, Alëna A., Frank, Amber, Ruble, Anne E., Frew, Julia R., Hoefer, Michael, Rakocevic, Daniela B., Carey, Theadia, Renner, John A., and Schwartz, Ann C.
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- 2022
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37. Bone marrow adipose tissue composition and glycemic improvements after gastric bypass surgery
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Kim, Tiffany Y., Schwartz, Ann V., Li, Xiaojuan, Xu, Kaipin, Kazakia, Galateia J., Grunfeld, Carl, Nissenson, Robert A., Shoback, Dolores M., and Schafer, Anne L.
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- 2022
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38. Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI Change, and Overall Survival in Patients With SCLC and NSCLC: A Pooled Analysis of the International Lung Cancer Consortium
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Shepshelovich, Daniel, Xu, Wei, Lu, Lin, Fares, Aline, Yang, Ping, Christiani, David, Zhang, Jie, Shiraishi, Kouya, Ryan, Brid M, Chen, Chu, Schwartz, Ann G, Tardon, Adonina, Wu, Xifeng, Schabath, Matthew B, Teare, M Dawn, Le Marchand, Loic, Zhang, Zuo-Feng, Field, John K, Brenner, Hermann, Diao, Nancy, Xie, Juntao, Kohno, Takashi, Harris, Curtis C, Wenzlaff, Angela S, Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo, Ye, Yuanqing, Taylor, Fiona, Wilkens, Lynne R, Davies, Michael, Liu, Yi, Barnett, Matt J, Goodman, Gary E, Morgenstern, Hal, Holleczek, Bernd, Brown, M Catherine, Liu, Geoffrey, and Hung, Rayjean J
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Obesity ,Lung Cancer ,Lung ,Nutrition ,Prevention ,Cancer ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Aged ,Aged ,80 and over ,Body Mass Index ,Carcinoma ,Non-Small-Cell Lung ,Female ,Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Risk Factors ,Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ,Survival Analysis ,Young Adult ,Body mass index ,Lung cancer ,Survival ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Clinical Sciences ,Oncology & Carcinogenesis ,Clinical sciences ,Oncology and carcinogenesis - Abstract
IntroductionThe relationships between morbid obesity, changes in body mass index (BMI) before cancer diagnosis, and lung cancer outcomes by histology (SCLC and NSCLC) have not been well studied.MethodsIndividual level data analysis was performed on 25,430 patients with NSCLC and 2787 patients with SCLC from 16 studies of the International Lung Cancer Consortium evaluating the association between various BMI variables and lung cancer overall survival, reported as adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) from Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted penalized smoothing spline plots.ResultsOverall survival of NSCLC had putative U-shaped hazard ratio relationships with BMI based on spline plots: being underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2; aHR = 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.43-1.70) or morbidly overweight (BMI > 40 kg/m2; aHR = 1.09; 95% CI: 0.95-1.26) at the time of diagnosis was associated with worse stage-specific prognosis, whereas being overweight (25 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2; aHR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85-0.95) or obese (30 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ≤ 40 kg/m2; aHR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.82-0.91) was associated with improved survival. Although not significant, a similar pattern was seen with SCLC. Compared with an increased or stable BMI from the period between young adulthood until date of diagnosis, a decreased BMI was associated with worse outcomes in NSCLC (aHR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.2-1.3) and SCLC patients (aHR=1.26 (95% CI: 1.0-1.6). Decreased BMI was consistently associated with worse outcome, across clinicodemographic subsets.ConclusionsBoth being underweight or morbidly obese at time of diagnosis is associated with lower stage-specific survival in independent assessments of NSCLC and SCLC patients. In addition, a decrease in BMI at lung cancer diagnosis relative to early adulthood is a consistent marker of poor survival.
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- 2019
39. Lung Cancer Risk in Never-Smokers of European Descent is Associated With Genetic Variation in the 5p15.33 TERT-CLPTM1Ll Region
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Hung, Rayjean J, Spitz, Margaret R, Houlston, Richard S, Schwartz, Ann G, Field, John K, Ying, Jun, Li, Yafang, Han, Younghun, Ji, Xuemei, Chen, Wei, Wu, Xifeng, Gorlov, Ivan P, Na, Jie, de Andrade, Mariza, Liu, Geoffrey, Brhane, Yonathan, Diao, Nancy, Wenzlaff, Angela, Davies, Michael PA, Liloglou, Triantafillos, Timofeeva, Maria, Muley, Thomas, Rennert, Hedy, Saliba, Walid, Ryan, Bríd M, Bowman, Elise, Barros-Dios, Juan-Miguel, Pérez-Ríos, Mónica, Morgenstern, Hal, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Skaug, Vidar, Ugolini, Donatella, Bonassi, Stefano, van der Heijden, Erik HFM, Tardon, Adonina, Bojesen, Stig E, Landi, Maria Teresa, Johansson, Mattias, Bickeböller, Heike, Arnold, Susanne, Le Marchand, Loic, Melander, Olle, Andrew, Angeline, Grankvist, Kjell, Caporaso, Neil, Teare, M Dawn, Schabath, Matthew B, Aldrich, Melinda C, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Wichmann, H-Erich, Lazarus, Philip, Mayordomo, Jose, Neri, Monica, Haugen, Aage, Zhang, Zuo-Feng, Ruano-Raviña, Alberto, Brenner, Hermann, Harris, Curtis C, Orlow, Irene, Rennert, Gadi, Risch, Angela, Brennan, Paul, Christiani, David C, Amos, Christopher I, Yang, Ping, and Gorlova, Olga Y
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Human Genome ,Lung Cancer ,Tobacco ,Prevention ,Cancer ,Genetics ,Clinical Research ,Tobacco Smoke and Health ,Lung ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Good Health and Well Being ,Case-Control Studies ,Chromosomes ,Human ,Pair 5 ,Europe ,Female ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genetic Variation ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Genotyping Techniques ,Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Membrane Proteins ,Middle Aged ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Risk Factors ,Telomerase ,Lung cancer ,Never smokers ,Genome-wide association study ,Genetic susceptibility ,Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Clinical Sciences ,Oncology & Carcinogenesis ,Clinical sciences ,Oncology and carcinogenesis - Abstract
IntroductionInherited susceptibility to lung cancer risk in never-smokers is poorly understood. The major reason for this gap in knowledge is that this disease is relatively uncommon (except in Asians), making it difficult to assemble an adequate study sample. In this study we conducted a genome-wide association study on the largest, to date, set of European-descent never-smokers with lung cancer.MethodsWe conducted a two-phase (discovery and replication) genome-wide association study in never-smokers of European descent. We further augmented the sample by performing a meta-analysis with never-smokers from the recent OncoArray study, which resulted in a total of 3636 cases and 6295 controls. We also compare our findings with those in smokers with lung cancer.ResultsWe detected three genome-wide statistically significant single nucleotide polymorphisms rs31490 (odds ratio [OR]: 0.769, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.722-0.820; p value 5.31 × 10-16), rs380286 (OR: 0.770, 95% CI: 0.723-0.820; p value 4.32 × 10-16), and rs4975616 (OR: 0.778, 95% CI: 0.730-0.829; p value 1.04 × 10-14). All three mapped to Chromosome 5 CLPTM1L-TERT region, previously shown to be associated with lung cancer risk in smokers and in never-smoker Asian women, and risk of other cancers including breast, ovarian, colorectal, and prostate.ConclusionsWe found that genetic susceptibility to lung cancer in never-smokers is associated to genetic variants with pan-cancer risk effects. The comparison with smokers shows that top variants previously shown to be associated with lung cancer risk only confer risk in the presence of tobacco exposure, underscoring the importance of gene-environment interactions in the etiology of this disease.
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- 2019
40. Impact of Body Weight Dynamics Following Intentional Weight Loss on Fracture Risk: Results from The Action for Health in Diabetes Study
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Beavers, Kristen M, Neiberg, Rebecca H, Johnson, Karen C, Davis, C Hunter, Casanova, Ramon, Schwartz, Ann V, Crandall, Carolyn J, Lewis, Cora E, Pi‐Sunyer, Xavier, Kritchevsky, Stephen B, and Group, the Look AHEAD Research
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Osteoporosis ,Nutrition ,Women's Health ,Clinical Research ,Obesity ,Aging ,Prevention ,Diabetes ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Musculoskeletal ,WEIGHT CHANGE ,WEIGHT VARIABILITY ,FRACTURE ,BMD ,TYPE 2 DIABETES ,Look AHEAD Research Group ,Biomedical and clinical sciences - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of body weight change following intentional weight loss on incident fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) in overweight and obese adults with diabetes. A total of 1885 individuals with type 2 diabetes (baseline age: 58.5 ± 6.7 years, 58% women, body mass index: 35.7 ± 6.0 kg/m2) who participated in the Look AHEAD study and lost any weight 1 year after being randomized to an intensive lifestyle intervention were assessed. Body weight was measured annually and participants were categorized as weight regainers, weight cyclers, or continued losers/maintainers based on a ±3% annual change in weight from year 1 to year 4. Adjudicated overall fracture incidence was captured from years 4 through 13 (median follow-up duration 11.5 years). Hip and spine BMD was assessed in a subset of participants at baseline, year 4 (n = 468), and year 8 (n = 354), using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Cox proportional hazards and linear regression models, adjusted for relevant covariates, were performed for fracture and BMD outcomes, respectively. Fifty-eight percent, 22%, and 20% of participants were classified as weight regainers, weight cyclers, and continued losers/maintainers, respectively; and 217 fractures (men n = 63; women n = 154) were recorded during the follow-up period. There were no statistically significant differences in total incident fracture rates for weight regainers (HR [95% CI]: 1.01 [95% CI, 0.71 to 1.44]) or weight cyclers (HR [95% CI]: 1.02 [95% CI, 0.68 to 1.53]) when compared to continued losers/maintainers (p = 0.99). Similarly, follow-up BMD estimates did not significantly vary by weight pattern group, although consistent trends for lowered BMD in the hip region were noted for continued losers/maintainers and weight cyclers compared with weight regainers. Patterns of weight change in the 3 years following 1 year of intentional weight loss were not associated with subsequent fracture or significantly reduced BMD in this cohort of overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- 2019
41. Evaluation of vitamin D biosynthesis and pathway target genes reveals UGT2A1/2 and EGFR polymorphisms associated with epithelial ovarian cancer in African American Women
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Grant, Delores J, Manichaikul, Ani, Alberg, Anthony J, Bandera, Elisa V, Barnholtz‐Sloan, Jill, Bondy, Melissa, Cote, Michele L, Funkhouser, Ellen, Moorman, Patricia G, Peres, Lauren C, Peters, Edward S, Schwartz, Ann G, Terry, Paul D, Wang, Xin‐Qun, Keku, Temitope O, Hoyo, Cathrine, Berchuck, Andrew, Sandler, Dale P, Taylor, Jack A, O’Brien, Katie M, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Edwards, Todd L, Beeghly‐Fadiel, Alicia, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Pearce, Celeste Leigh, Wu, Anna H, Whittemore, Alice S, McGuire, Valerie, Sieh, Weiva, Rothstein, Joseph H, Modugno, Francesmary, Ness, Roberta, Moysich, Kirsten, Rossing, Mary Anne, Doherty, Jennifer A, Sellers, Thomas A, Permuth‐Way, Jennifer B, Monteiro, Alvaro N, Levine, Douglas A, Setiawan, Veronica Wendy, Haiman, Christopher A, LeMarchand, Loic, Wilkens, Lynne R, Karlan, Beth Y, Menon, Usha, Ramus, Susan, Gayther, Simon, Gentry‐Maharaj, Aleksandra, Terry, Kathryn L, Cramer, Daniel W, Goode, Ellen L, Larson, Melissa C, Kaufmann, Scott H, Cannioto, Rikki, Odunsi, Kunle, Etter, John L, Huang, Ruea‐Yea, Bernardini, Marcus Q, Tone, Alicia A, May, Taymaa, Goodman, Marc T, Thompson, Pamela J, Carney, Michael E, Tworoger, Shelley S, Poole, Elizabeth M, Lambrechts, Diether, Vergote, Ignace, Vanderstichele, Adriaan, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Anton‐Culver, Hoda, Ziogas, Argyrios, Brenton, James D, Bjorge, Line, Salvensen, Helga B, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Massuger, Leon FAG, Pejovic, Tanja, Bruegl, Amanda, Moffitt, Melissa, Cook, Linda, Le, Nhu D, Brooks‐Wilson, Angela, Kelemen, Linda E, Pharoah, Paul DP, Song, Honglin, Campbell, Ian, Eccles, Diana, DeFazio, Anna, Kennedy, Catherine J, and Schildkraut, Joellen M
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Biotechnology ,Nutrition ,Rare Diseases ,Clinical Research ,Genetics ,Ovarian Cancer ,Prevention ,Cancer ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Black or African American ,Bayes Theorem ,Carcinoma ,Ovarian Epithelial ,ErbB Receptors ,Female ,Genetic Association Studies ,Glucuronosyltransferase ,Humans ,Logistic Models ,Middle Aged ,Neoplasm Grading ,Ovarian Neoplasms ,Polymorphism ,Single Nucleotide ,Receptors ,Calcitriol ,Vitamin D ,African ancestry risk ,genetic association ,ovarian cancer ,vitamin D pathway ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,Oncology and carcinogenesis - Abstract
An association between genetic variants in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) was previously reported in women of African ancestry (AA). We sought to examine associations between genetic variants in VDR and additional genes from vitamin D biosynthesis and pathway targets (EGFR, UGT1A, UGT2A1/2, UGT2B, CYP3A4/5, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, CYP11A1, and GC). Genotyping was performed using the custom-designed 533,631 SNP Illumina OncoArray with imputation to the 1,000 Genomes Phase 3 v5 reference set in 755 EOC cases, including 537 high-grade serous (HGSOC), and 1,235 controls. All subjects are of African ancestry (AA). Logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We further evaluated statistical significance of selected SNPs using the Bayesian False Discovery Probability (BFDP). A significant association with EOC was identified in the UGT2A1/2 region for the SNP rs10017134 (per allele OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.2-1.7, P = 1.2 × 10-6 , BFDP = 0.02); and an association with HGSOC was identified in the EGFR region for the SNP rs114972508 (per allele OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.6-3.4, P = 1.6 × 10-5 , BFDP = 0.29) and in the UGT2A1/2 region again for rs1017134 (per allele OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.2-1.7, P = 2.3 × 10-5 , BFDP = 0.23). Genetic variants in the EGFR and UGT2A1/2 may increase susceptibility of EOC in AA women. Future studies to validate these findings are warranted. Alterations in EGFR and UGT2A1/2 could perturb enzyme efficacy, proliferation in ovaries, impact and mark susceptibility to EOC.
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- 2019
42. Chronic kidney disease and peripheral nerve function in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study.
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Moorthi, Ranjani, Doshi, Simit, Fried, Linda, Moe, Sharon, Sarnak, Mark, Satterfield, Suzanne, Schwartz, Ann, Shlipak, Michael, Lange-Maia, Brittney, Harris, Tamara, Newman, Anne, and Strotmeyer, Elsa
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chronic kidney disease ,motor ,peripheral nerve ,sensory ,Age Factors ,Aged ,Body Composition ,Cohort Studies ,Creatinine ,Cystatin C ,Female ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Humans ,Male ,Peripheral Nerves ,Renal Insufficiency ,Chronic - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with poor mobility. Peripheral nerve function alterations play a significant role in low mobility. We tested the hypothesis that early CKD is associated with altered sensory, motor and autonomic nerve function. METHODS: Participants in the Health, Aging and Body Composition cohort who had kidney function measures in Year 3 (1999-2000) and nerve function measurements at Year 4 (2000-01) were analyzed (n = 2290). Sensory (vibration threshold, monofilament insensitivity to light and standard touch), motor [compound motor action potentials (CMAPs), nerve conduction velocities (NCVs)] and autonomic (heart rate response and recovery after a 400-m walk test) nerve function as well as participant characteristics were compared across cystatin C- and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate categorized as ≤60 (CKD) or >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (non-CKD). The association between CKD and nerve function was examined with logistic regression adjusted for covariates. RESULTS: Participants with CKD (n = 476) were older (77 ± 3 versus 75 ± 3 years; P
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- 2019
43. Cross-Cancer Pleiotropic Associations with Lung Cancer Risk in African Americans
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Jones, Carissa C, Bradford, Yuki, Amos, Christopher I, Blot, William J, Chanock, Stephen J, Harris, Curtis C, Schwartz, Ann G, Spitz, Margaret R, Wiencke, John K, Wrensch, Margaret R, Wu, Xifeng, and Aldrich, Melinda C
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Epidemiology ,Health Services and Systems ,Health Sciences ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Prevention ,Lung Cancer ,Clinical Research ,Cancer ,Tobacco Smoke and Health ,Human Genome ,Lung ,Genetics ,Tobacco ,Cancer Genomics ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Black or African American ,Case-Control Studies ,Female ,Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Risk Factors ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
BackgroundIdentifying genetic variants with pleiotropic associations across multiple cancers can reveal shared biologic pathways. Prior pleiotropic studies have primarily focused on European-descent individuals. Yet population-specific genetic variation can occur, and potential pleiotropic associations among diverse racial/ethnic populations could be missed. We examined cross-cancer pleiotropic associations with lung cancer risk in African Americans.MethodsWe conducted a pleiotropic analysis among 1,410 African American lung cancer cases and 2,843 controls. We examined 36,958 variants previously associated (or in linkage disequilibrium) with cancer in prior genome-wide association studies. Logistic regression analyses were conducted, adjusting for age, sex, global ancestry, study site, and smoking status.ResultsWe identified three novel genomic regions significantly associated (FDR-corrected P
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- 2019
44. Alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk: A pooled analysis from the International Lung Cancer Consortium and the SYNERGY study
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Brenner, Darren R, Fehringer, Gord, Zhang, Zuo-Feng, Lee, Yuan-Chin Amy, Meyers, Travis, Matsuo, Keitaro, Ito, Hidemi, Vineis, Paolo, Stucker, Isabelle, Boffetta, Paolo, Brennan, Paul, Christiani, David C, Diao, Nancy, Hong, Yun-Chul, Landi, Maria T, Morgenstern, Hal, Schwartz, Ann G, Rennert, Gad, Saliba, Walid, McLaughlin, John R, Harris, Curtis C, Orlow, Irene, Dios, Juan M Barros, Raviña, Alberto Ruano, Siemiatycki, Jack, Koushik, Anita, Cote, Michele, Lazarus, Philip, Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo, Tardon, Adonina, Le Marchand, Loïc, Brenner, Hermann, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Duell, Eric J, Andrew, Angeline S, Consonni, Dario, Olsson, Ann, Hung, Rayjean J, and Straif, Kurt
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Epidemiology ,Health Sciences ,Public Health ,Oncology and Carcinogenesis ,Cancer ,Alcoholism ,Alcohol Use and Health ,Lung Cancer ,Lung ,Prevention ,Substance Misuse ,2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment ,Aetiology ,Stroke ,Good Health and Well Being ,Adenocarcinoma ,Aged ,Alcohol Drinking ,Alcoholic Beverages ,Carcinoma ,Squamous Cell ,Case-Control Studies ,Cohort Studies ,Female ,Humans ,Lung Neoplasms ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Odds Ratio ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Alcohol ,Lung cancer ,Pooled analysis ,Public Health and Health Services ,Oncology & Carcinogenesis ,Oncology and carcinogenesis - Abstract
BackgroundThere is inadequate evidence to determine whether there is an effect of alcohol consumption on lung cancer risk. We conducted a pooled analysis of data from the International Lung Cancer Consortium and the SYNERGY study to investigate this possible association by type of beverage with adjustment for other potential confounders.MethodsTwenty one case-control studies and one cohort study with alcohol-intake data obtained from questionnaires were included in this pooled analysis (19,149 cases and 362,340 controls). Adjusted odds ratios (OR) or hazard ratios (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for each measure of alcohol consumption. Effect estimates were combined using random or fixed-effects models where appropriate. Associations were examined for overall lung cancer and by histological type.ResultsWe observed an inverse association between overall risk of lung cancer and consumption of alcoholic beverages compared to non-drinkers, but the association was not monotonic. The lowest risk was observed for persons who consumed 10-19.9 g/day ethanol (OR vs. non-drinkers = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.91), where 1 drink is approximately 12-15 g. This J-shaped association was most prominent for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The association with all lung cancer varied little by type of alcoholic beverage, but there were notable differences for SCC. We observed an association with beer intake (OR for ≥20 g/day vs nondrinker = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.90).ConclusionsWhether the non-monotonic associations we observed or the positive association between beer drinking and squamous cell carcinoma reflect real effects await future analyses and insights about possible biological mechanisms.
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- 2019
45. Chronic Kidney Disease Is Associated With Greater Bone Marrow Adiposity.
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Woods, Gina, Ewing, Susan, Sigurdsson, Sigurdur, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Xu, Kaipin, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Vittinghoff, Eric, Harris, Tamara, Rosen, Clifford, Li, Xiaojuan, Schwartz, Ann, Ix, Joachim, Lang, Thomas, Kado, Deborah, and Hue, Trisha
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Adipose Tissue ,Adiposity ,Aged ,80 and over ,Bone Marrow ,Female ,Glomerular Filtration Rate ,Humans ,Male ,Renal Insufficiency ,Chronic - Abstract
Bone marrow adiposity is associated with aging, osteoporosis, and reduced hematopoiesis, as well as anorexia nervosa, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms that affect marrow adiposity. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may influence bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT), possibly through loss of lean mass or higher circulating levels of sclerostin. To test these hypotheses, we investigated the cross-sectional association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as a measure of kidney function and 1 H-MRS-based measurement of vertebral BMAT (L1 to L4) in 475 older adults from the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik study. Mean BMAT was compared in those with eGFR >60 (n = 297) versus those with eGFR 45 to 60 (n = 120) or eGFR 60 (adjusted mean 53.8%; 95% CI, 52.8 to 54.8) (p = 0.0002). BMAT did not differ in those with eGFR 45 to 60 (adjusted mean 54.3%; 95% CI, 52.8 to 55.9) compared with those with eGFR >60 (p = 0.58). In a subgroup of participants with serum sclerostin available (n = 253), additional adjustment for sclerostin attenuated the difference in adjusted mean vertebral BMAT between those with eGFR 60 from 3.7% (p = 0.04) to 2.4% (p = 0.20). CKD stage 3b or worse was associated with greater bone marrow adiposity; this association may be partially mediated by sclerostin. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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- 2018
46. Lung Cancer Screening Criteria and Cardiopulmonary Comorbidities
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Pu, Chan Yeu, Lusk, Christine M., Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Gadgeel, Shirish, Soubani, Ayman O., and Schwartz, Ann G.
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- 2022
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47. Risk factors for lower bone mineral density in older adults with type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
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Schwartz, Ann V, Backlund, Jye-Yu C, de Boer, Ian H, Rubin, Mishaela R, Barnie, Annette, Farrell, Kaleigh, Trapani, Victoria R, Gregory, Naina Sinha, Wallia, Amisha, Bebu, Ionut, Lachin, John M, Braffett, Barbara H, and Gubitosi-Klug, Rose
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- 2022
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48. Circulating serum microRNAs including senescent miR-31-5p are associated with incident fragility fractures in older postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus
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Heilmeier, Ursula, Hackl, Matthias, Schroeder, Fabian, Torabi, Soheyla, Kapoor, Puneet, Vierlinger, Klemens, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Gudmundsson, Elias Freyr, Harris, Tamara B., Gudnason, Vilmundur, Link, Thomas M., Grillari, Johannes, and Schwartz, Ann V.
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- 2022
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49. Racial and socioeconomic disparities in survival among patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer.
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Uprety, Dipesh, Seaton, Randell, Hadid, Tarik, Mamdani, Hirva, Sukari, Ammar, Ruterbusch, Julie J, and Schwartz, Ann G
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IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors ,OVERALL survival ,RACE ,LOG-rank test ,METROPOLITAN areas - Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors have profoundly impacted survival among patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer. However, population-based studies evaluating this impact on survival by race and socioeconomic factors are lacking. Methods We used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program–Medicare database to identify patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer diagnosed between 2015 and 2019. The primary study outcomes were the receipt of an immune checkpoint inhibitor and overall survival. χ
2 tests and logistic regression were used to identify demographic factors associated with receipt of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate 2-year overall survival rates, and log-rank tests were used to compare survival by race and ethnicity. Results Of 17 134 patients, approximately 39% received an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Those diagnosed with cancer recently (in 2019); who are relatively younger (aged younger than 85 years); non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Asian, or Hispanic; living in high socioeconomic status or metropolitan areas; not Medicaid eligible; and with adenocarcinoma histology were more likely to receive immune checkpoint inhibitors. The 2-year overall survival rate from diagnosis was 21% for the overall population. The 2-year overall survival rate from immune checkpoint inhibitor initiation was 30%, among those who received at least 1 cycle and 11% among those who did not receive immune checkpoint inhibitors. The 2-year overall survival rates were higher among non-Hispanic White (22%) and non-Hispanic Asian (23%) patients compared with non-Hispanic Black (15%) and Hispanic (17%) patients. There was no statistically significant racial differences in survival for those who received immune checkpoint inhibitors. Conclusion Immune checkpoint inhibitor utilization rates and the resulting outcomes were inferior for certain vulnerable groups, mandating the need for strategies to improve access to care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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50. Diabetes Risk Factors and Bone Microarchitecture as Assessed by High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Adults With Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes.
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Sinha Gregory, Naina, Burghardt, Andrew J., Backlund, Jye-Yu C., Rubin, Mishaela R., Bebu, Ionut, Braffett, Barbara H., Kenny, David J., Link, Thomas M., Kazakia, Galateia J., Barnie, Annette, Lachin, John M., Gubitosi-Klug, Rose, de Boer, Ian H., and Schwartz, Ann V.
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TYPE 1 diabetes ,GLYCEMIC control ,DIABETES complications ,BONE density ,COMPUTED tomography - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether type 1 diabetes and its complications are associated with bone geometry and microarchitecture. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was embedded in a long-term observational study. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) scans of the distal radius and distal and diaphyseal tibia were performed in a subset of 183 participants with type 1 diabetes from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) study and 94 control participants without diabetes. HbA
1c , skin advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and diabetes-related complications were assessed in EDIC participants with >30 years of follow-up. RESULTS: Compared with control participants (aged 60 ± 8 years, 65% female), EDIC participants (aged 60 ± 7 years, diabetes duration 38 ± 5 years, 51% female) had lower total bone mineral density (BMD) at the distal radius (−7.9% [95% CI −15.2%, −0.6%]; P = 0.030) and distal tibia (−11.3% [95% CI −18.5%, −4.2%]; P = 0.001); larger total area at all sites (distal radius 4.7% [95% CI 0.5%, 8.8%; P = 0.030]; distal tibia 5.9% [95% CI 2.1%, 9.8%; P = 0.003]; diaphyseal tibia 3.4% [95% CI 0.8%, 6.1%; P = 0.011]); and poorer radius trabecular and cortical microarchitecture. Estimated failure load was similar between the two groups. Among EDIC participants, higher HbA1c , AGE levels, and macroalbuminuria were associated with lower total BMD. Macroalbuminuria was associated with larger total area and lower cortical thickness at the distal radius. Higher HbA1c and AGE levels and lower glomerular filtration rate, peripheral neuropathy, and retinopathy were associated with deficits in trabecular microarchitecture. CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 diabetes is associated with lower BMD, larger bone area, and poorer trabecular microarchitecture. Among participants with type 1 diabetes, suboptimal glycemic control, AGE accumulation, and microvascular complications are associated with deficits in bone microarchitecture and lower BMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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