Search

Amyloidosis is a rare disease of difficult diagnosis that occurs due accumulation of amyloid substance localized or systemic. The oral cavity is an unusual site and can be related to both localized and systemic forms and for that reason a full investigation is necessary to determine the extent of the disease. This study reports a case of a 58-year-old melanoderm male patient referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with white plaques on the tongue and multiple nodules in the region of the buccal mucosa and labial commissure, with 6 months of evolution and painful symptoms. An incisional biopsy was performed on both sites and histological examination indicated the presence of eosinophilic amorphous material within the connective tissue, positive for crystal violet staining, consistent with amyloidosis. At the present time, there is no consensus on the management of local amyloidosis. Surgical treatment of localized forms is indicated in some cases to reduce the functional prejudice. Moreover, follow-up is mandatory, both to manage recurrences and to monitor the possible evolution of the disease to the systemic form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Actinic cheilitis (AC), an oral potentially malignant oral disorder (OPMD), predominantly affects fair-skinned individuals, particularly males, with a higher prevalence in their sixth and seventh decades. In the Southeast region of Brazil, oral cancer ranks as the fourth most common tumor among males, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) constituting 90% to 95% of lip tumor cases, primarily impacting the lower lip. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the malignant transformation rate in previously diagnosed AC patients between 2008 and 2018, utilizing biopsy records., Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of lip lesion patients at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (DOMS) during the stated period, collecting demographic and medical data for analysis., Results: Among the 224 analyzed AC cases, 67.8% were male, with an average age of 65 years. Approximately 87.6% of patients reported occupational exposure to AC-associated risk factors. Malignant transformations occurred in 27 patients (12.05%)., Conclusions: Our study underscores the possible effect of early intervention and preventive measures in stabilizing AC lesions and averting their progression to malignancy. These findings underscore the significance of prompt AC diagnosis and management to mitigate the risk of malignant transformation. Key words: Actinic cheilitis, oral squamous cell carcinoma, malignant transformation., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest, financial or otherwise., (Copyright: © 2024 Medicina Oral S.L.)

Objective: This article concerns evaluation of the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAB for pre-surgical diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of major and minor salivary glands of patients treated in the Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Erasto Gartner Hospital. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed medical records from January 2006 to December 2011 from patients with salivary gland lesions who underwent preoperative FNAB and, after surgical excision of the lesion, histopathological examination. Results: The study had a cohort of 130 cases, but 34 cases (26.2%) were considered unsatisfactory regarding cytology analyses. Based on the data, sensitivity was 66.7% (6/9), specificity was 81.6% (71/87), accuracy was 80.2% (77/96), the positive predictive value was 66,7% (6/9) and the negative predictive value was 81.6% (71/87). Conclusion: Despite the high rate of inadequate samples obtained in the FNAB in this study the technique offers high specificity, accuracy and acceptable sensitivity., (Creative Commons Attribution License)

Background: The involvement of HPV in oral and oropharyngeal carcinogenesis was first proposed in 2004, based on epithelial HPV tropism and detection of HPV genotypes in oral squamous cell carcinoma samples. While 60-70% of oropharynx tumors may be HPV-positive, only 10 to 19% of tumors of the oral cavity, larynx and hypopharynx appear to have HPV infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate HPV infection associated with oropharyngeal cancer., Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight cases were selected for p16 immunoexpression reactions, and demographic data were collected for comparisons., Results: Most patients were over 60 years old, and 64.1% were smokers. Immunohistochemistry results showed that 86.3% of cases stained positive for p16 protein., Conclusion: The oropharyngeal cancer profile at Erasto Gaertner Hospital presented a high index of smokers over 60 years as well a high number of p16+ tumors, for what we can not determinate the main etiologic factor, but can be aware of the number of patients that presented HPV infection. Since prevention is still the best way to deal with cancer disease, it is important to analyze the interaction of these two etiologic factors and how to detect lesions at an early stage.