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2. Psychotherapy following acute-phase electroconvulsive therapy or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression: a scoping review

Author

Schurgers, Geert, Arts, Baer, Rutten, Bart, and van Bronswijk, Suzanne

Subjects
Psychiatry, Mental and Social Health, Depression, Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, Major depressive episode, ECT, Major depressive disorder, behavioral disciplines and activities, Electroconvulsive therapy, mental disorders, rTMS, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medical Specialties, Treatment-resistant depression
Abstract

Major depressive episodes (MDE) are highly prevalent and affect millions of people worldwide. Standard acute-phase treatment of MDE typically consists of psychotherapy and/or antidepressant medication (ADM). Although these treatment options have been proven to be effective, a significant subset of these patients does not reach remission after several trials, indicating various levels of treatment resistance. Neuromodulation is an important alternative treatment option to psychotherapy and ADM, especially for those with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The most commonly used modalities of neuromodulation, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), have established acute-phase efficacy in MDE (Mutz et al., 2019). However, long-term outcomes of ECT and rTMS are characterized by substantial relapse rates. Therefore, relapse prevention following acute-phase treatment of MDE with ECT or rTMS is crucial. Well-studied relapse prevention strategies are ADM (Sackeim et al., 2001) and continuation and maintenance treatment with ECT or rTMS (Elias et al., 2018; Senova et al., 2019). Psychotherapy constitutes another strategy for relapse prevention in depression with potentially long-lasting effects (Bockting et al., 2015). Although previous research indicates that continuation-phase psychotherapy decreases the risk of relapse following acute-phase treatment of MDE with psychotherapy or ADM (Bockting et al., 2015; Vittengl et al., 2007), less is known about the role of psychotherapy as a relapse prevention strategy following acute-phase ECT and rTMS.

Published
2022
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3. Interrogating Associations Between Polygenic Liabilities and Electroconvulsive Therapy Effectiveness

Author

Luykx, Jurjen J., Loef, Dore, Lin, Bochao, van Diermen, Linda, Nuninga, Jasper O., van Exel, Eric, Oudega, Mardien L., Rhebergen, Didi, Schouws, Sigfried N.T.M., van Eijndhoven, Philip, Verwijk, Esmée, Schrijvers, Didier, Birkenhager, Tom K., Ryan, Karen M., Arts, Baer, van Bronswijk, Suzanne C., Kenis, Gunter, Schurgers, Geert, Baune, Bernhard T., Arns, Martijn, van Dellen, Edwin E., Somers, Metten, Sommer, Iris E.C., Boks, Marco P., Gülöksüz, Sinan, McLoughlin, Declan M., Dols, Annemiek, Rutten, Bart P.F., Luykx, Jurjen J., Loef, Dore, Lin, Bochao, van Diermen, Linda, Nuninga, Jasper O., van Exel, Eric, Oudega, Mardien L., Rhebergen, Didi, Schouws, Sigfried N.T.M., van Eijndhoven, Philip, Verwijk, Esmée, Schrijvers, Didier, Birkenhager, Tom K., Ryan, Karen M., Arts, Baer, van Bronswijk, Suzanne C., Kenis, Gunter, Schurgers, Geert, Baune, Bernhard T., Arns, Martijn, van Dellen, Edwin E., Somers, Metten, Sommer, Iris E.C., Boks, Marco P., Gülöksüz, Sinan, McLoughlin, Declan M., Dols, Annemiek, and Rutten, Bart P.F.

Abstract

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for severe major depressive episodes (MDEs). Nonetheless, firmly established associations between ECT outcomes and biological variables are currently lacking. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) carry clinical potential, but associations with treatment response in psychiatry are seldom reported. Here, we examined whether PRSs for major depressive disorder, schizophrenia (SCZ), cross-disorder, and pharmacological antidepressant response are associated with ECT effectiveness. Methods: A total of 288 patients with MDE from 3 countries were included. The main outcome was a change in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores from before to after ECT treatment. Secondary outcomes were response and remission. Regression analyses with PRSs as independent variables and several covariates were performed. Explained variance (R2) at the optimal p-value threshold is reported. Results: In the 266 subjects passing quality control, the PRS-SCZ was positively associated with a larger Hamilton Depression Rating Scale decrease in linear regression (optimal p-value threshold = .05, R2 = 6.94%, p < .0001), which was consistent across countries: Ireland (R2 = 8.18%, p = .0013), Belgium (R2 = 6.83%, p = .016), and the Netherlands (R2 = 7.92%, p = .0077). The PRS-SCZ was also positively associated with remission (R2 = 4.63%, p = .0018). Sensitivity and subgroup analyses, including in MDE without psychotic features (R2 = 4.42%, p = .0024) and unipolar MDE only (R2 = 9.08%, p < .0001), confirmed the results. The other PRSs were not associated with a change in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score at the predefined Bonferroni-corrected significance threshold. Conclusions: A linear association between PRS-SCZ and ECT outcome was uncovered. Although it is too early to adopt PRSs in ECT clinical decision making, these

Published
2022

4. Interrogating Associations Between Polygenic Liabilities and Electroconvulsive Therapy Effectiveness

Author

Hersenen-Medisch 1, Onderzoeksgroep 2, Affectieve & Psychotische Med., Brain, Luykx, Jurjen J, Loef, Dore, Lin, Bochao, van Diermen, Linda, Nuninga, Jasper O, van Exel, Eric, Oudega, Mardien L, Rhebergen, Didi, Schouws, Sigfried N T M, van Eijndhoven, Philip, Verwijk, Esmée, Schrijvers, Didier, Birkenhager, Tom K, Ryan, Karen M, Arts, Baer, van Bronswijk, Suzanne C, Kenis, Gunter, Schurgers, Geert, Baune, Bernhard T, Arns, Martijn, van Dellen, Edwin E, Somers, Metten, Sommer, Iris E C, Boks, Marco P, Gülöksüz, Sinan, McLoughlin, Declan M, Dols, Annemiek, Rutten, Bart P F, Hersenen-Medisch 1, Onderzoeksgroep 2, Affectieve & Psychotische Med., Brain, Luykx, Jurjen J, Loef, Dore, Lin, Bochao, van Diermen, Linda, Nuninga, Jasper O, van Exel, Eric, Oudega, Mardien L, Rhebergen, Didi, Schouws, Sigfried N T M, van Eijndhoven, Philip, Verwijk, Esmée, Schrijvers, Didier, Birkenhager, Tom K, Ryan, Karen M, Arts, Baer, van Bronswijk, Suzanne C, Kenis, Gunter, Schurgers, Geert, Baune, Bernhard T, Arns, Martijn, van Dellen, Edwin E, Somers, Metten, Sommer, Iris E C, Boks, Marco P, Gülöksüz, Sinan, McLoughlin, Declan M, Dols, Annemiek, and Rutten, Bart P F

Published
2022

5. Interrogating Associations between Polygenic Liabilities and Electroconvulsive Therapy Effectiveness

Author

Loef, Dore, primary, Luykx, Jurjen, additional, Lin, Bochao, additional, van Diermen, Linda, additional, Nuninga, Jasper, additional, van Exel, Eric, additional, Oudega, Mardien, additional, Rhebergen, Didi, additional, Schouws, Sigfried, additional, van Eijndhoven, Philip, additional, Verwijk, Esmée, additional, Schrijvers, Didier, additional, Birkenhager, Tom, additional, Ryan, Karen, additional, Arts, Baer, additional, van Bronswijk, Suzanne, additional, Kenis, Gunter, additional, Schurgers, Geert, additional, Baune, Bernhard, additional, Arns, Martijn, additional, van Dellen, Edwin, additional, Somers, Metten, additional, Sommer, Iris, additional, Boks, Marco, additional, Gülöksüz, Sinan, additional, McLoughlin, Declan, additional, Rutten, Bart, additional, and Dols, Annemiek, additional

Published
2022
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6. Interrogating Associations Between Polygenic Liabilities and Electroconvulsive Therapy Effectiveness

Author

Luykx, Jurjen J., primary, Loef, Dore, additional, Lin, Bochao, additional, van Diermen, Linda, additional, Nuninga, Jasper O., additional, van Exel, Eric, additional, Oudega, Mardien L., additional, Rhebergen, Didi, additional, Schouws, Sigfried N.T.M., additional, van Eijndhoven, Philip, additional, Verwijk, Esmée, additional, Schrijvers, Didier, additional, Birkenhager, Tom K., additional, Ryan, Karen M., additional, Arts, Baer, additional, van Bronswijk, Suzanne C., additional, Kenis, Gunter, additional, Schurgers, Geert, additional, Baune, Bernhard T., additional, Arns, Martijn, additional, van Dellen, Edwin E., additional, Somers, Metten, additional, Sommer, Iris E.C., additional, Boks, Marco P., additional, Gülöksüz, Sinan, additional, McLoughlin, Declan M., additional, Dols, Annemiek, additional, and Rutten, Bart P.F., additional

Published
2022
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