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238 results on '"Schütt, C."'

1. Interleukin (IL)-1/IL-6-Inhibitor–Associated Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DReSS) in Systemic Inflammatory Illnesses

Author

Aamir, R., Abulaban, K., Adams, A., Lapsia, C. Aguiar, Akinsete, A., Akoghlanian, S., Al Manaa, M., AlBijadi, A., Allenspach, E., Almutairi, A., Alperin, R., Amarilyo, G., Ambler, W., Amoruso, M., Angeles-Han, S., Ardoin, S., Armendariz, S., Asfaw, L., Aviran Dagan, N., Bacha, C., Balboni, I., Balevic, S., Ballinger, S., Baluta, S., Barillas-Arias, L., Basiaga, M., Baszis, K., Baxter, S., Becker, M., Begezda, A., Behrens, E., Beil, E., Benseler, S., Bermudez-Santiago, L., Bernal, W., Bigley, T., Bingham, C., Binstadt, B., Black, C., Blackmon, B., Blakley, M., Bohnsack, J., Boneparth, A., Bradfield, H., Bridges, J., Brooks, E., Brothers, M., Brunner, H., Buckley, L., Buckley, M., Bukulmez, H., Bullock, D., Canna, S., Cannon, L., Canny, S., Cartwright, V., Cassidy, E., Castro, D., Chalom, E., Chang, J., Chang, M., Chang-Hoftman, A., Chen, A., Chiraseveenuprapund, P., Ciaglia, K., Co, D., Cohen, E., Collinge, J., Conlon, H., Connor, R., Cook, K., Cooper, A., Cooper, J., Corbin, K., Correll, C., Cron, R., Curry, M., Dalrymple, A., Datyner, E., Davis, T., De Ranieri, D., Dean, J., DeCoste, C., Dedeoglu, F., DeGuzman, M., Delnay, N., DeSantis, E., Devine, R., Dhalla, M., Dhanrajani, A., Dissanayake, D., Dizon, B., Drapeau, N., Drew, J., Driest, K., Du, Q., Duncan, E., Dunnock, K., Durkee, D., Dvergsten, J., Eberhard, A., Ede, K., Edelheit, B., Edens, C., El Tal, T., Elder, M., Elzaki, Y., Fadrhonc, S., Failing, C., Fair, D., Favier, L., Feldman, B., Fennell, J., Ferguson, P., Ferguson, I., Figueroa, C., Flanagan, E., Fogel, L., Fox, E., Fox, M., Franklin, L., Fuhlbrigge, R., Fuller, J., Furey, M., Futch-West, T., Gagne, S., Gennaro, V., Gerstbacher, D., Gilbert, M., Gironella, A., Glaser, D., Goh, I., Goldsmith, D., Gorry, S., Goswami, N., Gottlieb, B., Graham, T., Grevich, S., Griffin, T., Grim, A., Grom, A., Guevara, M., Hahn, T., Halyabar, O., Hamda Natur, M., Hammelev, E., Hammond, T., Harel, L., Harris, J., Harry, O., Hausmann, J., Hay, A., Hays, K., Hayward, K., Henderson, L., Henrickson, M., Hersh, A., Hickey, K., Hiraki, L., Hiskey, M., Hobday, P., Hoffart, C., Holland, M., Hollander, M., Hong, S., Horton, D., Horwitz, M., Hsu, J., Huber, A., Huberts, A., Huggins, J., Huie, L., Hui-Yuen, J., Ibarra, M., Imlay, A., Imundo, L., Inman, C., Jackson, A., James, K., Janow, G., Jared, S., Jiang, Y., Johnson, L., Johnson, N., Jones, J., Kafisheh, D., Kahn, P., Kaidar, K., Kasinathan, S., Kaur, R., Kessler, E., Kienzle, B., Kim, S., Kimura, Y., Kingsbury, D., Kitcharoensakkul, M., Klausmeier, T., Klein, K., Klein-Gitelman, M., Knight, A., Kovalick, L., Kramer, S., Kremer, C., Kudas, O., LaFlam, T., Lang, B., Lapidus, S., Lapin, B., Lasky, A., Lawler, C., Lawson, E., Laxer, R., Lee, P., Lee, T., Lee, A., Leisinger, E., Lentini, L., Lerman, M., Levinsky, Y., Levy, D., Li, S., Lieberman, S., Lim, L., Limenis, E., Lin, C., Ling, N., Lionetti, G., Livny, R., Lloyd, M., Lo, M., Long, A., Lopez-Peña, M., Lovell, D., Luca, N., Lvovich, S., Lytch, A., Ma, M., Machado, A., MacMahon, J., Madison, J., Mannion, M., Manos, C., Mansfield, L., Marston, B., Mason, T., Matchett, D., McAllister, L., McBrearty, K., McColl, J., McCurdy, D., McDaniels, K., McDonald, J., Meidan, E., Mellins, E., Mian, Z., Miettunen, P., Miller, M., Milojevic, D., Mitacek, R., Modica, R., Mohan, S., Moore, T., Moore, K., Moorthy, L., Moreno, J., Morgan, E., Moyer, A., Murante, B., Murphy, A., Muscal, E., Mwizerwa, O., Najafi, A., Nanda, K., Nasah, N., Nassi, L., Nativ, S., Natter, M., Nearanz, K., Neely, J., Newhall, L., Nguyen, A., Nigrovic, P., Nocton, J., Nolan, B., Nowicki, K., Oakes, R., Oberle, E., Ogbonnaya-Whittesley, S., Ogbu, E., Oliver, M., Olveda, R., Onel, K., Orandi, A., Padam, J., Paller, A., Pan, N., Pandya, J., Panupattanapong, S., Toledano, A. Pappo, Parsons, A., Patel, J., Patel, P., Patrick, A., Patrizi, S., Paul, S., Perfetto, J., Perron, M., Peskin, M., Ponder, L., Pooni, R., Prahalad, S., Puplava, B., Quinlan-Waters, M., Rabinovich, C., Rafko, J., Rahimi, H., Rampone, K., Ramsey, S., Randell, R., Ray, L., Reed, A., Reid, H., Reiff, D., Richins, S., Riebschleger, M., Rife, E., Riordan, M., Riskalla, M., Robinson, A., Robinson, L., Rodgers, L., Rodriquez, M., Rogers, D., Ronis, T., Rosado, A., Rosenkranz, M., Rosenwasser, N., Rothermel, H., Rothman, D., Rothschild, E., Roth-Wojcicki, E., Rouster-Stevens, K., Rubinstein, T., Rupp, J., Ruth, N., Sabbagh, S., Sadun, R., Santiago, L., Saper, V., Sarkissian, A., Scalzi, L., Schahn, J., Schikler, K., Schlefman, A., Schmeling, H., Schmitt, E., Schneider, R., Schulert, G., Schultz, K., Schutt, C., Seper, C., Sheets, R., Shehab, A., Shenoi, S., Sherman, M., Shirley, J., Shishov, M., Siegel, D., Singer, N., Sivaraman, V., Sloan, E., Smith, C., Smith, J., Smitherman, E., Soep, J., Son, Mary B., Sosna, D., Spencer, C., Spiegel, L., Spitznagle, J., Srinivasalu, H., Stapp, H., Steigerwald, K., Stephens, A., Sterba Rakovchik, Y., Stern, S., Stevens, B., Stevenson, R., Stewart, K., Stewart, W., Stingl, C., Stoll, M., Stringer, E., Sule, S., Sullivan, J., Sundel, R., Sutter, M., Swaffar, C., Swayne, N., Syed, R., Symington, T., Syverson, G., Szymanski, A., Taber, S., Tal, R., Tambralli, A., Taneja, A., Tanner, T., Tarvin, S., Tate, L., Taxter, A., Taylor, J., Tesher, M., Thakurdeen, T., Theisen, A., Thomas, B., Thomas, L., Thomas, N., Ting, T., Todd, C., Toib, D., Torok, K., Tory, H., Toth, M., Tse, S., Tsin, C., Twachtman-Bassett, J., Twilt, M., Valcarcel, T., Valdovinos, R., Vallee, A., Van Mater, H., Vandenbergen, S., Vannoy, L., Varghese, C., Vasquez, N., Vega-Fernandez, P., Velez, J., Verbsky, J., Verstegen, R., von Scheven, E., Vora, S., Wagner-Weiner, L., Wahezi, D., Waite, H., Walker, B., Walters, H., Waterfield, M., Waters, A., Weiser, P., Weiss, P., Weiss, J., Wershba, E., Westheuser, V., White, A., Widrick, K., Williams, C., Wong, S., Woolnough, L., Wright, T., Wu, E., Yalcindag, A., Yasin, S., Yeung, R., Yomogida, K., Zeft, A., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhu, A., Saper, Vivian E., Tian, Lu, Verstegen, Ruud H.J., Conrad, Carol K., Cidon, Michal, Hopper, Rachel K., Kuo, Christin S., Osoegawa, Kazutoyo, Baszis, Kevin, Bingham, Catherine A., Ferguson, Ian, Hahn, Timothy, Horne, Annacarin, Isupova, Eugenia A., Jones, Jordan T., Kasapcopur, Özgür, Klein-Gitelman, Marisa S., Kostik, Mikhail M., Ozen, Seza, Phadke, Omkar, Prahalad, Sampath, Randell, Rachel L., Sener, Seher, Stingl, Cory, Abdul-Aziz, Rabheh, Akoghlanian, Shoghik, Al Julandani, Dalila, Alvarez, Marcela B., Bader-Meunier, Brigitte, Balay-Dustrude, Erin E., Balboni, Imelda, Baxter, Sarah K., Berard, Roberta A., Bhattad, Sagar, Bolaria, Roxana, Boneparth, Alexis, Cassidy, Elaine A., Co, Dominic O., Collins, Kathleen P., Dancey, Paul, Dickinson, Aileen M., Edelheit, Barbara S., Espada, Graciela, Flanagan, Elaine R., Imundo, Lisa F., Jindal, Ankur K., Kim, Hyoun-Ah, Klaus, Günter, Lake, Carol, Lapin, W. Blaine, Lawson, Erica F., Marmor, Itay, Mombourquette, Joy, Ogunjimi, Benson, Olveda, Rebecca, Ombrello, Michael J., Onel, Karen, Poholek, Catherine, Ramanan, Athimalaipet V., Ravelli, Angelo, Reinhardt, Adam, Robinson, Amanda D., Rouster-Stevens, Kelly, Saad, Nadine, Schneider, Rayfel, Selmanovic, Velma, Sefic Pasic, Irmina, Shenoi, Susan, Shilo, Natalie R., Soep, Jennifer B., Sura, Angeli, Taber, Sarah F., Tesher, Melissa, Tibaldi, Jessica, Torok, Kathryn S., Tsin, Cathy Mei, Vasquez-Canizares, Natalia, Villacis Nunez, Diana S., Way, Emily E., Whitehead, Benjamin, Zemel, Lawrence S., Sharma, Surbhi, Fernández-Viña, Marcelo A., and Mellins, Elizabeth D.

Published
2024
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7. Convex floating bodies of equilibrium.

Author

Florentin, D. I., Schütt, C., Werner, E. M., and Zhang, N.

Subjects
*FLOATING bodies, *CONVEX bodies
Abstract

We study a long standing open problem by Ulam, which is whether the Euclidean ball is the unique body of uniform density which will float in equilibrium in any direction. We answer this problem in the class of origin symmetric n-dimensional convex bodies whose relative density to water is \frac {1}{2}. For n=3, this result is due to Falconer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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18. Enhancing the relationships between society, economy and ecology – The Sino-German co-operative projects on sustainable land use in a nutshell

Author

Sauerborn J. Becker K. Borriss R. Cai Z.C. Chen J., Clemens J., Cotter M., Cui T.N., Felbermeier B., Fischer C., Goldbach H., Heck P., Huang J.K., Langenberger, G., Makeschin F., Makkar H.P.S., Mosandl R., Mueller-Hansen K., Niemeyer B., Nieder R., Roelcke M., Schmidhalter U., Schütt C., Spiecker H., Wu J., Zhang F.S., Zhang W.L

Subjects
ddc:630, ddc
Published
2008

19. Micro-structured reactor screening of heterogeneous catalysts for high temperature selective oxidation: System design and benefit of quasi isothermal operation

Author

Van Veen, A.C., Haag, S., Hessel, V., Mirodatos, C., Pennemann, H., Hofmann, C., Schütt, C., IRCELYON, ProductionsScientifiques, Institut de recherches sur la catalyse (IRC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[CHIM.CATA] Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis
Published
2006

28. Recombination and disjunction in female germ cells of Drosophila depend on the germline activity of the gene sex-lethal.

Author

Bopp, D, Schütt, C, Puro, J, Huang, H, Nöthiger, R, Bopp, D, Schütt, C, Puro, J, Huang, H, and Nöthiger, R

Abstract

Gametogenesis in males and females differs in many ways. An important difference in Drosophila is that recombination between homologous chromosomes occurs only in female meiosis. Here, we report that this process relies on the correct functioning of Sex-lethal (Sxl) which is primarily known as the master gene in somatic sex determination. Certain alleles of this gene (Sxl(fs)) disrupt the germline, but not the somatic function of Sxl and cause an arrest of germ cell development during cystocyte proliferation. Using dominant suppressor mutations that relieve this early block in Sxl(fs) mutant females, we discovered additional requirements of Sxl for normal meiotic differentiation of the oocyte. Females mutant for Sxl(fs) and carrying a suppressor become fertile, but pairing of homologous chromosomes and formation of chiasmata is severely perturbed, resulting in an almost complete lack of recombinants and a high incidence of non-disjunction events. Similar results were obtained when germline expression of wild-type Sxl was compromised by mutations in virilizer (vir), a positive regulator of Sxl. Ectopic expression of a Sxl transgene in premeiotic stages of male germline development, on the other hand, is not sufficient to allow recombination to take place, which suggests that Sxl does not have a discriminatory role in this female-specific process. We propose that Sxl performs at least two tasks in oogenesis: an 'early' function in formation of the egg chamber, and a 'late' function in progression of the meiotic cell cycle, suggesting that both events are coordinated by a common mechanism.

Published
1999

29. Immunoprecipitation studies of monoclonal antibodies submitted to the 2. International Swine CD Workshop

Author

Aasted, B., Gori, K., Dominguez, J., Ezquerra, A., Bullido, R., Arn, S., Bianchi, A., Binns, R. M., Chu, R. M., Davis, W. C., Denham, S., Haverson, K., Jensen, K. T., Kim, Y. B., Magyar, A., Petersen, K. R., Saalmüller, A., Sachs, D. H., Schütt, C., Shimizu, M., Stokes, C. R., Whitfall, T., Yang, H., Zuckermann, F. A., Aasted, B., Gori, K., Dominguez, J., Ezquerra, A., Bullido, R., Arn, S., Bianchi, A., Binns, R. M., Chu, R. M., Davis, W. C., Denham, S., Haverson, K., Jensen, K. T., Kim, Y. B., Magyar, A., Petersen, K. R., Saalmüller, A., Sachs, D. H., Schütt, C., Shimizu, M., Stokes, C. R., Whitfall, T., Yang, H., and Zuckermann, F. A.

Published
1998

30. Overview of the Second International Workshop to define swine cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens

Author

Saalmüller, A., Pauly, T., Lunney, J. K., Boyd, P. C., Aasted, B., Sachs, D. H., Arn, S., Bianchi, A., Binns, R. M., Licence, S., Whyte, A., Blecha, A., Chen, Z., Chu, R. M., Davis, W. C., Denham, S., Yang, H., Whittall, T., Parkhouse, R. M. E., Dominguez, J., Ezquerra, A., Alonso, F., Horstick, G., Howard, C., Sopp, P., Kim, Y. B., Lipp, J., Mackay, C., Magyar, A., McCullough, K., Arriens, A., Summerfield, A., Murtaugh, M., Nielsen, J., Novikov, B., Pescovitz, M. D., Schuberth, H. J., Leibold, W., Schütt, C., Saalmüller, A., Pauly, T., Lunney, J. K., Boyd, P. C., Aasted, B., Sachs, D. H., Arn, S., Bianchi, A., Binns, R. M., Licence, S., Whyte, A., Blecha, A., Chen, Z., Chu, R. M., Davis, W. C., Denham, S., Yang, H., Whittall, T., Parkhouse, R. M. E., Dominguez, J., Ezquerra, A., Alonso, F., Horstick, G., Howard, C., Sopp, P., Kim, Y. B., Lipp, J., Mackay, C., Magyar, A., McCullough, K., Arriens, A., Summerfield, A., Murtaugh, M., Nielsen, J., Novikov, B., Pescovitz, M. D., Schuberth, H. J., Leibold, W., and Schütt, C.

Published
1998

31. Immunoprecipitation studies of monoclonal antibodies submitted to the Second International Swine CD Workshop

Author

Aasted, B., Gori, K., Domínguez, Javier, Ezquerra Martínez, Ángel, Bullido, R., Arn, S., Bianchi, A. T. J., Binns, R. M., Chu, R. M., Davis, William, Denham, S., Haverson, K., Jensen, K. T., Kim, Yoon Berm, Magyar, A., Petersen, K. R., Saalmüller, A., Sachs, David H., Schütt, C., Shimizu, M., Stokes, Christopher, Whittall, T., Yang, Huaizhi, Zuckermann, F., Aasted, B., Gori, K., Domínguez, Javier, Ezquerra Martínez, Ángel, Bullido, R., Arn, S., Bianchi, A. T. J., Binns, R. M., Chu, R. M., Davis, William, Denham, S., Haverson, K., Jensen, K. T., Kim, Yoon Berm, Magyar, A., Petersen, K. R., Saalmüller, A., Sachs, David H., Schütt, C., Shimizu, M., Stokes, Christopher, Whittall, T., Yang, Huaizhi, and Zuckermann, F.

Published
1998

32. Overview of the Second International Workshop to define Swine Cluster of Differentiation (CD) antigens

Author

Lee, Rogan [0000-0001-8364-9515], Mackay, Charles R. [0000-0002-6338-7340], Saalmüller, A., Pauly, T., Lunney, J. K., Boyd, P. C., Aasted, B., Sachs, David H., Arn, S., Bianchi, A. T. J., Binns, R. M., Licence, S., Whyte, A., Blecha, F., Chen, Zhang, Chu, R. M., Davis, William, Denham, S., Yang, Huaizhi, Whittall, T., Parkhouse, R. Michael, Domínguez, Javier, Ezquerra Martínez, Ángel, Alonso, Fernando, Horstick, G., Howard, C., Sopp, P., Kim, Yoon Berm, Lipp, J., Mackay, Charles R., Magyar, A., McCullough, Kenneth C., Arriens, A., Summerfield, A., Murtaugh, M., Nielsen, Jens, Novikov, B., Pescovitz, M. D., Schuberth, H. J., Leibold, W., Schütt, C., Shimizu, M., Stokes, Christopher, Haverson, K., Bailey, M., Tlaskalova, H., Trebichavsky, I., Valpotic, I., Walker, J., Lee, Rogan, Zuckermann, F., Lee, Rogan [0000-0001-8364-9515], Mackay, Charles R. [0000-0002-6338-7340], Saalmüller, A., Pauly, T., Lunney, J. K., Boyd, P. C., Aasted, B., Sachs, David H., Arn, S., Bianchi, A. T. J., Binns, R. M., Licence, S., Whyte, A., Blecha, F., Chen, Zhang, Chu, R. M., Davis, William, Denham, S., Yang, Huaizhi, Whittall, T., Parkhouse, R. Michael, Domínguez, Javier, Ezquerra Martínez, Ángel, Alonso, Fernando, Horstick, G., Howard, C., Sopp, P., Kim, Yoon Berm, Lipp, J., Mackay, Charles R., Magyar, A., McCullough, Kenneth C., Arriens, A., Summerfield, A., Murtaugh, M., Nielsen, Jens, Novikov, B., Pescovitz, M. D., Schuberth, H. J., Leibold, W., Schütt, C., Shimizu, M., Stokes, Christopher, Haverson, K., Bailey, M., Tlaskalova, H., Trebichavsky, I., Valpotic, I., Walker, J., Lee, Rogan, and Zuckermann, F.

Abstract

The aim of the Second International Swine. Cluster of Differentiation (CD) Workshop, supported by the Veterinary Immunology Committee (VIC) of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS), was to standardize the assignment of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) reactive with porcine leukocyte differentation antigens and to define new antibody clusters. At the summary meeting of the workshop in July, 1995, revisions in the existing nomenclature for Swine CD were approved, so that the rules are now in accord with those for human and ruminant CD. Swine CD numbers will now be given to clusters of mAb to swine orthologues of human CD molecules when homology is proven by (1) suitable tissue distribution and lymphoid cell subset expression, (2) appropriate molecular mass of the antigen recognized by the mAbs, and (3) reactivity of mAbs with the cloned swine gene products, or cross-reactivity of the mAb on the human gene products. In some cases, this reactivity would not be fully proven, mainly due to the lack of cloned gene products; for these CD antigens, the respective clusters will be assigned by the prefix 'w' which will lead to 'wCD' antigens. As a result of the Second International Swine CD Workshop the assignment of 16 mAb to existing CD groups (CD2a, CD4a, CD5a, wCD6, wCD8, CD14, CD18a, wCD21, wCD25) was confirmed, and 2 mAb to existing swine workshop clusters (SWC). More importantly, for the work on the porcine immune system, was the definition of 5 new swine CD antigens, namely CD3 (recognized by 6 new mAb and 3 epitopes), CD16 (1 new mAb), wCD29 (2 mAb), CD45RA (3 mAb) and CD45RC (1 new mAb). Finally, the demarcation of two new SWC molecules in swine, SWC8 (2 mAb) and SWC9 (2 mAb) was confirmed.

Published
1998

41. Overview of the Second International Workshop to define swine cluster of differentiation (CD) antigens

Author

Saalmüller, A, primary, Pauly, T, additional, Lunney, J.K, additional, Boyd, Pat, additional, Aasted, B, additional, Sachs, D.H, additional, Arn, S, additional, Bianchi, A, additional, Binns, R.M, additional, Licence, S, additional, Whyte, A, additional, Blecha, F, additional, Chen, Z, additional, Chu, R.M, additional, Davis, W.C, additional, Denham, S, additional, Yang, H, additional, Whittall, T, additional, Parkhouse, R.M, additional, Dominguez, J, additional, Ezquerra, A, additional, Alonso, F, additional, Horstick, G, additional, Howard, C, additional, Sopp, P, additional, Kim, Y.B, additional, Lipp, J, additional, Mackay, C, additional, Magyar, A, additional, McCullough, K, additional, Arriens, A, additional, Summerfield, A, additional, Murtaugh, M, additional, Nielsen, J, additional, Novikov, B, additional, Pescovitz, M.D, additional, Schuberth, H.J, additional, Leibold, W, additional, Schütt, C, additional, Shimizu, M, additional, Stokes, C, additional, Haverson, K, additional, Bailey, M, additional, Tlaskalova, H, additional, Trebichavsky, I, additional, Valpotic, I, additional, Walker, J, additional, Lee, R, additional, and Zuckermann, F, additional

Published
1998
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48. Treatment with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is associated with reduced indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity and kynurenine pathway catabolites in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.

Author

Schefold JC, Zeden J, Pschowski R, Hammoud B, Fotopoulou C, Hasper D, Fusch G, Von Haehling S, Volk H, Meisel C, Schütt C, and Reinke P

Abstract

The immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) controls tryptophan metabolism and is induced by pro-inflammatory stimuli. We investigated whether immunostimulatory treatment with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) influences IDO activity and tryptophan metabolism in sepsis. Thirty-six patients with severe sepsis/septic shock and sepsis-associated immunosuppression (assessed using monocytic human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR) expression) were assessed in a controlled trial of GM-CSF or placebo treatment for 8 days. Using tandem mass spectrometry, levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid, 5-hydroxytryptophan, serotonin, and estimated IDO activity were determined in a blinded fashion over a 9-day interval. At baseline, tryptophan and metabolite levels did not differ between the study groups. Although tryptophan levels were unchanged in both groups over the treatment interval (all p>0.8), IDO activity was markedly reduced after GM-CSF treatment (35.4 ± 21.0 vs 21.6 ±9.9 (baseline vs day 9), p = 0.02). IDO activity differed significantly between the 2 groups after therapy ( p = 0.03). Metabolites downstream of IDO (kynurenine, quinolinic acid, kynurenic acid) were all induced in sepsis and declined in the GM-CSF group, but not in controls. Serotonin pathway metabolites remained unchanged in both groups (all p>0.15). Moreover, IDO activity correlated with procalcitonin ( p< 0.0001, r = 0.56) and mHLA-DR levels ( p = 0.005, r = -0.28) in the overall samples group. Thus, GM-CSF therapy is associated with decreased IDO activity and reduced kynurenine pathway catabolites in sepsis. This may be due to an improved antibacterial defence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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50. Detrimental role for CD4+ lymphocytes in murine diffuse peritonitis due to inhibition of local bacterial elimination.

Author

Busse, M., Traeger, T., Pötschke, C., Billing, A., Dummer, A., Friebe, E., Kiank, C., Grunwald, U., Jack, R. S., Schütt, C., Heidecke, C-D ., Maier, S., and Bröker, B. M.

Subjects
CD4 antigen, T cells, LYMPHOCYTES, LABORATORY rats, PERITONITIS, SEPSIS
Abstract

Background: Abdominal sepsis due to intestinal leakage of endogenous gut bacteria is a life-threatening condition. In healthy individuals, T lymphocytes have essential functions in balancing the immune response to the commensal gut flora. Aim: To determine how T lymphocytes shape the process of diffuse faecal peritonitis. Methods: In colon ascendens stent peritonitis (CASP), a clinically relevant mouse model of diffuse peritonitis, the kinetics of systemic T cell activation were investigated by assessment of activation markers. CD4+ T cells were then depleted with monoclonal antibodies, and survival, bacterial dissemination and cytokine concentrations were measured. T cell receptor signalling was blocked with tacrolimus. Results: In diffuse peritonitis, CD4+ T cells, both Foxp3- and Foxp3+, became systemically involved within hours and upregulated CTLA-4 and other activation markers. Depletion of the CD4+ T cells enhanced local bacterial clearance from the peritoneal cavity, reduced bacterial dissemination and improved survival. This was accompanied by increased immigration of granulocytes and macrophages into the peritoneum, indicating that CD4+ T cells inhibit the local innate immune response. Blockade of T cell receptor (TCR) signalling by tacrolimus did not influence the survival in this peritonitis model, showing that the inhibitory effects of the CD4+ T lymphocytes were independent of TCR-mediated antigen recognition. Conclusion: In diffuse peritonitis caused by commensal gut bacteria the CD4+ T lymphocytes exert a net negative effect on the local anti-bacterial defence, and thereby contribute to bacterial dissemination and poor outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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