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1. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in select countries - volume 2

Author

Saraswat, V, Norris, S, de Knegt, Rob, Sanchez Avila, JF, Sonderup, M, Zuckerman, E, Arkkila, P, Stedman, C, Acharya, S, Aho, I, Anand, AC, Andersson, MI, Arendt, V, Baatarkhuu, O, Barclay, K, Ben-Ari, Z, Bergin, C, Bessone, F, Blach, S, Blokhina, N, Brunton, CR, Choudhuri, G, Chulanov, V, Cisneros, L, Croes, EA (Esther), Dahgwahdorj, YA, Dalgard, O, Daruich, JR, Dashdorj, NR, Davaadorj, D, de Vree, M, Estes, C, Flisiak, R, Gadano, AC, Gane, E, Halota, W, Hatzakis, A, Henderson, C, Hoffmann, P, Hornell, J, Houlihan, D, Hrusovsky, S, Jarcuska, P, Kershenobich, D, Kostrzewska, K, Kristian, P, Leshno, M, Lurie, Y, Mahomed, A, Mamonova, N, Mendez-Sanchez, N, Mossong, J, Nurmukhametova, E, Nymadawa, P, Oltman, M, Oyunbileg, J, Oyunsuren, T, Papatheodoridis, G, Pimenov, N, Prabdial-Sing, N, Prins, M, Puri, P, Radke, S, Rakhmanova, A, Razavi, H, Razavi-Shearer, K, Reesink, HW, Ridruejo, E, Safadi, R, Sagalova, O, Sanduijav, R, Schreter, I, Seguin-Devaux, C, Shah, SR, Shestakova, I, Shevaldin, A, Shibolet, O, Sokolov, S, Souliotis, K, Spearman, CW, Staub, T, Strebkova, EA, Struck, D, Tomasiewicz, K, Undram, L, van der Meer, Adriaan, van Santen, D, Veldhuijzen, I, Villamil, FG, Willemse, S, Zuure, FR, Silva, MO, Sypsa, V, Gower, E, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Infectious diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School, Other departments, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, and Epidemiology

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Male, Adolescent, Hepatology, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Middle Aged, Global Health, Antiviral Agents, Drug Utilization, Liver Transplantation, Young Adult, Infectious Diseases, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Child, Preschool, Virology, Prevalence, Humans, Female, Child, Aged
Abstract

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver related morbidity and mortality. In many countries, there is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data that are crucial in implementing disease control measures as new treatment options become available. Published literature, unpublished data and expert consensus were used to determine key parameters, including prevalence, viremia, genotype and the number of patients diagnosed and treated. In this study of 15 countries, viremic prevalence ranged from 0.13% in the Netherlands to 2.91% in Russia. The largest viremic populations were in India (8 666 000 cases) and Russia (4 162 000 cases). In most countries, males had a higher rate of infections, likely due to higher rates of injection drug use (IDU). Estimates characterizing the infected population are critical to focus screening and treatment efforts as new therapeutic options become available.

Published
2015

2. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study.

Author

Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Opio C.K., Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., and Opio C.K.

Abstract

Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Method(s): In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Finding(s): We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3.9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3.4-4.6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000-341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4.8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1.8 (1.6-2.2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1.4% (1.2-1.6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation(s): Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentia

Published
2018

3. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study

Author

Blach, S. Zeuzem, S. Manns, M. Altraif, I. Duberg, A.-S. Muljono, D.H. Waked, I. Alavian, S.M. Lee, M.-H. Negro, F. Abaalkhail, F. Abdou, A. Abdulla, M. Abou Rached, A. Aho, I. Akarca, U. Al Ghazzawi, I. Al Kaabi, S. Al Lawati, F. Al Namaani, K. Al Serkal, Y. Al-Busafi, S.A. Al-Dabal, L. Aleman, S. Alghamdi, A.S. Aljumah, A.A. Al-Romaihi, H.E. Andersson, M.I. Arendt, V. Arkkila, P. Assiri, A.M. Baatarkhuu, O. Bane, A. Ben-Ari, Z. Bergin, C. Bessone, F. Bihl, F. Bizri, A.R. Blachier, M. Blasco, A.J. Brandao Mello, C.E. Bruggmann, P. Brunton, C.R. Calinas, F. Chan, H.L.Y. Chaudhry, A. Cheinquer, H. Chen, C.-J. Chien, R.-N. Choi, M.S. Christensen, P.B. Chuang, W.-L. Chulanov, V. Cisneros, L. Clausen, M.R. Cramp, M.E. Craxi, A. Croes, E.A. Dalgard, O. Daruich, J.R. De Ledinghen, V. Dore, G.J. El-Sayed, M.H. Ergor, G. Esmat, G. Estes, C. Falconer, K. Farag, E. Ferraz, M.L.G. Ferreira, P.R. Flisiak, R. Frankova, S. Gamkrelidze, I. Gane, E. Garcia-Samaniego, J. Khan, A.G. Gountas, I. Goldis, A. Gottfredsson, M. Grebely, J. Gschwantler, M. Guimaraes Pessoa, M. Gunter, J. Hajarizadeh, B. Hajelssedig, O. Hamid, S. Hamoudi, W. Hatzakis, A. Himatt, S.M. Hofer, H. Hrstic, I. Hui, Y.-T. Hunyady, B. Idilman, R. Jafri, W. Jahis, R. Janjua, N.Z. Jarčuška, P. Jeruma, A. Jonasson, J.G. Kamel, Y. Kao, J.-H. Kaymakoglu, S. Kershenobich, D. Khamis, J. Kim, Y.S. Kondili, L. Koutoubi, Z. Krajden, M. Krarup, H. Lai, M.-S. Laleman, W. Lao, W.-C. Lavanchy, D. Lazaro, P. Leleu, H. Lesi, O. Lesmana, L.A. Li, M. Liakina, V. Lim, Y.-S. Luksic, B. Mahomed, A. Maimets, M. Makara, M. Malu, A.O. Marinho, R.T. Marotta, P. Mauss, S. Memon, M.S. Mendes Correa, M.C. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Merat, S. Metwally, A.M. Mohamed, R. Moreno, C. Mourad, F.H. Mullhaupt, B. Murphy, K. Nde, H. Njouom, R. Nonkovic, D. Norris, S. Obekpa, S. Oguche, S. Olafsson, S. Oltman, M. Omede, O. Omuemu, C. Opare-Sem, O. Ovrehus, A.L.H. Owusu-Ofori, S. Oyunsuren, T.S. Papatheodoridis, G. Pasini, K. Peltekian, K.M. Phillips, R.O. Pimenov, N. Poustchi, H. Prabdial-Sing, N. Qureshi, H. Ramji, A. Razavi-Shearer, D. Razavi-Shearer, K. Redae, B. Reesink, H.W. Ridruejo, E. Robbins, S. Roberts, L.R. Roberts, S.K. Rosenberg, W.M. Roudot-Thoraval, F. Ryder, S.D. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. Salupere, R. Sanai, F.M. Sanchez Avila, J.F. Saraswat, V. Sarmento-Castro, R. Sarrazin, C. Schmelzer, J.D. Schreter, I. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S.R. Sharara, A.I. Sharma, M. Shevaldin, A. Shiha, G.E. Sievert, W. Sonderup, M. Souliotis, K. Speiciene, D. Sperl, J. Starkel, P. Stauber, R.E. Stedman, C. Struck, D. Su, T.-H. Sypsa, V. Tan, S.-S. Tanaka, J. Thompson, A.J. Tolmane, I. Tomasiewicz, K. Valantinas, J. Van Damme, P. Van Der Meer, A.J. Van Thiel, I. Van Vlierberghe, H. Vince, A. Vogel, W. Wedemeyer, H. Weis, N. Wong, V.W.S. Yaghi, C. Yosry, A. Yuen, M.-F. Yunihastuti, E. Yusuf, A. Zuckerman, E. Razavi, H. The Polaris Observatory HCV Collaborators

Abstract

Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of—and expansion on—the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64–103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8–1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5–79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Published
2017

4. Impact of Safety-Related Dose Reductions or Discontinuations on Sustained Virologic Response in HCV-Infected Patients: Results from the GUARD-C Cohort

Author

GUARD C, Study Group, Hassanein, T, Bakalos, G, Ahlers, S, Shiffman, Ml, Tallarico, L, Reddy, Kr, Orlandini, A, Ferenci, P, Derbala, M, Coppola, C, Foster, Gr, Basho, J, Shabanaj, G, Harxhi, A, Debzi, N, Afredj, N, Guessab, N, Mahindad, N, Mahiou, H, Aissaoui, M, Al Qameesh, J, Al Ghandoor, Z, Assene, C, Bastens, B, Brixko, C, Cool, M, De Galocsy, C, Delwaide, J, George, C, Laukens, P, Lefebvre, V, Mulkay, Jp, Nevens, F, Servais, B, Van Vlierberghe, H, Horsmans, Y, Henrion, J, Sprengers, D, Michielsen, P, Bourgeois, S, Lasser, L, Langlet, P, Robaeys, G, Martinet, Jp, Warzee, P, Hoste, P, Reynaert, H, Juriens, I, Decaestecker, J, Van Der Meersch, F, Janssens, F, Ahmetagic, S, Verhaz, A, Bevanda, M, Calkic, L, Ibrahimpasic, N, Mesihovic, R, Mello, Ce, Ruiz, Fj, Martins Junior, E, Ferraz, Ml, Silva, G, Mendes, C, Lyra, A, Silva, Mh, Gomide, G, Fernandes, Jc, Pereira, P, Correa, Mc, Teixeira, R, Yousry, A, Hanno, A, Gabr, M, Omar, A, Esmat, G, Karatapanis, S, Nikolopoulou, V, Giannoulis, G, Manolakopoulos, S, Elefsiniotis, I, Drakoulis, C, Dimitroulopoulos, D, Kanatakis, S, Ketikoglou, I, Mimidis, K, Evgenidis, N, Akriviades, E, Vafiadi Zoubouli, I, Tsianos, E, Mela, M, Orfanou, E, Mousoulis, G, Karagiannis, I, Manesis, E, Varga, M, Nemesánszky, E, Fried, K, Schuller, J, Szalay, F, Lengyel, G, Tornai, I, Banyai, T, Lesch, M, Nagy, I, Gervain, J, Tusnadi, A, Schneider, F, Szentgyörgyi, L, Hunyady, B, Vincze, A, Tolvaj, G, Varkonyi, I, Makkai, E, Enyedi, J, Racz, I, Hausinger, P, Váczi, Z, Patai, Á, Ozsvár, Z, Lakner, L, Ribiczey, P, Bhalla, A, Somani, S, Luaia, R, Rao, P, Philip, M, Lawate, P, Nagral, A, Sood, A, Parikh, S, Merat, S, Nassiri Toosi, M, Alavian, Sm, Zali, Mr, Daryani, Ne, Drenaggi, D, Attili, Af, Bandiera, F, Bassi, P, Bellati, G, Bellantani, S, Brunetto, MAURIZIA ROSSANA, Bruno, S, Castelli, F, Castellacci, R, Cattelan, Am, Colombo, M, Craxi, A, D'Angelo, S, Colombo, S, Demelia, L, Di Perri, G, Di Giacomo, A, Ferrari, C, Francisci, D, Casinelli, K, Ganga, R, Costa, C, Mangia, A, Russo, Fp, Matarazzo, F, Mazzella, G, Mazzeo, M, Memoli, M, Montalbano, M, Montalto, G, Pieri, A, Passariello, N, Picciotto, A, Pietrangelo, A, Pirisi, M, Quirino, T, Raimondo, G, Rapaccini, Gl, Rizzardini, G, Rizzetto, M, Russello, M, Sabusco, G, Santantonio, T, Soardo, G, Amedea, A, Verucchi, G, Vinelli, F, Zignego, Al, Zuin, M, Ascione, A, Vinci, M, Pigozzi, Mg, Tundo, P, Saracco, Gm, Amoroso, P, Andreoni, M, Colletta, C, Erne, E, Megna, As, Biglino, A, Chiriaco, P, Foti, G, Spinzi, G, D'Amico, E, Paik, Sw, Ahn, Sh, Lee, Yn, Kim, Y, Yang, J, Han, Sy, Varghese, R, Al Gharabally, A, Askar, H, Sharara, A, Yaghi, C, Rached, Aa, Houmani, Z, Zaarour, F, Dohaibi, A, Ivanovski, L, Joksimovic, N, Abbas, Z, Memon, S, Mohsin, A, Masood, S, Hashmi, Z, Halota, W, Deron, Z, Mazur, W, Flisiak, R, Lipczynski, A, Musialik, J, Piekarska, A, Augustyniak, K, Baka Cwierz, B, Simon, K, Gietka, A, Berak, H, Sieklucki, J, Radowska, D, Szlauer, B, Piekos, T, Olszok, I, Jablkowski, M, Orszulak, G, Warakomska, I, Aleixo, Mj, Valente, C, Macedo, G, Sarmento Castro, R, Roxo, F, Faria, T, Mansinho, K, Velez, J, Ramos, Jp, Guerreiro, H, Alberto, S, Monteverde, C, Serejo, F, Peixe, P, Malhado, J, Curescu, M, Streinu Cercel, A, Caruntu, F, Livia, H, Preotescu, L, Arama, V, Ancuta, I, Gheorghe, L, Stanciu, C, Trifan, A, Acalovschi, M, Andreica, V, Pascu, O, Lencu, M, Sporea, I, Olteanu, D, Ionita Radu, F, Fierbinteanu Braticevici, C, Motoc, A, Silaghi, R, Musat, M, Coman, F, Stan, M, Cijevschi, C, Miftode, E, Delic, D, Jesic, R, Nozic, D, Svorcan, P, Fabri, M, Konstantinovic, L, Pelemis, M, Jankovic, G, Todorovic, Z, Nagorni, A, Kupcova, V, Skladany, L, Szantova, M, Krkoska, D, Jarcuska, P, Schreter, I, Oltman, M, Bocakova, J, Bunganic, I, Holoman, J, Giguere, A, Abdou, A. M., Basic (bio-) Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology, Laboratory of Molecullar and Cellular Therapy, Liver Cell Biology, Michielsen, Peter, GUARD-C Study Group, Graham R. Foster, Carmine Coppola, Moutaz Derbala, Peter Ferenci, Alessandra Orlandini, K. Rajender Reddy, Ludovico Tallarico, Mitchell L. Shiffman, Silke Ahler, Georgios Bakalo, Tarek Hassanein, GUARD-C Study Group: [.., Davide Drenaggi, Adolfo Francesco Attili, Franco Bandiera, Paolo Bassi, Giorgio Bellati, Stefano Bellantani, Maurizia Brunetto, Savino Bruno, Francesco Castelli, Roberto Castellacci, Anna Maria Cattelan, Massimo Colombo, Antonio Craxi, Salvatore D'angelo, Silvia Colombo, Luigi Demelia, Giovanni Di Perri, Antonio Di Giacomo, Carlo Ferrari, Daniela Francisci, Katia Casinelli, Roberto Ganga, Chiara Costa, Alessandra Mangia, Francesco Paolo Russo, Filippo Matarazzo, Giuseppe Mazzella, Maurizio Mazzeo, Massimo Memoli, Marzia Montalbano, Giuseppe Montalto, Alessandro Pieri, Nicola Passariello, Antonio Picciotto, Antonello Pietrangelo, Mario Pirisi, Tiziana Quirino, Giovanni Raimondo, Gian Ludovico Rapaccini, Giuliano Rizzardini, Mario Rizzetto, Maurizio Russello, Giuseppe Sabusco, Teresa Santantonio, Giorgio Soardo, Alessandri Amedea, Gabriella Verucchi, Francesco Vinelli, Anna Linda Zignego, Massimo Zuin, Antonio Ascione, Maria Vinci, Maria Graziella Pigozzi, Paolo Tundo, Giorgio Maria Saracco, Pietro Amoroso, Massimo Andreoni, Cosimo Colletta, Elke Erne, Angelo Salomone Megna, Alberto Biglino, Piergiorgio Chiriaco, Giuseppe Foti, Giancarlo Spinzi, Emilio D'amico, …], Foster G.R., Coppola C., Derbala M., Ferenci P., Orlandini A., Reddy K.R., Tallarico L., Shiffman M.L., Ahlers S., Bakalos G., Hassanein T., Basho J., Shabanaj G., Harxhi A., Debzi N., Afredj N., Guessab N., Mahindad N., Mahiou H., Aissaoui M., Al Qameesh J., Al Ghandoor Z., Assene C., Bastens B., Brixko C., Cool M., De Galocsy C., Delwaide J., George C., Laukens P., Lefebvre V., Mulkay J.-P., Nevens F., Servais B., Van Vlierberghe H., Horsmans Y., Henrion J., Sprengers D., Michielsen P., Bourgeois S., Lasser L., Langlet P., Robaeys G., Martinet J.-P., Warzee P., Hoste P., Reynaert H., Juriens I., Decaestecker J., Van Der Meersch F., Janssens F., Ahmetagic S., Verhaz A., Bevanda M., Calkic L., Ibrahimpasic N., Mesihovic R., Mello C.E., Ruiz F.J., Junior E.M., Ferraz M.L., Silva G., Mendes C., Lyra A., Silva M.H., Gomide G., Fernandes J.C., Pereira P., Correa M.C., Teixeira R., Yousry A., Hanno A., Gabr M., Omar A., Esmat G., Karatapanis S., Nikolopoulou V., Giannoulis G., Manolakopoulos S., Elefsiniotis I., Drakoulis C., Dimitroulopoulos D., Kanatakis S., Ketikoglou I., Mimidis K., Evgenidis N., Akriviades E., Vafiadi-Zoubouli I., Tsianos E., Mela M., Orfanou E., Mousoulis G., Karagiannis I., Manesis E., Varga M., Nemesanszky E., Fried K., Schuller J., Szalay F., Lengyel G., Tornai I., Banyai T., Lesch M., Nagy I., Gervain J., Tusnadi A., Schneider F., Szentgyorgyi L., Hunyady B., Vincze A., Tolvaj G., Varkonyi I., Makkai E., Enyedi J., Racz I., Hausinger P., Vaczi Z., Patai A., Ozsvar Z., Lakner L., Ribiczey P., Bhalla A., Somani S., Luaia R., Rao P., Philip M., Lawate P., Nagral A., Sood A., Parikh S., Merat S., Nassiri-Toosi M., Alavian S.-M., Zali M.R., Daryani N.E., Drenaggi D., Attili A.F., Bandiera F., Bassi P., Bellati G., Bellantani S., Brunetto M., Bruno S., Castelli F., Castellacci R., Cattelan A.M., Colombo M., Craxi A., D'angelo S., Colombo S., Demelia L., Di Perri G., Di Giacomo A., Ferrari C., Francisci D., Casinelli K., Ganga R., Costa C., Mangia A., Russo F.P., Matarazzo F., Mazzella G., Mazzeo M., Memoli M., Montalbano M., Montalto G., Pieri A., Passariello N., Picciotto A., Pietrangelo A., Pirisi M., Quirino T., Raimondo G., Rapaccini G.L., Rizzardini G., Rizzetto M., Russello M., Sabusco G., Santantonio T., Soardo G., Amedea A., Verucchi G., Vinelli F., Zignego A.L., Zuin M., Ascione A., Vinci M., Pigozzi M.G., Tundo P., Saracco G.M., Amoroso P., Andreoni M., Colletta C., Erne E., Megna A.S., Biglino A., Chiriaco P., Foti G., Spinzi G., D'amico E., Paik S.W., Ahn S.-H., Lee Y.N., Kim Y., Yang J., Han S.Y., Varghese R., Al Gharabally A., Askar H., Sharara A., Yaghi C., Abou Rached A., Houmani Z., Zaarour F., Dohaibi A., Ivanovski L., Joksimovic N., Abbas Z., Memon S., Mohsin A., Masood S., Hashmi Z., Halota W., Deron Z., Mazur W., Flisiak R., Lipczynski A., Musialik J., Piekarska A., Augustyniak K., Baka-Cwierz B., Simon K., Gietka A., Berak H., Sieklucki J., Radowska D., Szlauer B., Piekos T., Olszok I., Jablkowski M., Orszulak G., Warakomska I., Aleixo M.J., Valente C., Macedo G., Sarmento-Castro R., Roxo F., Faria T., Mansinho K., Velez J., Ramos J.P., Guerreiro H., Alberto S., Monteverde C., Serejo F., Peixe P., Malhado J., Curescu M., Streinu-Cercel A., Caruntu F., Livia H., Preotescu L., Arama V., Ancuta I., Gheorghe L., Stanciu C., Trifan A., Acalovschi M., Andreica V., Pascu O., Lencu M., Sporea I., Olteanu D., Ionita-Radu F., Fierbinteanu-Braticevici C., Motoc A., Silaghi R., Musat M., Coman F., Stan M., Cijevschi C., Miftode E., Delic D., Jesic R., Nozic D., Svorcan P., Fabri M., Konstantinovic L., Pelemis M., Jankovic G., Todorovic Z., Nagorni A., Kupcova V., Skladany L., Szantova M., Krkoska D., Jarcuska P., Schreter I., Oltman M., Bocakova J., Bunganic I., Holoman J., Giguere A., Abdou A.M.S., UCL - SSS/IREC-Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique, UCL - SSS/IREC/GAEN-Pôle d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie, and UCL - (SLuc) Service de gastro-entérologie

Subjects
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Male, Chronic Hepatitis, Hepacivirus, Ribavirin/adverse effects, Asthenia/chemically induced, Polyethylene Glycol, Biochemistry, Polyethylene Glycols, Body Mass Index, Chronic Liver Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Neutropenia/chemically induced, Interferon-alpha/adverse effects, Medicine, Chronic, lcsh:Science, Liver Diseases, virus diseases, Antiviral Agents/adverse effects, Cohort, Science & Technology - Other Topics, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Cohort study, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Alpha interferon, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antiviral Agents, Microbiology, Dose-Response Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacotherapy, Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy, Dose Prediction Methods, Drug Therapy, Anemia/chemically induced, Humans, Hemoglobin, Aged, Medicine and health sciences, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Hepaciviru, Science & Technology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Flaviviruses, lcsh:R, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Proteins, medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, chemistry, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Withholding Treatment, Asthenia, Immunology, Proportional Hazards Model, lcsh:Q, Human medicine, RNA viruses, Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, Peginterferon-alfa, Polyethylene Glycols/adverse effects, Adult, Anemia, Cohort Studies, Female, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Interferon-alpha, Middle Aged, Neutropenia, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Proportional Hazards Models, RNA, Viral, Recombinant Proteins, Ribavirin, Medicine (all), chemistry.chemical_compound, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Medicine and Health Sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, Pathology and laboratory medicine, Multidisciplinary, biology, Hepatitis C virus, Pharmaceutics, Hepatitis C, Hematology, Recombinant Protein, Outcome Assessment (Health Care)/methods, Medical microbiology, Host-Pathogen Interaction, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Physiological Parameters, Research Design, Combination, Viruses, Drug, Pathogens, Host-Pathogen Interactions/drug effects, Research Article, Clinical Research Design, Research and Analysis Methods, Internal medicine, Recombinant Proteins/adverse effects, RNA, Viral/blood, Antiviral Agent, business.industry, Body Weight, Hepacivirus/drug effects, Viral pathogens, biology.organism_classification, Hepatitis viruses, Microbial pathogens, RNA, Adverse Events, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Background: Despite the introduction of direct-acting antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, peginterferon alfa/ribavirin remains relevant in many resource-constrained settings. The non-randomized GUARD-C cohort investigated baseline predictors of safety-related dose reductions or discontinuations (sr-RD) and their impact on sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients receiving peginterferon alfa/ribavirin in routine practice. Methods: A total of 3181 HCV-mono-infected treatment-naive patients were assigned to 24 or 48 weeks of peginterferon alfa/ribavirin by their physician. Patients were categorized by time-to-first sr-RD (Week 4/12). Detailed analyses of the impact of sr-RD on SVR24 (HCV RNA

Published
2015

5. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: A modelling study.

Author

Farag E., De Ledinghen V., Dore G.J., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Peltekian K.M., Phillips R.O., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Prabdial-Sing N., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer D., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Ridruejo E., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Rosenberg W.M., Roudot-Thoraval F., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarmento-Castro R., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shevaldin A., Shiha G.E., Sonderup M., Souliotis K., Speiciene D., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stauber R.E., Stedman C., Struck D., Su T.-H., Sypsa V., Tan S.-S., Tanaka J., Thompson A.J., Tolmane I., Tomasiewicz K., Valantinas J., Van Damme P., Van Der Meer A.J., Van Thiel I., Van Vlierberghe H., Vince A., Vogel W., Wedemeyer H., Weis N., Wong V.W.S., Yaghi C., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yunihastuti E., Yusuf A., Zuckerman E., Razavi H., Sievert W., Blach S., Zeuzem S., Manns M., Altraif I., Duberg A.-S., Muljono D.H., Waked I., Alavian S.M., Lee M.-H., Negro F., Abaalkhail F., Abdou A., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ghazzawi I., Al Kaabi S., Al Lawati F., Al Namaani K., Al Serkal Y., Al-Busafi S.A., Al-Dabal L., Aleman S., Alghamdi A.S., Aljumah A.A., Al-Romaihi H.E., Andersson M.I., Arendt V., Arkkila P., Assiri A.M., Baatarkhuu O., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Bergin C., Bessone F., Bihl F., Bizri A.R., Blachier M., Blasco A.J., Brandao Mello C.E., Bruggmann P., Brunton C.R., Calinas F., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Cheinquer H., Chen C.-J., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Cisneros L., Clausen M.R., Cramp M.E., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Dalgard O., Daruich J.R., El-Sayed M.H., Ergor G., Esmat G., Estes C., Falconer K., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gamkrelidze I., Gane E., Garcia-Samaniego J., Khan A.G., Gountas I., Goldis A., Gottfredsson M., Grebely J., Gschwantler M., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Gunter J., Hajarizadeh B., Hajelssedig O., Hamid S., Hamoudi W., Hatzakis A., Himatt S.M., Hofer H., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T., Hunyady B., Idilman R., Jafri W., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuska P., Jeruma A., Jonasson J.G., Kamel Y., Kao J.-H., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Khamis J., Kim Y.S., Kondili L., Koutoubi Z., Krajden M., Krarup H., Lai M.-S., Laleman W., Lao W.-C., Lavanchy D., Lazaro P., Leleu H., Lesi O., Lesmana L.A., Li M., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S., Luksic B., Mahomed A., Maimets M., Makara M., Malu A.O., Marinho R.T., Marotta P., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Moreno C., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Nde H., Njouom R., Nonkovic D., Norris S., Obekpa S., Oguche S., Olafsson S., Oltman M., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Ovrehus A.L.H., Owusu-Ofori S., Oyunsuren T.S., Farag E., De Ledinghen V., Dore G.J., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Peltekian K.M., Phillips R.O., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Prabdial-Sing N., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer D., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Ridruejo E., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Rosenberg W.M., Roudot-Thoraval F., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarmento-Castro R., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shevaldin A., Shiha G.E., Sonderup M., Souliotis K., Speiciene D., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stauber R.E., Stedman C., Struck D., Su T.-H., Sypsa V., Tan S.-S., Tanaka J., Thompson A.J., Tolmane I., Tomasiewicz K., Valantinas J., Van Damme P., Van Der Meer A.J., Van Thiel I., Van Vlierberghe H., Vince A., Vogel W., Wedemeyer H., Weis N., Wong V.W.S., Yaghi C., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yunihastuti E., Yusuf A., Zuckerman E., Razavi H., Sievert W., Blach S., Zeuzem S., Manns M., Altraif I., Duberg A.-S., Muljono D.H., Waked I., Alavian S.M., Lee M.-H., Negro F., Abaalkhail F., Abdou A., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ghazzawi I., Al Kaabi S., Al Lawati F., Al Namaani K., Al Serkal Y., Al-Busafi S.A., Al-Dabal L., Aleman S., Alghamdi A.S., Aljumah A.A., Al-Romaihi H.E., Andersson M.I., Arendt V., Arkkila P., Assiri A.M., Baatarkhuu O., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Bergin C., Bessone F., Bihl F., Bizri A.R., Blachier M., Blasco A.J., Brandao Mello C.E., Bruggmann P., Brunton C.R., Calinas F., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Cheinquer H., Chen C.-J., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Cisneros L., Clausen M.R., Cramp M.E., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Dalgard O., Daruich J.R., El-Sayed M.H., Ergor G., Esmat G., Estes C., Falconer K., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gamkrelidze I., Gane E., Garcia-Samaniego J., Khan A.G., Gountas I., Goldis A., Gottfredsson M., Grebely J., Gschwantler M., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Gunter J., Hajarizadeh B., Hajelssedig O., Hamid S., Hamoudi W., Hatzakis A., Himatt S.M., Hofer H., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T., Hunyady B., Idilman R., Jafri W., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuska P., Jeruma A., Jonasson J.G., Kamel Y., Kao J.-H., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Khamis J., Kim Y.S., Kondili L., Koutoubi Z., Krajden M., Krarup H., Lai M.-S., Laleman W., Lao W.-C., Lavanchy D., Lazaro P., Leleu H., Lesi O., Lesmana L.A., Li M., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S., Luksic B., Mahomed A., Maimets M., Makara M., Malu A.O., Marinho R.T., Marotta P., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Moreno C., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Nde H., Njouom R., Nonkovic D., Norris S., Obekpa S., Oguche S., Olafsson S., Oltman M., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Ovrehus A.L.H., Owusu-Ofori S., and Oyunsuren T.S.

Abstract

Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of-and expansion on-the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64-103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1.0% (95% uncertainty interval 0.8-1.1) in 2015, corresponding to 71.1 million (62.5-79.4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Published
2017

6. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections with today's treatment paradigm - volume 2

Author

Hatzakis, A. Chulanov, V. Gadano, A. C. Bergin, C. and Ben-Ari, Z. Mossong, J. Schreter, I. Baatarkhuu, O. and Acharya, S. Aho, I. Anand, A. C. Andersson, M. I. and Arendt, V. Arkkila, P. Barclay, K. Bessone, F. Blach, S. and Blokhina, N. Brunton, C. R. Choudhuri, G. Cisneros, L. and Croes, E. A. Dahgwahdorj, Y. A. Dalgard, O. Daruich, J. R. Dashdorj, N. R. Davaadorj, D. de Knegt, R. J. de Vree, M. Estes, C. Flisiak, R. Gane, E. Gower, E. and Halota, W. Henderson, C. Hoffmann, P. Hornell, J. and Houlihan, D. Hrusovsky, S. Jarcuska, P. Kershenobich, D. and Kostrzewska, K. Kristian, P. Leshno, M. Lurie, Y. and Mahomed, A. Mamonova, N. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Norris, S. and Nurmukhametova, E. Nymadawa, P. Oltman, M. Oyunbileg, J. and Oyunsuren, Ts. Papatheodoridis, G. Pimenov, N. and Prabdial-Sing, N. Prins, M. Radke, S. Rakhmanova, A. and Razavi-Shearer, K. Reesink, H. W. Ridruejo, E. Safadi, R. and Sagalova, O. Sanchez Avila, J. F. Sanduijav, R. and Saraswat, V. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S. R. Shestakova, I. and Shevaldin, A. Shibolet, O. Silva, M. O. Sokolov, S. and Sonderup, M. Souliotis, K. Spearman, C. W. Staub, T. and Stedman, C. Strebkova, E. A. Struck, D. Sypsa, V. and Tomasiewicz, K. Undram, L. van der Meer, A. J. van Santen, D. Veldhuijzen, I. Villamil, F. G. Willemse, S. and Zuckerman, E. Zuure, F. R. Puri, P. Razavi, H.

Abstract

Morbidity and mortality attributable to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are increasing in many countries as the infected population ages. Models were developed for 15 countries to quantify and characterize the viremic population, as well as estimate the number of new infections and HCV related deaths from 2013 to 2030. Expert consensus was used to determine current treatment levels and outcomes in each country. In most countries, viremic prevalence has already peaked. In every country studied, prevalence begins to decline before 2030, when current treatment levels were held constant. In contrast, cases of advanced liver disease and liver related deaths will continue to increase through 2030 in most countries. The current treatment paradigm is inadequate if large reductions in HCV related morbidity and mortality are to be achieved.

Published
2015

7. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in select countries - volume 2

Author

Saraswat, V. Norris, S. de Knegt, R. J. Sanchez Avila, J. F. and Sonderup, M. Zuckerman, E. Arkkila, P. Stedman, C. and Acharya, S. Aho, I. Anand, A. C. Andersson, M. I. and Arendt, V. Baatarkhuu, O. Barclay, K. Ben-Ari, Z. and Bergin, C. Bessone, F. Blach, S. Blokhina, N. Brunton, C. R. Choudhuri, G. Chulanov, V. Cisneros, L. Croes, E. A. Dahgwahdorj, Y. A. Dalgard, O. Daruich, J. R. and Dashdorj, N. R. Davaadorj, D. de Vree, M. Estes, C. and Flisiak, R. Gadano, A. C. Gane, E. Halota, W. Hatzakis, A. Henderson, C. Hoffmann, P. Hornell, J. Houlihan, D. and Hrusovsky, S. Jarcuska, P. Kershenobich, D. Kostrzewska, K. Kristian, P. Leshno, M. Lurie, Y. Mahomed, A. and Mamonova, N. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Mossong, J. Nurmukhametova, E. Nymadawa, P. Oltman, M. Oyunbileg, J. Oyunsuren, Ts. and Papatheodoridis, G. Pimenov, N. Prabdial-Sing, N. Prins, M. Puri, P. Radke, S. Rakhmanova, A. Razavi, H. and Razavi-Shearer, K. Reesink, H. W. Ridruejo, E. Safadi, R. and Sagalova, O. Sanduijav, R. Schreter, I. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S. R. Shestakova, I. Shevaldin, A. Shibolet, O. and Sokolov, S. Souliotis, K. Spearman, C. W. Staub, T. and Strebkova, E. A. Struck, D. Tomasiewicz, K. Undram, L. and van der Meer, A. J. van Santen, D. Veldhuijzen, I. Villamil, F. G. Willemse, S. Zuure, F. R. Silva, M. O. Sypsa, V. and Gower, E.

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver related morbidity and mortality. In many countries, there is a lack of comprehensive epidemiological data that are crucial in implementing disease control measures as new treatment options become available. Published literature, unpublished data and expert consensus were used to determine key parameters, including prevalence, viremia, genotype and the number of patients diagnosed and treated. In this study of 15 countries, viremic prevalence ranged from 0.13% in the Netherlands to 2.91% in Russia. The largest viremic populations were in India (8666000 cases) and Russia (4162000 cases). In most countries, males had a higher rate of infections, likely due to higher rates of injection drug use (IDU). Estimates characterizing the infected population are critical to focus screening and treatment efforts as new therapeutic options become available.

Published
2015

8. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection disease burden - volume 2

Author

Gane, E. Kershenobich, D. Seguin-Devaux, C. Kristian, P. and Aho, I. Dalgard, O. Shestakova, I. Nymadawa, P. Blach, S. Acharya, S. Anand, A. C. Andersson, M. I. Arendt, V. and Arkkila, P. Baatarkhuu, O. Barclay, K. Ben-Ari, Z. and Bergin, C. Bessone, F. Blokhina, N. Brunton, C. R. and Choudhuri, G. Chulanov, V. Cisneros, L. Croes, E. A. and Dahgwahdorj, Y. A. Daruich, J. R. Dashdorj, N. R. Davaadorj, D. de Knegt, R. J. de Vree, M. Gadano, A. C. Gower, E. and Halota, W. Hatzakis, A. Henderson, C. Hoffmann, P. and Hornell, J. Houlihan, D. Hrusovsky, S. Jarcuska, P. and Kostrzewska, K. Leshno, M. Lurie, Y. Mahomed, A. and Mamonova, N. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Mossong, J. Norris, S. and Nurmukhametova, E. Oltman, M. Oyunbileg, J. Oyunsuren, Ts. and Papatheodoridis, G. Pimenov, N. Prins, M. Puri, P. and Radke, S. Rakhmanova, A. Razavi, H. Razavi-Shearer, K. and Reesink, H. W. Ridruejo, E. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. and Sanchez Avila, J. F. Sanduijav, R. Saraswat, V. Schreter, I. and Shah, S. R. Shevaldin, A. Shibolet, O. Silva, M. O. and Sokolov, S. Sonderup, M. Souliotis, K. Spearman, C. W. and Staub, T. Stedman, C. Strebkova, E. A. Struck, D. Sypsa, V. Tomasiewicz, K. Undram, L. van der Meer, A. J. van Santen, D. Veldhuijzen, I. Villamil, F. G. Willemse, S. and Zuckerman, E. Zuure, F. R. Prabdial-Sing, N. Flisiak, R. and Estes, C.

Abstract

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 15 countries, and the relative impact of two scenarios was considered: (i) increased treatment efficacy while holding the treated population constant and (ii) increased treatment efficacy and increased annual treated population. Increasing levels of diagnosis and treatment, in combination with improved treatment efficacy, were critical for achieving substantial reductions in disease burden. In most countries, the annual treated population had to increase several fold to achieve the largest reductions in HCV-related morbidity and mortality. This suggests that increased capacity for screening and treatment will be critical in many countries. Birth cohort screening is a helpful tool for maximizing resources. In most of the studied countries, the majority of patients were born between 1945 and 1985.

Published
2015

13. Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015:a modelling study

Author

Hans Van Vlierberghe, Soo Aleman, Naveed Z. Janjua, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Olufunmilayo A. Lesi, Irena Hrstić, Abdullah M. Assiri, William Rosenberg, Moon sing Lai, Vladimir Chulanov, Jan Sperl, Beat Müllhaupt, Michael Manns, William Sievert, Sabahattin Kaymakoglu, Cesar Yaghi, Evy Yunihastuti, Pierre Van Damme, Jon G. Jonasson, Antonio Javier Blasco, Young Sik Kim, S. Olafsson, Rohani Jahis, Christoph Sarrazin, Manik Sharma, Aasim Yusuf, Omer Hajelssedig, Javier García-Samaniego, Boris Lukšić, Peter Stärkel, Stefan Zeuzem, Stephen Oguche, E. A. Croes, Abdullah S. Alghamdi, Richard Njouom, CE Omuemu, Carlos E Brandão Mello, Adam Mahomed, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Ogu Omede, Said A. Al-Busafi, Sarah Robbins, Peer Brehm Christensen, Ammal M. Metwally, Béla Hunyady, Gamal Esmat, Ivane Gamkrelidze, Maheeba Abdulla, Suzanne Norris, Sarah Blach, Harald Hofer, Maria C Mendes Correa, Devin Razavi-Shearer, Matti Maimets, Chien-Jen Chen, Peter Jarcuska, Marian Oltman, Francesco Negro, Ilias Gountas, Ayman Yosry, Sona Frankova, Adrian Goldis, Laurentius A. Lesmana, Ivan Schréter, Danute Speiciene, Kevork M. Peltekian, Berhane Redae, Stuart K. Roberts, Valentina Liakina, Seyed M Alavian, Wai-cheung C Lao, Ziv Ben-Ari, Imad Al Ghazzawi, Cheryl Brunton, Rudolf E. Stauber, Akram Khan, Tung-Hung Su, Manal H El-Sayed, Kimberly Murphy, Kyriakos Souliotis, Adriana Vince, Ramazan Idilman, Christophe Moreno, Angelos Hatzakis, Lewis R. Roberts, Richard Phillips, Jason Grebely, Michael Gschwantler, Hugo Cheinquer, Vana Sypsa, Samir Shah, Wolfgang Vogel, M. Blachier, Abate Bane, Henri Leleu, Saeed Hamid, Ohene Opare-Sem, Hamad Al-Romaihi, Wan-Long Chuang, Alexander J. Thompson, Agita Jeruma, Robert Flisiak, Catherine A.M. Stedman, Ingo van Thiel, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Jonathan Schmelzer, Juan F.Sanchez Avila, Rui Tato Marinho, Muhammad S. Memon, Nina Weis, Rosmawati Mohamed, Florian Bihl, Moon Seok Choi, David Kershenobich, Vic Arendt, Yee Tak Hui, Mei Hsuan Lee, N. N. Pimenov, Saad Al Kaabi, Ken Pasini, Henrik Krarup, Stefan Mauss, Shahin Merat, Khalid Al Namaani, Rong-Nan Chien, Perttu Arkkila, Henk W. Reesink, Françoise Roudot-Thoraval, Paul Marotta, Shirley Owusu-Ofori, Fadi H. Mourad, Abdul Rahman Bizri, Chris Estes, Heiner Wedemeyer, Faisal M. Sanai, Mihály Makara, Stephen D. Ryder, Mel Krajden, Laura Cisneros, Adriaan J. van der Meer, Eli Zuckerman, Matthew E. Cramp, Rui Sarmento-Castro, Magnus Gottfredsson, Gregory J. Dore, Huma Qureshi, Yasser Kamel, Olga Sagalova, Rifaat Safadi, Wim Laleman, Solomon Obekpa, Karolin Falconer, Edward Gane, Philip Bruggmann, Fernando Bessone, Jia-Horng Kao, Daniel Lavanchy, Riina Salupere, Anne Øvrehus, Ulus Salih Akarca, Monique Andersson, Man-Fung Yuen, Ala I. Sharara, Olav Dalgard, Homie Razavi, Gamal Shiha, Paulo R. Ferreira, George V. Papatheodoridis, Anatoly Shevaldin, Jawad Khamis, Waseem Hamoudi, Kathryn Razavi-Shearer, Vincent Ws Wong, Loreta A. Kondili, Maria Lucia Gomes Ferraz, Wasim Jafri, Pablo Lázaro, Faisal Abaalkhail, David H. Muljono, Youssif Al Serkal, Imam Waked, Zaher Koutoubi, Oidov Baatarkhuu, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Abraham O. Malu, Daniel Struck, Helen Nde, Alnoor Ramji, Ahmed Abdou, Antoine Abou Rached, Michael Li, Diana Nonković, Jorge Daruich, Ezequiel Ridruejo, Gül Ergör, Ann-Sofi Duberg, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz, Filipe Calinas, Hossein Poustchi, Layla Al-Dabal, Jessie Gunter, Mark W. Sonderup, Colm Bergin, Mario G. Pessoa, Jonas Valantinas, Asad Chaudhry, Junko Tanaka, Tsendsuren S. Oyunsuren, Soek Siam Tan, Vivek A. Saraswat, Young-Suk Lim, Ibrahim Altraif, Victor de Ledinghen, Faryal Al Lawati, Mette Rye Clausen, Ieva Tolmane, Antonio Craxì, Abdulrahman Aljumah, Elmoubashar Farag, Inka Aho, Sayed Himatt, Nishi Prabdial-Sing, Blach S., Zeuzem S., Manns M., Altraif I., Duberg A.-S., Muljono D.H., Waked I., Alavian S.M., Lee M.-H., Negro F., Abaalkhail F., Abdou A., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ghazzawi I., Al Kaabi S., Al Lawati F., Al Namaani K., Al Serkal Y., Al-Busafi S.A., Al-Dabal L., Aleman S., Alghamdi A.S., Aljumah A.A., Al-Romaihi H.E., Andersson M.I., Arendt V., Arkkila P., Assiri A.M., Baatarkhuu O., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Bergin C., Bessone F., Bihl F., Bizri A.R., Blachier M., Blasco A.J., Brandao Mello C.E., Bruggmann P., Brunton C.R., Calinas F., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Cheinquer H., Chen C.-J., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Cisneros L., Clausen M.R., Cramp M.E., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Dalgard O., Daruich J.R., De Ledinghen V., Dore G.J., El-Sayed M.H., Ergor G., Esmat G., Estes C., Falconer K., Farag E., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gamkrelidze I., Gane E., Garcia-Samaniego J., Khan A.G., Gountas I., Goldis A., Gottfredsson M., Grebely J., Gschwantler M., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Gunter J., Hajarizadeh B., Hajelssedig O., Hamid S., Hamoudi W., Hatzakis A., Himatt S.M., Hofer H., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T., Hunyady B., Idilman R., Jafri W., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuska P., Jeruma A., Jonasson J.G., Kamel Y., Kao J.-H., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Khamis J., Kim Y.S., Kondili L., Koutoubi Z., Krajden M., Krarup H., Lai M.-S., Laleman W., Lao W.-C., Lavanchy D., Lazaro P., Leleu H., Lesi O., Lesmana L.A., Li M., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S., Luksic B., Mahomed A., Maimets M., Makara M., Malu A.O., Marinho R.T., Marotta P., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Moreno C., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Nde H., Njouom R., Nonkovic D., Norris S., Obekpa S., Oguche S., Olafsson S., Oltman M., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Ovrehus A.L.H., Owusu-Ofori S., Oyunsuren T.S., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Peltekian K.M., Phillips R.O., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Prabdial-Sing N., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer D., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Ridruejo E., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Rosenberg W.M., Roudot-Thoraval F., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarmento-Castro R., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shevaldin A., Shiha G.E., Sievert W., Sonderup M., Souliotis K., Speiciene D., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stauber R.E., Stedman C., Struck D., Su T.-H., Sypsa V., Tan S.-S., Tanaka J., Thompson A.J., Tolmane I., Tomasiewicz K., Valantinas J., Van Damme P., Van Der Meer A.J., Van Thiel I., Van Vlierberghe H., Vince A., Vogel W., Wedemeyer H., Weis N., Wong V.W.S., Yaghi C., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yunihastuti E., Yusuf A., Zuckerman E., Razavi H., Polaris Observ HCV Collaborators, Negro, Francesco, and Ege Üniversitesi

Subjects
Viremia/epidemiology, Population ageing, medicine.medical_specialty, CIENCIAS MÉDICAS Y DE LA SALUD, Delphi Technique, Genotype, Voxilaprevir, Genotype, Global Health, Hepatitis C, Eradication, Modelling study, Medicina Clínica, ddc:616.07, Global Health, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cost of Illness, Epidemiology, Journal Article, medicine, Global health, Prevalence, Humans, Viremia, 030212 general & internal medicine, Disease Eradication, Disease burden, ddc:616, Hepatology, Hepatitis C, Chronic/epidemiology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, Hepatitis C, Glecaprevir, Hepatitis C, Chronic, medicine.disease, Viremia/epidemiology/genetics, Pibrentasvir, Global Health/statistics & numerical data, HCV, HEPATITIS C, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Medicina Critica y de Emergencia, Human medicine, business, Chronic/epidemiology/genetics/prevention & control, Demography
Abstract

WOS: 000426979400014, PubMed ID: 28404132, Background The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of-and expansion on-the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64-103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1.0% (95% uncertainty interval 0.8-1.1) in 2015, corresponding to 71.1 million (62.5-79.4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections., John C Martin Foundation, John C Martin Foundation.

Published
2017

14. Importance of CHB's grey zone: analysis of patients with HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

Author

Lenartova PD, Hockickova I, Janicko M, Jarcuska P, Drazilova S, Lami F, Schreter I, and Kristian P

Subjects
Male, Humans, Middle Aged, Female, Hepatitis B e Antigens therapeutic use, DNA, Viral therapeutic use, Retrospective Studies, Alanine Transaminase, Liver Cirrhosis, Hepatitis B, Chronic drug therapy
Abstract

Introduction: HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection is defined by viremia < 2,000 IU/ml (or < 20,000 IU/ml), normal ALT activity and minimal liver fibrosis. Some patients do not meet all the criteria and belong to the so-called grey zone. The aim of the work was to analyse a group of patients with asymptomatic chronic HBV infection, divide them according to the levels of HBV DNA during follow-up and to compare the clinical and laboratory parameters of the patients within the groups., Methods: We retrospectively analysed patients with HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection examined in the Centre for Viral Hepatitis of the Department of Infectology in Košice, Slovakia, from September 2018 to December 2021. Patients were divided into three groups based on HBV DNA levels ​​during long-term follow-up ( 2,000 IU/ ml). We evaluated selected demographic, anamnestic and laboratory data (HBV DNA, ALT, fibrosis stage)., Results: Of the 280 enrolled patients, 160 were men (57.1 %), the average age was 48.0 years, and the mean length of follow-up was 4.7 years. HBV DNA levels ​​were consistently 2,000 IU/ml in 62 patients. 165 patients had normal ALT activity, 74 had fluctuating ALT activity, and permanently increased ALT in 41 patients. 139 patients underwent transient elastography examination, 16 of them had stage F2 fibrosis, two stage F3 and 1 had cirrhosis. When comparing the three groups divided according to HBV DNA, patients with fluctuating HBV DNA had the longest follow-up, but patients with HBV DNA permanently over 2,000 IU/ml were the youngest and the highest proportion of them had elevated ALT activity. 165 patients (58.9%) met the extended criteria of asymptomatic carriers, 115 were in the grey zone., Conclusion: Patients with HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection often have fluctuating HBV DNA and ALT values ​​during follow-ups. Statistically significantly higher proportion of abnormal ALT activity in patients with HBV DNA > 2,000 IU/ml may suggest higher risk of adverse outcomes. Initiation of treatment in such patients is not always necessary unless they also meet the other indication criteria for treatment. The exact definition of the grey zone is currently absent (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 16).

Published
2024
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15. Distribution and relevance of hepatitis B genotypes in the general population of Slovakia.

Author

HockickovA I, HatalovA E, Gazda J, LenArtovA PD, JaniCko M, JarCuSka P, DraZilovA S, Logoida M, HalAnova M, SchrEter I, and Kristian P

Subjects
Humans, Slovakia epidemiology, Hepatitis B virus genetics, Genotype, Hepatitis B epidemiology, Hepatitis B, Chronic epidemiology, Hepatitis B, Chronic genetics
Abstract

Aims: The aim of the presented study was to determine the distribution of HBV genotypes and their influence on selected parameters in patients in eastern Slovakia., Methods: The study includes 202 patients with confirmed chronic HBV infection or hepatitis. For each patient, basic demographic data, and serum samples were collected. The degree of liver fibrosis was determined by transient elastography. The obtained data were evaluated statistically., Results: Out of a total of 202 patients, 96.0 % of the patients were from the EU region and 27 patients (13.4 %) self-identified as Roma ethnic group. The most common genotype among our patients was genotype A (n = 104; 51.5 %), followed by genotype D (n = 76; 37.6 %) and A/D (n = 13; 6.4 %). In patients from the EU region, genotypes A and D predominated statistically significantly (p < 0.0001). Due to a low number of patients with other genotypes, in the subsequent analysis, we only compared patients with HBV genotypes A or D. Patients with genotypes D and A/D significantly more often mention tattoos as a possible risk factor for disease transmission compared to patients with genotype A (p = 0.043). Subsequently, we divided patients into two groups - treated and untreated. The level of qHBsAg was significantly higher in untreated patients with genotypes A (p < 0.0001). The influence of HBV genotypes on other laboratory parameters was not confirmed in our study., Conclusion: This is the first HBV genotypes study from Slovakia. We suggest that HBV genotypes may play a role in the virus-host relationship Keywords: chronic hepatitis B, genotypes, hepatitis B virus, prognostic factors, distribution.

Published
2024
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16. Glucose Metabolism Changes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Treated with Direct Acting Antivirals.

Author

Drazilova S, Janicko M, Skladany L, Kristian P, Oltman M, Szantova M, Krkoska D, Mazuchova E, Piesecka L, Vahalova V, Rac M, Schreter I, Virag L, Koller T, Liptakova A, Ondrasova M, and Jarcuska P

Subjects
Age Factors, Blood Glucose drug effects, Body Mass Index, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 etiology, Fasting blood, Female, Glucose Intolerance blood, Glucose Intolerance etiology, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis C, Chronic complications, Hepatitis C, Chronic drug therapy, Humans, Liver pathology, Liver Cirrhosis blood, Liver Cirrhosis etiology, Liver Cirrhosis pathology, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Blood Glucose metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology, Glucose Intolerance epidemiology, Hepatitis C, Chronic blood
Abstract

Background and Aims: Chronic hepatitis C is a systemic disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) belongs to more common extrahepatic. The aim of this study was to (i) explore the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and T2DM in patients with chronic hepatitis C, (ii) explore the effect of direct acting antivirals (DAA) treatment on the glycemia, and (iii) explore the factors that modulate the effect of DAA treatment on glycemia in patients with chronic hepatitis C., Methods: We performed a longitudinal retrospective observational study focused on the patients undergoing DAA treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Data about glycemia, history of diabetes, hepatitis C virus, treatment, and liver status, including elastography, were obtained at baseline (before treatment start), at the end of treatment and 12 weeks after the end of treatment. Patients were treated with various regimens of direct acting antivirals., Results: We included 370 patients; 45.9% had F4 fibrosis. At baseline, the prevalence of T2DM increased with the degree of fibrosis (F0-F2 14.4%, F3 21.3%, and F4 31.8%, p=0.004). Fasting glycemia also increased with the degree of fibrosis (F0-F2 5.75±0.18 F3 5.84±0.17, and F4 6.69±0.2 mmol/L, p=0.001). We saw significant decrease of glycemia after treatment in all patients, but patients without T2DM or IFG from 6.21±0.12 to 6.08±0.15 mmol/L (p=0.002). The decrease was also visible in treatment experienced patients and patients with Child-Pugh A cirrhosis., Conclusion: We confirmed that the prevalence of either T2DM or IFG increases in chronic hepatitis C patients with the degree of fibrosis. The predictive factors for T2DM were, besides F4, fibrosis also higher age and BMI. Significant decrease of fasting glycemia after the DAA treatment was observed in the whole cohort and in subgroups of patients with T2DM, IFG, cirrhotic, and treatment experienced patients.

Published
2018
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17. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Roma and Non-Roma People in Slovakia.

Author

Drazilova S, Janicko M, Kristian P, Schreter I, Halanova M, Urbancikova I, Madarasova-Geckova A, Marekova M, Pella D, and Jarcuska P

Subjects
Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Slovakia epidemiology, Socioeconomic Factors, Hepatitis B ethnology, Roma statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Prevalence of Hepatitis B is relatively low in developed European countries. However specific subpopulations may exist within each country with markedly different Hepatitis B burden. Roma minority is very numerous in Slovakia and their lifestyle is completely different to non-Roma population. The aim of this study is to map Hepatitis B prevalence in Roma and compare it to non-Roma population and to explore potential socio-economic and health related risk factors. Cross-sectional epidemiology study was performed in Slovakia that included randomly sampled Roma population and geographically corresponding random sampled non-Roma population. Comprehensive questionnaire about risk factors was administered and blood samples were drawn for Hepatitis B serology and virology tests. Altogether 855 participants were included. Global Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) positivity rate was 7.7% (i.e., active Hepatitis B) and anti Hepatitis B core IgG antibody (antiHBcIgG) positivity rate was 34.6%. Roma population had significantly higher prevalence of Hepatitis B, both active chronic infection (12.4%; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 9.58%⁻15.97% versus 2.8%; 95% CI 1.56%⁻4.91%; p < 0.0001) and antiHBcIgG positivity (52.8%; 95% CI 48.17%⁻57.44% versus 25.9%; 95% CI 12.56%⁻20.02%; p < 0.0001) Main risk factors for HBsAg positivity were Roma ethnicity, male sex and tattoo., Conclusion: There is a very high prevalence of Hepatitis B in Roma communities in Slovakia, with potential for grave medical consequences.

Published
2018
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18. Lower Viral Response to Pegylated Interferon Alpha 2a Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B in Roma People in Eastern Slovakia.

Author

Drazilova S, Janicko M, Kristian P, Schreter I, Kucinsky B, Kozlej M, Hockickova I, and Jarcuska P

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate the compliance and virological response to pegylated interferon alpha 2a treatment of chronic hepatitis B in Roma population compared to majority Caucasian population in Slovakia. Methods. Retrospective evaluation of a cohort of all Roma patients treated with pegylated interferon alpha 2a from 2007 to 2013 in 3 centers for treatment of chronic viral hepatitis B. The Study included 43 Roma patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and randomly selected control group. Treatment duration was 48 weeks. Viral response was evaluated after 24 weeks, at the end of treatment, and 24 weeks after the end of treatment. Results. Complete treatment course was finished by 79.1% of Roma patients compared to all patients from the control group (p = 0.0009). There was a tendency toward lower viral response rate in Roma at all time points; however significant difference was only at end of treatment viral response (51.2% Roma versus 81.4% majority, p = 0.003). We also did not find significant difference at the rate of HBsAg loss. Conclusion. Roma patients with chronic hepatitis B have significantly worse compliance to treatment with pegylated interferon and they have significantly lower rate of end of treatment viral response.

Published
2016
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19. Impact of TTV and SENV infection in chronic hepatitis B or C on liver histology and therapy outcome.

Author

Kristian P, Schreter I, Siegfried L, Jarcuska P, Jarcuska P, Paralicova Z, and Porubcin S

Subjects
Adult, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, DNA Virus Infections pathology, Female, Hepatitis B, Chronic drug therapy, Hepatitis B, Chronic pathology, Hepatitis C, Chronic drug therapy, Hepatitis C, Chronic pathology, Humans, Male, Treatment Outcome, DNA Virus Infections complications, Hepatitis B, Chronic complications, Hepatitis C, Chronic complications, Liver pathology, Torque teno virus isolation & purification
Abstract

Aim: To determine the influence of TTV and SENV on histological findings and viral response in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and C., Background: The clinical impact of TTV or SENV coinfections in these patients remains unclear., Methods: Serum and liver biopsy specimens from chronic hepatitis B and C patients, 107 with liver biopsy and 105 who had finished complete antiviral therapy, were investigated for the presence of TTV and SENV., Results: The Ishak score determined from 107 liver biopsy samples compared according to TTV or SENV coinfection was similar. Among 39 chronic hepatitis C patients with and 43 without virological response, we have found 9 and 3 SENV positive (p < 0.05) and 18 and 28 TTV positive patients, respectively (not significant). However 11 of 32 biopsy samples obtained in the responder's group and 19 of 31 in non-responders were TTV positive (p < 0.05). No similar differences were observed among 23 chronic hepatitis B patients. TTV clearance after interferon therapy exceeded 80%, clearance of SENV 90%., Conclusion: TTV or SENV infections did not negatively influence the severity of histological features or the antiviral response in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C. Both viruses were highly sensitive to interferon therapy (Tab. 5, Ref. 29).

Published
2010

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