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Simple Summary: This research analyzed complications during the first pregnancy after breast cancer based on health data in Germany between 2010 and 2020. This study compared pregnancies of 74 women with breast cancer and 222 healthy controls and found no increased risks of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and cesarean section to women after breast cancer. But the analyses revealed worse outcomes with a higher risk for small babies, if delivery was in less than 2 years after breast cancer diagnosis. Background/Objectives: Breast cancer may negatively affect later pregnancy and childbirth. We aimed to analyze the impact of previous breast cancer on obstetric outcomes in postdiagnosis pregnancies. Methods: Insurance claims data in Southern Germany were used to identify breast cancer (BC) survivors with at least one subsequent delivery after cancer diagnosis between 2010 and 2020. In total, 74 BC survivors were compared to 222 age-matched controls with frequency matching on their age at their postdiagnosis delivery. Results: Endocrine therapy was associated with a significantly lower probability of birth compared to BC survivors without endocrine therapy (HR 0.36; 95% CI 0.18–0.53; p < 0.0001). The risks of preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and cesarean section were not significantly increased among BC survivors compared to healthy controls. BC survivors were at an increased risk for a small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetus (OR 3.24; 95% CI 1.17–8.97, p = 0.03). Delivery in less than 2 years after diagnosis increased the risk for SGA (OR 5.73; 95% CI 1.37–24.02, p = 0.03) and LBW (OR 4.57; 95% CI 1.32–15.87, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our findings are encouraging regarding the risks of preterm delivery, gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, and cesarean section to women who consider pregnancy after BC. Delivery in less than 2 years after diagnosis was associated with an increased risk for SGA and LBW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical activity during pregnancy is established to derive clinically meaningful improvements in pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum health outcomes. Evidence-based pre-screening tools have been developed to support the implementation of physical activity programmes, and enhance communication between health care providers, exercise professionals and pregnant women. The Get Active Questionnaire for Pregnancy (GAQ-P) and the Health Care Provider Consultation Form for Prenatal Physical Activity (HCPCF) empower pregnant women to identify whether they require additional counselling from their obstetric health care provider in terms of physical activity. However, these tools are not available in Polish. This work details the process taken to translate the GAQ-P and HCPCF into Polish. Material and Methods: We followed the translation process outlined by the Translation and Cultural Adaptation International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) guidelines between August 2022 and August 2023. We formed an expert group that included representatives of the Polish Society of Sports Medicine, The Polish Society of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians, practitioners, and scientists in physical activity during pregnancy. We implemented 9 of the 10 steps recommended by ISOPR in the translation process. At the Cognitive Debriefing stage, we collected opinions on the Polish version of GAQ-P and HCPCF from 70 stakeholders on the clarity and cultural appropriateness of the translation. Results and Conclusions: Target users have positively evaluated the Polish version of GAQ-P and HCPCF. Thanks to the ISPOR methodology, we obtained a trustworthy, evidence-based screening tools, which can reduce the barriers for most women to be physically active during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Many studies have shown the negative influence of the foetus's occiput posterior position during birth on the final perinatal outcome. This study aims to add to the discussion on the impact of foetus positioning on the course of labour and subjective assessment of the level of labour difficulty. Methods: The cross-sectional study took place from February 2020 to September 2021, and consisted of filling out observation forms and the assessment by the midwives and women of the level of labour difficulty. This study is based on the observation of 152 labours in low-risk women. Findings: When compared to left foetal positioning, labours in which the foetus was in the right position were longer and more frequently failed to progress (in 11.3% vs. 37.5%), and epidural was more frequently administrated (in 30.4% vs. 52.7%). Both women and midwives subjectively evaluated deliveries with a foetus in the right position as more difficult. Conclusions: The right positioning of the foetus was related to greater labour difficulty and worse perinatal outcomes. The position of the foetus' head in relation to the pelvis should be considered as an indicator of the difficulty of labour and a support plan for the woman should be offered accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Longitudinal general practice tracks have been established in medical faculties in Europe and worldwide to attract more graduates to general practice careers. In many programs, long-term mentoring relationships play an important role in providing students with positive role models, regular practical experiences, and acquisition of clinical skills in a community context. However, little is known about students' and general practitioner mentors' expectations, experiences, challenges, and ideas for improvement within these longterm mentoring relationships in general practice in our medical education system. Methods: Qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 15 students and 13 mentors. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. MAXQDA was used for data analysis, following a mixed deductive/inductive approach. Results: Both groups had few and rather unstated expectations, particularly regarding their relationships. Consequently, expectations were often not clearly communicated. Nevertheless, a high level of satisfaction and good opportunities for teaching were achieved for both sides. The evolving familiarity facilitated a positive learning environment. Students valued independent medical tasks continuously adjusted to their current abilities. However, some felt a reluctance to demand their mentor's time and consideration. Conversely, the mentors criticized a lack of initiative from some of the students and wished that they would get more actively involved. Students, in contrast, wished for more guidance at the start of the project and joint events to deepen the relationship. Conclusions: With this study, we gained detailed insights into and understanding of the nature of long-term relationships between students and mentors. Points for improvement revealed included: 1) education of both participating groups on the goals and benefits of mentoring, including binding expectations for the participants; 2) intensified support and training of teaching physicians; 3) structured and accompanied establishment of initial contact between mentor and mentee; and 4) encouraged additional shared (teaching) time, individualized timing, and intensification, if desired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the environmental footprint of the aviation industry, aircraft with new propulsion systems are increasingly under consideration. In this paper, the potential of a fuel cell hybrid-electric aircraft (FCHEA) powered by hydrogen and kerosene is assessed. First, the methodology for the conceptual design of a single-aisle short-range FCHEA is developed and presented. Then, the environmental impact of this aircraft on its design mission is determined by means of a one-dimensional climate model and the climate metric sustained global temperature potential with a time horizon of 100 years. To complete the picture, the fleet adoption of the FCHEA concept is determined with the help of a fleet system dynamics model taking future air traffic development, fleet age, and production capacities into account. This makes it possible to analyze the potential of FCHEA to improve the environmental footprint of aviation considering the operational environment in the global aviation market. The results show that for a single FCHEA powered by liquid hydrogen produced via electrolysis with renewable energies, climate impact reductions of 15.2-17.8% can be achieved. The fleet uptake of the FCHEA made full use of the available production capacities, but still it was able to serve only 15.8% of total available seat kilometers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]