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2. Pain, inconvenience and blame: defining work-related injuries in the veterinary workplace.

Author

Furtado, T, Whiting, M, Schofield, I, Jackson, R, and Tulloch, J S P

Subjects
NEEDLESTICK injuries, DOG bites, HORSES, RISK perception, PAIN perception
Abstract

Background The veterinary workplace carries a high risk of staff accidents and injuries, yet there is scant research exploring it in comparison with other comparable fields, such as human medicine. Aims To understand how veterinary professionals define injuries and to understand what injuries they do, or do not, deem reportable. Methods A cross-sectional survey comprising demographic questions and open-text questions was shared with veterinary practice staff across the UK. Data were analysed descriptively and using an inductive content analysis. Results There were 740 respondents, who were broadly representative of the veterinary profession. There were differences in how injuries were defined; for example, small animal veterinarians expected injuries to involve blood, while equine and production animal veterinarians were more likely to expect injuries to reduce their ability to perform work and require medical treatment. Many suggested that 'all' workplace injuries should be reported; however, 'minor' injuries were often overlooked, for example, needlestick injuries did not always meet the criteria of being an 'injury'. Injuries caused by staff themselves (e.g. trips) were less likely to be reported than injuries that could be blamed on an external factor (e.g. dog bite). Conclusions Collectively, the data suggest a wide-ranging perception of risk of injury in practice, with some harms seen as 'everyday norms'. Veterinary practices should interpret their injury statistics with a high degree of caution. They should explore the microcultures within their practices relating to worker perception of risk, injury and barriers to reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Recent progress with the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer project

Author

Kammerer, Jens, Sallum, Stephanie, Sanchez-Bermudez, Joel, Creech-Eakman, M. J., Romero, V. D., Haniff, C. A., Buscher, D. F., Young, J. S., Olivares, A., Salcido, C., Altamirano, J., Barrios, J. P. L. G., Collins, R., Cook, W., Farris, A., Fisher, M., Frothingham, D., Gino, C., Giron, J., Giron, M., Haque, A., Hernandez, J., Jorgensen, A. M., Loskamp, L. P., Luis, J. J. D., Mason, J. C., Momeni, H., Norouzi, S., Norris, R., Owens, G., Pino, J., Rochelle, S., Santoro, R., Schofield, I. S., Seneta, E. B., Tilton, J., and Wilson, D.

Published
2024
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13. Development and internal validation of a prediction tool to aid the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome in dogs attending primary-care practice

Author

Schofield, I, Brodbelt, D C, Niessen, S J M, Church, D B, Geddes, R F, Kennedy, N, and O'Neill, D

Abstract

Novel methods to aid identification of dogs with spontaneous Cushing's syndrome are warranted to optimize case selection for diagnostics, avoid unnecessary testing, and ultimately aid decision-making for veterinarians. To develop and internally validate a prediction tool for dogs receiving a diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome using primary-care electronic health records. Three hundred and ninety-eight dogs diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome and 541 noncase dogs, tested for but not diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome, from a cohort of 905 544 dogs attending VetCompass participating practices. A cross-sectional study design was performed. A prediction model was developed using multivariable binary logistic regression taking the demography, presenting clinical signs and some routine laboratory results into consideration. Predictive performance of each model was assessed and internally validated through bootstrap resampling. A novel clinical prediction tool was developed from the final model. The final model included predictor variables sex, age, breed, polydipsia, vomiting, potbelly/hepatomegaly, alopecia, pruritus, alkaline phosphatase, and urine specific gravity. The model demonstrated good discrimination (area under the receiver operating curve [AUROC] = 0.78 [95% CI = 0.75-0.81]; optimism-adjusted AUROC = 0.76) and calibration (C-slope = 0.86). A tool was developed from the model which calculates the predicted likelihood of a dog having Cushing's syndrome from 0% (score = -13) to 96% (score = 10). A tool to predict a diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome at the point of first suspicion in dogs was developed, with good predictive performance. This tool can be used in practice to support decision-making and increase confidence in diagnosis. [Abstract copyright: © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.]

Published
2020

17. The Renin-Angiotensin System in Cardiovascular and Renal Disease: Highlights from the VI and VII Forum

Author

Kurtz, T.W., Cosentino, F., Raij, L., Wei, C., Gavras, H., Germanò, G., Sanguigni, V., Pignatelli, P., Caccese, D., Lenti, L., Ragazzo, M., Lauro, R., Violi, F., Touyz, R.M., Kurtz, T.W., Mezzetti, A., Cipollone, F., Taddei, S., Madeddu, P., Ruilope, L.M., Tavazzi, L., Malacco, E., Lembo, G., Heagerty, A., Schofield, I., Austin, C., Bermann, G., Malik, R., Rubattu, S., Verdecchia, P., and Touyz, R.M.

Published
2004
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19. Frequency and risk factors for naturally occurring Cushing's syndrome in dogs attending UK primary‐care practices.

Author

Schofield, I., Brodbelt, D. C., Niessen, S. J. M., Church, D. B., Geddes, R. F., and O'Neill, D. G.

Subjects
CUSHING'S syndrome, GOLDEN retriever, LABRADOR retriever, DOGS, VETERINARY medicine, DOG bites
Abstract

Objectives: To estimate the frequency and risk factors for Cushing's syndrome in dogs under UK primary veterinary care. Materials and Methods: Dogs with Cushing's syndrome were identified by searching electronic patient records of primary‐care veterinary practices. Pre‐existing and incident cases of Cushing's syndrome during 2016 were included to estimate the 1‐year period prevalence. Incident cases were used to estimate the annual incidence and to identify demographic risk factors for the diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome in dogs, through multivariable logistic regression. Results: Analysis included 970 pre‐existing and 557 incident cases of Cushing's syndrome from a population of 905,544 dogs. The estimated 1‐year period prevalence for Cushing's syndrome in dogs under veterinary care was 0.17% (95% confidence interval 0.16 to 0.18) and incidence was 0.06% (95% confidence interval 0.05 to 0.07). In multivariable logistic regression modelling, the Bichon frise (odds ratio=6.17, 95% confidence interval 4.22 to 9.00), Border terrier (5.40, 95% confidence interval 3.66 to 7.97) and Miniature schnauzer (3.05, 95% confidence interval 1.67 to 5.57) had the highest odds of Cushing's syndrome. The Golden retriever (0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 0.98) and Labrador retriever (0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.54) were the most protected breeds. Increasing age, bodyweight greater than the breed‐sex mean and being insured also showed increased odds of Cushing's syndrome. Clinical Significance: As Cushing's syndrome is predominately diagnosed and managed in primary‐care practice, this study provides valuable new information of its epidemiology in this setting. Demographics reported are supportive of previous work and additional novel associations identified, such as the Border terrier, could enhance the index of suspicion for veterinarians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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27. Purple Auroral Rays and Global Pc1 Pulsations Observed at the CIR‐Associated Solar Wind Density Enhancement on 21 March 2017

Author

Endo, Y., Connors, M., Schofield, I., Ruohoniemi, J. M., Baishev, D. G., Pashinin, A., Rakhmatulin, R., Shevtsov, B., Poddelsky, I., Engebretson, M., Raita, Tero, Fujimoto, A., Albert, Jay M., Shiokawa, Kazuo, Ozaki, Mitsunori, Kadokura, Akira, Sakanoi, T., Kurita, Satoshi, Miyoshi, Yoshizumi, Oyama, Shin-Ichiro, Nośe, Masahito, Nagatsuma, Tsutomu, Sakaguchi, Kaori, Tanaka, Yoshimasa, Shinohara, Manabu, Teramoto, Mariko, Nomura, Reiko, Matsuoka, Ayako, Higashio, Nana, Takashima, Takeshi, and Shinohara, Iku

Subjects
Physics, Solar wind, Geophysics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

著者人数: 31名（所属. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所(JAXA)(ISAS): 松岡, 彩子; 高島, 健; 篠原, 育）, Accepted: 2018-09-26, 資料番号: SA1180207000

Published
2018
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31. Discovery of 1 Hz Range Modulation of Isolated Proton Aurora at Subauroral Latitudes

Author

Ozaki, M., Shiokawa, K., Miyoshi, Y., Kataoka, R., Connors, M., Inoue, T., Yagitani, S., Ebihara, Y., Jun, C.-W., Nomura, R., Sakaguchi, K., Otsuka, Y., Uchida, H. A., Schofield, I., Danskin, D. W., Ozaki, M., Shiokawa, K., Miyoshi, Y., Kataoka, R., Connors, M., Inoue, T., Yagitani, S., Ebihara, Y., Jun, C.-W., Nomura, R., Sakaguchi, K., Otsuka, Y., Uchida, H. A., Schofield, I., and Danskin, D. W.

Abstract

Isolated proton aurora (IPA) is a manifestation of the wave‐particle interaction visible at subauroral latitudes, with activity on many timescales. We herein present the first observational evidence of rapid luminous modulation of IPA correlated with simultaneously observed Pc1 waves observed on the ground, which are equivalent to the electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves in the magnetosphere. The fastest luminous modulation of IPA was observed in the 1 Hz frequency range, which was twice the frequency of the related Pc1 waves. The time lag between variations of Pc1 wave power and the IPA luminosity suggests that the source regions of IPA are distributed near the magnetic equator, suggesting an EMIC wave‐energetic (a few tens of keV) proton or relativistic (MeV or sub‐MeV) electron interaction. The generation mechanism of this 1 Hz luminous modulation remains an open issue, but this study supports the importance of nonlinear pitch angle scattering via wave‐particle interactions.

Published
2018

32. New Science in Plain Sight:Citizen Scientists Lead to Discovery of Optical Structure in the Upper Atmosphere

Author

MacDonald, Elizabeth, Donovan, E., Nishimura, Y., Case, Nathan Anthony, Gillies, D. M., Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Archer, W. E., Spanswick, E., Bourassa, N., Connors, M., Heavner, Matt, Jackel, B., Kosar, Burcu, Knudsen, D. J., Ratzlaff, C., Schofield, I., MacDonald, Elizabeth, Donovan, E., Nishimura, Y., Case, Nathan Anthony, Gillies, D. M., Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Archer, W. E., Spanswick, E., Bourassa, N., Connors, M., Heavner, Matt, Jackel, B., Kosar, Burcu, Knudsen, D. J., Ratzlaff, C., and Schofield, I.

Abstract

A glowing ribbon of purple light running east-west in the night sky has recently been observed by citizen scientists. This narrow, subauroral, visible structure, distinct from the traditional auroral oval, was largely undocumented in the scientific literature and little was known about its formation. Amateur photo sequences showed colors distinctly different from common types of aurora and occasionally indicated magnetic field–aligned substructures. Observations from the Swarm satellite as it crossed the arc have revealed an unusual level of electron temperature enhancement and density depletion, along with a strong westward ion flow, indicating that a pronounced subauroral ion drift (SAID) is associated with this structure. These early results suggest the arc is an optical manifestation of SAID, presenting new opportunities for investigation of the dynamic SAID signatures from the ground. On the basis of the measured ion properties and original citizen science name, we propose to identify this arc as a Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement (STEVE).

Published
2018

33. Purple auroral rays and global Pc1 pulsations observed at the CIR‐associated solar wind density enhancement on 21 March 2017

Author

Shiokawa, K. (K.), Ozaki, M. (M.), Kadokura, A. (A.), Endo, Y. (Y.), Sakanoi, T. (T.), Kurita, S. (S.), Miyoshi, Y. (Y.), Oyama, S. -. (S. -I.), Connors, M. (M.), Schofield, I. (I.), Ruohoniemi, J. M. (J. M.), Nose, M. (M.), Nagatsuma, T. (T.), Sakaguchi, K. (K.), Baishev, D. G. (D. G.), Pashinin, A. (A.), Rakhmatulin, R. (R.), Shevtsov, B. (B.), Poddelsky, I. (I.), Engebretson, M. (M.), Raita, T. (Tero), Tanaka, Y. -. (Y. -M.), Shinohara, M. (M.), Teramoto, M. (M.), Nomura, R. (R.), Fujimoto, A. (A.), Matsuoka, A. (A.), Higashio, N. (N.), Takashima, T. (T.), Shinohara, I. (I.), Albert, J. M. (Jay M.), Shiokawa, K. (K.), Ozaki, M. (M.), Kadokura, A. (A.), Endo, Y. (Y.), Sakanoi, T. (T.), Kurita, S. (S.), Miyoshi, Y. (Y.), Oyama, S. -. (S. -I.), Connors, M. (M.), Schofield, I. (I.), Ruohoniemi, J. M. (J. M.), Nose, M. (M.), Nagatsuma, T. (T.), Sakaguchi, K. (K.), Baishev, D. G. (D. G.), Pashinin, A. (A.), Rakhmatulin, R. (R.), Shevtsov, B. (B.), Poddelsky, I. (I.), Engebretson, M. (M.), Raita, T. (Tero), Tanaka, Y. -. (Y. -M.), Shinohara, M. (M.), Teramoto, M. (M.), Nomura, R. (R.), Fujimoto, A. (A.), Matsuoka, A. (A.), Higashio, N. (N.), Takashima, T. (T.), Shinohara, I. (I.), and Albert, J. M. (Jay M.)

Abstract

This paper reports two unique auroral features: postmidnight purple auroral rays and global Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations, observed before the onset of the corotating interaction region (CIR) storm of 21 March 2017, at the beginning of the first campaign of the new Particles and Waves in the Inner magnetosphere using Ground‐based network observation (PWING) longitudinal ground network with the Arase satellite. The purple auroral rays were observed from ~0315 to 0430 UT (~03–04 magnetic local time) in the northeastern sky at Husafell, Iceland (magnetic latitude: 64.9°N). We newly propose that the entry of high‐density CIR plasma into the magnetotail created purple auroral rays in the sunlit ionosphere. Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations at frequencies of 0–0.5 Hz were observed after ~00 UT over a wide local time range, of 13 hr, from midnight to afternoon sectors at subauroral latitudes associated with CIR arrival. These results indicate preconditioning of the magnetosphere due to crossing of a CIR.

Published
2018

34. New Science in Plain Sight : Citizen Scientists Lead to Discovery of Optical Structure in the Upper Atmosphere

Author

MacDonald, Elizabeth, Donovan, E., Nishimura, Y., Case, Nathan Anthony, Gillies, D. M., Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Archer, W. E., Spanswick, E., Bourassa, N., Connors, M., Heavner, Matt, Jackel, B., Kosar, Burcu, Knudsen, D. J., Ratzlaff, C., Schofield, I., MacDonald, Elizabeth, Donovan, E., Nishimura, Y., Case, Nathan Anthony, Gillies, D. M., Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Archer, W. E., Spanswick, E., Bourassa, N., Connors, M., Heavner, Matt, Jackel, B., Kosar, Burcu, Knudsen, D. J., Ratzlaff, C., and Schofield, I.

Abstract

A glowing ribbon of purple light running east-west in the night sky has recently been observed by citizen scientists. This narrow, subauroral, visible structure, distinct from the traditional auroral oval, was largely undocumented in the scientific literature and little was known about its formation. Amateur photo sequences showed colors distinctly different from common types of aurora and occasionally indicated magnetic field–aligned substructures. Observations from the Swarm satellite as it crossed the arc have revealed an unusual level of electron temperature enhancement and density depletion, along with a strong westward ion flow, indicating that a pronounced subauroral ion drift (SAID) is associated with this structure. These early results suggest the arc is an optical manifestation of SAID, presenting new opportunities for investigation of the dynamic SAID signatures from the ground. On the basis of the measured ion properties and original citizen science name, we propose to identify this arc as a Strong Thermal Emission Velocity Enhancement (STEVE).

Published
2018

35. Incidence and risk factors for feline lymphoma in UK primary‐care practice.

Author

Economu, L., Stell, A., O'Neill, D. G., Schofield, I., Stevens, K., and Brodbelt, D.

Subjects
LYMPHOMAS, VETERINARY medicine, CANCER diagnosis, CLINICAL pathology, ODDS ratio, URETHRAL obstruction
Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to estimate the incidence and prevalence of feline lymphoma in cats attending primary‐care practices across the UK and to identify patient‐based and environmental (radon and pesticide exposure) risk factors. Materials and Methods: Case records from the VetCompass programme from primary‐care veterinary practices in the UK were searched for a diagnosis of lymphoma in cats in 2016. Cases were required to have had an external laboratory confirmed diagnosis based on cytology and/or histopathology. A nested case–control study design was used to identify risk factors for lymphoma using multivariable logistic regression. Results: From a cohort of 562,446 cats under veterinary care at VetCompass participating practices in 2016, a total of 271 lymphoma cases were identified (prevalence: 48/100,000, 95% confidence interval (CI) 44 to 56/100,000; incidence 32/100,000, 95% CI 26 to 35/100,000). There were 180 incident lymphoma cases and 803 controls, all aged 2 years and older. Male (odds ratio (OR) 1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.4), insured (OR 3.6, 95% CI 2.3 to 5.6) and older cats (compared to cats 2 to <5 years, OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.8 to 8.8) were associated with increased odds of lymphoma diagnosis. Vaccinated cats were associated with decreased odds (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5 to 1.0) compared to unvaccinated cats, although the type of vaccination received was not statistically significant. Breed and environmental factors studied were not associated with a diagnosis of lymphoma. Clinical Significance: This is the first study to estimate the frequency and report risk factors for lymphoma in cats attending UK primary‐care practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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36. Purple Auroral Rays and Global Pc1 Pulsations Observed at the CIR‐Associated Solar Wind Density Enhancement on 21 March 2017

Author

Shiokawa, K., primary, Ozaki, M., additional, Kadokura, A., additional, Endo, Y., additional, Sakanoi, T., additional, Kurita, S., additional, Miyoshi, Y., additional, Oyama, S.‐I., additional, Connors, M., additional, Schofield, I., additional, Ruohoniemi, J. M., additional, Nośe, M., additional, Nagatsuma, T., additional, Sakaguchi, K., additional, Baishev, D. G., additional, Pashinin, A., additional, Rakhmatulin, R., additional, Shevtsov, B., additional, Poddelsky, I., additional, Engebretson, M., additional, Raita, Tero, additional, Tanaka, Y.‐M., additional, Shinohara, M., additional, Teramoto, M., additional, Nomura, R., additional, Fujimoto, A., additional, Matsuoka, A., additional, Higashio, N., additional, Takashima, T., additional, Shinohara, I., additional, and Albert, Jay M., additional

Published
2018
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37. Discovery of 1 Hz Range Modulation of Isolated Proton Aurora at Subauroral Latitudes

Author

Ozaki, M., primary, Shiokawa, K., additional, Miyoshi, Y., additional, Kataoka, R., additional, Connors, M., additional, Inoue, T., additional, Yagitani, S., additional, Ebihara, Y., additional, Jun, C.‐W., additional, Nomura, R., additional, Sakaguchi, K., additional, Otsuka, Y., additional, Uchida, H. A., additional, Schofield, I., additional, and Danskin, D. W., additional

Published
2018
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39. Fast modulations of pulsating proton aurora related to subpacket structures of Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations at subauroral latitudes

Author

Ozaki, Mitsunori, Shiokawa, Kazuo, Miyoshi, Yoshizumi, Kataoka, Ryuho, Yagitani, Satoshi, Inoue, T., Ebihara, Yusuke, Jun, C.-W, Nomura, Reiko, Sakaguchi, Kaori, Otsuka, Yuichi, Shoji, M., Schofield, I., Connors, M., Jordanova, V. K., 尾崎, 光紀, 塩川, 和夫, 三好, 由純, 片岡, 龍峰, 八木谷, 聡, 井上, 智寛, 海老原, 祐輔, 野村, 麗子, 坂口, 香織, 大塚, 雄一, Ozaki, Mitsunori, Shiokawa, Kazuo, Miyoshi, Yoshizumi, Kataoka, Ryuho, Yagitani, Satoshi, Inoue, T., Ebihara, Yusuke, Jun, C.-W, Nomura, Reiko, Sakaguchi, Kaori, Otsuka, Yuichi, Shoji, M., Schofield, I., Connors, M., Jordanova, V. K., 尾崎, 光紀, 塩川, 和夫, 三好, 由純, 片岡, 龍峰, 八木谷, 聡, 井上, 智寛, 海老原, 祐輔, 野村, 麗子, 坂口, 香織, and 大塚, 雄一

Abstract

著者人数: 15名, Accepted: 2016-07-26

Published
2017

41. Value of EMG in myopathy

Author

Pugdahl, Kirsten, Johnsen, Birger, Tankisi, Hatice, Camdessanche, J.-P., de Carvalho, M., Fawcett, P., Liguori, R., Labarre-Vila, A., Nix, W., Schofield, I., and Fuglsang-Frederiksen, Anders

Published
2014

43. A morphological analysis of the macro motor unit potential

Author

Pattichis, Constantinos S., Schofield, I. S., Fawcett, P., and Pattichis, Constantinos S. [0000-0003-1271-8151]

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, electromyogram, Biopsy, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Neurophysiology, Electromyography, Bioelectric potentials, mathematical analysis, Muscular Dystrophies, Muscular Atrophy, Spinal, Reference Values, morphology, Statistics, medicine, Humans, controlled study, human, Motor Neuron Disease, Macro, Muscle, Skeletal, Mathematics, medicine.diagnostic_test, article, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, neuromuscular disease, Motor neuron, Evoked Potentials, Motor, SMA, Surgery, Electrophysiology, Motor unit, Quantitative EMG, stomatognathic diseases, waveform, Amplitude, medicine.anatomical_structure, priority journal, motor unit potential, Duration (music), Macro motor unit potential, Morphological analysis, motor neuron disease, Statistical Distributions
Abstract

The technique of macro EMG is used to investigate the motor unit architecture in a number of pathological conditions. Amplitude and area are the most commonly used criteria, but these parameters alone are not sufficient to assess the complexity of the macro MUP morphology. In an attempt to examine the morphology of the macro MUP in more detail, additional measures were investigated including, (i) average power, (ii) duration, and (iii) number of phases. Macro MUP duration was defined as the time parameter that contains a particular fraction (90%) of the total power of the potential. The above mentioned parameters were evaluated for normal subjects and for patients suffering with motor neuron disease (MND), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and Becker's muscular dystrophy (BMD). It is shown that high amplitude and average power macro MUPs give shorter macro MUP duration than macro MUPs with normal amplitude. In contrast, in low amplitude macro MUPs there is a tendency towards a higher duration measure, as compared with the duration of the normal amplitude macro MUPs. Also, t-test results for the duration measure gave a significant difference between the NOR-MND, and no significant difference between the NOR-BMD and NOR-SMA groups at P < 0.05. Significant difference between the NOR and the three disease groups investigated was obtained for the parameters log amplitude, log area, and log average power. The number of phases was not significantly different between the NOR and the rest of the groups. In conclusion, the average power and duration parameters can possibly be used as additional discriminators to detect abnormalities of the macro motor unit potential in both needle and surface EMG but further investigation is necessary. (C) 2000 IPEM. The technique of macro EMG is used to investigate the motor unit architecture in a number of pathological conditions. Amplitude and area are the most commonly used criteria, but these parameters alone are not sufficient to assess the complexity of the macro MUP morphology. In an attempt to examine the morphology of the macro MUP in more detail, additional measures were investigated including, (i) average power, (ii) duration, and (iii) number of phases. Macro MUP duration was defined as the time parameter that contains a particular fraction (90%) of the total power of the potential. The above mentioned parameters were evaluated for normal subjects and for patients suffering with motor neuron disease (MND), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and Becker's muscular dystrophy (BMD). It is shown that high amplitude and average power macro MUPs give shorter macro MUP duration than macro MUPs with normal amplitude. In contrast, in low amplitude macro MUPs there is a tendency towards a higher duration measure, as compared with the duration of the normal amplitude macro MUPs. Also, t-test results for the duration measure gave a significant difference between the NOR-MND, and no significant difference between the NOR-BMD and NOR-SMA groups at PCited By :1

Published
1999
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44. Fast modulations of pulsating proton aurora related to subpacket structures of Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations at subauroral latitudes

Author

Ozaki, M., primary, Shiokawa, K., additional, Miyoshi, Y., additional, Kataoka, R., additional, Yagitani, S., additional, Inoue, T., additional, Ebihara, Y., additional, Jun, C.‐W, additional, Nomura, R., additional, Sakaguchi, K., additional, Otsuka, Y., additional, Shoji, M., additional, Schofield, I., additional, Connors, M., additional, and Jordanova, V. K., additional

Published
2016
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