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3. Retention Rates of ACLS Skills in Senior Medical Students

Author

Schocken D, Peckler B, Onedera T, Nguyen M, and Abrahamsen N

Subjects
Medical education, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, education, Advanced cardiac life support, Identifying problems, Clinical performance, Retention rate, Skills retention, medicine, Observational study, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, business, Simulation
Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the retention rate of Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) skills in third-year medical students who had few clinical opportunities or responsibilities to use them. It was hypothesised that using high-fidelity simulation would increase skills retention. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of 120 rising third year medical students. All students took and eventually passed a full two-day ACLS provider course. Subsequently, during the end of the year Comprehensive Clinical Performance Examination (CCPX) all students participated in a mega code with a Laerdal Hi-Fidelity Simulator. Their performance in 25 critical actions was dichotomously rated as "successful" or "not successful." Results: All students passed the initial ACLS course, six required standard remediation. One hundred and sixteen students took the end of year CCPX exam, and a success rate for critical actions ranged between 3.4% and 100%. Most students did well at recognition of fatal arrhythmias and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Students performed poorly in airway/breathing assessment and management, as well as management of arrhythmias. Conclusions: ACLS skills are an important skill set for up coming physicians, and unless they are used in practice, they deteriote very quickly. Simulation did not increase student retention rates of ACLS skills to a great extent. Students did well in identifying problems, but did not treat these appropriately. This study suggests that educators should examine the goals of teaching ACLS to providers who have not clearly defined role in resuscitation.

Published
2013

4. Reinstatement of Ovarian Cycles in Aged Female Rats by Placement of L-Dopa in the Medial Preoptic Area

Author

Cooper, Ralph L., Brandt, Steven, Linnoila, Markku, Greenberg, Louise H., Dix, Robert K., Weiss, Benjamin, Reichlmeier, K., Enz, A., Iwangoff, P., Meier-Ruge, W., Weiss, L. R., Krop, S., de Sousa, Bryon N., Kendrick, Z. V., Roberts, Jay, Baskin, Steven I., Klug, Thomas L., Adelman, Richard C., Robinette, C. Lee, Mawhinney, Michael G., Moore, Cynthia J., Schwartz, Arthur G., Sorrentino, R. N., Florini, J. R., Schocken, D. D., Roth, G. S., Gill, P. J., Hanson, D. M., Sun, A. Y., Sun, G. Y., Balcavage, Walter X., Bell, Douglas, Cristofalo, Vincent J., Alväger, Torsten, Leyden, James J., McGinley, Kenneth J., Grove, Gary L., Kligman, Albert M., Good, Phillip I., Swislocki, N. I., Tierney, J., Zinberg, J., Pfeffer, S. R., Munkres, K. D., Rana, R. S., Cohen, Edward M., Goldberg, Paula B., Stoner, Sallie-Ann, Olashaw, Nancy E., Roberts, Jay, editor, Adelman, Richard C., editor, and Cristofalo, Vincent J., editor

Published
1978
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5. Familial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) epidemiology: standardization of data for the DIAMOND Project

Author

WHO MULTINATIONAL PROJECT FOR CHILDHOOD DIABETES GROUP, DORMAN JS, BESSAOUD K, DE SEREDAY M, MARTI ML, SCHOBER E, FRANCO LJ, NEGRATO C, RUSSO E, SCHMIDT M, VIVOLO M, COLLE E, SCHIFFRIN A, SIEMIATYCKI J, TAN MH, WORNELL C, CARRASCO E, LOPEZ G, GARCIAS DE LOS RIOS M, MATEO DE ACOSTA O, DIAZ DIAZ O, VERA M, NOROT T, URIATE A, SELMAN GEARA A, HASHEM N, SHAWKI R, EID S, TAHA S, REUNANEN A, TUOMILEHTO J, TUOMILEHTO WOLF E, BOEHM B, ROSAK C, SCHMIDT K, SOLTESZ G, HUNGARIAN CHILDHOOD DIABETES EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY GROUP, RAMACHANDRAN A, MOHAN V, SNEHALATHA C, VISWANATHAN M, VERMA NPS, GOEL A, MUNTONI S, MASILE P, SILVETTI M, SONGINI M, TRONCI P, CHIARELLI F, CHIUMELLO G, MESCHI F, BOGNETTI E, TENCONI M, MARTINETTI M, LORINI R, SEVERI F, POZZILLI P, BOCCUNI M, BUZZETTI R, SEBASTIANI L, VISALLI N, PAGANO G, BRUNO G, MERLETTI F, PISU E, MATSUURA N, FUJIEDA K, OKUNO A, OOYANAGI K, YANO K, MIMURA G, FUTENMA H, HIGA S, MURAKAMI K, NAGAYOSHI M, KHOGALI M, ABDELLA N, GUMAA K, SHALTOUT A, ELLIOTT R, SCOTT R, JONER G, SOVIK O, JIMENEZ J, PALACIOS C, CANETE F, VERA J, ALMIRON R, REWERS M, FICHNA P, WALCZAK M, JOZWIAK M, WOZNICKA D, IONESCU TIRGOVISTE C, CHETA D, GODAY A, CASTELL C, GOMIS R, LLOVERAS G, SERRANO RIOS M, ELAMIN A, ELTAYEB K, OMER M, ZEIN K, DAHLQVIST G, BURDEN A, BODDIGTON M, BURDEN M, SHEERA S, PATTERSON C, HADDEN D, ROSEMAN J, ACTON R, GO R, WAGENKNECHT L, HAMMAN R, KOSTRABA J, MALONE J, LEAVERTON P, SCHOCKEN D, HODGE T, LIPTON R, BALLARD D, PALUMBO P, BROSSEAU J, SUMBURERU D, LAPORTE R, MOY C, TRUCCO M, FRAZER DE LLADO T, PODAR T, ADOJAAN B, KALITS I, GRABAUSKAS V, NORKUS A, PADAIGA Z, PREIKSA R, URBONAITE B, SHUBNIKOV E, KALASHNIKOVA L, KRZISNIK C, KING H., DEVOTI, Gabriele, WHO MULTINATIONAL PROJECT FOR CHILDHOOD DIABETES, Group, Dorman, J, Bessaoud, K, DE SEREDAY, M, Marti, Ml, Schober, E, Franco, Lj, Negrato, C, Russo, E, Schmidt, M, Vivolo, M, Colle, E, Schiffrin, A, Siemiatycki, J, Tan, Mh, Wornell, C, Carrasco, E, Lopez, G, GARCIAS DE LOS RIOS, M, MATEO DE ACOSTA, O, DIAZ DIAZ, O, Vera, M, Norot, T, Uriate, A, SELMAN GEARA, A, Hashem, N, Shawki, R, Eid, S, Taha, S, Reunanen, A, Tuomilehto, J, TUOMILEHTO WOLF, E, Boehm, B, Rosak, C, Schmidt, K, Soltesz, G, HUNGARIAN CHILDHOOD DIABETES EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY, Group, Ramachandran, A, Mohan, V, Snehalatha, C, Viswanathan, M, Verma, Np, Goel, A, Muntoni, S, Masile, P, Silvetti, M, Songini, M, Tronci, P, Chiarelli, F, Chiumello, G, Meschi, F, Bognetti, E, Tenconi, M, Devoti, Gabriele, Martinetti, M, Lorini, R, Severi, F, Pozzilli, P, Boccuni, M, Buzzetti, R, Sebastiani, L, Visalli, N, Pagano, G, Bruno, G, Merletti, F, Pisu, E, Matsuura, N, Fujieda, K, Okuno, A, Ooyanagi, K, Yano, K, Mimura, G, Futenma, H, Higa, S, Murakami, K, Nagayoshi, M, Khogali, M, Abdella, N, Gumaa, K, Shaltout, A, Elliott, R, Scott, R, Joner, G, Sovik, O, Jimenez, J, Palacios, C, Canete, F, Vera, J, Almiron, R, Rewers, M, Fichna, P, Walczak, M, Jozwiak, M, Woznicka, D, IONESCU TIRGOVISTE, C, Cheta, D, Goday, A, Castell, C, Gomis, R, Lloveras, G, SERRANO RIOS, M, Elamin, A, Eltayeb, K, Omer, M, Zein, K, Dahlqvist, G, Burden, A, Boddigton, M, Burden, M, Sheera, S, Patterson, C, Hadden, D, Roseman, J, Acton, R, Go, R, Wagenknecht, L, Hamman, R, Kostraba, J, Malone, J, Leaverton, P, Schocken, D, Hodge, T, Lipton, R, Ballard, D, Palumbo, P, Brosseau, J, Sumbureru, D, Laporte, R, Moy, C, Trucco, M, FRAZER DE LLADO, T, Podar, T, Adojaan, B, Kalits, I, Grabauskas, V, Norkus, A, Padaiga, Z, Preiksa, R, Urbonaite, B, Shubnikov, E, Kalashnikova, L, Krzisnik, C, and King, H.

Published
1991

6. ACCF/AHA 2011 expert consensus document on hypertension in the elderly: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents

Author

Aronow, W, Fleg, J, Pepine, C, Artinian, N, Bakris, G, Brown, A, Ferdinand, K, Forciea, M, Frishman, W, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, J, Mancia, G, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, M, Schocken, D, Weber, M, Wesley, D, Harrington, R, Aronow, WS, Fleg, JL, Pepine, CJ, Artinian, NT, Brown, AS, Ferdinand, KC, Forciea, MA, Frishman, WH, Kostis, JB, MANCIA, GIUSEPPE, Rich, MW, Schocken, DD, Weber, MA, Wesley, DJ, Harrington, RA, Aronow, W, Fleg, J, Pepine, C, Artinian, N, Bakris, G, Brown, A, Ferdinand, K, Forciea, M, Frishman, W, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, J, Mancia, G, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, M, Schocken, D, Weber, M, Wesley, D, Harrington, R, Aronow, WS, Fleg, JL, Pepine, CJ, Artinian, NT, Brown, AS, Ferdinand, KC, Forciea, MA, Frishman, WH, Kostis, JB, MANCIA, GIUSEPPE, Rich, MW, Schocken, DD, Weber, MA, Wesley, DJ, and Harrington, RA

Published
2011

7. ACCF/AHA 2011 expert consensus document on hypertension in the elderly: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents developed in collaboration with the American Academy of Neurology, American Geriatrics Society, American Society for Preventive Cardiology, American Society of Hypertension, American Society of Nephrology, Association of Black Cardiologists, and European Society of Hypertension

Author

Aronow, W, Fleg, J, Pepine, C, Artinian, N, Bakris, G, Brown, A, Ferdinand, K, Ann Forciea, M, Frishman, W, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, J, Mancia, G, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, M, Schocken, D, Weber, M, Wesley, D, Harrington, R, Bates, E, Bhatt, D, Bridges, C, Eisenberg, M, Ferrari, V, Fisher, J, Gardner, T, Gentile, F, Gilson, M, Hlatky, M, Jacobs, A, Kaul, S, Moliterno, D, Mukherjee, D, Rosenson, R, Stein, J, Weitz, H, Aronow, WS, Fleg, JL, Pepine, CJ, Artinian, NT, Brown, AS, Ferdinand, KC, Frishman, WH, Kostis, JB, Rich, MW, Schocken, DD, Weber, MA, Wesley, DJ, Harrington, RA, Bates, ER, Bhatt, DL, Bridges, CR, Eisenberg, MJ, Ferrari, VA, Fisher, JD, Gardner, TJ, Gilson, MF, Hlatky, MA, Jacobs, AK, Moliterno, DJ, Rosenson, RS, Stein, JH, Weitz, HH, MANCIA, GIUSEPPE, Aronow, W, Fleg, J, Pepine, C, Artinian, N, Bakris, G, Brown, A, Ferdinand, K, Ann Forciea, M, Frishman, W, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, J, Mancia, G, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, M, Schocken, D, Weber, M, Wesley, D, Harrington, R, Bates, E, Bhatt, D, Bridges, C, Eisenberg, M, Ferrari, V, Fisher, J, Gardner, T, Gentile, F, Gilson, M, Hlatky, M, Jacobs, A, Kaul, S, Moliterno, D, Mukherjee, D, Rosenson, R, Stein, J, Weitz, H, Aronow, WS, Fleg, JL, Pepine, CJ, Artinian, NT, Brown, AS, Ferdinand, KC, Frishman, WH, Kostis, JB, Rich, MW, Schocken, DD, Weber, MA, Wesley, DJ, Harrington, RA, Bates, ER, Bhatt, DL, Bridges, CR, Eisenberg, MJ, Ferrari, VA, Fisher, JD, Gardner, TJ, Gilson, MF, Hlatky, MA, Jacobs, AK, Moliterno, DJ, Rosenson, RS, Stein, JH, Weitz, HH, and MANCIA, GIUSEPPE

Published
2011

22. Disposition of vessel dilator and long-acting natriuretic peptide in healthy humans after a one-hour infusion.

Author

H, Ackerman B, M, Overton R, T, McCormick M, D, Schocken D, and L, Vesely D

Abstract

The present investigation was designed to determine half-lives, distribution phases and metabolic clearance of two new cardiac peptide hormones in humans. Long-acting natriuretic peptide (LANP) and vessel dilator were infused at 100 ng/kg of b.wt./min concentrations for 60 min with their respective concentrations measured by specific radioimmunoassays in plasma during and for 3 hr after infusion. The half-life of vessel dilator was 107 min, whereas the half-life of LANP was 28 min. The average time that the respective peptides were retained in the body (mean residence time) was 214 +/- 34 min for vessel dilator and 178 +/- 12 min for LANP, which indicates that they are widely distributed outside the initial space (i.e., circulation). The metabolic clearance normalized to 1.73 m2 body surface area was 241 ml/min for vessel dilator and 249 ml/min for LANP. The total body clearance normalized to 1.73 m2 body surface area was 130 ml/min for vessel dilator and 293 ml/min for LANP. The significantly (P < .001) longer half-lives and slower metabolic clearance of LANP and vessel dilator compared with atrial natriuretic factor (half-life, 2.5 min, metabolic clearance, 582-2,581 ml/min/1.7 m2) explain why these peptides circulate at concentrations 15- to 24-fold higher than atrial natriuretic factor in healthy humans.

Published
1997

24. Simulation in a high stakes clinical performance exam

Author

Peckler Brad, Schocken Dawn, and Paula Richard

Subjects
Education, simulation, testing, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

Background: Hi-fidelity simulation is becoming accepted as a teaching tool for medical providers. Advanced simulations allow educators to test difficult clinical scenarios. The goal of this study was to test the diagnostic and treatment skills of a third-year medical student faced with a simulated patient having evidence of a stable pneumothorax. Students are then expected to evaluate the teaching simulation in comparison to traditional methods. Methods: The case was one of a 12 cases in the "high stakes" Clinical Performance Exam. The patient with evidence of a stable pneumothorax was chosen to evaluate both diagnostic abilities and decision making in therapeutic options. Students were assessed using a university-wide standardized checklist: diagnosis, management, and interaction with the simulator. Immediately following the simulation, the students evaluated the experience. Results: The exam was given to 117 students. The correct diagnosis was made by 115/117 (98%). Treatment was considered acceptable in a majority of students, Send patient to the Emergency Department 77%, Oxygen 26% and Analgesia 39%. The follow-up survey completed by 78% of the students revealed the students felt comfortable with the simulators, but had concerns about the exam. Students liked the simulator as an educational tool 88% of the time. Conclusions: Simulation was used in a year-end exam and majority of students chose the correct diagnosis and treatment plan. It was also found that a significant percentage of students performed an unnecessary and potentially harmful procedure. The survey revealed that students were concerned about distractions and realism, but overall expressed desire for more education using simulation.

Published
2009

25. FAMILIAL INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS (IDDM) EPIDEMIOLOGY - STANDARDIZATION OF DATA FOR THE DIAMOND PROJECT

Author

Dorman, Js, Bessaoud, K., Desereday, M., Marti, M., Schober, E., Franco, L., Carlos Antonio Negrato, Russo, E., Schmidt, M., Vivolo, M., Colle, E., Schiffrin, A., Siemiatycki, J., Tan, Mh, Wornell, C., Carrasco, E., Lopez, G., Delosrios, Mg, Deacosta, Om, Diazdiaz, O., Vera, M., Norot, T., Uriate, A., Selmangeara, A., Hashem, N., Shawki, R., Eid, S., Taha, S., Reunanen, A., Tuomilehto, J., Tuomilehtowolf, E., Boehm, B., Rosak, C., Schmidt, K., Soltesz, G., Ramachandran, A., Mohan, V., Snehalatha, C., Viswanathan, M., Verma, Nps, Goel, A., Muntoni, S., Masile, P., Silvetti, M., Songini, M., Tronci, P., Chiarelli, F., Chiumello, G., Meschi, F., Bognetti, E., Tenconi, M., Devoti, G., Martinetti, M., Lorini, R., Severi, F., Pozzilli, P., Boccuni, M., Buzzetti, R., Sebastiani, L., Visalli, N., Pagano, G., Bruno, G., Merletti, F., Pisu, E., Matsuura, N., Fujieda, K., Okuno, A., Ooyanagi, K., Yano, K., Mimura, G., Futenma, H., Higa, S., Murakami, K., Nagayoshi, M., Khogali, M., Abdella, N., Gumaa, K., Shaltout, A., Elliott, R., Scott, R., Joner, G., Sovik, O., Jimenez, J., Palacios, C., Canete, F., Vera, J., Almiron, R., Rewers, M., Fichna, P., Walczak, M., Jozwiak, M., Woznicka, D., Ionescutirgoviste, C., Cheta, D., Goday, A., Castell, C., Gomis, R., Lloveras, G., Serranorios, M., Elamin, A., Eltayeb, K., Omer, M., Zein, K., Dahlqvist, G., Burden, A., Boddington, M., Burden, M., Sheera, S., Patterson, C., Hadden, D., Roseman, J., Acton, R., Go, R., Wagenknecht, L., Hamman, R., Kostraba, J., Malone, J., Leaverton, P., Schocken, D., Hodge, T., Lipton, R., Ballard, D., Palumbo, P., Brosseau, J., Sumbureru, D., Dorman, J., Laporte, R., Moy, C., Trucco, M., Dellado, Tf, Podar, T., Adojaan, B., Kalits, I., Grabauskas, V., Norkus, A., Padaiga, Z., Preiksa, R., Urbonaite, B., Shubnikov, E., Kalashnikova, L., Krzisnik, C., and King, H.

31. 396

Author

Knight, P. O., primary, Schocken, D. D., additional, Powers, F. S., additional, Feld, J., additional, and Smith, J. T., additional

Published
1987
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34. Cardio-protective effects of carnitine in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Author

Malone Michael A, Cuthbertson David D, Malone John I, and Schocken Douglas D

Subjects
Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Abstract Background Streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ-D) in rats has been associated with carnitine deficiency, bradycardia and left ventricular enlargement. Aim The purpose of this study was to determine whether oral carnitine supplementation would normalize carnitine levels and cardiac function in STZ-D rats. Methods Wistar rats (48) were made hyperglycemic by STZ at 26 weeks of age. Same age normal Wistar rats (24) were used for comparison. Echocardiograms were performed at baseline 2, 6, 10, and 18 weeks after STZ administration in all animals. HbA1c, serum carnitine and free fatty acids (FFA) were measured at the same times. Since STZ-D rats become carnitine deficient, 15 STZ-D rats received supplemental oral carnitine for 16 weeks. Results The heart rates for the STZ-D rats (290 ± 19 bpm) were less than control rats (324 ± 20 bpm) (p < 0.05). After 4 weeks of oral carnitine supplementation, the serum carnitine and heart rates of the STZ-D rats returned to normal. Dobutamine stress increased the heart rates of all study animals, but the increase in STZ-D rats (141 ± 8 bpm) was greater than controls (79 ± 8 bpm) (p < 0.05). The heart rates of STZ-D rats given oral carnitine, however, were no different than controls (94 ± 9 bpm). The left ventricular mass/body weight ratio (LVM/BW) in the diabetic animals (2.7 ± 0.5) was greater than control animals (2.2 ± 0.3) (p < 0.05) after 18 weeks of diabetes. In contrast, the LVM/BW (2.3 ± .2) of the STZ-D animals receiving supplemental carnitine was the same as the control animals at 18 weeks. Conclusion Thus, supplemental oral carnitine in STZ-D rats normalized serum carnitine, heart rate regulation and left ventricular size. These findings suggest a metabolic mechanism for the cardiac dysfunction noted in this diabetic animal model.

Published
2006
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35. Effects of kaliuretic peptide on sodium and water excretion in persons with congestive heart failure.

Author

Nasser, Ali, Dietz, John R., Siddique, Maqsood, Patel, Hamang, Khan, Nadim, Antwi, Ernest K., San Miguel, Gloria I., McCormick, Michael T., Schocken, Douglas D., Vesely, David L., Nasser, A, Dietz, J R, Siddique, M, Patel, H, Khan, N, Antwi, E K, San Miguel, G I, McCormick, M T, Schocken, D D, and Vesely, D L

Subjects
*ATRIAL natriuretic peptides, *CONGESTIVE heart failure, *ENZYME inhibitors, *ANALYSIS of variance, *COMPARATIVE studies, *CREATININE, *HEART failure, *HYPOTENSION, *INTRAVENOUS therapy, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICAL cooperation, *POTASSIUM, *PROTEIN precursors, *RESEARCH, *SODIUM, *URINATION, *WATER, *EVALUATION research, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Kaliuretic peptide, a 20-amino acid peptide hormone synthesized in the heart, enhances urine flow twofold, whereas atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) enhances urine flow four- to 11-fold in healthy persons. The present investigation was designed to (1) determine whether kaliuretic peptide may have beneficial diuretic effects in persons with congestive heart failure (CHF), and (2) compare its beneficial effects with ANP in the treatment of CHF. Kaliuretic peptide (100 ng/kg body weight/min) given intravenously for 60 minutes to subjects with New York Heart Association class III CHF increased urine flow fourfold (p <0.001), which was maximal 212 hours after its infusion was stopped. Kaliuretic peptide enhanced sodium excretion threefold in subjects with CHF (p <0.01). Kaliuretic peptide increased the urinary excretion rate of potassium ion and fractional excretion of potassium 3.5- and twofold (p <0.05), respectively. ANP (same concentration) did not significantly enhance urine flow. ANP enhanced sodium excretion two- to sixfold in half of the CHF subjects, whereas it had no effect on sodium excretion in the other half. ANP did not significantly increase fractional excretion of sodium but did increase fractional excretion of potassium (p <0.05) during the first 20 minutes of its infusion. ANP-infused patients with CHF became hypotensive. None became hypotensive secondary to kaliuretic peptide. These data indicate that the diuretic properties of kaliuretic peptide in persons with CHF, as opposed to those of ANP, are not diminished (but rather are increased) compared with their effects in healthy persons. In patients with CHF, kaliuretic peptide causes a natriuresis-a feature not observed in those without sodium retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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36. ACCF/AHA 2011 Expert Consensus Document on Hypertension in the Elderly

Author

Wilbert S, Aronow, Jerome L, Fleg, Carl J, Pepine, Nancy T, Artinian, George, Bakris, Alan S, Brown, Keith C, Ferdinand, Mary Ann, Forciea, William H, Frishman, Cheryl, Jaigobin, John B, Kostis, Giuseppi, Mancia, Suzanne, Oparil, Eduardo, Ortiz, Efrain, Reisin, Michael W, Rich, Douglas D, Schocken, Michael A, Weber, Deborah J, Wesley, Robert A, Harrington, Erin A, Barrett, Aronow, W, Fleg, J, Pepine, C, Artinian, N, Bakris, G, Brown, A, Ferdinand, K, Forciea, M, Frishman, W, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, J, Mancia, G, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, M, Schocken, D, Weber, M, Wesley, D, and Harrington, R

Subjects
United State, Research Report, medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Advisory Committees, Cardiology, Alternative medicine, MEDLINE, Appropriate Use Criteria, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Foundation, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Advisory Committee, Geriatrics, business.industry, Task force, Foundation (evidence), Expert consensus, Subject (documents), American Heart Association, United States, Hypertension, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Foundations, Human
Abstract

This document has been developed as an expert consensus document by the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) and the American Heart Association (AHA), in collaboration with the American Academy of Neurology (AAN), the American College of Physicians (ACP), the American Geriatrics Society (AGS), the American Society of Hypertension (ASH), the American Society of Nephrology (ASN), the American Society for Preventive Cardiology (ASPC), the Association of Black Cardiologists (ABC), and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH). Expert consensus documents are intended to inform practitioners, payers, and other interested parties of the opinion of ACCF and document cosponsors concerning evolving areas of clinical practice and/or technologies that are widely available or new to the practice community. Topics chosen for coverage by expert consensus documents are so designed because the evidence base, the experience with technology, and/or clinical practice are not considered sufficiently well developed to be evaluated by the formal ACCF/AHA practice guidelines process. Often the topic is the subject of considerable ongoing investigation. Thus, the reader should view the expert consensus document as the best attempt of the ACCF and document cosponsors to inform and guide clinical practice in areas where rigorous evidence may not yet be available or evidence to date is not widely applied to clinical practice. When feasible, expert consensus documents include indications or contraindications. Typically, formal recommendations are not provided in expert consensus documents as these documents do not formally grade the quality of evidence, and the provision of “Recommendations” is felt to be more appropriately within the purview of the ACCF/AHA practice guidelines. However, recommendations from ACCF/AHA practice guidelines and ACCF appropriate use criteria are presented where pertinent to the discussion. The writing committee is in agreement with these recommendations. Finally, some topics covered by expert consensus documents will be addressed subsequently by the ACCF/AHA …

Published
2011

37. ACCF/AHA 2011 expert consensus document on hypertension in the elderly: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents developed in collaboration with the American Academy of Neurology, American Geriatrics Society, American Society for Preventive Cardiology, American Society of Hypertension, American Society of Nephrology, Association of Black Cardiologists, and European Society of Hypertension

Author

Aronow, WS, Fleg, JL, Pepine, CJ, Artinian, NT, Bakris, G, Brown, AS, Ferdinand, KC, Ann Forciea, M, Frishman, WH, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, JB, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, MW, Schocken, DD, Weber, MA, Wesley, DJ, Harrington, RA, Bates, ER, Bhatt, DL, Bridges, CR, Eisenberg, MJ, Ferrari, VA, Fisher, JD, Gardner, TJ, Gentile, F, Gilson, MF, Hlatky, MA, Jacobs, AK, Kaul, S, Moliterno, DJ, Mukherjee, D, Rosenson, RS, Stein, JH, Weitz, HH, MANCIA, GIUSEPPE, Aronow, W, Fleg, J, Pepine, C, Artinian, N, Bakris, G, Brown, A, Ferdinand, K, Ann Forciea, M, Frishman, W, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, J, Mancia, G, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, M, Schocken, D, Weber, M, Wesley, D, Harrington, R, Bates, E, Bhatt, D, Bridges, C, Eisenberg, M, Ferrari, V, Fisher, J, Gardner, T, Gentile, F, Gilson, M, Hlatky, M, Jacobs, A, Kaul, S, Moliterno, D, Mukherjee, D, Rosenson, R, Stein, J, and Weitz, H

Subjects
Kidney Disease, Diabetic Angiopathie, Myocardial Ischemia, Blood Pressure, Comorbidity, Kidney, Renal Artery Obstruction, Ventricular Function, Left, Ventricular Function Left, Renin-Angiotensin System, Drug Therapy Combination, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Disease, Prevalence, Humans, Life Style, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Risk Factor, Nutrition Survey, Blood Pressure Determination, Nutrition Surveys, Antihypertensive Agent, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypertension, Drug Therapy, Combination, Kidney Diseases, Diabetic Angiopathies, Human
Published
2011

38. ACCF/AHA 2011 Expert Consensus Document on Hypertension in the Elderly A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents Developed in Collaboration With the American Academy of Neurology, American Geriatrics Society, American Society for Preventive Cardiology, American Society of Hypertension, American Society of Nephrology, Association of Black Cardiologists, and European Society of Hypertension

Author

Aronow, WS, Fleg, JL, Pepine, CJ, Artinian, NT, Bakris, G, Brown, AS, Ferdinand, KC, Ann Forciea, M, Frishman, WH, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, JB, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, MW, Schocken, DD, Weber, MA, Wesley, DJ, MANCIA, GIUSEPPE, Aronow, W, Fleg, J, Pepine, C, Artinian, N, Bakris, G, Brown, A, Ferdinand, K, Ann Forciea, M, Frishman, W, Jaigobin, C, Kostis, J, Mancia, G, Oparil, S, Ortiz, E, Reisin, E, Rich, M, Schocken, D, Weber, M, and Wesley, D

Subjects
United State, hypertension therapy, Consensus, Advisory Committees, Cardiology, Black People, Consensu, hypertension comorbidities, elderly, Physicians, Humans, Cooperative Behavior, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Societies, Medical, African Continental Ancestry Group, Aged, Advisory Committee, hypertension pathophysiology, ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, risk assessment, ACCF/AHA Expert Consensus Documents, American Heart Association, antihypertensive agents, United States, Europe, Neurology, Physician, Geriatrics, Nephrology, Hypertension, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Geriatric, Human
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