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1. Humid Evolution of Haze in the Atmosphere of Super-Earths in the Habitable Zone

Author

Maillard, Julien, Carrasco, Nathalie, Rüger, Christopher P., Chatain, Audrey, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Weisbrod, Chad R., Bailly, Laetitia, Petit, Emilie, Gautier, Thomas, McKenna, Amy M., and Afonso, Carlos

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Photochemical hazes are expected to form and significantly contribute to the chemical and radiative balance of exoplanets with relatively moderate temperatures, possibly in the habitable zone of their host star. In the presence of humidity, haze particles might thus serve as cloud condensation nuclei and trigger the formation of water droplets. In the present work, we are interested in the chemical impact of such a close interaction between photochemical hazes and humidity on the organic content composing the hazes and on the capacity to generate organic molecules with high prebiotic potential. For this purpose, we explore experimentally the sweet spot by combining N-dominated super-Earth exoplanets in agreement with Titan's rich organic photochemistry and humid conditions expected for exoplanets in habitable zones. A logarithmic increase with time is observed for the relative abundance of oxygenated species, with O-containing molecules dominating after 1 month only. The rapidity of the process suggests that the humid evolution of N-rich organic haze provides an efficient source of molecules with high prebiotic potential.

Published
2023
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2. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of the phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase prevents obesity and cardiac ischemic injury

Author

Leuillier, Matthieu, Duflot, Thomas, Ménoret, Séverine, Messaoudi, Hind, Djerada, Zoubir, Groussard, Déborah, Denis, Raphaël GP, Chevalier, Laurence, Karoui, Ahmed, Panthu, Baptiste, Thiébaut, Pierre-Alain, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Nobis, Séverine, Campart, Cynthia, Henry, Tiphaine, Sautreuil, Camille, Luquet, Serge H, Beseme, Olivia, Féliu, Catherine, Peyret, Hélène, Nicol, Lionel, Henry, Jean-Paul, Renet, Sylvanie, Mulder, Paul, Wan, Debin, Tesson, Laurent, Heslan, Jean-Marie, Duché, Angéline, Jacques, Sébastien, Ziegler, Frédéric, Brunel, Valéry, Rautureau, Gilles JP, Monteil, Christelle, do Rego, Jean-Luc, do Rego, Jean-Claude, Afonso, Carlos, Hammock, Bruce, Madec, Anne-Marie, Pinet, Florence, Richard, Vincent, Anegon, Ignacio, Guignabert, Christophe, Morisseau, Christophe, and Bellien, Jérémy

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Genetics, Obesity, Nutrition, Cardiovascular, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Animals, Female, Male, Rats, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Epoxide Hydrolases, Heart Diseases, Heart Injuries, Insulin Resistance, Lysophospholipids, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Reperfusion Injury, Soluble epoxide hydrolase, Lipid phosphatase, CRISPR-Cas9, Thermogenesis, Cardiac ischemic injury
Abstract

IntroductionAlthough the physiological role of the C-terminal hydrolase domain of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH-H) is well investigated, the function of its N-terminal phosphatase activity (sEH-P) remains unknown.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess in vivo the physiological role of sEH-P.MethodsCRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate a novel knock-in (KI) rat line lacking the sEH-P activity.ResultsThe sEH-P KI rats has a decreased metabolism of lysophosphatidic acids to monoacyglycerols. KI rats grew almost normally but with less weight and fat mass gain while insulin sensitivity was increased compared to wild-type rats. This lean phenotype was more marked in males than in female KI rats and mainly due to decreased food consumption and enhanced energy expenditure. In fact, sEH-P KI rats had an increased lipolysis allowing to supply fatty acids as fuel to potentiate brown adipose thermogenesis under resting condition and upon cold exposure. The potentiation of thermogenesis was abolished when blocking PPARγ, a nuclear receptor activated by intracellular lysophosphatidic acids, but also when inhibiting simultaneously sEH-H, showing a functional interaction between the two domains. Furthermore, sEH-P KI rats fed a high-fat diet did not gain as much weight as the wild-type rats, did not have increased fat mass and did not develop insulin resistance or hepatic steatosis. In addition, sEH-P KI rats exhibited enhanced basal cardiac mitochondrial activity associated with an enhanced left ventricular contractility and were protected against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury.ConclusionOur study reveals that sEH-P is a key player in energy and fat metabolism and contributes together with sEH-H to the regulation of cardiometabolic homeostasis. The development of pharmacological inhibitors of sEH-P appears of crucial importance to evaluate the interest of this promising therapeutic strategy in the management of obesity and cardiac ischemic complications.

Published
2023

3. Structural study of analogues of Titan s haze by trapped ion mobility coupled with a Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometer

Author

Rueger, Christopher P., Maillard, Julien, Maitre, Johann Le, Ridgeway, Mark, Thompson, Christopher J., Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Gautier, Thomas, Carrasco, Nathalie, Park, Melvin A., Giusti, Pierre, and Afonso, Carlos

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The aerosols present in the atmosphere of the Saturn s moon Titan are of particular planetary science interest and several spacecraft missions already allowed to gather spectroscopic data. Titan haze s analogs, so-called tholins, were produced on earth to push forward the comprehension of their formation and properties. In this study, this highly complex mixture was analyzed here for the first time by trapped ion mobility spectrometry coupled to ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FTICR MS). Electrospray ionization revealed the characteristic CHNx-class components, with CHN5-6 and DBE 6-7 most abundant. Deploying specialized visualization, enabled by accurate mass measurements and elemental composition assignments, the adapted Kendrick mass defect analysis highlights the C2H3N homolog series, whereas the nitrogen-modified van Krevelen diagram exhibits a clear trend towards H/C 1.5 and N/C 0.5. More interestingly, the representation of m/z versus collision cross section (CCS) allowed hypothesizing a ramified N-PAH structural motif. State-of-the-art IMS is currently not able to resolve the isomeric continuum of ultra-complex mixtures; thus peak parameter other than the CCS-value are explored. As such, analyzing the mobility peak width versus m/z shows a linear increase in isomeric diversity between m/z 170 and 350 and a near plateau in diversity at higher m/z for the N-PAH-like structure. Due to the high complexity of the sample, these structural insights are only to be revealed by TIMS-FTICR MS., Comment: Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 2019

Published
2019
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6. Comparison of soluble and insoluble organic matter in analogues of Titan s aerosols

Author

Maillard, Julien, Carrasco, Nathalie, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Gautier, Thomas, and Afonso, Carlos

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Titan, the biggest moon of Saturn, has a thick atmosphere which presents similarities with the one thought to be on Earth at its beginning. The study of Titan s photochemical haze is thus a precious tool in gaining knowledge of the primitive atmosphere of Earth. The chemistry occurring in Titan s atmosphere and the exact processes at act in the formation of the hazes remain largely unknown. The production of analogs samples on Earth has proved to be a useful tool to improve our knowledge of the aerosols formation on Titan. Such solid organic analogs samples, named tholins, were produced with the PAMPRE experiment (French acronym for Aerosols Microgravity Production by Reactive Plasma). PAMPRE tholins were found to be mostly insoluble, with only one-third of the bulk sample that can be dissolved in methanol. This partial solubility limited the previous studies in mass spectrometry, which were done only on the soluble fraction. The goal of the present study is to compare the two fractions of PAMPRE s tholins (insoluble and soluble) using a ultra-high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer (FTICR) equipped with a laser desorption/ionization source. Using modified Van Krevelen diagrams, we compare the global distribution of the molecules within the samples according to their Hydrogen/Carbon ratio and Nitrogen/Carbon ratio. Major differences are observed in the molecular composition of the soluble and the insoluble fraction. The soluble fraction of tholins was previously identified as a set of polymers of average formula (C2H3N)n. In this work we observe that the insoluble fraction of tholins is comprised of a significantly different set of polymers with an average composition of (C4H3N2)n.

Published
2018
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10. Development of HPLC-Orbitrap method for identification of N-bearing molecules in complex organic material relevant to planetary environments

Author

Gautier, Thomas, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Touboul, David, Szopa, Cyril, Buch, Arnaud, and Carrasco, Nathalie

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Although the Cassini Spacecraft and the Huygens lander provided numerous information about Titan atmospheric chemistry and the formation of its aerosols, the exact composition of these aerosols still remains unknown. A fruitful proxy to investigate these aerosols is the use of laboratory experiments that allow producing and studying analogs of Titan aerosol, the so35 called tholins. Even when produced in the laboratory, unveiling the exact composition of the aerosol remains problematic due to the high complexity of the material. Numerous advances have been recently made using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) (Pernot et al. 2010, Somogyi et al. 2012, Gautier et al. 2014) that allowed the separation of isobaric compounds and a robust identification of chemical species composing tholins regarding their molecular formulae. Nevertheless isomeric species cannot be resolved by a simple mass measurement. We propose here an analysis of tholins by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to HRMS to unveil this isomeric ambiguity for some of the major tholins compounds. By comparing chromatograms obtained when analyzing tholins and chemical standards, we strictly identified seven molecules in our tholins samples: melamine, cyanoguanidine, 6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine, 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine, 3-amino- 1,2,4-triazole, 3,5-Dimethyl-1,2,4-triazole and 2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazine. Several molecules, including hexamethylenetriamine (HMT) were not present at detectable levels in our sample. The use for the first time of a coupled HPLC-HRMS technique applied to tholins study demonstrated the interest of such a technique compared to single high-resolution mass spectrometry for the study of tholins composition.

Published
2016
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20. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of the phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase prevents obesity and cardiac ischemic injury

Author

Leuillier, Matthieu, primary, Duflot, Thomas, additional, Ménoret, Séverine, additional, Messaoudi, Hind, additional, Djerada, Zoubir, additional, Groussard, Déborah, additional, Denis, Raphaël G.P., additional, Chevalier, Laurence, additional, Karoui, Ahmed, additional, Panthu, Baptiste, additional, Thiébaut, Pierre-Alain, additional, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, additional, Nobis, Séverine, additional, Campart, Cynthia, additional, Henry, Tiphaine, additional, Sautreuil, Camille, additional, Luquet, Serge H., additional, Beseme, Olivia, additional, Féliu, Catherine, additional, Peyret, Hélène, additional, Nicol, Lionel, additional, Henry, Jean-Paul, additional, Renet, Sylvanie, additional, Mulder, Paul, additional, Wan, Debin, additional, Tesson, Laurent, additional, Heslan, Jean-Marie, additional, Duché, Angéline, additional, Jacques, Sébastien, additional, Ziegler, Frédéric, additional, Brunel, Valéry, additional, Rautureau, Gilles J.P., additional, Monteil, Christelle, additional, do Rego, Jean-Luc, additional, do Rego, Jean-Claude, additional, Afonso, Carlos, additional, Hammock, Bruce, additional, Madec, Anne-Marie, additional, Pinet, Florence, additional, Richard, Vincent, additional, Anegon, Ignacio, additional, Guignabert, Christophe, additional, Morisseau, Christophe, additional, and Bellien, Jérémy, additional

Published
2023
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24. Large-Scale Interlaboratory DI-FT-ICR MS Comparability Study Employing Various Systems

Author

Forcisi, Sara, primary, Moritz, Franco, additional, Thompson, Christopher J., additional, Kanawati, Basem, additional, Uhl, Jenny, additional, Afonso, Carlos, additional, Bader, Chantal D., additional, Barsch, Aiko, additional, Boughton, Berin A., additional, Chu, Rosalie K., additional, Ferey, Justine, additional, Fernandez-Lima, Francisco, additional, Guéguen, Céline, additional, Heintz, Dimitri, additional, Gomez-Hernandez, Mario, additional, Jang, Kyoung-Soon, additional, Kessler, Nikolas, additional, Mangal, Vaughn, additional, Müller, Rolf, additional, Nakabayashi, Ryo, additional, Nicol, Edith, additional, Nicolardi, Simone, additional, Palmblad, Magnus, additional, Paša-Tolić, Ljiljana, additional, Porter, Jacob, additional, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, additional, Seo, Jong Bok, additional, Sommella, Eduardo, additional, van der Burgt, Yuri E. M., additional, Villette, Claire, additional, Witt, Matthias, additional, Wittrig, Ashley, additional, Wolff, Jeremy J., additional, Easterling, Michael L., additional, Laukien, Frank H., additional, and Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe, additional

Published
2022
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26. Organic chemistry on the surface of jovian icy satellites: formation of complex refractory organic matter by implantation of sulfur ions into water-alkanes ices

Author

Bouquet, Alexis, primary, Danger, Grégoire, additional, Tenelanda-osorio, Laura, additional, Boduch, Philippe, additional, Rothard, Hermann, additional, Maillard, Julien, additional, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, additional, Afonso, Carlos, additional, Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe, additional, Duvernay, Fabrice, additional, Pires da Costa, Cintia, additional, and Honold, Lawry, additional

Published
2022
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34. Integrative Metabolomics Reveals Deep Tissue and Systemic Metabolic Remodeling in Glioblastoma

Author

Gilard, Vianney, primary, Ferey, Justine, additional, Marguet, Florent, additional, Fontanilles, Maxime, additional, Ducatez, Franklin, additional, Pilon, Carine, additional, Lesueur, Céline, additional, Pereira, Tony, additional, Basset, Carole, additional, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, additional, Di Fioré, Frédéric, additional, Laquerrière, Annie, additional, Afonso, Carlos, additional, Derrey, Stéphane, additional, Marret, Stéphane, additional, Bekri, Soumeya, additional, and Tebani, Abdellah, additional

Published
2021
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37. Tholinomics--chemical analysis of nitrogen-rich polymers

Author

Pemot, Pascal, Carrasco, Nathalie, Thissen, Roland, and Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle

Subjects
Polymers -- Chemical properties, Polymers -- Composition, Nitrogen -- Chemical properties, Chemistry, Analytic -- Technology application, Technology application, Chemistry
Abstract

The polymeric composition of Titan's tholins--laboratory analogues of Titan's aerosols-is elucidated using high-resolution mass spectrometry. This complex organic matter is produced by plasma discharge in a gaseous nitrogen-methane mixture and analyzed with a hybrid linear trap/orbitrap mass-spectrometer. The highly structured mass spectra are treated with tools developed for petrolcomics (Kendrick and van Krevelen diagrams), with original adaptations for nitrogen-rich compounds. Our goal is to find the best chemical basis set to describe the compositional space that these polymers occupy, to shed light onto the chemical structure of tholins. We succeeded in assigning the molecules identified in the mass spectra of tholins to a small number of regularly distributed X-[([CH.sub.2).sub.2m][(HCN).sub.2] families, where the balanced copolymer (m = n) is determined to play a central role. Within each family, the polymer lengths n and m present Poisson-type distributions. We also identify the smallest species of a subset of families as linear and cyclic amino nitrile compounds of great astrobiological interest: biguanide, guanidin, acetamidine, aminoacetonitrile, and methylimidazole. 10.1021/ac902458q

Published
2010

38. Imaging Titan’s Organic Haze at Atomic Scale

Author

Schulz, Fabian, primary, Maillard, Julien, additional, Kaiser, Katharina, additional, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, additional, Gautier, Thomas, additional, Afonso, Carlos, additional, Carrasco, Nathalie, additional, and Gross, Leo, additional

Published
2021
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41. Analysis of octyl- and nonylphenol and their ethoxylates in water and sediments by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Author

Loyo-Rosales, Jorge E., Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Rice, Clifford P., and Torrents, Alba

Subjects
Chemistry, Analytic -- Research, Chemistry
Abstract

The ubiquitous presence of alkylphenol ethoxylates in the environment as well as concern for endocrine disruption effects in biota caused by their degradation products (such as octyl- and nonylphenol) has raised interest in the environmental fate of these compounds. As part of an effort to model their behavior in a subestuary of the Chesapeake Bay, a quantitative method for the analysis of octyl- and nonylphenol, and their ethoxylates (1-5) in water and sediment was developed. Extraction procedures are based on solid-phase extraction techniques. Identification and quantitation of the analytes is done by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Instrument detection limits for the compounds ranged from 0.1 to 9 pg injected on column, which allowed method detection limits of 0.04-3 ng/L in water and 0.2-13 ng/g of dry weight in sediment. The method was used to analyze water and sediment from the Back River, MD, where concentrations for the individual compounds ranged from

Published
2003

42. Unprecedented Molecular Diversity Revealed in Meteoritic Insoluble Organic Matter: The Paris Meteorite’s Case

Author

Danger, Grégoire, primary, Ruf, Alexander, additional, Maillard, Julien, additional, Hertzog, Jasmine, additional, Vinogradoff, Vassilissa, additional, Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe, additional, Afonso, Carlos, additional, Carrasco, Nathalie, additional, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, additional, d’Hendecourt, Louis Le Sergeant, additional, and Remusat, Laurent, additional

Published
2020
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43. High‐resolution mass spectrometry for future space missions: Comparative analysis of complex organic matter with LAb‐CosmOrbitrap and laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance

Author

Selliez, Laura, primary, Maillard, Julien, additional, Cherville, Barnabe, additional, Gautier, Thomas, additional, Thirkell, Laurent, additional, Gaubicher, Bertrand, additional, Schmitz‐Afonso, Isabelle, additional, Afonso, Carlos, additional, Briois, Christelle, additional, and Carrasco, Nathalie, additional

Published
2020
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45. Cartography of secondary metabolites from yeast strains by LC-MS/MS

Author

Perruchon, Olivier, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Grondin, Cecile, Casaregola, Serge, Afonso, Carlos, Elomri, Abdelhakim, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
[CHIM]Chemical Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2019

46. Molecular networking and ion mobility complementarity in metabolites identification of a Fagara heitzii extract

Author

Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Prévost, Candice, Elomri, Abdelhakim, Afonso, Carlos, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry
Abstract

International audience; Plants are an invaluable natural source of active compounds. Studying these secondary metabolites is of great interest for medicine and biotechnology. Nevertheless, the amount of data generated after a LC-MS/MS analysis induces an important work to target known metabolites and focus the efforts on unknown structures. Therefore, molecular networking has been developed to associate families of compounds based on their MS/MS fingerprint and to implement database searches. This tool considerably enhances metabolite search.[1,2] In addition, coupling liquid chromatography-ion mobility-mass spectrometry (LC-IM-MS) increases the efficiency of separation and brings an additional parameter of characterization. Indeed, collision cross section (CCS) is an intrinsic property of a given compound, it could increase reliability of compound annotation in metabolomics by comparing experimental CCS either with reference values in the case of known compounds, or with theoretical CCS values in the case of unknown compounds.[3,4]We work on Zanthoxylum heitzii or Fagara heitzii, which is a tree from the Rutaceae family. This medicinal plant is widely used in central Africa for the treatment of many diseases such as cancers, syphilis and malaria but limited amount of chemical and pharmacological studies have been conducted. Previous phytochemical investigations reported compounds including amides, lignanes, alkaloids, steroids and terpenes and were realized by performing extraction, isolation steps followed by characterization of the purified compounds. [5,6] To gain in time and resources, our objective was to develop analytical tools to study different parts of the plant: root, leaf, bark and branch. We worked on the polar methanol extract of each part. Each extract was analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem - mass spectrometry (MS-MS) or ion mobility - mass spectrometry (IM-MS), with a hybrid quadrupole-time of flight analyzer, equipped with an ion mobility cell. On the one hand, MS-MS parameters were optimized in the objective to build molecular networks using the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking platform. These data analysis tools allowed us to compare fragmentation profiles of the different compounds in each extract and between the different extracts. On the other hand, IM-MS data were acquired to determine the collision cross sections (CCS) of each compound detected in the plant extracts. Thus, compounds could be annotated with different confidence levels, as described by the Metabolomics Standards Initiative, with CCS determination. [1 ]Wang et al. Nature Biotechnology (2016) [2] F. Olivon et al. Analytical Chemsitry (2018) [3] Domalain et al. Chemical Science (2014) [4] Fernie et al. The Plant Cell (2011) [5] Moussavi et al. Parasites & Vectors (2015)

Published
2019

48. Cost-efficient and user-friendly 17O/18O labeling procedures of fatty acids using mechanochemistry.

Author

Špačková, Jessica, Fabra, Charlyn, Cazals, Guillaume, Hubert-Roux, Marie, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Goldberga, Ieva, Berthomieu, Dorothée, Lebrun, Aurélien, Métro, Thomas-Xavier, and Laurencin, Danielle

Subjects
FATTY acids, UNSATURATED fatty acids, MECHANICAL chemistry, DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid, CARBOXYLIC acids, SAPONIFICATION
Abstract

Two mechanochemical procedures for 17O/18O-isotope labeling of fatty acids are reported: a carboxylic acid activation/hydrolysis approach and a saponification approach. The latter route allowed first-time enrichment of important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Overall, a total of 9 pure labeled products were isolated in high yields (≥80%) and with high enrichment levels (≥37% average labeling of C=O and C-OH carboxylic oxygen atoms), under mild conditions, and in short time (

Published
2021
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49. Validated Method for Strigolactone Quantification by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Electrospray Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using Novel Deuterium Labelled Standards

Author

Boutet-Mercey, Stephanie, Perreau, François, Roux, Amélie, Clavé, Guillaume, Pillot, Jean-Paul, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Touboul, David, Mouille, Gregory, Rameau, Catherine, Boyer, Francois-Didier, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires (ISM), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Organique et Bioorganique : Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA), Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-12-BSV6-004-01], la Region Ile de France, le department des Yvelines, Stream COST Action [FA1206], Labex Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS [ANR-10-LABX-0040-SPS], Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique - Laboratoire d’Etudes Environnementales des Systèmes Anthropisés (LETG-ANGERS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux 4-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie et de Physique de Bordeaux (ENSCPB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie Organique Fine (IRCOF), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Strigolactones, Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization, integumentary system, pea, Peas, deuterium-labelled strigolactones, Reproducibility of Results, Deuterium, Plant Roots, Lactones, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Isotope Labeling, plant hormones, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract

International audience; Introduction =Strigolactones (SLs) are important plant hormones. They are difficult to analyse because they occur in very small concentrations especially in comparison with other plant hormones and other substances can interfere with their detection.Objective =To develop a procedure for the extraction, purification and quantification of SLs from plant roots.Methodology =Samples were prepared by extraction of plant root tissues with ethyl acetate. Then the extracts were further purified with silica column chromatography. The natural SLs in the final extracts were quantified using novel deuterium labelled SLs. The results of the methodology were compared with those of the procedure of Yoneyama and coworkers.Results =This procedure required about 1‐g root samples to detect and quantify simultaneously the SLs (orobanchyl acetate and fabacyl acetate) concentration with high reliability.Conclusion =A method was developed for determining endogenous fabacyl acetate and orobanchyl acetate in plant tissue based on novel deuterium labelled standards. A method of orobanchol quantification using a synthetic SL GR24 as internal standard was proposed.

Published
2018

50. DYRK1A inhibition and cognitive rescue in a Down syndrome mouse model are induced by new fluoro-DANDY derivatives

Author

Neumann, Fernanda, Gourdain, Stéphanie, Albac, Christelle, Dekker, Alain D., Bui, Linh Chi, Dairou, Julien, Schmitz-Afonso, Isabelle, Hue, Nathalie, Rodrigues-Lima, Fernando, Delabar, Jean M., Potier, Marie-Claude, Le Caër, Jean-Pierre, Touboul, David, Delatour, Benoît, Cariou, Kevin, Dodd, Robert H., Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques (LCBPT - UMR 8601), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
DUAL-SPECIFICITY, Pyridines, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, lcsh:Medicine, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Article, Mice, Cognition, DEFICITS, Animals, Humans, BRAIN, Maze Learning, lcsh:Science, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, SYNDROME MICE, ALZHEIMER-DISEASE, Memory Disorders, Molecular Structure, Learning Disabilities, lcsh:R, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, FUNCTIONAL-LINK, Disease Models, Animal, ENVIRONMENTAL NEUROTOXIN ANNONACIN, UPLC-MS/MS, PROTEIN-KINASE INHIBITORS, RAT, lcsh:Q, Down Syndrome, Injections, Intraperitoneal
Abstract

International audience; Inhibition of DYRK1A kinase, produced by chromosome 21 and consequently overproduced in trisomy 21 subjects, has been suggested as a therapeutic approach to treating the cognitive deficiencies observed in Down syndrome (DS). We now report the synthesis and potent DYRK1A inhibitory activities of fluoro derivatives of 3,5-di(polyhydroxyaryl)-7-azaindoles (F-DANDYs). One of these compounds (3-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, 5a) was selected for in vivo studies of cognitive rescuing effects in a standard mouse model of DS (Ts65Dn line). Using the Morris water maze task, Ts65Dn mice treated i.p. with 20 mg/kg of 5a performed significantly better than Ts65Dn mice treated with placebo, confirming the promnesiant effect of 5a in the trisomic mice. Overall, these results demonstrate for the first time that selective and competitive inhibition of DYRK1A kinase by the F-DANDY derivative 5a may provide a viable treatment strategy for combating the memory and learning deficiencies encountered in DS.

Published
2018

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