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1. Evaluation of three hemagglutinin-based vaccines for the experimental control of a panzootic clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N8) high pathogenicity avian influenza virus in mule ducks

Author

Niqueux, Éric, Flodrops, Marion, Allée, Chantal, Lebras, Marie-Odile, Pierre, Isabelle, Louboutin, Katell, Guillemoto, Carole, Le Prioux, Aurélie, Le Bouquin-Leneveu, Sophie, Keïta, Alassane, Amelot, Michel, Martenot, Claire, Massin, Pascale, Cherbonnel-Pansart, Martine, Briand, François-Xavier, Schmitz, Audrey, Cazaban, Christophe, Dauphin, Gwenaëlle, Delquigny, Thomas, Lemière, Stéphane, Watier, Jean-Marie, Mogler, Mark, Tarpey, Ian, Grasland, Béatrice, and Eterradossi, Nicolas

Published
2022
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3. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Virus Spread by Short- and Long-Range Transmission, France, 2016-17

Author

Briand, Francois-Xavier, Niqueux, Eric, Schmitz, Audrey, Martenot, Claire, Cherbonnel, Martine, Massin, Pascale, Kerbrat, Florian, Chatel, Marina, Guillemoto, Carole, Guillou-Cloarec, Cecile, Ogor, Katell, Prioux, Aurelie Le, Allee, Chantal, Beven, Veronique, Hirchaud, Edouard, Blanchard, Yannick, Scoizec, Axelle, Le Bouquin, Sophie, Eterradossi, Nicolas, and Grasland, Beatrice

Subjects
Avian influenza -- Genetic aspects, Infection control -- Methods, Disease transmission -- Models, Genotype -- Identification and classification -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

Influenza A viruses are enveloped viruses of the Alphainfluenzavirus genus in the Orthomyxoviridae family. Their negative-stranded RNA genome consists of 8 segments encoding a total of 10-14 proteins. Avian influenza [...]

Published
2021
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5. Role of Backyard Flocks in Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Clade 2.3.4.4, France, 2016-2017

Author

Souvestre, Marie, Guinat, Claire, Niqueux, Eric, Robertet, Luc, Croville, Guillaume, Paul, Mathilde, Schmitz, Audrey, Bronner, Anne, Eterradossi, Nicolas, and Guerin, Jean-Luc

Subjects
Poultry industry -- Health aspects, Avian influenza viruses -- Health aspects, Farms -- Health aspects, Avian influenza -- Health aspects, Influenza viruses, Influenza, Biosecurity, Health
Abstract

In the past 2 years, major outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) occurred in Europe, resulting in severe socioeconomic effects on the poultry industry (1,2). During November 28, 2016-March [...]

Published
2019
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6. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Domestic Cat, France, 2022

Author

Briand, François-Xavier, primary, Souchaud, Florent, additional, Pierre, Isabelle, additional, Beven, Véronique, additional, Hirchaud, Edouard, additional, Hérault, Fabrice, additional, Planel, René, additional, Rigaudeau, Angélina, additional, Bernard-Stoecklin, Sibylle, additional, Van der Werf, Sylvie, additional, Lina, Bruno, additional, Gerbier, Guillaume, additional, Eterradossi, Nicolas, additional, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Niqueux, Eric, additional, and Grasland, Béatrice, additional

Published
2023
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7. Evaluation of three hemagglutinin-based vaccines for the experimental control of a panzootic clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N8) high pathogenicity avian influenza virus in mule ducks

Author

Niqueux, Éric, primary, Flodrops, Marion, additional, Allée, Chantal, additional, Lebras, Marie-Odile, additional, Pierre, Isabelle, additional, Louboutin, Katell, additional, Guillemoto, Carole, additional, Le Prioux, Aurélie, additional, Le Bouquin-Leneveu, Sophie, additional, Keïta, Alassane, additional, Amelot, Michel, additional, Martenot, Claire, additional, Massin, Pascale, additional, Cherbonnel-Pansart, Martine, additional, Briand, François-Xavier, additional, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Cazaban, Christophe, additional, Dauphin, Gwenaëlle, additional, Delquigny, Thomas, additional, Lemière, Stéphane, additional, Watier, Jean-Marie, additional, Mogler, Mark, additional, Tarpey, Ian, additional, Grasland, Béatrice, additional, and Eterradossi, Nicolas, additional

Published
2023
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8. Multiple independent introductions of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses during the 2020–2021 epizootic in France

Author

Briand, François‐Xavier, primary, Niqueux, Eric, additional, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Martenot, Claire, additional, Cherbonnel, Martine, additional, Massin, Pascale, additional, Busson, Rachel, additional, Guillemoto, Carole, additional, Pierre, Isabelle, additional, Louboutin, Katell, additional, Souchaud, Florent, additional, Allée, Chantal, additional, Quenault, Helene, additional, Lucas, Pierrick, additional, de Wiele, Anne Van, additional, Blanchard, Yannick, additional, Eterradossi, Nicolas, additional, Scoizec, Axelle, additional, Bouquin‐Leneveu, Sophie Le, additional, Rautureau, Severine, additional, Lambert, Yves, additional, and Grasland, Béatrice, additional

Published
2022
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9. Concomitant NA and NS deletion on avian Influenza H3N1 virus associated with hen mortality in France in 2019

Author

Briand, François-Xavier, primary, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Scoizec, Axelle, additional, Allée, Chantal, additional, Busson, Rachel, additional, Guillemoto, Carole, additional, Quenault, Hélène, additional, Lucas, Pierrick, additional, Pierre, Isabelle, additional, Louboutin, Katell, additional, Guillou-Cloarec, Cécile, additional, Martenot, Claire, additional, Cherbonnel-Pansart, Martine, additional, Thomas, Rodolphe, additional, Massin, Pascale, additional, Souchaud, Florent, additional, Blanchard, Yannick, additional, Steensels, Mieke, additional, Lambrecht, Benedicte, additional, Eterradossi, Nicolas, additional, Le Bouquin, Sophie, additional, Niqueux, Eric, additional, and Grasland, Béatrice, additional

Published
2022
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11. Phylodynamic analysis of the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 epidemic in France, 2016–2017

Author

Chakraborty, Debapriyo, primary, Guinat, Claire, additional, Müller, Nicola F., additional, Briand, Francois‐Xavier, additional, Andraud, Mathieu, additional, Scoizec, Axelle, additional, Lebouquin, Sophie, additional, Niqueux, Eric, additional, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Grasland, Beatrice, additional, Guerin, Jean‐Luc, additional, Paul, Mathilde C., additional, and Vergne, Timothée, additional

Published
2022
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13. Avian influenza outbreaks: evaluating the efficacy of cleaning and disinfection of vehicles and transport crates

Author

Huneau-Salaün, Adeline, primary, Scoizec, Axelle, additional, Thomas, Rodolphe, additional, Martenot, Claire, additional, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Pierre, Isabelle, additional, Allée, Chantal, additional, Busson, Rachel, additional, Massin, Pascale, additional, Briand, François-Xavier, additional, Guillemoto, Carole, additional, Louboutin, Katell, additional, Souchaud, Florent, additional, Cherbonnel-Pansart, Martine, additional, Niqueux, Eric, additional, Grasland, Béatrice, additional, Souillard, Rozenn, additional, and Bouquin, Sophie Le, additional

Published
2022
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14. Serological Evidence of Backyard Pig Exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Virus during 2016–2017 Epizootic in France

Author

Hervé, Séverine, Schmitz, Audrey, Briand, François-Xavier, Gorin, Stéphane, Quéguiner, Stéphane, Niqueux, Éric, Paboeuf, Frédéric, Scoizec, Axelle, Le Bouquin-Leneveu, Sophie, Eterradossi, Nicolas, Simon, Gaëlle, Laboratoire de Ploufragan-Plouzané-Niort [ANSES], Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), and French Ministry of Agriculture

Subjects
mixed herd, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, MESH: Poultry, animal diseases, poultry, MESH: Influenza A virus, influenza outbreak, Medicine, hemagglutination inhibition test, Case Report, swine, MESH: Swine
Abstract

Individual and/or raw data obtained in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.; International audience; In autumn/winter 2016–2017, HPAI-H5N8 viruses belonging to the A/goose/Guandong/1/1996 (Gs/Gd) lineage, clade 2.3.4.4b, were responsible for outbreaks in domestic poultry in Europe, and veterinarians were requested to reinforce surveillance of pigs bred in HPAI-H5Nx confirmed mixed herds. In this context, ten pig herds were visited in southwestern France from December 2016 to May 2017 and serological analyses for influenza A virus (IAV) infections were carried out by ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition assays. In one herd, one backyard pig was shown to have produced antibodies directed against a virus bearing a H5 from clade 2.3.4.4b, suggesting it would have been infected naturally after close contact with HPAI-H5N8 contaminated domestic ducks. Whereas pigs and other mammals, including humans, may have limited sensitivity to HPAI-H5 clade 2.3.4.4b, this information recalls the importance of implementing appropriate biosecurity measures in pig and poultry farms to avoid IAV interspecies transmission, a prerequisite for co-infections and subsequent emergence of new viral genotypes whose impact on both animal and human health cannot be predicted.

Published
2021

15. Phylodynamic assessment of control measures for highly pathogenic avian influenza epidemics in France

Author

Chakraborty, Debapriyo, primary, Guinat, Claire, additional, Müller, Nicola F., additional, Briand, Francois-Xavier, additional, Andraud, Mathieu, additional, Scoizec, Axelle, additional, Lebouquin, Sophie, additional, Niqueux, Eric, additional, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Grasland, Beatrice, additional, Guerin, Jean-Luc, additional, Paul, Mathilde C., additional, and Vergne, Timothée, additional

Published
2021
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16. Natural and Experimental Persistence of Highly Pathogenic H5 Influenza Viruses in Slurry of Domestic Ducks, with or without Lime Treatment

Author

Schmitz, Audrey, primary, Pertusa, Marion, additional, Le Bouquin, Sophie, additional, Rousset, Nathalie, additional, Ogor, Katell, additional, LeBras, Marie-Odile, additional, Martenot, Claire, additional, Daniel, Patrick, additional, Belen Cepeda Hontecillas, Ana, additional, Scoizec, Axelle, additional, Morin, Hervé, additional, Massin, Pascale, additional, Grasland, Béatrice, additional, Niqueux, Eric, additional, and Eterradossi, Nicolas, additional

Published
2020
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17. Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 A/Chicken/France/150169a/2015 Presents In Vitro Characteristics Consistent with Its Predicted Tropism for Avian Species

Author

Massin, Pascale, primary, Guillou-Cloarec, Cécile, additional, Martenot, Claire, additional, Niqueux, Eric, additional, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Briand, François-Xavier, additional, Allée, Chantal, additional, Guillemoto, Carole, additional, Lebras, Marie-Odile, additional, Le Prioux, Aurélie, additional, Ogor, Katell, additional, and Eterradossi, Nicolas, additional

Published
2019
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21. Emerging highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses in France during winter 2015/16: phylogenetic analyses and markers for zoonotic potential

Author

Briand, François-Xavier, primary, Schmitz, Audrey, additional, Ogor, Katell, additional, Le Prioux, Aurélie, additional, Guillou-Cloarec, Cécile, additional, Guillemoto, Carole, additional, Allée, Chantal, additional, Le Bras, Marie-Odile, additional, Hirchaud, Edouard, additional, Quenault, Hélène, additional, Touzain, Fabrice, additional, Cherbonnel-Pansart, Martine, additional, Lemaitre, Evelyne, additional, Courtillon, Céline, additional, Gares, Hélène, additional, Daniel, Patrick, additional, Fediaevsky, Alexandre, additional, Massin, Pascale, additional, Blanchard, Yannick, additional, Eterradossi, Nicolas, additional, van der Werf, Sylvie, additional, Jestin, Véronique, additional, and Niqueux, Eric, additional

Published
2017
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22. News Quiz: April 30

Author

Schmitz, Audrey

Subjects
Theft, Police departments, News, opinion and commentary, Sports and fitness
Abstract

Byline: Audrey Schmitz A cut bike lock on the ground outside Goodnow Hall after the recent increase of bike theft. (Nathan Jones | The Collegian) The K-State Police Department sent [...]

Published
2015

23. Influence of dry diets on reproductive performance and egg lipid composition during the first spawning season of captive pollack

Author

Omnes, Marie-helene, Recek, Sophie, Barone, Herve, Le Delliou, Herve, Schmitz, Audrey, Mutelet, Alexis, Suquet, Marc, Robin, Jean H., Omnes, Marie-helene, Recek, Sophie, Barone, Herve, Le Delliou, Herve, Schmitz, Audrey, Mutelet, Alexis, Suquet, Marc, and Robin, Jean H.

Abstract

Four‐year‐old pollack Pollachius pollachius L., previously fed on dry pellets since their juvenile stage, were divided into three experimental groups two months prior their first spawning season. They were fed a commercial broodstock pellet enriched with 6% added oils, either: (1) capelin oil (control), (2) capelin oil plus arachidonic acid, or (3) DHA rich tuna oil. Spawning performance was determined in each group and egg lipids were analysed. During the vitellogenic period, the estradiol levels in plasma increased with oocyte enlargement, indicating that captivity and pelleted feed did not affect reproductive capacity. Females from each group spawned spontaneously between February and May. Egg production per kg of female was highest in the control group. Fertilization rate was highest (39%) in the group fed on diet enhanced in DHA. Lipid content in eggs reached 16% of dry mass, containing mainly phospholipids (75%). Egg fatty acid profiles showed few differences between dietary treatments. There was no significant difference in the concentration of Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n − 3) between groups. Arachidonic acid (20:4n − 6) was lower in neutral and polar lipids of eggs from the control group than in the other groups. Tuna oil diet induced the highest DHA/EPA ratio in eggs and seemed to provide sufficient arachidonic acid for pollack broodstock. Egg fatty acid profiles are compared with 6 year‐old pollack broodstock fed on fish, and with other cultured and wild fish species.

Published
2004

25. Avian influenza outbreaks: evaluating the efficacy of cleaning and disinfection of vehicles and transport crates

Author

Huneau-Salaün, Adeline, Scoizec, Axelle, Thomas, Rodolphe, Martenot, Claire, Schmitz, Audrey, Pierre, Isabelle, Allée, Chantal, Busson, Rachel, Massin, Pascale, Briand, François-Xavier, Guillemoto, Carole, Louboutin, Katell, Souchaud, Florent, Cherbonnel-Pansart, Martine, Niqueux, Eric, Grasland, Béatrice, Souillard, Rozenn, and Bouquin, Sophie Le

Abstract

In 2021, France faced large avian influenza outbreaks, like in 2016 and 2017. Controlling these outbreaks required the preventive depopulation of a large number of duck farms. A previous study in 2017 showed that the quality of decontamination of trucks and transport crates used for depopulation was often insufficient. A new study was then set up to evaluate cleaning and disinfection (C&D) of trucks and crates used for duck depopulation and whether practices had changed since 2017. Three methods were used to assess decontamination: 1) detection of avian influenza virus (AIV) genome, 2) visual inspection of cleanliness, and 3) microbial counts, considering that 2 and 3 are commonly used in abattoirs. Another objective of the study was to evaluate the correlation between results obtained with the 3 methods. In 5 abattoirs, 8 trucks and their crates were sampled by swabbing to detect AIV genome by rRT-PCR before and after decontamination. Visual cleanliness scores and coliform counts were also determined on crates after C&D. Trucks and crates were decontaminated according to the abattoirs’ protocols. Before C&D, 3 quarters of crates (59/79) and 7 of 8 trucks were positive for AIV genome. C&D procedures were reinforced in 2021 compared to 2017; use of detergent solution and warm water were more common. Nevertheless, 28% of the crates were positive for AIV genome after C&D, despite the fact that cleaning scores and microbiological counts were satisfactory for 84% and 91% of the crates, respectively. No correlation was observed between results for AIV genome detection and results from visual control or from coliform counts. Abattoirs are encouraged to use environmental sampling coupled with AIV genome detection to monitor the quality of cleaning and disinfection of trucks and crates during AI outbreaks. Reinforcement of biosecurity measures at abattoirs is still needed to avoid residual contamination of the equipment and cross-contamination during the decontamination process.

Published
2021
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28. Mapping wheat ancestors' genomes.

Author

Schmitz, Audrey

Subjects
WHEAT genetics, WHEAT diseases & pests, DROUGHT tolerance
Abstract

The article focuses on the investment by Kansas wheat farmers in the Kansas Wheat Commission which is working to create markers for wheat ancestor species genomes to identify valuable genes which could improve wheat's resiliency to drought and pests.

Published
2016

29. Certified seed helps control pests, diseases.

Author

Schmitz, Audrey

Subjects
SEED certification, CROP improvement, SOCIETIES
Abstract

The article reports on the economic, disease resistance, and pest control benefits of certified wheat seeds which are produced and tested by the Kansas Crop Improvement Association.

Published
2015

30. Serological Evidence of Backyard Pig Exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Virus during 2016-2017 Epizootic in France.

Author

Hervé S, Schmitz A, Briand FX, Gorin S, Quéguiner S, Niqueux É, Paboeuf F, Scoizec A, Le Bouquin-Leneveu S, Eterradossi N, and Simon G

Abstract

In autumn/winter 2016-2017, HPAI-H5N8 viruses belonging to the A/goose/Guandong/1/1996 (Gs/Gd) lineage, clade 2.3.4.4b, were responsible for outbreaks in domestic poultry in Europe, and veterinarians were requested to reinforce surveillance of pigs bred in HPAI-H5Nx confirmed mixed herds. In this context, ten pig herds were visited in southwestern France from December 2016 to May 2017 and serological analyses for influenza A virus (IAV) infections were carried out by ELISA and hemagglutination inhibition assays. In one herd, one backyard pig was shown to have produced antibodies directed against a virus bearing a H5 from clade 2.3.4.4b, suggesting it would have been infected naturally after close contact with HPAI-H5N8 contaminated domestic ducks. Whereas pigs and other mammals, including humans, may have limited sensitivity to HPAI-H5 clade 2.3.4.4b, this information recalls the importance of implementing appropriate biosecurity measures in pig and poultry farms to avoid IAV interspecies transmission, a prerequisite for co-infections and subsequent emergence of new viral genotypes whose impact on both animal and human health cannot be predicted.

Published
2021
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31. Double introduction of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus into France in early 2006.

Author

Gall-Reculé GL, Briand FX, Schmitz A, Guionie O, Massin P, and Jestin V

Subjects
Amino Acid Motifs, Animals, France epidemiology, Hemagglutinins, Viral chemistry, Hemagglutinins, Viral genetics, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype genetics, Phylogeny, Anseriformes virology, Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype pathogenicity, Influenza in Birds epidemiology, Influenza in Birds virology, Turkeys virology
Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of subtype H5N1 have spread since late 2003 in East and Southeast Asia. In April 2005, a large-scale outbreak of H5N1 infection that occurred in migratory waterfowl in Qinghai Lake nature reserve in western China, killing more than 6000 wild birds, appeared to be the beginning of a epizootic that caused outbreaks in domestic and wild birds in nearly 60 countries from Central Asia, the Middle East, Europe and Africa. The first case of Asian lineage HPAI H5N1 virus in France was described in dead wild ducks (Common pochard) in the east of France in mid-February 2006. Up to the end of April, 42 HPAI H5N1 viruses were identified from about 60 wild birds belonging to different species and one outbreak occurred in commercial turkeys. To establish genetic relationships with other HPAI H5N1 viruses, 12 selected viruses were subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Genotyping and genetic analyses revealed that the French viruses were very similar to those of the 'Qinghai-like' sublineage and belonged to clade 2.2. However, two related but distinct genetic subgroups were identified, indicating that two different viruses were circulating in France at the same time and in the same area. Viruses of one subgroup were highly similar to one identified in Bavaria in Germany (A/mallard/Bavaria/1/2006). More surprisingly, French viruses belonging to the other subgroup retained the cleavage motif PQGERKRKKR/G, which is unique among the known HPAI H5N1 viruses. Our results confirmed that multiple H5N1 genogroups were present in Western Europe in early 2006.

Published
2008
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