32 results on '"Schmitt, Cornelia"'
Search Results
2. Limited diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and clinical tests for detecting partial-thickness tears of the rotator cuff
- Author
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Brockmeyer, Matthias, Schmitt, Cornelia, Haupert, Alexander, Kohn, Dieter, and Lorbach, Olaf
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) using mitomycin and lipiodol with or without degradable starch microspheres for hepatocellular carcinoma: comparative study
- Author
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Gruber-Rouh, Tatjana, Schmitt, Cornelia, Naguib, Nagy N. N., Nour-Eldin, N. A., Eichler, Katrin, Beeres, Martin, and Vogl, Thomas J.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Rethinking social Encouraging Meaningful Digital Encounters
- Author
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Schmitt, Cornelia, Bjørndal, Sephira Iona Bartfai, and Martinussen, Einar Sneve
- Subjects
Social media ,Interaction design ,Interaksjonsdesign ,SoMe ,Architecture and design: 140 ,Sosiale medier - Abstract
Re:Thinking Social is an explorative interaction design project aiming to nuance the discussion around social media and its future potential through ways of being social. We look into how we can improve the polarisation online through encouraging meaningful digital encounters and facilitating for being different kinds of users. Through looking into polarisation, we ended up nuancing a lot of the discussions regarding social media. The project reflects around social media, while simultaneously suggesting possibilities for improving polarisation through exploring what being social online could mean. Polarisation online is a hot topic today as it has become an issue and threat to peoples humanity and democracy. We started looking into this topic and how design could contribute to it. We decided to focus on the ‘social’ of social media, and less on the ‘media’ part, so we went deeper into what “being social” could mean. Through our research and findings we had a theory that engaging more people in their digital community would lead to a stronger sense of belonging, and a will to create a trusting digital environment. And through this, possibly decrease polarisation. We explored how different ways of being social and facilitating for different kinds of users could help people to better understand, trust and connect with their digital neighbour. Our final proposals aim to explore possibilities that show our findings through digital prototypes. We explore three concepts with three directions each. The first concept, The Human Side, explores how showing more personality of a user can create more trust in a digital community. The second concept, Changing Engagement, explores how we can elevate other ways of engaging online. And finally, the third concept, Tools for Gardeners, explores implementing tools online for being a “gardener” - a caretaker for your digital community.
- Published
- 2022
5. Forensic Efficiency and German Population Data for the Tetrameric STR Polymorphism DHFRP2 (HUMFOLP23)
- Author
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Benecke, Mark, Schmitt, Cornelia, Prinz, Mechthild, Carracedo, Angel, editor, Brinkmann, Bernd, editor, and Bär, Walter, editor
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Toward Male Individualization with Rapidly Mutating Y-Chromosomal Short Tandem Repeats
- Author
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Ballantyne, Kaye N., Ralf, Arwin, Aboukhalid, Rachid, Achakzai, Niaz M., Anjos, Maria J., Ayub, Qasim, Balažic, Jože, Ballantyne, Jack, Ballard, David J., Berger, Burkhard, Bobillo, Cecilia, Bouabdellah, Mehdi, Burri, Helen, Capal, Tomas, Caratti, Stefano, Cárdenas, Jorge, Cartault, François, Carvalho, Elizeu F., Carvalho, Monica, Cheng, Baowen, Coble, Michael D., Comas, David, Corach, Daniel, DʼAmato, Maria E., Davison, Sean, de Knijff, Peter, De Ungria, Maria Corazon A., Decorte, Ronny, Dobosz, Tadeusz, Dupuy, Berit M., Elmrghni, Samir, Gliwiński, Mateusz, Gomes, Sara C., Grol, Laurens, Haas, Cordula, Hanson, Erin, Henke, Jürgen, Henke, Lotte, Herrera-Rodríguez, Fabiola, Hill, Carolyn R., Holmlund, Gunilla, Honda, Katsuya, Immel, Uta-Dorothee, Inokuchi, Shota, Jobling, Mark A., Kaddura, Mahmoud, Kim, Jong S., Kim, Soon H., Kim, Wook, King, Turi E., Klausriegler, Eva, Kling, Daniel, Kovačević, Lejla, Kovatsi, Leda, Krajewski, Paweł, Kravchenko, Sergey, Larmuseau, Maarten H. D., Lee, Eun Young, Lessig, Ruediger, Livshits, Ludmila A., Marjanović, Damir, Minarik, Marek, Mizuno, Natsuko, Moreira, Helena, Morling, Niels, Mukherjee, Meeta, Munier, Patrick, Nagaraju, Javaregowda, Neuhuber, Franz, Nie, Shengjie, Nilasitsataporn, Premlaphat, Nishi, Takeki, Oh, Hye H., Olofsson, Jill, Onofri, Valerio, Palo, Jukka U., Pamjav, Horolma, Parson, Walther, Petlach, Michal, Phillips, Christopher, Ploski, Rafal, Prasad, Samayamantri P. R., Primorac, Dragan, Purnomo, Gludhug A., Purps, Josephine, Rangel-Villalobos, Hector, Rębała, Krzysztof, Rerkamnuaychoke, Budsaba, Gonzalez, Danel Rey, Robino, Carlo, Roewer, Lutz, Rosa, Alexandra, Sajantila, Antti, Sala, Andrea, Salvador, Jazelyn M., Sanz, Paula, Schmitt, Cornelia, Sharma, Anil K., Silva, Dayse A., Shin, Kyoung-Jin, Sijen, Titia, Sirker, Miriam, Siváková, Daniela, Škaro, Vedrana, Solano-Matamoros, Carlos, Souto, Luis, Stenzl, Vlastimil, Sudoyo, Herawati, Syndercombe-Court, Denise, Tagliabracci, Adriano, Taylor, Duncan, Tillmar, Andreas, Tsybovsky, Iosif S., Tyler-Smith, Chris, van der Gaag, Kristiaan J., Vanek, Daniel, Völgyi, Antónia, Ward, Denise, Willemse, Patricia, Yap, Eric P.H., Yong, Rita Y.Y., Zupanič Pajnič, Irena, and Kayser, Manfred
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Molecular biology of Porcine circovirus: analyses of gene expression and viral replication
- Author
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Mankertz, Annette, Çaliskan, Rifat, Hattermann, Kim, Hillenbrand, Bernd, Kurzendoerfer, Petra, Mueller, Bettina, Schmitt, Cornelia, Steinfeldt, Tobias, and Finsterbusch, Tim
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Assessing the risk potential of porcine circoviruses for xenotransplantation: consensus primer-PCR-based search for a human circovirus
- Author
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Hattermann, Kim, Maerz, Alexander, Slanina, Heiko, Schmitt, Cornelia, and Mankertz, Annette
- Published
- 2004
9. Infection studies on human cell lines with porcine circovirus type 1 and porcine circovirus type 2
- Author
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Hattermann, Kim, Roedner, Claudia, Schmitt, Cornelia, Finsterbusch, Tim, Steinfeldt, Tobias, and Mankertz, Annette
- Published
- 2004
10. Asian online Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database
- Author
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Lessig, Ruediger, Willuweit, Sascha, Krawczak, Michael, Wu, Fang-Chin, Pu, Chang-En, Kim, Wook, Henke, Lotte, Henke, Juergen, Miranda, Jasmin, Hidding, Monika, Benecke, Mark, Schmitt, Cornelia, Magno, Michelle, Calacal, Gayvelline, Delfin, Frederick C., de Ungria, Maria Corazon A., Elias, Sahar, Augustin, Christa, Tun, Zaw, Honda, Katsuja, Kayser, Manfred, Gusmao, Leonor, Amorim, António, Alves, Cintia, Hou, Yiping, Keyser, Christine, Ludes, Bertrand, Klintschar, Michael, Immel, Uta D., Reichenpfader, Barbara, Zaharova, Boriana, and Roewer, Lutz
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Forensic Efficiency and German Population Data for the Tetrameric STR Polymorphism DHFRP2 (HUMFOLP23)
- Author
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Benecke, Mark, primary, Schmitt, Cornelia, additional, and Prinz, Mechthild, additional
- Published
- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Analysis of the co-amplified STR loci D1S1656, D12S391 and D18S51: population data and validation study for a highly discriminating triplex-PCR.
- Author
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Schroer, Klaus-Peter, Schmitt, Cornelia, and Staak, Michael
- Subjects
Polymerase chain reaction -- Analysis ,DNA -- Analysis ,DNA sequencers -- Analysis - Published
- 2000
13. Haplotype frequencies and population data of nine Y-chromosomal STR polymorphisms in a German and a Chinese population.
- Author
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Hidding, M. and Schmitt, Cornelia
- Subjects
Y chromosome -- Analysis ,Population genetics -- Research ,Haplotypes -- Analysis ,Paternity testing -- Research - Published
- 2000
14. Genetic Variation of the Amplified VNTR Polymorphism COL2A1 in Chinese and German Populations
- Author
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Hou, Yiping, Schmitt, Cornelia, Staak, Michael, Puers, Christoph, and Prinz, Mechthild
- Published
- 1994
15. Zelluläre Mechanismen der Habituation eines Netzwerkes auch mechanosensorischen Neuronen und Interneuronen im Fadenwurm Caenorhabditis elegans
- Author
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Schmitt, Cornelia (Dr. phil.nat.)
- Subjects
ddc:570 - Abstract
Habituation ist eine der einfachsten Formen des Gedächtnisses. Hierbei handelt es sich um die erlerne Gewöhnung an einen harmlosen Reiz. Dies bedeutet, dass nach mehrfacher wiederholter Repräsentation eines harmlosen Reizes die Reaktion darauf stetig abnimmt, bis sie völlig zum erliegen kommt. Je nach Trainingsprotokoll kann diese Gewöhnung bis zu mehren Tagen andauern. Habituation ist hoch konserviert und ein Verhaltensmuster, dass auch bei sehr einfachen vielzelligen Organismen zu finden ist und untersucht werden kann. Zur Untersuchung des Zusammenspiels innerhalb eines neuronalen Netzwerkes, welches für die Habituation des Rückzugsreflexes (Ausweichreaktion nach Berührung) verantwortlich ist wurde hier der Fadenwurm Caenohabditis elegans (C. elegans) als Modell Organismus verwendet. Aufgrund seines einfachen, nur 302 Zellen umfassenden, Nervensystems eignet sich C. elegans sehr gut für Grundlagenforschung in diesem Bereich. Das neuronale Netzwerk, das verantwortlich ist für den Rückzugsreflex ist in drei Ebenen organisiert. Wahrgenommen wird der Reiz von sensorischen Neuronen (ASH, ALM, AVM, PLM, PVM). Die Weiterleitung erfolgt über verschiedene Interneuronen (AVA, AVB, AD, AVE, PVC) hin zu den Motorneuronen, welche die Muskeln enervieren und somit die Reaktion auf den in erster Ebenen wahrgenommen Reiz auslösen. Mit Hilfe von optogenetischen Werkzeugen wurde hier Untersucht welche Rolle einzelne Zellen innerhalb dieses Netzwerkes innehaben und an welcher Stelle innerhalb des Netzwerkes die kurzzeitige Habituation des Reizes, nach einem Einfachen Lernprotokoll stattfindet. Zuerst musste eine Möglichkeit gefunden werden die zur Verfügung stehenden optogenetischen Werkzeuge zellspezifisch zu exprimieren. In dieser Arbeit wurden hierfür Rekombinasesysteme verwendet, die es ermöglichten zur Expression eine Kombination aus 2 verschiedenen Promotoren zu verwenden. Beide Promotoren dürfen hierbei nur in einer Zelle, der Zielzelle, überlappen. Es konnte zellspezifische Expression des Kationenkanals Chanelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) in den beiden Zellparen AVAL/R und ASHL/R (nimmt aversive Reize wahr) erreicht werden. Zur Untersuchung der Habituation wurde zusätzlich noch ein Wurmstamm verwendet, welcher ChR2 unter dem mec-4 Promotor exprimiert. ChR2 ist hier in den Mechanorezeptorneuronen (MRN) ALM, AVM, PLM und PVM exprimiert. Die hier durchgeführten Experimente deuten darauf hin das den MRNs die Größte Rolle bei der Ausbildung einer Habituation zukommt. Es gibt jedoch auch Hinweise darauf, dass AVA zusätzlich eine Rolle spielt. Im weiteren Verlauf der Arbeit wurde die Rolle von AVA genauer untersucht. AVA gilt als der Hauptsignalgeber für eine Rückwärtsbewegung (spontan und nach Reizempfang). Es konnte gezeigt werden dass eine Unterbrechung der ’Gap Junktionen’ zwischen AVA und PVC eine stärkere Reaktion zur Folge haben. AVA scheint also durch PVC inhibiert zu werden. Ebenfalls mit AVA direkt interagierende Neuronen sind AVD und AVE. Mit den hier zur Verfügung stehenden Mitteln konnte die genaue Modulation von AVA durch diese Zellen jedoch nicht gezeigt werden. In dieser Arbeit konnte der Grundstein für eine funktionale Aufklärung des Nervensystems von C. elegans gelegt werden. Vor allem durch die Möglichkeit der zellspezifischen Expression kann es zukünftig gelingen das Zusammenspiel der einzelnen Nervenzellen und ihren Anteil an einem bestimmtem Verhalten zu Untersuchen.
- Published
- 2016
16. Towards male individualization with rapidly mutating Y-chromosomal STRs
- Author
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Ballantyne, Kaye N, Ralf, Arwin, Aboukhalid, Rachid, Achakzai, Niaz M, Anjos, Maria J, Ayub, Qasim, Balažic, Jože, Ballantyne, Jack, Ballard, David J, Berger, Burkhard, Bobillo, Cecilia, Bouabdellah, Mehdi, Burri, Helen, Capal, Tomas, Caratti, Stefano, Cárdenas, Jorge, Cartault, François, Carvalho, Elizeu F, Carvalho, Monica, Cheng, Baowen, Coble, Michael D, Comas, David, Corach, Daniel, D'Amato, Maria E, Davison, Sean, de Knijff, Peter, De Ungria, Maria Corazon A, Decorte, Ronny, Dobosz, Tadeusz, Dupuy, Berit M, Elmrghni, Samir, Gliwiński, Mateusz, Gomes, Sara C, Grol, Laurens, Haas, Cordula, Hanson, Erin, Henke, Jürgen, Henke, Lotte, Herrera-Rodríguez, Fabiola, Hill, Carolyn R, Holmlund, Gunilla, Honda, Katsuya, Immel, Uta-Dorothee, Inokuchi, Shota, Jobling, Mark A, Kaddura, Mahmoud, Kim, Jong S, Kim, Soon H, Kim, Wook, King, Turi E, Klausriegler, Eva, Kling, Daniel, Kovačević, Lejla, Kovatsi, Leda, Krajewski, Paweł, Kravchenko, Sergey, Larmuseau, Maarten H D, Lee, Eun Young, Lessig, Ruediger, Livshits, Ludmila A, Marjanović, Damir, Minarik, Marek, Mizuno, Natsuko, Moreira, Helena, Morling, Niels, Mukherjee, Meeta, Munier, Patrick, Nagaraju, Javaregowda, Neuhuber, Franz, Nie, Shengjie, Nilasitsataporn, Premlaphat, Nishi, Takeki, Oh, Hye H, Olofsson, Jill, Onofri, Valerio, Palo, Jukka U, Pamjav, Horolma, Parson, Walther, Petlach, Michal, Phillips, Christopher, Ploski, Rafal, Prasad, Samayamantri P R, Primorac, Dragan, Purnomo, Gludhug A, Purps, Josephine, Rangel-Villalobos, Hector, Rębała, Krzysztof, Rerkamnuaychoke, Budsaba, Gonzalez, Danel Rey, Robino, Carlo, Roewer, Lutz, Rosa, Alexandra, Sajantila, Antti, Sala, Andrea, Salvador, Jazelyn M, Sanz, Paula, Schmitt, Cornelia, Sharma, Anil K, Silva, Dayse A, Shin, Kyoung-Jin, Sijen, Titia, Sirker, Miriam, Siváková, Daniela, Skaro, Vedrana, Solano-Matamoros, Carlos, Souto, Luis, Stenzl, Vlastimil, Sudoyo, Herawati, Court, Denise Syndercombe, Tagliabracci, Adriano, Taylor, Duncan, Tillmar, Andreas, Tsybovsky, Iosif S, Tyler-Smith, Chris, van der Gaag, Kristiaan J, Vanek, Daniel, Völgyi, Antónia, Ward, Denise, Willemse, Patricia, Yap, Eric P H, Yong, Rita Y Y, Pajnič, Irena Zupanič, and Kayser, Manfred
- Abstract
Relevant for various areas of human genetics, Y-chromosomal STRs (Y-STRs) are commonly used for testing close paternal relationships amongst individuals and populations, and for male lineage identification. However, even the widely used 17-loci Yfiler set cannot resolve individuals and populations completely. Here, 52 centers generated quality-controlled data of 13 rapidly-mutating (RM) Y-STRs in 14,644 related and unrelated males from 111 worldwide populations. Strikingly, >99% of the 12,272 unrelated males were completely individualized. Haplotype diversity was extremely high (global: 0.9999985, regional: 0.99919-0.9999988). Haplotype sharing between populations was almost absent except for six (0.05%) of the 12,156 haplotypes. Haplotype sharing within populations was generally rare (0.8% non-unique haplotypes), significantly lower in urban (0.9%) than rural (2.1%) and highest in endogamous groups (14.3%). AMOVA revealed 99.98% of variation within populations, 0.018% among populations within groups, and 0.002% among groups. Of the 2,372 newly and 156 previously typed male relative pairs, 29% were differentiated including 27% of the 2,378 fathers/son pairs. Relative to Yfiler, haplotype diversity was increased in 86% of the populations tested and overall male relative differentiation was raised by 23.5%. Our study demonstrates the value of RM Y-STRs in identifying and separating unrelated and related males and provides a reference database.
- Published
- 2014
17. Aktueller Stand der Diagnostik und Therapie von Hüftgelenkinfektionen unter orthopädischen Universitätskliniken
- Author
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Schmitt, Cornelia and Anagnostakos, Konstantinos
- Subjects
Diagnostik ,Hüftgelenkinfektion ,ddc:610 ,ddc:620 - Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Specific expression of channelrhodopsin-2 in single neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans
- Author
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Schmitt, Cornelia, Schultheis, Christian, Husson, Steven J., Liewald, Jana Fiona, and Gottschalk, Alexander
- Subjects
nervous system ,ddc:570 ,fungi - Abstract
Optogenetic approaches using light-activated proteins like Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) enable investigating the function of populations of neurons in live Caenorhabditis elegans (and other) animals, as ChR2 expression can be targeted to these cells using specific promoters. Sub-populations of these neurons, or even single cells, can be further addressed by restricting the illumination to the cell of interest. However, this is technically demanding, particularly in free moving animals. Thus, it would be helpful if expression of ChR2 could be restricted to single neurons or neuron pairs, as even wide-field illumination would photostimulate only this particular cell. To this end we adopted the use of Cre or FLP recombinases and conditional ChR2 expression at the intersection of two promoter expression domains, i.e. in the cell of interest only. Success of this method depends on precise knowledge of the individual promoters' expression patterns and on relative expression levels of recombinase and ChR2. A bicistronic expression cassette with GFP helps to identify the correct expression pattern. Here we show specific expression in the AVA reverse command neurons and the aversive polymodal sensory ASH neurons. This approach shall enable to generate strains for optogenetic manipulation of each of the 302 C. elegans neurons. This may eventually allow to model the C. elegans nervous system in its entirety, based on functional data for each neuron.
- Published
- 2012
19. Toward Male Individualization with Rapidly Mutating Y-Chromosomal Short Tandem Repeats
- Author
-
Ballantyne, Kaye N, Ralf, Arwin, Aboukhalid, Rachid, Achakzai, Niaz M, Anjos, Maria J, Ayub, Qasim, Balažic, Jože, Ballantyne, Jack, Ballard, David J, Berger, Burkhard, Bobillo, Cecilia, Bouabdellah, Mehdi, Burri, Helen, Capal, Tomas, Caratti, Stefano, Cárdenas, Jorge, Cartault, François, Carvalho, Elizeu F, Carvalho, Monica, Cheng, Baowen, Coble, Michael D, Comas, David, Corach, Daniel, D'Amato, Maria E, Davison, Sean, de Knijff, Peter, De Ungria, Maria Corazon A, Decorte, Ronny, Dobosz, Tadeusz, Dupuy, Berit M, Elmrghni, Samir, Gliwiński, Mateusz, Gomes, Sara C, Grol, Laurens, Haas, Cordula, Hanson, Erin, Henke, Jürgen, Henke, Lotte, Herrera-Rodríguez, Fabiola, Hill, Carolyn R, Holmlund, Gunilla, Honda, Katsuya, Immel, Uta-Dorothee, Inokuchi, Shota, Jobling, Mark A, Kaddura, Mahmoud, Kim, Jong S, Kim, Soon H, Kim, Wook, King, Turi E, Klausriegler, Eva, Kling, Daniel, Kovačević, Lejla, Kovatsi, Leda, Krajewski, Paweł, Kravchenko, Sergey, Larmuseau, Maarten H D, Lee, Eun Young, Lessig, Ruediger, Livshits, Ludmila A, Marjanović, Damir, Minarik, Marek, Mizuno, Natsuko, Moreira, Helena, Morling, Niels, Mukherjee, Meeta, Munier, Patrick, Nagaraju, Javaregowda, Neuhuber, Franz, Nie, Shengjie, Nilasitsataporn, Premlaphat, Nishi, Takeki, Oh, Hye H, Olofsson, Jill Katharina, Onofri, Valerio, Palo, Jukka U, Pamjav, Horolma, Parson, Walther, Petlach, Michal, Phillips, Christopher, Ploski, Rafal, Prasad, Samayamantri P R, Primorac, Dragan, Purnomo, Gludhug A, Purps, Josephine, Rangel-Villalobos, Hector, Rębała, Krzysztof, Rerkamnuaychoke, Budsaba, Gonzalez, Danel Rey, Robino, Carlo, Roewer, Lutz, Rosa, Alexandra, Sajantila, Antti, Sala, Andrea, Salvador, Jazelyn M, Sanz, Paula, Schmitt, Cornelia, Sharma, Anil K, Silva, Dayse A, Shin, Kyoung-Jin, Sijen, Titia, Sirker, Miriam, Siváková, Daniela, Skaro, Vedrana, Solano-Matamoros, Carlos, Souto, Luis, Stenzl, Vlastimil, Sudoyo, Herawati, Court, Denise Syndercombe, Tagliabracci, Adriano, Taylor, Duncan, Tillmar, Andreas, Tsybovsky, Iosif S, Tyler-Smith, Chris, van der Gaag, Kristiaan J, Vanek, Daniel, Völgyi, Antónia, Ward, Denise, Willemse, Patricia, Yap, Eric P H, Yong, Rita Y Y, Pajnič, Irena Zupanič, Kayser, Manfred, Ballantyne, Kaye N, Ralf, Arwin, Aboukhalid, Rachid, Achakzai, Niaz M, Anjos, Maria J, Ayub, Qasim, Balažic, Jože, Ballantyne, Jack, Ballard, David J, Berger, Burkhard, Bobillo, Cecilia, Bouabdellah, Mehdi, Burri, Helen, Capal, Tomas, Caratti, Stefano, Cárdenas, Jorge, Cartault, François, Carvalho, Elizeu F, Carvalho, Monica, Cheng, Baowen, Coble, Michael D, Comas, David, Corach, Daniel, D'Amato, Maria E, Davison, Sean, de Knijff, Peter, De Ungria, Maria Corazon A, Decorte, Ronny, Dobosz, Tadeusz, Dupuy, Berit M, Elmrghni, Samir, Gliwiński, Mateusz, Gomes, Sara C, Grol, Laurens, Haas, Cordula, Hanson, Erin, Henke, Jürgen, Henke, Lotte, Herrera-Rodríguez, Fabiola, Hill, Carolyn R, Holmlund, Gunilla, Honda, Katsuya, Immel, Uta-Dorothee, Inokuchi, Shota, Jobling, Mark A, Kaddura, Mahmoud, Kim, Jong S, Kim, Soon H, Kim, Wook, King, Turi E, Klausriegler, Eva, Kling, Daniel, Kovačević, Lejla, Kovatsi, Leda, Krajewski, Paweł, Kravchenko, Sergey, Larmuseau, Maarten H D, Lee, Eun Young, Lessig, Ruediger, Livshits, Ludmila A, Marjanović, Damir, Minarik, Marek, Mizuno, Natsuko, Moreira, Helena, Morling, Niels, Mukherjee, Meeta, Munier, Patrick, Nagaraju, Javaregowda, Neuhuber, Franz, Nie, Shengjie, Nilasitsataporn, Premlaphat, Nishi, Takeki, Oh, Hye H, Olofsson, Jill Katharina, Onofri, Valerio, Palo, Jukka U, Pamjav, Horolma, Parson, Walther, Petlach, Michal, Phillips, Christopher, Ploski, Rafal, Prasad, Samayamantri P R, Primorac, Dragan, Purnomo, Gludhug A, Purps, Josephine, Rangel-Villalobos, Hector, Rębała, Krzysztof, Rerkamnuaychoke, Budsaba, Gonzalez, Danel Rey, Robino, Carlo, Roewer, Lutz, Rosa, Alexandra, Sajantila, Antti, Sala, Andrea, Salvador, Jazelyn M, Sanz, Paula, Schmitt, Cornelia, Sharma, Anil K, Silva, Dayse A, Shin, Kyoung-Jin, Sijen, Titia, Sirker, Miriam, Siváková, Daniela, Skaro, Vedrana, Solano-Matamoros, Carlos, Souto, Luis, Stenzl, Vlastimil, Sudoyo, Herawati, Court, Denise Syndercombe, Tagliabracci, Adriano, Taylor, Duncan, Tillmar, Andreas, Tsybovsky, Iosif S, Tyler-Smith, Chris, van der Gaag, Kristiaan J, Vanek, Daniel, Völgyi, Antónia, Ward, Denise, Willemse, Patricia, Yap, Eric P H, Yong, Rita Y Y, Pajnič, Irena Zupanič, and Kayser, Manfred
- Abstract
Relevant for various areas of human genetics, Y-chromosomal STRs (Y-STRs) are commonly used for testing close paternal relationships amongst individuals and populations, and for male lineage identification. However, even the widely used 17-loci Yfiler set cannot resolve individuals and populations completely. Here, 52 centers generated quality-controlled data of 13 rapidly-mutating (RM) Y-STRs in 14,644 related and unrelated males from 111 worldwide populations. Strikingly, >99% of the 12,272 unrelated males were completely individualized. Haplotype diversity was extremely high (global: 0.9999985, regional: 0.99919-0.9999988). Haplotype sharing between populations was almost absent except for six (0.05%) of the 12,156 haplotypes. Haplotype sharing within populations was generally rare (0.8% non-unique haplotypes), significantly lower in urban (0.9%) than rural (2.1%) and highest in endogamous groups (14.3%). AMOVA revealed 99.98% of variation within populations, 0.018% among populations within groups, and 0.002% among groups. Of the 2,372 newly and 156 previously typed male relative pairs, 29% were differentiated including 27% of the 2,378 fathers/son pairs. Relative to Yfiler, haplotype diversity was increased in 86% of the populations tested and overall male relative differentiation was raised by 23.5%. Our study demonstrates the value of RM Y-STRs in identifying and separating unrelated and related males and provides a reference database. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2014
20. Untersuchung der differentiellen Genregulation porciner Zellkulturzellen nach Infektion mit porcinen Circoviren Typ 1 und Typ 2
- Author
-
Schmitt, Cornelia
- Subjects
600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche ,animal diseases ,PMWS ,differential gene regulation ,virus diseases ,Xenotransplantation ,molecular mechanism of pathogenesis ,Differential Display analysis ,porcine Circovirus Type 1 and Type 2 - Abstract
Deckblatt-Impressum persönlicher Dank Inhaltsverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis Einleitung Material und Methoden Ergebnisse Diskussion Zusammenfassung Summary Anhang Literatur Danksagung Lebenslauf Selbständigkeitserklärung, Diese Studie befasst sich mit der Untersuchung der porcinen Circoviren Typ 1 (PCV1) und Typ 2 (PCV2), die auf Nukleinsäure- und Proteinebene eine Homologie zwischen 60% und 80% besitzen. Trotz dieser hohen Übereinstimmungen verfügen diese Viren über eine distinkte Pathogenität: PCV1 erwies sich als apathogen, wohingegen PCV2 als auslösendes Agens des PMW Syndroms charakterisiert wurde. PMWS ist eine Erkrankung des Schweins, die mit mangelnder Gewichtszunahme, Atemschwierigkeiten, Ikterus, Lymphadenopathie und Lymphozytendepletion einhergeht. Die unterschiedliche Pathogenität der beiden Virustypen sollte sich in einem abweichenden Transkriptionsmuster in verschiedenen Zellkulturlinien nach Infektion mit PCV1 oder PCV2 widerspiegeln. Die vorliegende Arbeit charakterisiert differentiell regulierte Gene, deren Beteiligung bei der Auslösung des Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS) nach Infektion mit PCV in Betracht gezogen werden sollte. Mit dem Differential Display Verfahren wurden differentiell regulierte porcine Transkriptfragmente amplifiziert, die mittels BLAST-Vergleich charakterisierten Genen zugeordnet wurden. Die Transkripte wurden durch einen Northern Blot analysiert und mittels SYBR Green und TaqMan® real-time RT-PCR in infizierten und nicht-infizierten porcinen Zellen quantifiziert. Die Durchflusszytometrie korrelierte die Transkriptkonzentration mit der tatsächlichen Proteinexpression. Die untersuchten Zelllinien (L23, L35, L52, PS, PK15, WSH, 293) wiesen viele Gene auf, die nach Infektion mit PCV1 und PCV2 einer virusbedingten Hoch- oder Herabregulation unterlagen und sowohl vom jeweiligen Zelltyp als auch von der Infektionsdauer abhängig waren. Diese ließen sich anhand ihrer Funktion in Gruppen wie z.B. der Immunantwort einteilen. Zu dieser Gruppe zählen das Cytokin Interleukin 18 (IL18) und der Haupthistokompatibilitätskomplex Klasse I (MHC I). Eine veränderte Transkriptionsaktivität konnte weiterhin für Vesikel- und Membran-assoziierte Proteine wie EHD3 und Lyncein festgestellt werden; dies gilt auch für Transkriptions- und Translationsfaktoren wie Caspase3, DAP5/eIF42 (Death associated protein5/Elongations Initiations Faktor 4gamma2), NSAP1 (NS1 associated protein) und StIP1 (STAT3 interacting protein1). Ein möglicher PMWS-assoziierter Faktor könnte das Fragment 40J darstellen, ein bislang unbeschriebenes, ausschließlich in Lymphozyten transkribiertes Gen, dessen Transkription vor allem durch PCV2-Infektion gesteigert wurde. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde nicht ein einzelner Faktor identifiziert, der als der alleinige Auslöser von PMWS betrachtet werden könnte, sondern viele Faktoren, die möglicherweise zur Ausprägung dieser Krankheit beitragen. Dieser Befund wird auch durch Feldstudien unterstützt, die zeigten, dass PMWS eine multifaktorielle Erkrankung ist, die neben der Infektion mit PCV2 auch eine Aktivierung des Immunsystems voraussetzt. Diese Arbeit macht deutlich, dass der Interaktion von PCV2 mit dem Immunsystem vermehrte Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt werden sollte. Des Weiteren liegen diese identifizierten Faktoren im Säugetier hoch konserviert vor und könnten somit für die Xenotransplantation im Falle einer Zoonose nach einer PCV Infektion relevant sein., Porcine Circovirus type 1 and type 2 are closely related and share homologies on nucleotide and protein level between 60% and 80%. In spite of these high consistencies circoviruses differ in their pathogenicity. While PCV1 is a non- pathogenic virus, PCV2 is the etiological agent for the postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in young piglets. The aim of this study was to characterise viral and cellular genes that are involved in the initiation of the PMWS after infection. Cells infected either with PCV1 or PCV2 should differ in their transcription profile of genes that respond to the infection. The formation of viral transcripts or proteins might therefore correlate with the regulation of cellular genes. Using Differential Display analysis differentially regulated cellular transcripts were identified through sequencing and comparison with the public database using the BLAST-algorithm. The transcripts were further characterised in northern blot analysis and absolute transcript concentrations were measured with SYBR Green and TaqMan® real-time PCR in infected and non-infected samples. Flowcytometry analysis compared the transcription level with protein expression. Different tested cell lines (L23, L35, L52, PS, PK15, WSH, 293) displayed a distinct regulation of several genes after infection with porcine Circoviruses. These genes were divided into functional groups e.g. genes that are immune activated after viral infection like the cytokine Interleukin 18 (IL18) and the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I). A virus induced modulation of vesicle- and membrane-associated proteins like EHD3 and Lyncein was observed as well as a viral effect on transcription and translation factors like caspase3, DAP5/eIF42 (Death associated protein5/elongation initiation factor 4gamma2), NSAP1 (NS1 associated protein) and StIP1 (STAT3 interacting protein1). One PMWS relevant factor could be the new identified fragment 40J, a gene that was transcribed only in lymphocytes and showed up-regulation mainly after PCV2 infection. Concerning the different pathogenicity between PCV1 and PCV2, all investigated genes showed either up- or down-regulation after infection dependent from the cell line. No single gene could be characterised as causative factor of PMWS, but some proteins of the viral influenced transcripts are related to each other and induce mediators that cause PMWS-like symptoms. The PMW Syndrome could therefore be initiated by a shifted regulation of many factors. The fact that these genes are highly conserved among mammals could be relevant for the xenotransplantation in case of a PCV infection in humans.
- Published
- 2006
21. Keeping track of worm trackers
- Author
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Hobert, Oliver, Husson, Steven J., Costa, Wagner Steuer, Schmitt, Cornelia, Gottschalk, Alexander, Hobert, Oliver, Husson, Steven J., Costa, Wagner Steuer, Schmitt, Cornelia, and Gottschalk, Alexander
- Abstract
C. elegans is used extensively as a model system in the neurosciences due to its well defined nervous system. However, the seeming simplicity of this nervous system in anatomical structure and neuronal connectivity, at least compared to higher animals, underlies a rich diversity of behaviors. The usefulness of the worm in genome-wide mutagenesis or RNAi screens, where thousands of strains are assessed for phenotype, emphasizes the need for computational methods for automated parameterization of generated behaviors. In addition, behaviors can be modulated upon external cues like temperature, O2 and CO2 concentrations, mechanosensory and chemosensory inputs. Different machine vision tools have been developed to aid researchers in their efforts to inventory and characterize defined behavioral “outputs”. Here we aim at providing an overview of different worm-tracking packages or video analysis tools designed to quantify different aspects of locomotion such as the occurrence of directional changes (turns, omega bends), curvature of the sinusoidal shape (amplitude, body bend angles) and velocity (speed, backward or forward movement).
- Published
- 2013
22. Correction: Specific Expression of Channelrhodopsin-2 in Single Neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans
- Author
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Schmitt, Cornelia, primary, Schultheis, Christian, additional, Husson, Steven J., additional, Liewald, Jana F., additional, and Bargmann, Cornelia I., additional
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Specific Expression of Channelrhodopsin-2 in Single Neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans
- Author
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Schmitt, Cornelia, primary, Schultheis, Christian, additional, Husson, Steven J., additional, Liewald, Jana F., additional, and Gottschalk, Alexander, additional
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- 2012
- Full Text
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24. New Reporter Gene-Based Replication Assay Reveals Exchangeability of Replication Factors of Porcine Circovirus Types 1 and 2
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Mankertz, Annette, primary, Mueller, Bettina, additional, Steinfeldt, Tobias, additional, Schmitt, Cornelia, additional, and Finsterbusch, Tim, additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. A diagnostic study on columbid circovirus infection
- Author
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Soike, Dirk, primary, Hattermann, Kim, additional, Albrecht, Kerstin, additional, Segalés, Joaquim, additional, Domingo, Mariano, additional, Schmitt, Cornelia, additional, and Mankertz, Annette, additional
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- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Y-Chromosomal Short Tandem Repeat Haplotypes at the Loci DYS393, DYS19, DYS392, and DYS385-I/II, DYS390, DYS389-I/II, and DYS391 in a Filipino Population Sample
- Author
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Miranda, Jasmin J., primary, Benecke, Mark, additional, Hidding, Monika, additional, and Schmitt, Cornelia, additional
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- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Highly sensitive DNA typing for detecting tumors transmitted by transplantation
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Schmitt, Cornelia, primary, Ciré, Kirsten, additional, Schattenkirchner, Stephanie, additional, Pollok, Manfred, additional, Baldamus, Clans A., additional, Krug, Barbara, additional, Kirchner, Thomas, additional, Wünsch, Peter H., additional, Krieg, Thomas, additional, and Staak, Michael, additional
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Five cases of forensic short tandem repeat DNA typing
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Schmitt, Cornelia, primary and Benecke, Mark, additional
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- 1997
- Full Text
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29. Resolution of apolipoprotein B repeat unit position variants on agarose, denaturing, and native polyacrylamide gels
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Prinz, Mechthild, primary, Schmitt, Cornelia, additional, Staak, Michael, additional, and Baum, Howard, additional
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- 1996
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Aktueller Stand der Diagnostik und Therapie von Hüftgelenkinfektionen unter orthopädischen Universitätskliniken
- Author
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Schmitt, Cornelia
- Published
- 2012
31. Can periprosthetic hip joint infections be successfully managed by debridement and prosthesis retention?
- Author
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Anagnostakos K and Schmitt C
- Abstract
To evaluate the current literature about how successfully periprosthetic hip joint infections can be managed by debridement and prosthesis retention. A literature search was performed through PubMed until September 2013. Search terms were "DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, irrigation, and retention)" alone and in combination with "hip" as well as "hip infection + prosthesis retention". A total of 11 studies reporting on 292 cases could be identified. Five different treatment modalities have been described with varying success rates (debridement-21% infection eradication rate; debridement + lavage-75% infection eradication rate; debridement, lavage, with change of modular prosthesis components-70.4% infection eradication rate; debridement, lavage, change of modular prosthesis components + vacuum-assisted closure-92.8% infection eradication rate; acetabular cup removal + spacer head onto retained stem-89.6% infection eradication rate). With regard to the postoperative antibiotic therapy, no general consensus could be drawn from the available data. Debridement, antibiotic therapy, irrigation, and prosthesis retention is an acceptable solution in the management of early and acute hematogenous periprosthetic hip joint infections. The current literature does not allow for generalization of conclusions with regard to the best treatment modality. A large, multi-center study is required for identification of the optimal treatment of these infections.
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Keeping track of worm trackers.
- Author
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Husson SJ, Costa WS, Schmitt C, and Gottschalk A
- Subjects
- Animals, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Microscopy methods, Caenorhabditis elegans physiology, Locomotion physiology, Motion Pictures, Software
- Abstract
C. elegans is used extensively as a model system in the neurosciences due to its well defined nervous system. However, the seeming simplicity of this nervous system in anatomical structure and neuronal connectivity, at least compared to higher animals, underlies a rich diversity of behaviors. The usefulness of the worm in genome-wide mutagenesis or RNAi screens, where thousands of strains are assessed for phenotype, emphasizes the need for computational methods for automated parameterization of generated behaviors. In addition, behaviors can be modulated upon external cues like temperature, O(subscript)2(/subscript) and CO(subscript)2(/subscript) concentrations, mechanosensory and chemosensory inputs. Different machine vision tools have been developed to aid researchers in their efforts to inventory and characterize defined behavioral "outputs". Here we aim at providing an overview of different worm-tracking packages or video analysis tools designed to quantify different aspects of locomotion such as the occurrence of directional changes (turns, omega bends), curvature of the sinusoidal shape (amplitude, body bend angles) and velocity (speed, backward or forward movement).
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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