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4,212 results on '"Schmitt, A. M."'

1. Spin density wave and van Hove singularity in the kagome metal CeTi3Bi4

Author

Park, Pyeongjae, Ortiz, Brenden R., Sprague, Milo, Sakhya, Anup Pradhan, Chen, Si Athena, Frontzek, Matthias. D., Tian, Wei, Sibille, Romain, Mazzone, Daniel G., Tabata, Chihiro, Kaneko, Koji, DeBeer-Schmitt, Lisa M., Stone, Matthew B., Parker, David S., Samolyuk, German D., Miao, Hu, Neupane, Madhab, and Christianson, Andrew D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Kagome metals with van Hove singularities (VHSs) near the Fermi level can host intriguing quantum phenomena, including chiral loop currents, electronic nematicity, and unconventional superconductivity. However, unconventional magnetic states driven by VHSs, such as spin-density waves (SDWs), have yet to be observed experimentally in kagome metals. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of the magnetic and electronic structure of the layered kagome metal CeTi3Bi4, where the Ti kagome electronic structure interacts with a magnetic sublattice of Ce3+ Jeff = 1/2 moments. Our neutron diffraction measurements reveal an incommensurate SDW ground state of the Ce3+ Jeff = 1/2 moments, which notably coexists with commensurate antiferromagnetic order across most of the temperature-field phase diagram. The commensurate component is preferentially suppressed by both thermal fluctuations and external magnetic fields, resulting in a rich phase diagram that includes an intermediate single-Q SDW phase. First-principles calculations and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements identify VHSs near the Fermi level, with the observed magnetic propagation vectors connecting their high density of states, strongly suggesting a VHS-assisted SDW in CeTi3Bi4. These findings establish the rare-earth Kagome metals LnTi3Bi4 as a model platform where characteristic electronic structure of the kagome lattice plays a pivotal role in magnetic order., Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures, SI not included

Published
2024

2. Neutralizing GDF-15 can overcome anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 resistance in solid tumours

Author

Melero, Ignacio, de Miguel Luken, Maria, de Velasco, Guillermo, Garralda, Elena, Martín-Liberal, Juan, Joerger, Markus, Alonso, Guzman, Goebeler, Maria-Elisabeth, Schuler, Martin, König, David, Dummer, Reinhard, Reig, Maria, Rodriguez Ruiz, Maria-Esperanza, Calvo, Emiliano, Esteban-Villarrubia, Jorge, Oberoi, Arjun, Sabat, Paula, Soto-Castillo, Juan José, Koster, Kira-Lee, Saavedra, Omar, Sayehli, Cyrus, Gromke, Tanja, Läubli, Heinz, Ramelyte, Egle, Fortuny, Marta, Landa-Magdalena, Ana, Moreno, Irene, Torres-Jiménez, Javier, Hernando-Calvo, Alberto, Hess, Dagmar, Racca, Fabricio, Richly, Heike, Schmitt, Andreas M., Eggenschwiler, Corinne, Sanduzzi-Zamparelli, Marco, Vilalta-Lacarra, Anna, Trojan, Jörg, Koch, Christine, Galle, Peter R., Foerster, Friedrich, Trajanoski, Zlatko, Hackl, Hubert, Gogolla, Falk, Koll, Florestan J., Wild, Peter, Chun, Felix Kyoung Hwan, Reis, Henning, Lloyd, Peter, Machacek, Matthias, Gajewski, Thomas F., Fridman, Wolf H., Eggermont, Alexander M. M., Bargou, Ralf, Schöniger, Sandra, Rüschoff, Josef, Tereshchenko, Anastasiia, Zink, Carina, da Silva, Antonio, Lichtenegger, Felix S., Akdemir, Julia, Rüdiger, Manfred, L’Huillier, Phil, Dutta, Aradhana, Haake, Markus, Auckenthaler, Alexandra, Gjorgjioska, Ana, Rössler, Bernhard, Hermann, Frank, Liebig, Mara, Reichhardt, Daniela, Schuberth-Wagner, Christine, Wischhusen, Jörg, Fettes, Petra, Auer, Marlene, Klar, Kathrin, and Leo, Eugen

Published
2025
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3. Conventional Superconductivity in the Doped Kagome Superconductor Cs(V0.86Ta0.14)3Sb5 from Vortex Lattice Studies

Author

Xie, Yaofeng, Chalus, Nathan, Wang, Zhiwei, Yao, Weiliang, Liu, Jinjin, Yao, Yugui, White, Jonathan S., DeBeer-Schmitt, Lisa M., Yin, Jia-Xin, Dai, Pengcheng, and Eskildsen, Morten Ring

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

A hallmark of unconventional superconductors is their complex electronic phase diagrams where "intertwined orders" of charge-spin-lattice degrees of freedom compete and coexist as in copper oxides and iron pnictides. While the electronic phase diagram of kagome lattice superconductor such as CsV3Sb5 also exhibits complex behavior involving coexisting and competing charge density wave order and superconductivity, much is unclear about the microscopic origin of superconductivity. Here, we study the vortex lattice (VL) in superconducting state of Cs(V0.86Ta0.14)3Sb5, where the Ta-doping suppresses charge order and enhances superconductivity. Using small-angle neutron scattering, a strictly bulk probe, we show that the VL exhibits a strikingly conventional behavior. This includes a triangular VL with a period consistent with 2e-pairing, a field dependent scattering intensity that follows a London model, and a temperature dependence consistent with a uniform superconducting gap expected for s-wave pairing. These results suggest that optimal bulk superconductivity in Cs(V1-xTax)3Sb5 arises from a conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer electron-lattice coupling, different from spin fluctuation mediated unconventional copper and iron based superconductors., Comment: Multiple revisions

Published
2024
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10. Author Correction: Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Schmitt, Andreas M., Janiaud, Perrine, van’t Hooft, Janneke, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdo, Ehab F., Abella, Benjamin S., Akram, Javed, Amaravadi, Ravi K., Angus, Derek C., Arabi, Yaseen M., Azhar, Shehnoor, Baden, Lindsey R., Baker, Arthur W., Belkhir, Leila, Benfield, Thomas, Berrevoets, Marvin A. H., Chen, Cheng-Pin, Chen, Tsung-Chia, Cheng, Shu-Hsing, Cheng, Chien-Yu, Chung, Wei-Sheng, Cohen, Yehuda Z., Cowan, Lisa N., Dalgard, Olav, de Almeida e Val, Fernando F., de Lacerda, Marcus V. G., de Melo, Gisely C., Derde, Lennie, Dubee, Vincent, Elfakir, Anissa, Gordon, Anthony C., Hernandez-Cardenas, Carmen M., Hills, Thomas, Hoepelman, Andy I. M., Huang, Yi-Wen, Igau, Bruno, Jin, Ronghua, Jurado-Camacho, Felipe, Khan, Khalid S., Kremsner, Peter G., Kreuels, Benno, Kuo, Cheng-Yu, Le, Thuy, Lin, Yi-Chun, Lin, Wu-Pu, Lin, Tse-Hung, Lyngbakken, Magnus Nakrem, McArthur, Colin, McVerry, Bryan J., Meza-Meneses, Patricia, Monteiro, Wuelton M., Morpeth, Susan C., Mourad, Ahmad, Mulligan, Mark J., Murthy, Srinivas, Naggie, Susanna, Narayanasamy, Shanti, Nichol, Alistair, Novack, Lewis A., O’Brien, Sean M., Okeke, Nwora Lance, Perez, Léna, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perrin, Laurent, Remigio-Luna, Arantxa, Rivera-Martinez, Norma E., Rockhold, Frank W., Rodriguez-Llamazares, Sebastian, Rolfe, Robert, Rosa, Rossana, Røsjø, Helge, Sampaio, Vanderson S., Seto, Todd B., Shahzad, Muhammad, Soliman, Shaimaa, Stout, Jason E., Thirion-Romero, Ireri, Troxel, Andrea B., Tseng, Ting-Yu, Turner, Nicholas A., Ulrich, Robert J., Walsh, Stephen R., Webb, Steve A., Weehuizen, Jesper M., Velinova, Maria, Wong, Hon-Lai, Wrenn, Rebekah, Zampieri, Fernando G., Zhong, Wu, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N., Ioannidis, John P. A., and Hemkens, Lars G.

Published
2024
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11. The impact of social-environmental factors on IQ in syndromic intellectual developmental disabilities

Author

McKinney, Walker S, Williford, Desireé N, Abbeduto, Leonard, and Schmitt, Lauren M

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Cognitive and Computational Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Psychology, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Quality Education, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, cognitive development, developmental disabilities, Down syndrome, economic stability, environment, fragile x syndrome, genetic syndrome, home environment, intellectual developmental disabilities, IQ, parental stress, social determinants of health, social-demographic variables, syndromic IDD, socioeconomic status
Abstract

Despite having the same underlying genetic etiology, individuals with the same syndromic form of intellectual developmental disability (IDD) show a large degree of interindividual differences in cognition and IQ. Research indicates that up to 80% of the variation in IQ scores among individuals with syndromic IDDs is attributable to nongenetic effects, including social-environmental factors. In this narrative review, we summarize evidence of the influence that factors related to economic stability (focused on due to its prevalence in existing literature) have on IQ in individuals with syndromic IDDs. We also highlight the pathways through which economic stability is hypothesized to impact cognitive development and drive individual differences in IQ among individuals with syndromic IDDs. We also identify broader social-environmental factors (e.g., social determinants of health) that warrant consideration in future research, but that have not yet been explored in syndromic IDDs. We conclude by making recommendations to address the urgent need for further research into other salient factors associated with heterogeneity in IQ. These recommendations ultimately may shape individual- and community-level interventions and may inform systems-level public policy efforts to promote the cognitive development of and improve the lived experiences of individuals with syndromic IDDs.

Published
2024

14. Nanometric modulations of the magnetic structure of the element Nd

Author

Arachchige, H. Suriya, DeBeer-Schmitt, L. M., Kish, L. L., Rai, Binod K., May, A. F., Parker, D. S., Pokharel, G., Tian, Wei, Mandrus, D. G., Bleuel, M., Islam, Z., Fabbris, G., Li, H. X., Gao, S., Miao, H., Thomas, S. M., Rosa, P. F. S., Thompson, J. D., Lin, Shi-Zeng, and Christianson, A. D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The rare earth neodymium arguably exhibits the most complex magnetic ordering and series of magnetic phase transitions of the elements. Here we report the results of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field to study magnetic correlations on nanometer length scales in Nd. The SANS measurements reveal the presence of previously unreported modulation vectors characterizing the ordered spin configuration which exhibit changes in magnitude and direction that are phase dependent. Between 5.9 and 7.6 K the additional modulation vector has a magnitude $Q$ =0.12 \AA$^{-1}$ and is primarily due to order of the Nd layers which contain a center of inversion. In this region of the phase diagram, the SANS measurements also identify a phase boundary at $\approx$1 T. An important feature of these modulation vectors is that they indicate the presence of nanometer length scale spin textures which are likely stabilized by frustrated Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interactions rather than a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) exchange interaction., Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures

Published
2022

17. Miat and interacting protein Metadherin maintain a stem-like niche to promote medulloblastoma tumorigenesis and treatment resistance.

Author

Peng, Kai-Lin, Vasudevan, Harish N, Lockney, Dennis T, Baum, Rachel, Hendrickson, Ronald C, Raleigh, David R, and Schmitt, Adam M

Subjects
Humans, Medulloblastoma, Cerebellar Neoplasms, RNA-Binding Proteins, Membrane Proteins, MicroRNAs, RNA, Long Noncoding, Carcinogenesis, Metadherin, Miat, long noncoding RNA, medulloblastoma, Genetics, Brain Disorders, Brain Cancer, Stem Cell Research, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human, Rare Diseases, Cancer, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in the development and progression of many cancers. However, the contributions of lncRNAs to medulloblastoma (MB) remain poorly understood. Here, we identify Miat as an lncRNA enriched in the sonic hedgehog group of MB that is required for maintenance of a treatment-resistant stem-like phenotype in the disease. Loss of Miat results in the differentiation of tumor-initiating, stem-like MB cells and enforces the differentiation of tumorigenic stem-like MB cells into a nontumorigenic state. Miat expression in stem-like MB cells also facilitates treatment resistance by down-regulating p53 signaling and impairing radiation-induced cell death, which can be reversed by therapeutic inhibition of Miat using antisense oligonucleotides. Mechanistically, the RNA binding protein Metadherin (Mtdh), previously linked to resistance to cytotoxic therapy in cancer, binds to Miat in stem-like MB cells. Like the loss of Miat, the loss of Mtdh reduces tumorigenicity and increases sensitivity to radiation-induced death in stem-like MB cells. Moreover, Miat and Mtdh function to regulate the biogenesis of several microRNAs and facilitate tumorigenesis and treatment resistance. Taken together, these data reveal an essential role for the lncRNA Miat in sustaining a treatment-resistant pool of tumorigenic stem-like MB cells.

Published
2022

18. Regulating Together: Emotion Dysregulation Group Treatment for ASD Youth and Their Caregivers

Author

Shaffer, Rebecca C., Schmitt, Lauren M., Reisinger, Debra L., Coffman, Marika, Horn, Paul, Goodwin, Matthew S., Mazefsky, Carla, Randall, Shelley, and Erickson, Craig

Abstract

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience behavioral and emotional symptoms hypothesized to arise from "emotion dysregulation" (ED), difficulty modulating emotional experience, expression, and intensity in an acceptable and contextually appropriate manner. We developed Regulating Together (RT)--an intensive-outpatient, caregiver-assisted group program to meet the ASD + ED intervention critical need. A within-subjects trial was conducted (5-week-control lead-in period, 5-week-treatment, and 5-and 10-weeks-post-treatment follow-ups). Forty-four youth with ASD + ED (25 8-12, 19 13-18 yr-olds, 88% male, mean FSIQ of 96) participated. Improvements were found in reactivity, emotion regulation knowledge, and flexibility post-treatment and 10-weeks post-treatment. A reduction in inpatient hospitalization rates by 16% from the 12 months pre-RT to 12 months post-RT was observed. RT shows promise to reduce ED in ASD.

Published
2023
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19. Teaching the Modeling of Human-Environment Systems: Acknowledging Complexity with an Agent-Based Model

Author

Haensel, Maria, Schmitt, Thomas M., and Bogenreuther, Jakob

Abstract

Agent-based modeling is a promising tool for familiarizing students with complex systems as well as programming skills. Human-environment systems, for instance, entail complex interdependencies that need to be considered when modeling these systems. This complexity is often neglected in teaching modeling approaches. For a heterogeneous group of master's students at a German university, we pre-built an agent-based model. In class, this was used to teach modeling impacts of land use policies and markets on ecosystem services. As part of the course, the students had to perform small research projects with the model in groups of two. This study aims to evaluate how well students could deal with the complexity involved in the model based on their group work outcomes. Chosen indicators were, e.g., the appropriateness of their research goals, the suitability of the methods applied, and how well they acknowledged the limitations. Our study results revealed that teaching complex systems does not need to be done with too simplistic models. Most students, even with little background in modeling and programming, were able to deal with the complex model setup, conduct small research projects, and have a thoughtful discussion on the limitations involved. With adequate theoretical input during lectures, we recommend using models that do not hide the complexity of the systems but foster a realistic simplification of the interactions.

Published
2023
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21. Semantic Image Alignment for Vehicle Localization

Author

Herb, Markus, Lemberger, Matthias, Schmitt, Marcel M., Kurz, Alexander, Weiherer, Tobias, Navab, Nassir, and Tombari, Federico

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

Accurate and reliable localization is a fundamental requirement for autonomous vehicles to use map information in higher-level tasks such as navigation or planning. In this paper, we present a novel approach to vehicle localization in dense semantic maps, including vectorized high-definition maps or 3D meshes, using semantic segmentation from a monocular camera. We formulate the localization task as a direct image alignment problem on semantic images, which allows our approach to robustly track the vehicle pose in semantically labeled maps by aligning virtual camera views rendered from the map to sequences of semantically segmented camera images. In contrast to existing visual localization approaches, the system does not require additional keypoint features, handcrafted localization landmark extractors or expensive LiDAR sensors. We demonstrate the wide applicability of our method on a diverse set of semantic mesh maps generated from stereo or LiDAR as well as manually annotated HD maps and show that it achieves reliable and accurate localization in real-time., Comment: Accepted at 2021 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2021)

Published
2021

23. Brief Report: Feasibility of the Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task as an Outcome Measure in an Intervention Trial for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author

Schmitt, Lauren M., Sweeney, John A., Erickson, Craig A., and Shaffer, Rebecca

Abstract

Cognitive flexibility deficits are a hallmark feature of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but few evidence-based behavioral interventions have successfully addressed this treatment target. Outcome measurement selection may help account for previous findings. The probabilistic reversal learning task (PRL) is a measure of cognitive flexibility previously validated for use in ASD, but its use as an outcome measure has not yet been assessed. The current study examined the feasibility, reproducibility, and sensitivity of PRL in a within-subjects trial of "Regulating Together," a group-based intervention targeting emotion regulation. We demonstrated the PRL is highly feasible, showed test-retest reproducibility, and is sensitive to detect change following the intervention. Our findings demonstrate the PRL task may be a useful outcome measure of cognitive flexibility in future intervention trials in ASD.

Published
2022
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26. Large libraries of single-chain trimer peptide-MHCs enable antigen-specific CD8+ T cell discovery and analysis

Author

Chour, William, Choi, Jongchan, Xie, Jingyi, Chaffee, Mary E., Schmitt, Thomas M., Finton, Kathryn, DeLucia, Diana C., Xu, Alexander M., Su, Yapeng, Chen, Daniel G., Zhang, Rongyu, Yuan, Dan, Hong, Sunga, Ng, Alphonsus H. C., Butler, Jonah Z., Edmark, Rick A., Jones, Lesley C., Murray, Kim M., Peng, Songming, Li, Guideng, Strong, Roland K., Lee, John K., Goldman, Jason D., Greenberg, Philip D., and Heath, James R.

Published
2023
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29. Influencer: Der Werbekörper als Vorbild

Author

Nymoen, Ole, Schmitt, Wolfgang M., Drerup, Johannes, Series Editor, Felder, Franziska, Series Editor, Magyar-Haas, Veronika, Series Editor, Schweiger, Gottfried, Series Editor, Schütte, André, editor, and Nielsen-Sikora, Jürgen, editor

Published
2023
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30. Preexisting autoantibodies to type I IFNs underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with APS-1

Author

Bastard, Paul, Orlova, Elizaveta, Sozaeva, Leila, Lévy, Romain, James, Alyssa, Schmitt, Monica M, Ochoa, Sebastian, Kareva, Maria, Rodina, Yulia, Gervais, Adrian, Le Voyer, Tom, Rosain, Jérémie, Philippot, Quentin, Neehus, Anna-Lena, Shaw, Elana, Migaud, Mélanie, Bizien, Lucy, Ekwall, Olov, Berg, Stefan, Beccuti, Guglielmo, Ghizzoni, Lucia, Thiriez, Gérard, Pavot, Arthur, Goujard, Cécile, Frémond, Marie-Louise, Carter, Edwin, Rothenbuhler, Anya, Linglart, Agnès, Mignot, Brigite, Comte, Aurélie, Cheikh, Nathalie, Hermine, Olivier, Breivik, Lars, Husebye, Eystein S, Humbert, Sébastien, Rohrlich, Pierre, Coaquette, Alain, Vuoto, Fanny, Faure, Karine, Mahlaoui, Nizar, Kotnik, Primož, Battelino, Tadej, Podkrajšek, Katarina Trebušak, Kisand, Kai, Ferré, Elise MN, DiMaggio, Thomas, Rosen, Lindsey B, Burbelo, Peter D, McIntyre, Martin, Kann, Nelli Y, Shcherbina, Anna, Pavlova, Maria, Kolodkina, Anna, Holland, Steven M, Zhang, Shen-Ying, Crow, Yanick J, Notarangelo, Luigi D, Su, Helen C, Abel, Laurent, Anderson, Mark S, Jouanguy, Emmanuelle, Neven, Bénédicte, Puel, Anne, Casanova, Jean-Laurent, and Lionakis, Michail S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Rare Diseases, Pneumonia, Pneumonia & Influenza, Autoimmune Disease, Clinical Research, Lung, Adolescent, Adult, Autoantibodies, COVID-19, Child, Female, Humans, Interferon Type I, Male, Middle Aged, Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune, SARS-CoV-2, Young Adult, Medical and Health Sciences, Immunology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Patients with biallelic loss-of-function variants of AIRE suffer from autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) and produce a broad range of autoantibodies (auto-Abs), including circulating auto-Abs neutralizing most type I interferons (IFNs). These auto-Abs were recently reported to account for at least 10% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in the general population. We report 22 APS-1 patients from 21 kindreds in seven countries, aged between 8 and 48 yr and infected with SARS-CoV-2 since February 2020. The 21 patients tested had auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α subtypes and/or IFN-ω; one had anti-IFN-β and another anti-IFN-ε, but none had anti-IFN-κ. Strikingly, 19 patients (86%) were hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia, including 15 (68%) admitted to an intensive care unit, 11 (50%) who required mechanical ventilation, and four (18%) who died. Ambulatory disease in three patients (14%) was possibly accounted for by prior or early specific interventions. Preexisting auto-Abs neutralizing type I IFNs in APS-1 patients confer a very high risk of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia at any age.

Published
2021

36. Dominant-negative heterozygous mutations in AIRE confer diverse autoimmune phenotypes

Author

Oftedal, Bergithe E., Assing, Kristian, Baris, Safa, Safgren, Stephanie L., Johansen, Isik S., Jakobsen, Marianne Antonius, Babovic-Vuksanovic, Dusica, Agre, Katherine, Klee, Eric W., Majcic, Emina, Ferré, Elise M.N., Schmitt, Monica M., DiMaggio, Tom, Rosen, Lindsey B., Rahman, Muhammad Obaidur, Chrysis, Dionisios, Giannakopoulos, Aristeidis, Garcia, Maria Tallon, González-Granado, Luis Ignacio, Stanley, Katherine, Galant-Swafford, Jessica, Suwannarat, Pim, Meyts, Isabelle, Lionakis, Michail S., and Husebye, Eystein S.

Published
2023
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42. High Discovery Rate of Duodenal and Gastric Eosinophilia in Patients With Unexplained Moderate–Severe Abdominal Symptoms: A Prospective US Multisite Study

Author

Talley, Nicholas J., Peterson, Kathryn A., Genta, Robert M., Chang, Alan T., Dellon, Evan S., Sandborn, William J., Lacy, Brian E., Chehade, Mirna, Hirano, Ikuo, Gonsalves, Nirmala, Lembo, Anthony, Schmitt, Colleen M., Rothenberg, Marc E., Jain, Neal, Pletneva, Maria A., Turner, Kevin O., and Youngblood, Bradford A.

Published
2023
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44. The Commodification of World Heritage: A Marxist Introduction

Author

Schmitt, Thomas M., Albert, Marie-Theres, Series Editor, Aebischer, Verena, Editorial Board Member, Cameron, Christina, Editorial Board Member, Cave, Claire, Editorial Board Member, Droste, Magdalena, Editorial Board Member, Harris, Jennifer, Editorial Board Member, Pereira Roders, Ana, Editorial Board Member, Prodan, Anca Claudia, Editorial Board Member, Ringbeck, Birgitta, Editorial Board Member, von Schorlemer, Sabine, Editorial Board Member, Silverman, Helaine, Editorial Board Member, Ströter-Bender, Jutta, Editorial Board Member, Bernecker, Roland, editor, and Ripp, Matthias, editor

Published
2022
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46. Extended exchange interactions stabilize long-period magnetic structures in Cr$_{1/3}$NbS$_2$

Author

Aczel, A. A., DeBeer-Schmitt, L. M., Williams, T. J., McGuire, M. A., Ghimire, N. J., Li, L., and Mandrus, D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The topologically-protected, chiral soliton lattice is a unique state of matter offering intriguing functionality and it may serve as a robust platform for storing and transporting information in future spintronics devices. While the monoaxial chiral magnet Cr$_{1/3}$NbS$_2$ is known to host this exotic state in an applied magnetic field, its detailed microscopic origin has remained a matter of debate. Here we work towards addressing this open question by measuring the spin wave spectrum of Cr$_{1/3}$NbS$_2$ over the entire Brillouin zone with inelastic neutron scattering. The well-defined spin wave modes allow us to determine the values of several microscopic interactions for this system. The experimental data is well-explained by a Heisenberg Hamiltonian with exchange constants up to third nearest neighbor and an easy plane magnetocrystalline anisotropy term. Our work shows that both the second and third nearest neighbor exchange interactions contribute to the formation of the helimagnetic and chiral soliton lattice states in this robust three-dimensional magnet., Comment: Accepted by Applied Physics Letters

Published
2018
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47. A neurophysiological model of speech production deficits in fragile X syndrome.

Author

Schmitt, Lauren M, Wang, Jun, Pedapati, Ernest V, Thurman, Angela John, Abbeduto, Leonard, Erickson, Craig A, and Sweeney, John A

Subjects
EEG, event-related potential, fragile X syndrome, neurophysiology, speech production, Clinical Research, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Mental Health, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Mental health, Neurological
Abstract

Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited intellectual disability and monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder. Expressive language deficits, especially in speech production, are nearly ubiquitous among individuals with fragile X, but understanding of the neurological bases for these deficits remains limited. Speech production depends on feedforward control and the synchronization of neural oscillations between speech-related areas of frontal cortex and auditory areas of temporal cortex. Interaction in this circuitry allows the corollary discharge of intended speech generated from an efference copy of speech commands to be compared against actual speech sounds, which is critical for making adaptive adjustments to optimize future speech. We aimed to determine whether alterations in coherence between frontal and temporal cortices prior to speech production are present in individuals with fragile X and whether they relate to expressive language dysfunction. Twenty-one participants with full-mutation fragile X syndrome (aged 7-55 years, eight females) and 20 healthy controls (matched on age and sex) completed a talk/listen paradigm during high-density EEG recordings. During the talk task, participants repeated pronounced short vocalizations of 'Ah' every 1-2 s for a total of 180 s. During the listen task, participants passively listened to their recordings from the talk task. We compared pre-speech event-related potential activity, N1 suppression to speech sounds, single trial gamma power and fronto-temporal coherence between groups during these tasks and examined their relation to performance during a naturalistic language task. Prior to speech production, fragile X participants showed reduced pre-speech negativity, reduced fronto-temporal connectivity and greater frontal gamma power compared to controls. N1 suppression during self-generated speech did not differ between groups. Reduced pre-speech activity and increased frontal gamma power prior to speech production were related to less intelligible speech as well as broader social communication deficits in fragile X syndrome. Our findings indicate that coordinated pre-speech activity between frontal and temporal cortices is disrupted in individuals with fragile X in a clinically relevant way and represents a mechanism contributing to prominent speech production problems in the disorder.

Published
2020

50. Author Correction: Impaired perceptual learning in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome is mediated by parvalbumin neuron dysfunction and is reversible

Author

Goel, Anubhuti, Cantu, Daniel A, Guilfoyle, Janna, Chaudhari, Gunvant R, Newadkar, Aditi, Todisco, Barbara, de Alba, Diego, Kourdougli, Nazim, Schmitt, Lauren M, Pedapati, Ernest, Erickson, Craig A, and Portera-Cailliau, Carlos

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biological psychology
Published
2023

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