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1. Airborne DNA reveals predictable spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi

Author

Abrego, Nerea, Furneaux, Brendan, Hardwick, Bess, Somervuo, Panu, Palorinne, Isabella, Aguilar-Trigueros, Carlos A., Andrew, Nigel R., Babiy, Ulyana V., Bao, Tan, Bazzano, Gisela, Bondarchuk, Svetlana N., Bonebrake, Timothy C., Brennan, Georgina L., Bret-Harte, Syndonia, Bässler, Claus, Cagnolo, Luciano, Cameron, Erin K., Chapurlat, Elodie, Creer, Simon, D’Acqui, Luigi P., de Vere, Natasha, Desprez-Loustau, Marie-Laure, Dongmo, Michel A. K., Jacobsen, Ida B. Dyrholm, Fisher, Brian L., Flores de Jesus, Miguel, Gilbert, Gregory S., Griffith, Gareth W., Gritsuk, Anna A., Gross, Andrin, Grudd, Håkan, Halme, Panu, Hanna, Rachid, Hansen, Jannik, Hansen, Lars Holst, Hegbe, Apollon D. M. T., Hill, Sarah, Hogg, Ian D., Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Kevin D., Hynson, Nicole A., Ivanova, Natalia, Karisto, Petteri, Kerdraon, Deirdre, Knorre, Anastasia, Krisai-Greilhuber, Irmgard, Kurhinen, Juri, Kuzmina, Masha, Lecomte, Nicolas, Lecomte, Erin, Loaiza, Viviana, Lundin, Erik, Meire, Alexander, Mešić, Armin, Miettinen, Otto, Monkhouse, Norman, Mortimer, Peter, Müller, Jörg, Nilsson, R. Henrik, Nonti, Puani Yannick C., Nordén, Jenni, Nordén, Björn, Norros, Veera, Paz, Claudia, Pellikka, Petri, Pereira, Danilo, Petch, Geoff, Pitkänen, Juha-Matti, Popa, Flavius, Potter, Caitlin, Purhonen, Jenna, Pätsi, Sanna, Rafiq, Abdullah, Raharinjanahary, Dimby, Rakos, Niklas, Rathnayaka, Achala R., Raundrup, Katrine, Rebriev, Yury A., Rikkinen, Jouko, Rogers, Hanna M. K., Rogovsky, Andrey, Rozhkov, Yuri, Runnel, Kadri, Saarto, Annika, Savchenko, Anton, Schlegel, Markus, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Seibold, Sebastian, Skjøth, Carsten, Stengel, Elisa, Sutyrina, Svetlana V., Syvänperä, Ilkka, Tedersoo, Leho, Timm, Jebidiah, Tipton, Laura, Toju, Hirokazu, Uscka-Perzanowska, Maria, van der Bank, Michelle, van der Bank, F. Herman, Vandenbrink, Bryan, Ventura, Stefano, Vignisson, Solvi R., Wang, Xiaoyang, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Wijesinghe, Subodini N., Wright, S. Joseph, Yang, Chunyan, Yorou, Nourou S., Young, Amanda, Yu, Douglas W., Zakharov, Evgeny V., Hebert, Paul D. N., Roslin, Tomas, and Ovaskainen, Otso

Published
2024
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2. Global Spore Sampling Project: A global, standardized dataset of airborne fungal DNA

Author

Ovaskainen, Otso, Abrego, Nerea, Furneaux, Brendan, Hardwick, Bess, Somervuo, Panu, Palorinne, Isabella, Andrew, Nigel R., Babiy, Ulyana V., Bao, Tan, Bazzano, Gisela, Bondarchuk, Svetlana N., Bonebrake, Timothy C., Brennan, Georgina L., Bret-Harte, Syndonia, Bässler, Claus, Cagnolo, Luciano, Cameron, Erin K., Chapurlat, Elodie, Creer, Simon, D’Acqui, Luigi P., de Vere, Natasha, Desprez-Loustau, Marie-Laure, Dongmo, Michel A. K., Dyrholm Jacobsen, Ida B., Fisher, Brian L., Flores de Jesus, Miguel, Gilbert, Gregory S., Griffith, Gareth W., Gritsuk, Anna A., Gross, Andrin, Grudd, Håkan, Halme, Panu, Hanna, Rachid, Hansen, Jannik, Hansen, Lars Holst, Hegbe, Apollon D. M. T., Hill, Sarah, Hogg, Ian D., Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Kevin D., Hynson, Nicole A., Ivanova, Natalia, Karisto, Petteri, Kerdraon, Deirdre, Knorre, Anastasia, Krisai-Greilhuber, Irmgard, Kurhinen, Juri, Kuzmina, Masha, Lecomte, Nicolas, Lecomte, Erin, Loaiza, Viviana, Lundin, Erik, Meire, Alexander, Mešić, Armin, Miettinen, Otto, Monkhause, Norman, Mortimer, Peter, Müller, Jörg, Nilsson, R. Henrik, Nonti, Puani Yannick C., Nordén, Jenni, Nordén, Björn, Paz, Claudia, Pellikka, Petri, Pereira, Danilo, Petch, Geoff, Pitkänen, Juha-Matti, Popa, Flavius, Potter, Caitlin, Purhonen, Jenna, Pätsi, Sanna, Rafiq, Abdullah, Raharinjanahary, Dimby, Rakos, Niklas, Rathnayaka, Achala R., Raundrup, Katrine, Rebriev, Yury A., Rikkinen, Jouko, Rogers, Hanna M. K., Rogovsky, Andrey, Rozhkov, Yuri, Runnel, Kadri, Saarto, Annika, Savchenko, Anton, Schlegel, Markus, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Seibold, Sebastian, Skjøth, Carsten, Stengel, Elisa, Sutyrina, Svetlana V., Syvänperä, Ilkka, Tedersoo, Leho, Timm, Jebidiah, Tipton, Laura, Toju, Hirokazu, Uscka-Perzanowska, Maria, van der Bank, Michelle, Herman van der Bank, F., Vandenbrink, Bryan, Ventura, Stefano, Vignisson, Solvi R., Wang, Xiaoyang, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Wijesinghe, Subodini N., Joseph Wright, S., Yang, Chunyan, Yorou, Nourou S., Young, Amanda, Yu, Douglas W., Zakharov, Evgeny V., Hebert, Paul D. N., and Roslin, Tomas

Published
2024
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3. Evaluating expert‐based habitat suitability information of terrestrial mammals with GPS‐tracking data

Author

Broekman, Maarten JE, Hilbers, Jelle P, Huijbregts, Mark AJ, Mueller, Thomas, Ali, Abdullahi H, Andrén, Henrik, Altmann, Jeanne, Aronsson, Malin, Attias, Nina, Bartlam‐Brooks, Hattie LA, Beest, Floris M, Belant, Jerrold L, Beyer, Dean E, Bidner, Laura, Blaum, Niels, Boone, Randall B, Boyce, Mark S, Brown, Michael B, Cagnacci, Francesca, Černe, Rok, Chamaillé‐Jammes, Simon, Dejid, Nandintsetseg, Dekker, Jasja, Desbiez, Arnaud LJ, Díaz‐Muñoz, Samuel L, Fennessy, Julian, Fichtel, Claudia, Fischer, Christina, Fisher, Jason T, Fischhoff, Ilya, Ford, Adam T, Fryxell, John M, Gehr, Benedikt, Goheen, Jacob R, Hauptfleisch, Morgan, Hewison, AJ Mark, Hering, Robert, Heurich, Marco, Isbell, Lynne A, Janssen, René, Jeltsch, Florian, Kaczensky, Petra, Kappeler, Peter M, Krofel, Miha, LaPoint, Scott, Latham, A David M, Linnell, John DC, Markham, A Catherine, Mattisson, Jenny, Medici, Emilia Patricia, Mourão, Guilherme Miranda, Van Moorter, Bram, Morato, Ronaldo G, Morellet, Nicolas, Mysterud, Atle, Mwiu, Stephen, Odden, John, Olson, Kirk A, Ornicāns, Aivars, Pagon, Nives, Panzacchi, Manuela, Persson, Jens, Petroelje, Tyler, Rolandsen, Christer Moe, Roshier, David, Rubenstein, Daniel I, Saïd, Sonia, Salemgareyev, Albert R, Sawyer, Hall, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Selva, Nuria, Sergiel, Agnieszka, Stabach, Jared, Stacy‐Dawes, Jenna, Stewart, Frances EC, Stiegler, Jonas, Strand, Olav, Sundaresan, Siva, Svoboda, Nathan J, Ullmann, Wiebke, Voigt, Ulrich, Wall, Jake, Wikelski, Martin, Wilmers, Christopher C, Zięba, Filip, Zwijacz‐Kozica, Tomasz, Schipper, Aafke M, and Tucker, Marlee A

Subjects
Climate Action, expert opinion, GPS, habitat suitability, habitat type, habitat use, IUCN, mammals, movement, selection ratio, telemetry, Ecology
Abstract

AimMacroecological studies that require habitat suitability data for many species often derive this information from expert opinion. However, expert-based information is inherently subjective and thus prone to errors. The increasing availability of GPS tracking data offers opportunities to evaluate and supplement expert-based information with detailed empirical evidence. Here, we compared expert-based habitat suitability information from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) with habitat suitability information derived from GPS-tracking data of 1,498 individuals from 49 mammal species.LocationWorldwide.Time period1998-2021.Major taxa studiedForty-nine terrestrial mammal species.MethodsUsing GPS data, we estimated two measures of habitat suitability for each individual animal: proportional habitat use (proportion of GPS locations within a habitat type), and selection ratio (habitat use relative to its availability). For each individual we then evaluated whether the GPS-based habitat suitability measures were in agreement with the IUCN data. To that end, we calculated the probability that the ranking of empirical habitat suitability measures was in agreement with IUCN's classification into suitable, marginal and unsuitable habitat types.ResultsIUCN habitat suitability data were in accordance with the GPS data (> 95% probability of agreement) for 33 out of 49 species based on proportional habitat use estimates and for 25 out of 49 species based on selection ratios. In addition, 37 and 34 species had a > 50% probability of agreement based on proportional habitat use and selection ratios, respectively.Main conclusionsWe show how GPS-tracking data can be used to evaluate IUCN habitat suitability data. Our findings indicate that for the majority of species included in this study, it is appropriate to use IUCN habitat suitability data in macroecological studies. Furthermore, we show that GPS-tracking data can be used to identify and prioritize species and habitat types for re-evaluation of IUCN habitat suitability data.

Published
2022

6. Muskox Ovibos moschatus (Zimmermann, 1780)

Author

Schmidt, Niels Martin, Stelvig, Mikkel, Zachos, Frank E., Section editor, Corlatti, Luca, Section editor, Hackländer, Klaus, Series Editor, Zachos, Frank E., Series Editor, and Corlatti, Luca, editor

Published
2022
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8. Selecting the Number of States in Hidden Markov Models - Pitfalls, Practical Challenges and Pragmatic Solutions

Author

Pohle, Jennifer, Langrock, Roland, van Beest, Floris, and Schmidt, Niels Martin

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract

We discuss the notorious problem of order selection in hidden Markov models, i.e. of selecting an adequate number of states, highlighting typical pitfalls and practical challenges arising when analyzing real data. Extensive simulations are used to demonstrate the reasons that render order selection particularly challenging in practice despite the conceptual simplicity of the task. In particular, we demonstrate why well-established formal procedures for model selection, such as those based on standard information criteria, tend to favor models with numbers of states that are undesirably large in situations where states shall be meaningful entities. We also offer a pragmatic step-by-step approach together with comprehensive advice for how practitioners can implement order selection. Our proposed strategy is illustrated with a real-data case study on muskox movement.

Published
2017

9. A circumpolar study unveils a positive non‐linear effect of temperature on arctic arthropod availability that may reduce the risk of warming‐induced trophic mismatch for breeding shorebirds

Author

Chagnon‐Lafortune, Aurélie, primary, Duchesne, Éliane, additional, Legagneux, Pierre, additional, McKinnon, Laura, additional, Reneerkens, Jeroen, additional, Casajus, Nicolas, additional, Abraham, Kenneth F., additional, Bolduc, Élise, additional, Brown, Glen S., additional, Brown, Stephen C., additional, Gates, H. River, additional, Gilg, Olivier, additional, Giroux, Marie‐Andrée, additional, Gurney, Kirsty, additional, Kendall, Steve, additional, Kwon, Eunbi, additional, Lanctot, Richard B., additional, Lank, David B., additional, Lecomte, Nicolas, additional, Leung, Maria, additional, Liebezeit, Joseph R., additional, Morrison, R. I. Guy, additional, Nol, Erica, additional, Payer, David C., additional, Reid, Donald, additional, Ruthrauff, Daniel, additional, Saalfeld, Sarah T., additional, Sandercock, Brett K., additional, Smith, Paul A., additional, Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional, Tulp, Ingrid, additional, Ward, David H., additional, Høye, Toke T., additional, Berteaux, Dominique, additional, and Bêty, Joël, additional

Published
2024
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10. Multiple Pleistocene refugia for Arctic Bell‐Heather revealed with genomic analyses of modern and historic plants

Author

Elphinstone, Cassandra, primary, Hernández, Fernando, additional, Todesco, Marco, additional, Légaré, Jean‐Sébastien, additional, Cheung, Winnie, additional, Sokoloff, Paul C., additional, Hofgaard, Annika, additional, Christiansen, Casper T., additional, Frei, Esther R., additional, Lévesque, Esther, additional, Daskalova, Gergana N., additional, Thomas, Haydn J. D., additional, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., additional, Harris, Jacob A., additional, Saarela, Jeffery M., additional, May, Jeremy L., additional, Obst, Joachim, additional, Boike, Julia, additional, Clark, Karin, additional, MacIntosh, Katie, additional, Betway‐May, Katlyn R., additional, Case, Liam, additional, Björkman, Mats P., additional, Moody, Michael L., additional, Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional, Molgaard, Per, additional, Björk, Robert G., additional, Hollister, Robert D., additional, Bull, Roger D., additional, Agger, Sofie, additional, Maire, Vincent, additional, Henry, Greg H. R., additional, and Rieseberg, Loren H., additional

Published
2024
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11. A circumpolar study unveils a positive non-linear effect of temperature on arctic arthropod availability that may reduce the risk of warming-induced trophic mismatch for breeding shorebirds

Author

Chagnon-Lafortune, Aurélie, Duchesne, Éliane, Legagneux, Pierre, McKinnon, Laura, Reneerkens, Jeroen, Casajus, Nicolas, Abraham, Kenneth F., Bolduc, Élise, Brown, Glen S., Brown, Stephen C., Gates, H.R., Gilg, Olivier, Giroux, Marie Andrée, Gurney, Kirsty, Kendall, Steve, Kwon, Eunbi, Lanctot, Richard B., Lank, David B., Lecomte, Nicolas, Leung, Maria, Liebezeit, Joseph R., Morrison, R.I.G., Nol, Erica, Payer, David C., Reid, Donald, Ruthrauff, Daniel, Saalfeld, Sarah T., Sandercock, Brett K., Smith, Paul A., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Tulp, Ingrid, Ward, David H., Høye, Toke T., Berteaux, Dominique, Bêty, Joël, Chagnon-Lafortune, Aurélie, Duchesne, Éliane, Legagneux, Pierre, McKinnon, Laura, Reneerkens, Jeroen, Casajus, Nicolas, Abraham, Kenneth F., Bolduc, Élise, Brown, Glen S., Brown, Stephen C., Gates, H.R., Gilg, Olivier, Giroux, Marie Andrée, Gurney, Kirsty, Kendall, Steve, Kwon, Eunbi, Lanctot, Richard B., Lank, David B., Lecomte, Nicolas, Leung, Maria, Liebezeit, Joseph R., Morrison, R.I.G., Nol, Erica, Payer, David C., Reid, Donald, Ruthrauff, Daniel, Saalfeld, Sarah T., Sandercock, Brett K., Smith, Paul A., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Tulp, Ingrid, Ward, David H., Høye, Toke T., Berteaux, Dominique, and Bêty, Joël

Abstract

Seasonally abundant arthropods are a crucial food source for many migratory birds that breed in the Arctic. In cold environments, the growth and emergence of arthropods are particularly tied to temperature. Thus, the phenology of arthropods is anticipated to undergo a rapid change in response to a warming climate, potentially leading to a trophic mismatch between migratory insectivorous birds and their prey. Using data from 19 sites spanning a wide temperature gradient from the Subarctic to the High Arctic, we investigated the effects of temperature on the phenology and biomass of arthropods available to shorebirds during their short breeding season at high latitudes. We hypothesized that prolonged exposure to warmer summer temperatures would generate earlier peaks in arthropod biomass, as well as higher peak and seasonal biomass. Across the temperature gradient encompassed by our study sites (>10°C in average summer temperatures), we found a 3-day shift in average peak date for every increment of 80 cumulative thawing degree-days. Interestingly, we found a linear relationship between temperature and arthropod biomass only below temperature thresholds. Higher temperatures were associated with higher peak and seasonal biomass below 106 and 177 cumulative thawing degree-days, respectively, between June 5 and July 15. Beyond these thresholds, no relationship was observed between temperature and arthropod biomass. Our results suggest that prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures can positively influence prey availability for some arctic birds. This positive effect could, in part, stem from changes in arthropod assemblages and may reduce the risk of trophic mismatch.

Published
2024

12. Population genomics of the muskox' resilience in the near absence of genetic variation

Author

Pečnerová, Patrícia, Lord, Edana, Garcia-Erill, Genís, Hanghøj, Kristian, Rasmussen, Malthe Sebro, Meisner, Jonas, Liu, Xiaodong, van der Valk, Tom, Santander, Cindy G., Quinn, Liam, Lin, Long, Liu, Shanlin, Carøe, Christian, Dalerum, Fredrik, Götherström, Anders, Måsviken, Johannes, Vartanyan, Sergey, Raundrup, Katrine, Al-Chaer, Amal, Rasmussen, Linett, Hvilsom, Christina, Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter, Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Aastrup, Peter, Van Coeverden de Groot, Peter J., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Albrechtsen, Anders, Dalén, Love, Heller, Rasmus, Moltke, Ida, Redlef Siegismund, Hans, Pečnerová, Patrícia, Lord, Edana, Garcia-Erill, Genís, Hanghøj, Kristian, Rasmussen, Malthe Sebro, Meisner, Jonas, Liu, Xiaodong, van der Valk, Tom, Santander, Cindy G., Quinn, Liam, Lin, Long, Liu, Shanlin, Carøe, Christian, Dalerum, Fredrik, Götherström, Anders, Måsviken, Johannes, Vartanyan, Sergey, Raundrup, Katrine, Al-Chaer, Amal, Rasmussen, Linett, Hvilsom, Christina, Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter, Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S., Aastrup, Peter, Van Coeverden de Groot, Peter J., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Albrechtsen, Anders, Dalén, Love, Heller, Rasmus, Moltke, Ida, and Redlef Siegismund, Hans

Abstract

Genomic studies of species threatened by extinction are providing crucial information about evolutionary mechanisms and genetic consequences of population declines and bottlenecks. However, to understand how species avoid the extinction vortex, insights can be drawn by studying species that thrive despite past declines. Here, we studied the population genomics of the muskox (Ovibos moschatus), an Ice Age relict that was at the brink of extinction for thousands of years at the end of the Pleistocene yet appears to be thriving today. We analysed 108 whole genomes, including present-day individuals representing the current native range of both muskox subspecies, the white-faced and the barren-ground muskox (O. moschatus wardi and O. moschatus moschatus) and a ~21,000-year-old ancient individual from Siberia. We found that the muskox' demographic history was profoundly shaped by past climate changes and post-glacial re-colonizations. In particular, the white-faced muskox has the lowest genome-wide heterozygosity recorded in an ungulate. Yet, there is no evidence of inbreeding depression in native muskox populations. We hypothesize that this can be explained by the effect of long-term gradual population declines that allowed for purging of strongly deleterious mutations. This study provides insights into how species with a history of population bottlenecks, small population sizes and low genetic diversity survive against all odds.

Published
2024
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13. Global Spore Sampling Project:A global, standardized dataset of airborne fungal DNA

Author

Ovaskainen, Otso, Abrego, Nerea, Furneaux, Brendan, Hardwick, Bess, Somervuo, Panu, Palorinne, Isabella, Andrew, Nigel R, Babiy, Ulyana V, Bao, Tan, Bazzano, Gisela, Bondarchuk, Svetlana N, Bonebrake, Timothy C, Brennan, Georgina L, Bret-Harte, Syndonia, Bässler, Claus, Cagnolo, Luciano, Cameron, Erin K, Chapurlat, Elodie, Creer, Simon, D'Acqui, Luigi P, de Vere, Natasha, Desprez-Loustau, Marie-Laure, Dongmo, Michel A K, Dyrholm Jacobsen, Ida B, Fisher, Brian L, Flores de Jesus, Miguel, Gilbert, Gregory S, Griffith, Gareth W, Gritsuk, Anna A, Gross, Andrin, Grudd, Håkan, Halme, Panu, Hanna, Rachid, Hansen, Jannik, Hansen, Lars Holst, Hegbe, Apollon D M T, Hill, Sarah, Hogg, Ian D, Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Kevin D, Hynson, Nicole A, Ivanova, Natalia, Karisto, Petteri, Kerdraon, Deirdre, Knorre, Anastasia, Krisai-Greilhuber, Irmgard, Kurhinen, Juri, Kuzmina, Masha, Lecomte, Nicolas, Lecomte, Erin, Loaiza, Viviana, Lundin, Erik, Meire, Alexander, Mešić, Armin, Miettinen, Otto, Monkhause, Norman, Mortimer, Peter, Müller, Jörg, Nilsson, R Henrik, Nonti, Puani Yannick C, Nordén, Jenni, Nordén, Björn, Paz, Claudia, Pellikka, Petri, Pereira, Danilo, Petch, Geoff, Pitkänen, Juha-Matti, Popa, Flavius, Potter, Caitlin, Purhonen, Jenna, Pätsi, Sanna, Rafiq, Abdullah, Raharinjanahary, Dimby, Rakos, Niklas, Rathnayaka, Achala R, Raundrup, Katrine, Rebriev, Yury A, Rikkinen, Jouko, Rogers, Hanna M K, Rogovsky, Andrey, Rozhkov, Yuri, Runnel, Kadri, Saarto, Annika, Savchenko, Anton, Schlegel, Markus, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Seibold, Sebastian, Skjøth, Carsten, Stengel, Elisa, Sutyrina, Svetlana V, Syvänperä, Ilkka, Tedersoo, Leho, Timm, Jebidiah, Tipton, Laura, Toju, Hirokazu, Uscka-Perzanowska, Maria, van der Bank, Michelle, Herman van der Bank, F, Vandenbrink, Bryan, Ventura, Stefano, Vignisson, Solvi R, Wang, Xiaoyang, Weisser, Wolfgang W, Wijesinghe, Subodini N, Joseph Wright, S, Yang, Chunyan, Yorou, Nourou S, Young, Amanda, Yu, Douglas W, Zakharov, Evgeny V, Hebert, Paul D N, Roslin, Tomas, Ovaskainen, Otso, Abrego, Nerea, Furneaux, Brendan, Hardwick, Bess, Somervuo, Panu, Palorinne, Isabella, Andrew, Nigel R, Babiy, Ulyana V, Bao, Tan, Bazzano, Gisela, Bondarchuk, Svetlana N, Bonebrake, Timothy C, Brennan, Georgina L, Bret-Harte, Syndonia, Bässler, Claus, Cagnolo, Luciano, Cameron, Erin K, Chapurlat, Elodie, Creer, Simon, D'Acqui, Luigi P, de Vere, Natasha, Desprez-Loustau, Marie-Laure, Dongmo, Michel A K, Dyrholm Jacobsen, Ida B, Fisher, Brian L, Flores de Jesus, Miguel, Gilbert, Gregory S, Griffith, Gareth W, Gritsuk, Anna A, Gross, Andrin, Grudd, Håkan, Halme, Panu, Hanna, Rachid, Hansen, Jannik, Hansen, Lars Holst, Hegbe, Apollon D M T, Hill, Sarah, Hogg, Ian D, Hultman, Jenni, Hyde, Kevin D, Hynson, Nicole A, Ivanova, Natalia, Karisto, Petteri, Kerdraon, Deirdre, Knorre, Anastasia, Krisai-Greilhuber, Irmgard, Kurhinen, Juri, Kuzmina, Masha, Lecomte, Nicolas, Lecomte, Erin, Loaiza, Viviana, Lundin, Erik, Meire, Alexander, Mešić, Armin, Miettinen, Otto, Monkhause, Norman, Mortimer, Peter, Müller, Jörg, Nilsson, R Henrik, Nonti, Puani Yannick C, Nordén, Jenni, Nordén, Björn, Paz, Claudia, Pellikka, Petri, Pereira, Danilo, Petch, Geoff, Pitkänen, Juha-Matti, Popa, Flavius, Potter, Caitlin, Purhonen, Jenna, Pätsi, Sanna, Rafiq, Abdullah, Raharinjanahary, Dimby, Rakos, Niklas, Rathnayaka, Achala R, Raundrup, Katrine, Rebriev, Yury A, Rikkinen, Jouko, Rogers, Hanna M K, Rogovsky, Andrey, Rozhkov, Yuri, Runnel, Kadri, Saarto, Annika, Savchenko, Anton, Schlegel, Markus, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Seibold, Sebastian, Skjøth, Carsten, Stengel, Elisa, Sutyrina, Svetlana V, Syvänperä, Ilkka, Tedersoo, Leho, Timm, Jebidiah, Tipton, Laura, Toju, Hirokazu, Uscka-Perzanowska, Maria, van der Bank, Michelle, Herman van der Bank, F, Vandenbrink, Bryan, Ventura, Stefano, Vignisson, Solvi R, Wang, Xiaoyang, Weisser, Wolfgang W, Wijesinghe, Subodini N, Joseph Wright, S, Yang, Chunyan, Yorou, Nourou S, Young, Amanda, Yu, Douglas W, Zakharov, Evgeny V, Hebert, Paul D N, and Roslin, Tomas

Abstract

Novel methods for sampling and characterizing biodiversity hold great promise for re-evaluating patterns of life across the planet. The sampling of airborne spores with a cyclone sampler, and the sequencing of their DNA, have been suggested as an efficient and well-calibrated tool for surveying fungal diversity across various environments. Here we present data originating from the Global Spore Sampling Project, comprising 2,768 samples collected during two years at 47 outdoor locations across the world. Each sample represents fungal DNA extracted from 24 m 3 of air. We applied a conservative bioinformatics pipeline that filtered out sequences that did not show strong evidence of representing a fungal species. The pipeline yielded 27,954 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Each OTU is accompanied by a probabilistic taxonomic classification, validated through comparison with expert evaluations. To examine the potential of the data for ecological analyses, we partitioned the variation in species distributions into spatial and seasonal components, showing a strong effect of the annual mean temperature on community composition.

Published
2024

14. Corrigendum: Development of a multi-scale monitoring programme: approaches for the Arctic and lessons learned from the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Programme 2002-2022

Author

Barry, Tom, primary, Christensen, Tom, additional, Behe, Carolina, additional, Coon, Catherine, additional, Culp, Joseph M., additional, Vongraven, Dag, additional, Fletcher, Sierra, additional, Gill, Micheal, additional, Goedkoop, Willem, additional, Hindrum, Reidar, additional, Jacobson, Cynthia, additional, Jones, Tahzay, additional, Lárusson, Kári Fannar, additional, Lento, Jennifer, additional, Marissink, Mark, additional, McLennan, Donald, additional, Price, Courtney, additional, Rönkä, Mia, additional, Svoboda, Michael, additional, Thaulow, Inge, additional, Taylor, Jason, additional, Wegeberg, Susse, additional, Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional, Smith, Risa, additional, and Petersen, Ævar, additional

Published
2024
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16. Arctic terrestrial biodiversity status and trends: A synopsis of science supporting the CBMP State of Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity Report

Author

Taylor, Jason J., Lawler, James P., Aronsson, Mora, Barry, Tom, Bjorkman, Anne D., Christensen, Tom, Coulson, Stephen J., Cuyler, Christine, Ehrich, Dorothee, Falk, Knud, Franke, Alastair, Fuglei, Eva, Gillespie, Mark A., Heiðmarsson, Starri, Høye, Toke, Jenkins, Liza K., Ravolainen, Virve, Smith, Paul A., Wasowicz, Pawel, and Schmidt, Niels Martin

Published
2020
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17. Muskox status, recent variation, and uncertain future

Author

Cuyler, Christine, Rowell, Janice, Adamczewski, Jan, Anderson, Morgan, Blake, John, Bretten, Tord, Brodeur, Vincent, Campbell, Mitch, Checkley, Sylvia L., Cluff, H. Dean, Côté, Steeve D., Davison, Tracy, Dumond, Mathieu, Ford, Barrie, Gruzdev, Alexander, Gunn, Anne, Jones, Patrick, Kutz, Susan, Leclerc, Lisa-Marie, Mallory, Conor, Mavrot, Fabien, Mosbacher, Jesper Bruun, Okhlopkov, Innokentiy Mikhailovich, Reynolds, Patricia, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Sipko, Taras, Suitor, Mike, Tomaselli, Matilde, and Ytrehus, Bjørnar

Published
2020
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18. Circumpolar status of Arctic ptarmigan: Population dynamics and trends

Author

Fuglei, Eva, Henden, John-André, Callahan, Chris T., Gilg, Olivier, Hansen, Jannik, Ims, Rolf A., Isaev, Arkady P., Lang, Johannes, McIntyre, Carol L., Merizon, Richard A., Mineev, Oleg Y., Mineev, Yuri N., Mossop, Dave, Nielsen, Olafur K., Nilsen, Erlend B., Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Sittler, Benoît, Willebrand, Maria Hørnell, and Martin, Kathy

Published
2020
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20. Population genomics of the muskox' resilience in the near absence of genetic variation

Author

Pečnerová, Patrícia, primary, Lord, Edana, additional, Garcia‐Erill, Genís, additional, Hanghøj, Kristian, additional, Rasmussen, Malthe Sebro, additional, Meisner, Jonas, additional, Liu, Xiaodong, additional, van der Valk, Tom, additional, Santander, Cindy G., additional, Quinn, Liam, additional, Lin, Long, additional, Liu, Shanlin, additional, Carøe, Christian, additional, Dalerum, Fredrik, additional, Götherström, Anders, additional, Måsviken, Johannes, additional, Vartanyan, Sergey, additional, Raundrup, Katrine, additional, Al‐Chaer, Amal, additional, Rasmussen, Linett, additional, Hvilsom, Christina, additional, Heide‐Jørgensen, Mads Peter, additional, Sinding, Mikkel‐Holger S., additional, Aastrup, Peter, additional, Van Coeverden de Groot, Peter J., additional, Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional, Albrechtsen, Anders, additional, Dalén, Love, additional, Heller, Rasmus, additional, Moltke, Ida, additional, and Siegismund, Hans Redlef, additional

Published
2023
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21. Warming shortens flowering seasons of tundra plant communities

Author

Prevéy, Janet S., Rixen, Christian, Rüger, Nadja, Høye, Toke T., Bjorkman, Anne D., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Elmendorf, Sarah C., Ashton, Isabel W., Cannone, Nicoletta, Chisholm, Chelsea L., Clark, Karin, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Elberling, Bo, Fosaa, Anna Maria, Henry, Greg H. R., Hollister, Robert D., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Klanderud, Kari, Kopp, Christopher W., Lévesque, Esther, Mauritz, Marguerite, Molau, Ulf, Natali, Susan M., Oberbauer, Steven. F., Panchen, Zoe A., Post, Eric, Rumpf, Sabine B., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Schuur, Edward, Semenchuk, Philipp R., Smith, Jane G., Suding, Katharine N., Totland, Ørjan, Troxler, Tiffany, Venn, Susanna, Wahren, Carl-Henrik, Welker, Jeffrey M., and Wipf, Sonja

Published
2019
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24. Muskox Health Ecology Symposium 2016: Gathering to Share Knowledge on "Umingmak" in a Time of Rapid Change

Author

Kutz, Susan, Rowell, Jan, Adamczewski, Jan, Gunn, Anne, Cuyler, Christine, Aleuy, O. Alejandro, Austin, Mark, Berger, Joel, Blake, John, Bondo, Kristin, Dalton, Chimoné, Dobson, Andy, Di Francesco, Juliette, Gerlach, Craig, Kafle, Pratap, Mavrot, Fabien, Mosbacher, Jesper, Murray, Maribeth, Nascou, Alex, Orsel, Karin, Rossouw, Francois, Schmidt, Niels-Martin, Suitor, Mike, Tomaselli, Matilde, and Ytrehus, Bjørnar

Published
2017

29. Development of a multi-scale monitoring programme: approaches for the Arctic and lessons learned from the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Programme 2002-2022

Author

Barry, Tom, primary, Christensen, Tom, additional, Behe, Carolina, additional, Coon, Catherine, additional, Culp, Joseph M., additional, Fletcher, Sierra, additional, Gill, Micheal, additional, Goedkoop, Willem, additional, Hindrum, Reidar, additional, Jacobson, Cynthia, additional, Jones, Tahzay, additional, Lárusson, Kári Fannar, additional, Lento, Jennifer, additional, Marissink, Mark, additional, McLennan, Donald, additional, Price, Courtney, additional, Rönkä, Mia, additional, Svoboda, Michael, additional, Thaulow, Inge, additional, Taylor, Jason, additional, Wegeberg, Susse, additional, Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional, and Smith, Risa, additional

Published
2023
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30. Little directional change in the timing of Arctic spring phenology over the past 25 years

Author

Schmidt, Niels Martin, primary, Kankaanpää, Tuomas, additional, Tiusanen, Mikko, additional, Reneerkens, Jeroen, additional, Versluijs, Tom S.L., additional, Hansen, Lars Holst, additional, Hansen, Jannik, additional, Gerlich, Hannah Sørine, additional, Høye, Toke T., additional, Cirtwill, Alyssa R., additional, Zhemchuzhnikov, Mikhail K., additional, Peña-Aguilera, Pablo, additional, and Roslin, Tomas, additional

Published
2023
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31. Multiple Pleistocene refugia for Arctic White Heather (Cassiope tetragona) supported by population genomics analyses of contemporary and Little-Ice-Age samples

Author

Elphinstone, Cassandra, primary, Hernandez, Fernando, additional, Todesco, Marco, additional, Légaré, Jean-Sébastien, additional, Cheung, Winnie, additional, Sokoloff, Paul C., additional, Hofgaard, Annika, additional, Christiansen, Casper T., additional, Frei, Esther R., additional, Lévesque, Esther, additional, Daskalova, Gergana N., additional, Thomas, Haydn J. D., additional, Myers-Smith, Isla H., additional, Harris, Jacob A., additional, Saarela, Jeffery M., additional, May, Jeremy L., additional, Obst, Joachim, additional, Boike, Julia, additional, Clark, Karin, additional, MacIntosh, Katie, additional, Betway-May, Katlyn R., additional, Björkman, Mats P., additional, Moody, Michael L., additional, Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional, Molgaard, Per, additional, Björk, Robert G., additional, Hollister, Robert D., additional, Bull, Roger D., additional, Agger, Sofie, additional, Maire, Vincent, additional, Case, Liam, additional, Henry, Greg H.R., additional, and Rieseberg, Loren H., additional

Published
2023
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33. Different currencies for calculating resource phenology result in opposite inferences about trophic mismatches.

Author

Versluijs, Tom S. L., Zhemchuzhnikov, Mikhail K., Kutcherov, Dmitry, Roslin, Tomas, Schmidt, Niels Martin, van Gils, Jan A., and Reneerkens, Jeroen

Subjects
PHENOLOGY, PLANT phenology, HARD currencies, CLIMATE change, BIOMASS, ARTHROPODA
Abstract

Shifts in phenology are among the key responses of organisms to climate change. When rates of phenological change differ between interacting species they may result in phenological asynchrony. Studies have found conflicting patterns concerning the direction and magnitude of changes in synchrony, which have been attributed to biological factors. A hitherto overlooked additional explanation are differences in the currency used to quantify resource phenology, such as abundance and biomass. Studying an insectivorous bird (the sanderling) and its prey, we show that the median date of cumulative arthropod biomass occurred, on average, 6.9 days after the median date of cumulative arthropod abundance. In some years this difference could be as large as 21 days. For 23 years, hatch dates of sanderlings became less synchronized with the median date of arthropod abundance, but more synchronized with the median date of arthropod biomass. The currency-specific trends can be explained by our finding that mean biomass per arthropod specimen increased with date. Using a conceptual simulation, we show that estimated rates of phenological change for abundance and biomass can differ depending on temporal shifts in the size distribution of resources. We conclude that studies of trophic mismatch based on different currencies for resource phenology can be incompatible with each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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34. Prevalence of antibodies against Brucella spp. in West Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and East Greenland muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus)

Author

Sonne, Christian, Andersen-Ranberg, Emilie, Rajala, Elisabeth L., Agerholm, Jørgen S., Bonefeld-Jørgensen, Eva, Desforges, Jean-Pierre, Eulaers, Igor, Gustavson, Kim, Jenssen, Bjørn M., Koch, Anders, Rosing-Asvid, Aqqalu, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Grøndahl, Carsten, Mosbacher, Jesper B., Siebert, Ursula, Tryland, Morten, Mulvad, Gert, Born, Erik W., Laidre, Kristin, Wiig, Øystein, Dietz, Rune, and Magnusson, Ulf

Published
2018
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36. Geochemical landscapes as drivers of wildlife reproductive success:Insights from a high-Arctic ecosystem

Author

van Beest, Floris M., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Stewart, Lærke, Hansen, Lars H., Michelsen, Anders, Mosbacher, Jesper B., Gilbert, Hugo, Le Roux, Gaël, Hansson, Sophia V., van Beest, Floris M., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Stewart, Lærke, Hansen, Lars H., Michelsen, Anders, Mosbacher, Jesper B., Gilbert, Hugo, Le Roux, Gaël, and Hansson, Sophia V.

Abstract

The bioavailability of essential and non-essential elements in vegetation is expected to influence the performance of free-ranging terrestrial herbivores. However, attempts to relate the use of geochemical landscapes by animal populations directly to reproductive output are currently lacking. Here we measured concentrations of 14 essential and non-essential elements in soil and vegetation samples collected in the Zackenberg valley, northeast Greenland, and linked these to environmental conditions to spatially predict and map geochemical landscapes. We then used long-term (1996–2021) survey data of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) to quantify annual variation in the relative use of essential and non-essential elements in vegetated sites and their relationship to calf recruitment the following year. Results showed that the relative use of the geochemical landscape by muskoxen varied substantially between years and differed among elements. Selection for vegetated sites with higher levels of the essential elements N, Cu, Se, and Mo was positively linked to annual calf recruitment. In contrast, selection for vegetated sites with higher concentrations of the non-essential elements As and Pb was negatively correlated to annual calf recruitment. Based on the concentrations measured in our study, we found no apparent associations between annual calf recruitment and levels of C, Mn, Co, Zn, Cd, Ba, Hg, and C:N ratio in the vegetation. We conclude that the spatial distribution and access to essential and non-essential elements are important drivers of reproductive output in muskoxen, which may also apply to other wildlife populations. The value of geochemical landscapes to assess habitat-performance relationships is likely to increase under future environmental change., The bioavailability of essential and non-essential elements in vegetation is expected to influence the performance of free-ranging terrestrial herbivores. However, attempts to relate the use of geochemical landscapes by animal populations directly to reproductive output are currently lacking. Here we measured concentrations of 14 essential and non-essential elements in soil and vegetation samples collected in the Zackenberg valley, northeast Greenland, and linked these to environmental conditions to spatially predict and map geochemical landscapes. We then used long-term (1996–2021) survey data of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) to quantify annual variation in the relative use of essential and non-essential elements in vegetated sites and their relationship to calf recruitment the following year. Results showed that the relative use of the geochemical landscape by muskoxen varied substantially between years and differed among elements. Selection for vegetated sites with higher levels of the essential elements N, Cu, Se, and Mo was positively linked to annual calf recruitment. In contrast, selection for vegetated sites with higher concentrations of the non-essential elements As and Pb was negatively correlated to annual calf recruitment. Based on the concentrations measured in our study, we found no apparent associations between annual calf recruitment and levels of C, Mn, Co, Zn, Cd, Ba, Hg, and C:N ratio in the vegetation. We conclude that the spatial distribution and access to essential and non-essential elements are important drivers of reproductive output in muskoxen, which may also apply to other wildlife populations. The value of geochemical landscapes to assess habitat-performance relationships is likely to increase under future environmental change.

Published
2023

38. The regional species richness and genetic diversity of Arctic vegetation reflect both past glaciations and current climate

Author

Stewart, Lærke, Alsos, Inger G., Bay, Christian, Breen, Amy L., Brochmann, Christian, Boulanger-Lapointe, Noémie, Broennimann, Olivier, Bültmann, Helga, Bøcher, Peder Klith, Damgaard, Christian, Daniëls, Fred J. A., Ehrich, Dorothee, Eidesen, Pernille Bronken, Guisan, Antoine, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Lenoir, Jonathan, le Roux, Peter C., Lévesque, Esther, Luoto, Miska, Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, Schönswetter, Peter, Tribsch, Andreas, Tveraabak, Liv Unn, Virtanen, Risto, Walker, Donald A., Westergaard, Kristine B., Yoccoz, Nigel G., Svenning, Jens-Christian, Wisz, Mary, Schmidt, Niels Martin, and Pellissier, Loïc

Published
2016

40. Extreme shifts in habitat suitability under contemporary climate change for a high‑Arctic herbivore

Author

van Beest, Floris, López-Blanco, Efrén, Hansen, Lars Holst, and Schmidt, Niels Martin

Abstract

Climate change is a major determinant of shifts in species’ distribution ranges and habitat suitability. The Arctic is one of the planet’s most rapidly warming regions, yet biogeographic responses to contemporary climate change remain unknown for most cold-adapted mammalian species. Using the maximum entropy machine learning algorithm and 40 years (1981–2020) of observation data of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) collected across the Northeast Greenland National Park (NGNP), we detect rapid northward shifts (69–108 km per decade) of high to medium suitable habitat coinciding with a southward shift (27 km per decade) of low suitable habitat. Biogeographic response rates accelerated after the start of the twenty-frst century, when anomalies in temperature and precipitation became more frequent and intensified. Our study shows that contemporary climate change has led toextreme directional shifts in habitat suitability for the largest herbivore roaming the Arctic tundra when compared to other species from around the globe. The consequences of these extreme directional shifts in habitat suitability on local population persistence remain to be determined but gene flow and dispersal capacity across the rugged Arctic landscape are likely important drivers

Published
2023

41. Background invertebrate herbivory on dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa-nana complex) increases with temperature and precipitation across the tundra biome

Author

Barrio, Isabel C., Lindén, Elin, Te Beest, Mariska, Olofsson, Johan, Rocha, Adrian, Soininen, Eeva M., Alatalo, Juha M., Andersson, Tommi, Asmus, Ashley, Boike, Julia, Bråthen, Kari Anne, Bryant, John P., Buchwal, Agata, Bueno, C. Guillermo, Christie, Katherine S., Denisova, Yulia V., Egelkraut, Dagmar, Ehrich, Dorothee, Fishback, LeeAnn, Forbes, Bruce C., Gartzia, Maite, Grogan, Paul, Hallinger, Martin, Heijmans, Monique M. P. D., Hik, David S., Hofgaard, Annika, Holmgren, Milena, Høye, Toke T., Huebner, Diane C., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala, Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Kumpula, Timo, Lange, Cynthia Y. M. J. G., Lange, Jelena, Lévesque, Esther, Limpens, Juul, Macias-Fauria, Marc, Myers-Smith, Isla, van Nieukerken, Erik J., Normand, Signe, Post, Eric S., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Sitters, Judith, Skoracka, Anna, Sokolov, Alexander, Sokolova, Natalya, Speed, James D. M., Street, Lorna E., Sundqvist, Maja K., Suominen, Otso, Tananaev, Nikita, Tremblay, Jean-Pierre, Urbanowicz, Christine, Uvarov, Sergey A., Watts, David, Wilmking, Martin, Wookey, Philip A., Zimmermann, Heike H., Zverev, Vitali, and Kozlov, Mikhail V.

Published
2017
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46. Circum-Arctic distribution of chemical anti-herbivore compounds suggests biome-wide trade-off in defence strategies in Arctic shrubs

Author

Lindén, Elin, te Beest, Mariska, Abreu, Ilka N., Moritz, Thomas, Sundqvist, Maja K., Barrio, Isabel C., Boike, Julia, Bryant, John P., Bråthen, Kari Anne, Buchwal, Agata, Bueno, C. Guillermo, Cuerrier, Alain, Egelkraut, Dagmar D., Forbes, Bruce C., Hallinger, Martin, Heijmans, Monique, Hermanutz, Luise, Hik, David S., Hofgaard, Annika, Holmgren, Milena, Huebner, Diane C., Høye, Toke T., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Kaarlejärvi, Elina, Kissler, Emilie, Kumpula, Timo, Limpens, Juul, Myers-Smith, Isla H., Normand, Signe, Post, Eric, Rocha, Adrian V., Schmidt, Niels Martin, Skarin, Anna, Soininen, Eeva M., Sokolov, Aleksandr, Sokolova, Natalia, Speed, James D. M., Street, Lorna, Tananaev, Nikita, Tremblay, Jean-Pierre, Urbanowicz, Christine, Watts, David A., Zimmermann, Heike, Olofsson, Johan, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Spatial Ecology and Global Change, Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, and Research Centre for Ecological Change

Subjects
tundra, birch, Zoology and botany: 480 [VDP], climate adaptation, Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, ECOLOGY, EU Birds Directive, Arctic, VDP::Mathematics and natural scienses: 400::Zoology and botany: 480, conservation policy, Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480 [VDP], PHENOLICS, distribution change, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Betula, SUPPRESSION, Ekologi, TANNINS, WIMEK, Ecology, herbivory, LIFE program, colonization, PE&RC, metabolomics, wetland, plant chemical defence, COMMUNITY, shrubs, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, VDP::Matematikk og naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480, 1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology, Plantenecologie en Natuurbeheer, VEGETATION, WOODY, RESPONSES
Abstract

Spatial variation in plant chemical defence towards herbivores can help us understand variation in herbivore top–down control of shrubs in the Arctic and possibly also shrub responses to global warming. Less defended, non-resinous shrubs could be more influenced by herbivores than more defended, resinous shrubs. However, sparse field measurements limit our current understanding of how much of the circum-Arctic variation in defence compounds is explained by taxa or defence functional groups (resinous/non-resinous). We measured circum-Arctic chemical defence and leaf digestibility in resinous (Betula glandulosa, B. nana ssp. exilis) and non-resinous (B. nana ssp. nana, B. pumila) shrub birches to see how they vary among and within taxa and functional groups. Using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) metabolomic analyses and in vitro leaf digestibility via incubation in cattle rumen fluid, we analysed defence composition and leaf digestibility in 128 samples from 44 tundra locations. We found biogeographical patterns in anti-herbivore defence where mean leaf triterpene concentrations and twig resin gland density were greater in resinous taxa and mean concentrations of condensing tannins were greater in non-resinous taxa. This indicates a biome-wide trade-off between triterpene- or tannin-dominated defences. However, we also found variations in chemical defence composition and resin gland density both within and among functional groups (resinous/non-resinous) and taxa, suggesting these categorisations only partly predict chemical herbivore defence. Complex tannins were the only defence compounds negatively related to in vitro digestibility, identifying this previously neglected tannin group as having a potential key role in birch anti-herbivore defence. We conclude that circum-Arctic variation in birch anti-herbivore defence can be partly derived from biogeographical distributions of birch taxa, although our detailed mapping of plant defence provides more information on this variation and can be used for better predictions of herbivore effects on Arctic vegetation.rotected area networks help species respond to climate warming. However, the contribution of a site’s environmental and conservation-relevant characteristics to these responsesis not well understood. We investigated how composition of nonbreeding waterbird communities (97 species) in the European Union Natura 2000 (N2K) network (3018 sites)changed in response to increases in temperature over 25 years in 26 European countries.We measured community reshuffling based on abundance time series collected under theInternational Waterbird Census relative to N2K sites’ conservation targets, funding, designation period, and management plan status. Waterbird community composition in sitesexplicitly designated to protect them and with management plans changed more quickly inresponse to climate warming than in other N2K sites. Temporal community changes werenot affected by the designation period despite greater exposure to temperature increaseinside late-designated N2K sites. Sites funded under the LIFE program had lower climate-driven community changes than sites that did not received LIFE funding. Our findingsimply that efficient conservation policy that helps waterbird communities respond to cli-mate warming is associated with sites specifically managed for waterbirds. climate adaptation, colonization, conservation policy, distribution change, EU Birds Directive, LIFE program,wetland. Arctic, Betula, birch, herbivory, metabolomics, plant chemical defence, shrubs, tundra publishedVersion

Published
2022
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47. Hair mineral levels as indicator of wildlife demographics?—a pilot study of muskoxen

Author

Mosbacher, Jesper Bruun, primary, Desforges, Jean-Pierre, additional, Michelsen, Anders, additional, Hansson, Sophia V., additional, Stelvig, Mikkel, additional, Eulaers, Igor, additional, Sonne, Christian, additional, Dietz, Rune, additional, Jenssen, Bjørn Munro, additional, Ciesielski, Tomasz Maciej, additional, Lierhagen, Syverin, additional, Flaten, Trond Peder, additional, Le Roux, Gaël, additional, Aggerbeck, Marie R., additional, and Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional

Published
2022
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48. Stable pollination service in a generalist high Arctic community despite the warming climate

Author

Cirtwill, Alyssa R., primary, Kaartinen, Riikka, additional, Rasmussen, Claus, additional, Redr, Deanne, additional, Wirta, Helena, additional, Olesen, Jens M., additional, Tiusanen, Mikko, additional, Ballantyne, Gavin, additional, Cunnold, Helen, additional, Stone, Graham N., additional, Schmidt, Niels Martin, additional, and Roslin, Tomas, additional

Published
2022
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50. Moving in the Anthropocene: Global reductions in terrestrial mammalian movements

Author

Tucker, Marlee A., Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Fagan, William F., Fryxell, John M., Van Moorter, Bram, Alberts, Susan C., Ali, Abdullahi H., Allen, Andrew M., Attias, Nina, Avgar, Tal, Bartlam-Brooks, Hattie, Bayarbaatar, Buuveibaatar, Belant, Jerrold L., Bertassoni, Alessandra, Beyer, Dean, Bidner, Laura, van Beest, Floris M., Blake, Stephen, Blaum, Niels, Bracis, Chloe, Brown, Danielle, de Bruyn, P. J. Nico, Cagnacci, Francesca, Calabrese, Justin M., Camilo-Alves, Constança, Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon, Chiaradia, Andre, Davidson, Sarah C., Dennis, Todd, DeStefano, Stephen, Diefenbach, Duane, Douglas-Hamilton, Iain, Fennessy, Julian, Fichtel, Claudia, Fiedler, Wolfgang, Fischer, Christina, Fischhoff, Ilya, Fleming, Christen H., Ford, Adam T., Fritz, Susanne A., Gehr, Benedikt, Goheen, Jacob R., Gurarie, Eliezer, Hebblewhite, Mark, Heurich, Marco, Hewison, A. J. Mark, Hof, Christian, Hurme, Edward, Isbell, Lynne A., Janssen, René, Jeltsch, Florian, Kaczensky, Petra, Kane, Adam, Kappeler, Peter M., Kauffman, Matthew, Kays, Roland, Kimuyu, Duncan, Koch, Flavia, Kranstauber, Bart, LaPoint, Scott, Leimgruber, Peter, Linnell, John D. C., López-López, Pascual, Markham, A. Catherine, Mattisson, Jenny, Medici, Emilia Patricia, Mellone, Ugo, Merrill, Evelyn, de Miranda Mourão, Guilherme, Morato, Ronaldo G., Morellet, Nicolas, Morrison, Thomas A., Díaz-Muñoz, Samuel L., Mysterud, Atle, Nandintsetseg, Dejid, Nathan, Ran, Niamir, Aidin, Odden, John, O’Hara, Robert B., Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo R., Olson, Kirk A., Patterson, Bruce D., Cunha de Paula, Rogerio, Pedrotti, Luca, Reineking, Björn, Rimmler, Martin, Rogers, Tracey L., Rolandsen, Christer Moe, Rosenberry, Christopher S., Rubenstein, Daniel I., Safi, Kamran, Saïd, Sonia, Sapir, Nir, Sawyer, Hall, Schmidt, Niels Martin, Selva, Nuria, Sergiel, Agnieszka, Shiilegdamba, Enkhtuvshin, Silva, João Paulo, Singh, Navinder, Solberg, Erling J., Spiegel, Orr, Strand, Olav, Sundaresan, Siva, Ullmann, Wiebke, Voigt, Ulrich, Wall, Jake, Wattles, David, Wikelski, Martin, Wilmers, Christopher C., Wilson, John W., Wittemyer, George, Zięba, Filip, Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz, and Mueller, Thomas

Published
2018
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