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There is a long-term dependence of most regions on federal budget subsidies in Russia. The policy of artificial financial equalization of the regions can create a dependent mood in weak regions and deprive the incentive to develop strong regions. In the Covid-19 era, the regions of the Russian Federation must find alternative sources of financing for their projects, including entrepreneurial ones, for example, through “people`s financing” and activation of territorial development based on the crowdfunding mechanism. The main purpose of the article is to consider the prospect of using crowdfunding as a sector of the distributed economy as an alternative financial tool to develop network interaction between business structures and self-government bodies in Russia. According to the authors, the development of such practices is due to several factors: the mixed results of applying self-taxation practices in the regions of Russia; in some cases, there is opposition to this mechanism by the population; the introduction in 2020 of a regulator of crowdfunding platforms; the growing involvement of citizens in various IT platforms, including investment. Entering into this project financing scheme for both individuals, business entities, and local governments allows optimizing the economic potential of all participants in this network, and obtaining a synergistic effect from combining their resources.

Since 2017, a housing renovation program has been implemented in Moscow, which is a unique program aimed at settling and demolishing shabby low-rise housing stock and new construction on the vacated territory. The renovation program raises a fundamental issue of construction waste disposal. Many current technologies of building mass demolition imply dusting of adjacent territories, have low efficiency in transporting construction waste generated in this process and lead to environmental problems resulting from its disposal, so the rational use of construction waste becomes one of the environmental protection's main points. In this research, we address the question: how the principle "Green Digital Technologies," reflected in the Moscow development concept "Smart City," which is a part of the housing renovation program in Moscow, is currently implemented. Three implementation ways of this principle have been revealed: contraction of "smart houses" under the renovation program according to smart 1.0 standard; use of BIM-technologies in the program; use of "smart demolition" technology. It is proposed to consider the process of recycling construction waste after demolishing old houses under the renovation program according to the principles of sharing and circular economy to increase the program's environmental friendliness and reduce environmental risks for the Moscow population.

Sharing economy platforms transform traditional production and consumption systems in cities around the world. While the sharing economy aims to increase the resilience of different economic systems, its actual economic, social, and environmental effects remain under-researched. During the pandemic of Covid-19, economic and environmental crises, and growing uncertainty, it becomes essential to promote sustainable and promising forms of shared (distributed) resources. Ways to benefit from the sharing economy's advantages, despite the significant number of Russian and foreign publications, are still poorly understood. At present, it is crucial to explore the roles, perspectives, and effects of both resource owners and users and Russian interaction platforms. Let us look at this sharing economy's development aspect on the example of the Moscow real estate market, taking into account the environmental impact of the large-scale housing renovation program. There have been identified some digital environmental IT platforms aimed at improving the efficiency of transfer and use of information resources (the main principle of sharing – to improve the efficiency of resources and information, in this case - environmental) on the environmental situation in Moscow and the region to inform the public about the opportunities and the primary environmental risks in housing purchase or construction.

The crisis caused by Covid-19 is very dangerous for the social and economic stability of the regions of the Russian Federation. There is a deterioration in the dynamics of the budget deficit of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in 2020. The Government of the Russian Federation is planning to provide non-targeted financial support to the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, while maintaining the existing approaches to the distribution of subsidies for equalization, to mitigate it. The long-term dependence of the majority of the country's regions on Federal budget subsidies and the implemented policy of artificial financial equalization of the regions can give rise to dependent moods in weak regions and deprive them of an incentive to develop strong regions. In the context of budget deficits at the regional and especially at the local levels, the search for additional sources of funding to solve the tasks that are socially significant for the territories becomes particularly urgent. The most effective way to finance municipal projects is to combine the funds of citizens, businesses, local and regional budgets. Regions should find alternative sources of financing for their projects, including through "people's financing" and the activation of the territorial self-government development based on the crowdfunding mechanism and its use in building an effective network of interaction between business structures and local self-government bodies. The article solves the following problems: the dynamics, problems and prospects of development in Russia of such instruments of "people's financing" as initiative budgeting and self-taxation are analyzed. The current scheme of self-taxation of citizens in the country was developed with a list of its shortcomings in implementation. Examples of implemented crowd projects for the development of territories of the Russian Federation, primarily in the field of public initiatives, are considered. A crowdsourcing platform, which has allowed to influence the process of territorial selfgovernment in Russia since 2018, was identified and described. The scheme of network interaction between business structures and local governments based on crowdfunding IT platforms is proposed. Methodological recommendations for the implementation of this scheme are given. The use of the crowdfunding mechanism in the territorial selfgovernment of regions can help to solve the tasks set out in a number of state programs of the Russian Federation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the backgrounds of the need to draft a standard of life quality in Moscow, due to increased migration flows, overpopulation of the capital, high environmental pollution, increased morbidity and environmental risks of the population. The author offers a single methodological tool: assessment of the urban habitat quality; assessment of the population life quality; population life quality standard (with an indication of the guaranteed values of normative parameters set depending on the population of the territory, with an emphasis on the cities of federal importance and the capital of the Russian Federation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The real property value in Moscow has remained at about the same level for a decade and the mass media strongly support the idea of a "cost of life success" associated with the purchase of housing in Moscow both in terms of the life quality in the capital and the profitability of investing. The authors dispel this "myth" both from a financial and environmental point of view taking into account the problem of assessing the environmental risks of the population in connection with the program of housing renovation being actively implemented in Moscow now. It is noted that the renovation program faces an environmental catastrophe for Moscow and the Moscow region because of the urban densification and the unresolved issues of garbage disposal. The regulatory legal acts have been analyzed that are directly violated by the renovation program, including the Constitution of the Russian Federation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the problem of quality of management (or "management quality") in Russia in macro and microeconomic aspects. The authors note that its almost permanent anti-crisis character is a feature of Russian management. Russian managers have been working in the period of external sanctions applying to Russia since 2014 and they are practically accustomed both to the often changing economic rules of the game, which are constantly introduced by the government, and to alternating economic crises. The authors have considered the most unpopular government's decision from June 14, 2018 on the stage-by-stage rising of the retirement age in the Russian Federation from the point of view of assessing the quality of public administration. The authors put the term "management quality institute" into practice and consider it to be a system of subjectobject relations aimed at maximum satisfaction of the society needs, taking into account the requirements of moral, social and economic norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is aimed at justifying the application of the methodology for evaluation and improvement of the operating efficiency of the quality management system (QMS) for state executive bodies. The term "operating efficiency of QMS" is considered by the authors as a ratio between the effectiveness of the group of QMS processes "Management responsibility" and the resources used for their development, implementation and improvement. The term "management responsibility" means "the responsibility of officials implementing powers of the authority". The relevance of the article is dictated by the fact that on the one hand, the normative legal acts issued by the Government of the Russian Federation declare the primacy of the problems of life quality improving, health preservation and increasing of citizens’ life expectancy, on the other hand, they initiate an increase of the retirement age and practically a "lifelong" need of citizens labor activity. This problem stirred the Russian public and pointed once again to the low quality of the country social management and the need to assess the responsibility of officials implementing powers of the authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors consider the interconnection of the concepts "environmental factors of life quality" - "health saving" - " property value " (as the boundaries of human life activity, aimed at health saving taking into account the environmental risks) using the example of Moscow. The issue of the environmental component in the assessment of real estate and the environment is one of the most discussed at the moment. The authors concluded that today's methods used to estimate the value of residential properties in Moscow almost don't reflect the level of ecological cleanliness of the districts and, as a consequence, the level of health saving of the population living there. The methodology for assessing the property value should be based, inter alia, on a system of healthsaving indicators, including: environmental performance (sanitary and hygienic), social indicators and lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of QMS development of Russian enterprises shows that efficiency of registered QMS is low enough. The main reasons for ineffective implementation of the QMS are: the formal implementation of QMS, the lack of integration of quality management processes with the overall enterprise management processes, poor understanding of the essence of TQM principles and their non-systemic application. Without underestimating the value of all 8 principles of quality management (according to international standard ISO 9000-2015 there are 7 principles now) which are embodied in the ideology of the ISO standard , the underestimation of the importance of the main leader in the creation and operation of the QMS is a decisive factor in the low-efficiency of many systems. Solving the problem of ensuring and enhancing of management responsibility in accordance with the requirements of international standards ISO 9000 is one of the key issues in the development, implementation and improvement of QMS at Russian enterprises. This article has formed the theory of identification of administrative processes of the enterprise Quality Management System ("Management responsibility" QMS process group) as an object of evaluation and enhancing of the operating effectiveness of the QMS of an industrial enterprise. The author proposes the concept of evaluation and improvement of the operating efficiency of industrial enterprise quality management system. The general result of the study is the solution of scientific problem of theoretical apparatus developing to assess and manage the quality management system operating efficiency as a factor of sustainable development and improvement of Russian enterprise's competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the previous article we have covered the connection between quality of life and the environment. The quality of environmental and ecological niche has a big role in determining the national health, sickness and mortality rates. Therefore health-related quality of life indicators (HRQOL) must be considered in assessment of general quality of life in cause-and-effect relation. The common global aim of quality systems is the improvement of the national standard of living, the main indicator of which is life expectancy. In the Russian Federation, this indicator is currently 71 years which is 9 years lower than the OECD average (80 years). During the last decades, the breakdown of mortality rates in the country from the main causes remains the same. Health spending as a share of GDP for most European countries is at or exceeds 9-11% while as in Russia this indicator is three times lower. The situation got only worse with the optimization of the national healthcare system that began in 2014. As of 2015, only 39% of the citizens of large and medium-sized cities are entirely or largely satisfied with the healthcare system in their communities. The mortality rate in January - September 2015 rose by 0.9% in the country overall and by 3.9% in Moscow in comparison to the similar period in 2014. The above determined the necessity for the research dedicated to the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) indicators in the assessment models of the Russian standard of living. The following results have been achieved in this research: The analysis of issues with assessment of national standard of living in Russia from the perspective of health-related (HRQOL) indicators has been carried out; The analysis of assessment models of quality of living in Russia has been carried out and the necessity to increase importance of HRQOL in these models has been established; The analysis of foreign programs has been carried out; The directions of enhancement of HRQOL assessment methodology have been determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In April 2012, the "State policy in the field of the RF environmental development up to 2030" was approved in the Russian Federation. Its strategic goal is to maintain a favorable environment to meet the needs of present and future generations. Despite that, nowadays more than 54% of the population in 40 regions of the Russian Federation is under the influence of high and very high air pollution. The main consequences of such effects are the deterioration of health of the population, increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the problem of environmental quality is relevant for specific individuals and groups, as well as various levels of government. All of the above has identified the need for this study on improving environmental performance in models assessing the life quality of Russian population. The following tasks have been solved: analysis of the problem of Russian population life quality assessing from the standpoint of environmental indicators; analysis of the models for Russian population life quality assessment, identifying the need to improve their environmental performance ; analysis of the work of life quality assessment of the population in terms how they reflect the information on environmental performance; identifying the ways of improving the methodology for Russian population life quality assessing from the standpoint of environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization forecast by 2020 Russia can join the top ten countries whose tourist products will be the most demanded in the world market of tourist services. It will be possible only in case of the quality improvement of the tourist services provided by territorial subjects of the Russian Federation. The research gives the analysis of the regulatory framework in the field of tourism in Russia; it offers the comparative overview of the Russian dissertation researches on this subject for the period of 2010-2015 years; it provides the analysis of the quality index of the tourist services offered by the foreign tourism development programs and the Russian Federal Tourism Agency website; the model of system of tourist services quality assurance was also worked out. This research has confirmed the existence of a serious problem of the absence of standards and uncommonality in the field of quality evaluation of the tourists services as there are no clear conceptual or categorical frameworks, tourist services quality index or accurate methodology of an efficiency evaluation of the territorial subjects activity in the sphere of tourism in the Russian Federation. The results of the investigation will be useful to the regulatory authorities in case of the new regulatory framework development or amending the existing documents regulating tourist activities in the country; they can also help the tourism businesses to improve the quality of provided tourist services by means of implementation of complex quality management system of tourist activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]