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Copyright of Jahrbuch für Germanistische Sprachgeschicht is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Political attention for and research on nature-based solutions in coastal flood an erosion risk management has increased significantly in recent years. Literature suggests that there remains a historical inertia towards nature-based solutions due to the continued predominance of classical grey infrastructures like dikes and stone revetments. In this regard, Schleswig–Holstein can act as a living laboratory as it has a long tradition of applying grey and green infrastructures as well as nature-based measures like salt marsh enhancement techniques to protect against coastal flooding and erosion. Based on an assessment of structural and non-structural coastal flood and erosion risk management measures in Schleswig–Holstein, this paper elaborates on the prospects of grey and green infrastructures in the context of stronger sea level rise. This article concludes that nature-bases solutions for coastal flood and erosion risk management are not a recent development. Nature-based management of green infrastructures can significantly improve their functionality, also with regard to the expected stronger SLR, and includes non-structural measures like codes and prohibitions. Green infrastructures and their nature-based management successfully complement and support grey infrastructures i.e., as green as possible, as grey as necessary. However, with the exception of dunes as natural flood defenses, green infrastructures cannot render grey infrastructures superfluous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article investigates a number of territories in today’s Schleswig-Holstein, which had belonged to Denmark or the duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf until they were united under the Danish crown in 1773: Süderdithmarschen, Norderdithmarschen, Drei Lande (i.e. Eiderstedt, Everschop and Utholm.), Stapelholm, Heligoland, Pellworm, Nordstrand, Osterland Föhr, Sylt and Fehmarn. They deserve special attention because their rural population enjoyed the right of political representation during the early modern period. The village population of the Gottorf-Danish territories formed so called Landschaften i.e. organizations of self-government on the regional level. These Landschaften sent delegates to regional diets, where officials of the prince negotiated taxation and political questions with the representatives. However, administration was the main task of the diets. The political representation of the peasant population was extraordinary strong because in this area there were neither any privileged ecclesiastical institutions nor aristocratic dynasties nor cities with special rights. The spokespersons of the villages were the only partners the officials of the princely government negotiated with. After discussing the various communal and Landschaft offices, of which there were four types, it is suggested to see the office-holders as brokers who negotiated with both sides, the government and the rural population, but never totally identified with any of them. The officials of the communities and the Landschaften received their offices in a variety of ways, including co-option and elections. The election process was surprisingly sophisticated even though it was burdened with some practical difficulties. There was a complex system of written ballots. Some candidates ran election campaigns the leaders of the Landschaft frowned upon, because they suspected them – not without reason – to be actually attempts at bribery. Voting rights depended on property and standing in the community. In the long run, the office-holders of the rural population proved to be highly unreliable brokers. Corruption and simple incompetence began to damage the representative system as a whole. Village communities tried to out-manoeuvre their own office-holders by calling upon the authority of the prince. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Policy Analysis is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The northernmost German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein was selected as an example lowland area in central and western Europe with a high proportion of intensive agricultural use on peatlands that experience associated ecological and social functional problems. To get an overview of the current status of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the nature conservation value of the vegetation, a state-wide calculation of GHG emissions from peatlands was carried out. For that purpose, a method was developed linking different data sources such as biotope surveys, land use categories and geographical units to allow the estimation of GHG emissions at the landscape scale. Potential rewetting scenarios were then extrapolated to reach the national reduction goals for 2030. The annual GHG emissions from peatlands in Schleswig-Holstein amount to about 2.9 Mt (CO2-equivalent value). The highest emissions originate from intensively used agricultural areas. Abandoned and forested peatlands also have high GHG emissions, but their relative area is small. Vegetation types with conservation status (on fen peat) cover an area of only 650 ha, while bogs are present on 3,900 ha. To reach the reduction target, vast areas must be rewetted and agricultural use on peatlands has to be changed accordingly. We calculated that, in intensively used peatlands, such changes could lead to avoidance of GHG emissions (as CO2-equivalent) up to 1.8 Mt yr-1. This is more than twice the reduction target of the federal state.

As part of the module "Species Knowledge and Taxonomy" of the Master's program in Integrative Zoology at the University of Rostock, field work was conducted on the coast and its hinterland of the southern Lübeck Bay in northwestern Mecklenburg-West Pomerania and on the Priwall peninsula (Schleswig-Holstein), from July 10 to 14, 2023. Species from different arthropod groups were recorded in the field or caught using different collecting methods and then identified with the help of experts in the respective species groups. A total of 379 arthropod species were identified and listed in this report, and the locations examined are briefly presented using characteristic species. Occurrences of some faunistically particularly interesting and endangered species of insects have been encountered, especially of ground and rove beetles (Carabidae, Staphylinidae), aculeates (Aculeta) and nocturnal butterflies (Lepidoptera). The results show that a teaching excursion focusing on species knowledge and biodiversity recording can provide valuable contributions to an exploration of local fauna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, challenge-oriented innovation policy has become increasingly popular in political and scientific discussions. However, the extent to which such a challenge-based thinking has entered regional policy making is relatively unclear. This paper examines the scope of the regional level in promoting challenge-based innovation, focusing on the recent renewable energy innovation policy in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The results show that while regional innovation policy in Schleswig-Holstein aims to address several structural and transformational systemic failures, many other problems and challenges remain, as they are beyond the capacity of a single region to address. Based on this analysis, we draw four conclusions. First, similar to many other structurally weak regions, policymakers in Schleswig-Holstein are struggling with some of the same key challenges that the policy was originally designed to address. Second, multi-scalar governance and inter-scalar coordination are essential for managing regional sustainability transitions. Third, challenge-driven innovation policy is an extension of, rather than a replacement for, conventional regional innovation policy. Finally, environmental and economic goals should be well balanced in challenge-driven regional innovation policy design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The northernmost German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein was selected as an example lowland area in central and western Europe with a high proportion of intensive agricultural use on peatlands that experience associated ecological and social functional problems. To get an overview of the current status of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the nature conservation value of the vegetation, a state-wide calculation of GHG emissions from peatlands was carried out. For that purpose, a method was developed linking different data sources such as biotope surveys, land use categories and geographical units to allow the estimation of GHG emissions at the landscape scale. Potential rewetting scenarios were then extrapolated to reach the national reduction goals for 2030. The annual GHG emissions from peatlands in Schleswig-Holstein amount to about 2.9 Mt (CO2-equivalent value). The highest emissions originate from intensively used agricultural areas. Abandoned and forested peatlands also have high GHG emissions, but their relative area is small. Vegetation types with conservation status (on fen peat) cover an area of only 650 ha, while bogs are present on 3,900 ha. To reach the reduction target, vast areas must be rewetted and agricultural use on peatlands has to be changed accordingly. We calculated that, in intensively used peatlands, such changes could lead to avoidance of GHG emissions (as CO2-equivalent) up to 1.8 Mt yr-1. This is more than twice the reduction target of the federal state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents radon flux profiles from four regions in Schleswig–Holstein (Northern Germany). Three of these regions are located over deep-rooted tectonic faults or salt diapirs and one is in an area without any tectonic or halokinetic activity, but with steep topography. Contrary to recently published studies on spatial patterns of soil radon gas concentration we measured flux of radon from soil into the atmosphere. All radon devices of each profile were deployed simultaneously to avoid inconsistencies due to strong diurnal variations of radon exhalation. To compare data from different seasons, values had to be normalized. Observed radon flux patterns are apparently related to the mineralogical composition of the Quaternary strata (particularly to the abundance of reddish granite and porphyry), and its grain size (with a flux maximum in well-sorted sand/silt). Minimum radon flux occurs above non-permeable, clay-rich soil layers. Small amounts of water content in the pore space increase radon flux, whereas excessive water content lessens it. Peak flux values, however, are observed over a deep-rooted fault system on the eastern side of Lake Plön, i.e., at the boundary of the Eastholstein Platform and the Eastholstein Trough. Furthermore, high radon flux values are observed in two regions associated with salt diapirism and near-surface halokinetic faults. These regions show frequent local radon flux maxima, which indicate that the uppermost strata above salt diapirs are very inhomogeneous. Deep-rooted increased permeability (effective radon flux depth) or just the boundaries between permeable and impermeable strata appear to concentrate radon flux. In summary, our radon flux profiles are in accordance with the published evidence of low radon concentrations in the "normal" soils of Schleswig–Holstein. However, very high values of radon flux are likely to occur at distinct locations near salt diapirism at depth, boundaries between permeable and impermeable strata, and finally at the tectonically active flanks of the North German Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal and marine areas represent an increasingly important and relevant action space for spatial planning. However, to a large extent marine (or maritime) spatial planning has emerged separately from terrestrial spatial planning, constituting its own epistemic community. In particular, previous studies indicate that Marine Spatial Planning often follows an expert-driven resource management rationale focused on sea-use regulation. This paper examines practices of Marine Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management at the German North Sea coast. The paper focuses in particular on the engagement of spatial planners with these practices and their perception of their role therein. We seek to understand what form spatial planning at the coast and at sea currently takes and how this might develop in the future in response to current and anticipated policy developments. We argue for the necessity of a communicative, cross-sectoral approach to spatial planning at sea, providing a spatial vision for the future that extends from the Exclusive Economic Zone to encompass both the coastal waters of the federal states and the land-sea interface in a substantive manner.

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since 2003, the regional long-term soil monitoring network (SMN) Schleswig–Holstein (SH) includes an intensive monitoring program (I-BDF) with (sub-)annual measurements at four sites. This is the first study investigating the benefits of this SMN where study sites are no experiments but managed by independent farmers. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether, and under which circumstances, annual soil carbon and nutrient measurements are more beneficial within a soil monitoring network than common five- to ten-year measurements using modeling and nutrient balances. Soil measurements (stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC), Ntot, P and Mg), weekly leachate-NO3–N and management data were used for comparison. C and N changes were modeled with DNDC (DeNitrification–DeComposition); P and Mg were calculated as full nutrient balances and compared to the observations using performance metrics. The results show that DNDC could reproduce the long-term trend of SOC and Ntot well, but this could also be by coincidence as the type of trendline depended on the starting year. The model results could not depict measured short-term variations in soil which were due to field heterogeneities caused by farm management. NO3-N leaching was strongly overestimated when organic fertilization and stronger rainfall occurred. Comparing stock changes with nutrient balances revealed that, in several cases, long-term trends could be shown to a limited extent and reproduced only very few short-term changes and variations. The results suggest that only annual soil property measurements can depict the soil's variability and contribute to the identification of the true long-term trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sea embankments along the mainland coastline in the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea safeguard 130,000 people and 19 billion € of capital assets from flooding during storm surges. Due to climate change induced sea-level rise, these defences will become exposed to higher storm surges and adaptation becomes inevitable. As an alternative to strengthening, managed retreat is discussed in literature as a coastal risk management option for climate change adaptation. Based on an evaluation of examples from the Wadden Sea, this paper elaborates managed retreat as alternative climate change adaptation from a coastal risk management perspective. This paper concludes that, conform the principles of integrated coastal zone management, one precondition for successful implementation of managed retreat is local acceptance. With respect to natural resilience to sea-level rise, managed retreat may counteract the loss of Wadden Sea structures and habitats due to coastal squeeze. However, the effectiveness depends on the surface elevation in the opened polder. If large volumes of sediment are needed to restore a natural elevation, regional resilience against SLR-induced drowning may deteriorate. With respect to coastal flood risk management in Schleswig-Holstein, opened polders have no significance as flood retention rooms and managed retreat does not reduce the hazard of flooding in surrounding polders. Further, removal of primary embankments requires large efforts to secure flood safety in adjacent polders. Under certain conditions, removal or opening of embankments may constitute sustainable coastal risk management, e.g., if retreat leads to a shorter line of defence or if other win-win-situations like securing of NATURA 2000 coherence arise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Der Beitrag skizziert anhand des voraussichtlich 2019 erscheinenden Klosterbuchs für Schles- wig-Holstein und Hamburg Möglichkeiten und Probleme einer Heranziehung von Repertorium Germanicum und Repertorium Poenitentiariae Germanicum als Hilfsmittel. Mit der Eigenart des im Repertorium Germanicum präsentierten Materials, mit diversen Schwierigkeiten im Gebrauch des Repertorium Germanicum online – an deren Behebung gearbeitet wird – und durch den verbesserungswürdigen allgemeinen Forschungsstand zu den Verbindungen der Kirche im hohen Norden zur Kurie ergibt sich der Befund eines nur dürftigen Gebrauchs des Repertorium Germanicum im regionalhistorischen Bereich. Allerdings legen diverse Stichpro- ben nahe, dass im Repertorium Germanicum für den Bereich Schleswig-Holsteins noch man- ches verborgene Potential liegt.

Coastal and marine areas represent an increasingly important and relevant action space for spatial planning. However, to a large extent marine (or maritime) spatial planning has emerged separately from terrestrial spatial planning, constituting its own epistemic community. In particular, previous studies indicate that Marine Spatial Planning often follows an expert-driven resource management rationale focused on sea-use regulation. This paper examines practices of Marine Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Zone Management at the German North Sea coast. The paper focuses in particular on the engagement of spatial planners with these practices and their perception of their role therein. We seek to understand what form spatial planning at the coast and at sea currently takes and how this might develop in the future in response to current and anticipated policy developments. We argue for the necessity of a communicative, cross-sectoral approach to spatial planning at sea, providing a spatial vision for the future that extends from the Exclusive Economic Zone to encompass both the coastal waters of the federal states and the land-sea interface in a substantive manner.

Copyright of Standort: Zeitschrift für Angewandte Geographie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

First records are given for Schleswig-Holstein (Agyneta mollis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871), Carorita limnaea (Crosby & Bishop, 1927), Ceraticelus bulbosus Emerton, 1882 and Erigonoplus foveatus (Dahl, 1912)), as well as for Hamburg (A. mollis). New records of lost species for Hamburg (Calositticus inexpectus (Logunov & Kronestedt, 1997)), Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Ero cambridgei Kulczyński, 1911) and Schleswig-Holstein (Clubiona juvenis Simon, 1878) are added. Further evidence for the occurrence of C. juvenis in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mit Beginn des DFG-Sonderforschungsbereiches 1266 „TransformationsDimensionen" stand im Rahmen des Teilprojektes „Spätmesolithische und Neolithische Transformationen in der nordmitteleuropäischen Tiefebene" auch die Frage des Überganges von mittelneolithischen Trichterbecher- zu jungneolithischen Einzelgrabgesellschaften im Vordergrund des Interesses. Aufgrund fehlender Siedlungsbefunde wurden 2016 erste siedlungsarchäologische Untersuchungen durchgeführt, dazu zählte eine geophysikalische und archäologische Prospektion im Bereich der Fundstelle Oldenburg LA 232 in Ostholstein. Dieser neolithische Siedlungsplatz befindet sich auf einer Geländeerhöhung im Feuchtgebiet des westlichen Oldenburger Grabens, einer ehemaligen Förde- und Lagunenlandschaft, und schließt eine ehemalige Uferzone mit ein. Die Untersuchungen ermöglichten es, eine trichterbecherzeitliche Besiedlung (ca. 3340–3020 cal BC) auf der Geländeerhöhung in Form von Gebäudestrukturen, Vorratsgruben und einem Werkplatz zur Produktion von Flintgeräten nachzuweisen. Eine zweite Besiedlungsphase (ca. 2930–2630 cal BC) ist durch eine Fundschicht mit Pfeilschäften, Konstruktionshölzern, Vorarbeiten und Pfählen im Bereich der neolithischen Uferzone belegt und gehört der Übergangsphase Mittelneolithikum V/Jungneolithikum 1 (Store-Valby/frühe Einzelgrabkultur) an. In dieser Transformationsphase lassen sich, ausgehend vom neu gegrabenen Fundplatz, auf regionaler Ebene sowohl Kontinuitäten als auch Diskontinuitäten nachweisen. Insbesondere die Platzkontinuität ist für das Verständnis des Transformationsprozesses vom Mittel- zum Jungneolithikum in der Norddeutschen Tiefebene von entscheidender Bedeutung. With the beginning of the DFG Collaborative Research Centre 1266 "Scales of Transformation - Human-Environmental Interaction in Prehistoric and Archaic Societies", the subproject "Late Mesolithic and Neolithic Transformations on the Northern and Central European Plain" also focused on the question of the transition from Middle Neolithic Funnel Beaker to Young Neolithic Single Grave societies. Due to the lack of settlement findings, first archaeological investigations were realised in 2016, including a geophysical and archaeological prospection in the area of the site Oldenburg LA 232 in East Holstein. This Neolithic settlement site is located on an elevation in the wetland of the western Oldenburger Graben, a former fjord and lagoon landscape, that includes the former shore zone. The investigations made it possible to detect a Funnel Beaker settlement (approx. 3340–3020 cal BC) on the elevation in the form of building structures, storage pits and a work site for flint tool production. The second settlement phase (approx. 2930–2630 cal BC) is recognized as a cultural layer with arrow shafts, construction timber, wooden pre-forms and piles in the area of the Neolithic riparian zone and belongs to the transitional phase Middle Neolithic V/Late Neolithic 1 (Store-Valby/Early Single Grave societies). In this phase of transformation, and using the newly excavated site as a starting point, continuity and discontinuity is shown at the regional level. In particular, the continuity of domestic locations is of decisive importance for the understanding of the transformation process from the Middle to the Young Neolithic in the North German Plain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Reti Medievali is the property of Firenze University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Deficit analysis—which principally deals with the question “how big are the gaps between current water status and good ecological status?”—has become an essential element of the river basin management plans prescribed by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). In a research project on behalf of the Ministry of Energy, Agriculture, the Environment, Nature and Digitalization Schleswig-Holstein (MELUND), a deficit analysis based on distributed results from the water balance and phosphorus emission model system GROWA-MEPhos at high spatial resolution was performed. The aim was, inter alia, to identify absolute and relative required reduction in total phosphorus at any river segment or lake within the state territory as well as to highlight significant emission sources. The results of the deficit analysis were successfully validated and show an exceedance of the phosphorus target concentrations in 60% of the analyzed subcatchments. Statewide, 269 tons of phosphorus needs to be reduced yearly, which corresponds to approximately 31% of the total emission. Detailed data as well as maps generated by the deficit analysis benefit the planning and implementation of regionally efficient measures, which are indispensable with regard to meeting the environmental quality objectives set by the WFD.

Purpose: Maternal obesity is one of the most commonly occurring risk factors in obstetrics. Complications, such as gestational diabetes, venous thromboembolism, preeclampsia and many more, exist far more often in obese women than in pregnant women of normal weight.Methods: Changes in maternal weight gain during pregnancy were analysed in Schleswig-Holstein between 1995 and 1997 and between 2004 and 2009. Between 1995 and 1997 data were drawn from 74,000 singleton pregnancies and between 2004 and 2009 from 118,000 pregnancies. The data centre of the University of Rostock performed the statistical analysis.Results: Maternal weight at the time of first consultation with proof of pregnancy was 67.6 kg in 1995 and increased to 70.7 kg in 2009. This means an absolute difference of 3.1 kg. Maternal weight at the time of delivery changed from 80.8 to 84.9 kg in the same period. This is an absolute difference of 4.1 kg. Body weight is higher in 2009 than in 1995 across nearly all age groups. Even in younger women (aged 17 years and over) differences in weight can be registered. The obesity rate (BMI ≥ 30) in relation to maternal age was also analysed. In general, the rate of obesity is higher in 2009 than in 1995 across all age groups.Conclusions: These results show an increase in maternal weight gain during pregnancy over the last decades. However, the change in maternal weight is not dependent upon maternal age. The weight differences are consistent across nearly all age groups. Thus, age is not a risk factor for overweight and obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)