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1. A vision for FAIR ocean data products

Author

Tanhua, T. [0000-0002-0313-2557], Álvarez, Marta [0000-0002-5075-9344], Bittig, Henry C. [0000-0002-8621-3095], Brown, P. [0000-0002-1152-1114], Cotrim da Cunha, Leticia [0000-0001-8035-1430], Hoppema, M. [0000-0002-2326-619X], Ishii, Masao [0000-0002-7328-4599], Jeansson, Emil [0000-0002-2501-3479], Pérez, Fiz F. [0000-0003-4836-8974], Schirnick, C. [0000-0003-4111-9174], Steinfeldt, R. [0000-0002-3704-3990], Tilbrook, Bronte [0000-0001-9385-3827], Velo, A. [0000-0002-7598-5700], Tanhua, Toste, Lauvset, Siv K., Lange, Nico, Olsen, Are, Álvarez-Rodríguez, Marta, Diggs, Stephen, Bittig, Henry C., Brown, Peter J., Carter, Brendan R., Cotrim da Cunha, Leticia, Feely, Richard A., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, Masao, Jeansson, Emil, Kozyr, Alex, Murata, Akihiko, Pérez, Fiz F., Pfeil, Benjamin, Schirnick, Carsten, Steinfeldt, Reiner, Telszewski, Maciej, Tilbrook, Bronte, Velo, A., Wanninkhof, Rik, Burger, Eugene, O'Brien, Kevin, Key, Robert M., Tanhua, T. [0000-0002-0313-2557], Álvarez, Marta [0000-0002-5075-9344], Bittig, Henry C. [0000-0002-8621-3095], Brown, P. [0000-0002-1152-1114], Cotrim da Cunha, Leticia [0000-0001-8035-1430], Hoppema, M. [0000-0002-2326-619X], Ishii, Masao [0000-0002-7328-4599], Jeansson, Emil [0000-0002-2501-3479], Pérez, Fiz F. [0000-0003-4836-8974], Schirnick, C. [0000-0003-4111-9174], Steinfeldt, R. [0000-0002-3704-3990], Tilbrook, Bronte [0000-0001-9385-3827], Velo, A. [0000-0002-7598-5700], Tanhua, Toste, Lauvset, Siv K., Lange, Nico, Olsen, Are, Álvarez-Rodríguez, Marta, Diggs, Stephen, Bittig, Henry C., Brown, Peter J., Carter, Brendan R., Cotrim da Cunha, Leticia, Feely, Richard A., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, Masao, Jeansson, Emil, Kozyr, Alex, Murata, Akihiko, Pérez, Fiz F., Pfeil, Benjamin, Schirnick, Carsten, Steinfeldt, Reiner, Telszewski, Maciej, Tilbrook, Bronte, Velo, A., Wanninkhof, Rik, Burger, Eugene, O'Brien, Kevin, and Key, Robert M.

Abstract

The ocean is mitigating global warming by absorbing large amounts of excess carbon dioxide from human activities. To quantify and monitor the ocean carbon sink, we need a state-of-the-art data resource that makes data submission and retrieval machine-compatible and efficient

Published
2021

2. GLODAPv2.2020 – the second update of GLODAPv2

Author

Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R.M., Tanhua, T., Bittig, H.C., Kozyr, A., Álvarez, M., Azetsu-Scott, K., Becker, S., Brown, P.J., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jutterström, S., Landa, C. S., Lauvset, S.K., Michaelis, P., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., Wanninkhof, R., Woosley, R. J., Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R.M., Tanhua, T., Bittig, H.C., Kozyr, A., Álvarez, M., Azetsu-Scott, K., Becker, S., Brown, P.J., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R. A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jutterström, S., Landa, C. S., Lauvset, S.K., Michaelis, P., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., Wanninkhof, R., and Woosley, R. J.

Abstract

The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) is a synthesis effort providing regular compilations of surface to bottom ocean biogeochemical data, with an emphasis on seawater inorganic carbon chemistry and related variables determined through chemical analysis of water samples. GLODAPv2.2020 is an update of the previous version, GLODAPv2.2019. The major changes are: data from 106 more cruises added, extension of time coverage until 2019, and the inclusion of available discrete fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) values in the merged product files. GLODAPv2.2020 includes measurements from more than 1.2 million water samples from the global oceans collected on 946 cruises. The data for the 12 GLODAP core variables (salinity, oxygen, nitrate, silicate, phosphate, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, and CCl4) have undergone extensive quality control, especially systematic evaluation of bias. The data are available in two formats: (i) as submitted by the data originator but updated to WOCE exchange format and (ii) as a merged data product with adjustments applied to minimize bias. These adjustments were derived by comparing the data from the 106 new cruises with the data from the 840 quality-controlled cruises of the GLODAPv2.2019 data product. They correct for errors related to measurement, calibration, and data handling practices, while taking into account any known or likely time trends or variations in the variables evaluated. The compiled and adjusted data product is believed to be consistent to better than 0.005 in salinity, 1 % in oxygen, 2 % in nitrate, 2 % in silicate, 2 % in phosphate, 4 μmol kg−1 in dissolved inorganic carbon, 4 μmol kg−1 in total alkalinity, 0.01–0.02, depending on region, in pH, and 5 % in the halogenated transient tracers. The other variables included in the compilation, such as isotopic tracers and discrete fCO2 were not subjected to bias comparison or adjustments. The original data, their documentation and doi

Published
2020

3. An update of GLODAPv2 – GLODAPv2.2019

Author

Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R.M., Tanhua, T. (Toste), Álvarez, M. (Marta), Bakker, D.C.E., Becker, S., Carter, B., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R.A., Vanheuven, S., Hoppema, M. (Mario), Jeansson, E., Jutterström, S., Karlsen, M.K., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S.K., Ishii, M., Lomonaco, C., Murata, A., Pérez, F.F. (Fiz F.), Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T. (Toshiyuki), Telsewski, M., Tilbrook, B, Velo, A. (Antón), and Wanninkhof, Rik

Abstract

The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project (GLODAP) is a synthesis effort providing regular compilations of surface to bottom ocean biogeochemical data, with an emphasis on seawater inorganic carbon chemistry and related variables determined through chemical analysis of water samples. This update of GLODAPv2, v2.2019, adds data from 116 cruises to the previous version, extending its coverage in time from 2013 to 2017, while also adding some data from prior years. GLODAPv2.2019 includes measurements from more than 1.1 million water samples from the global oceans collected on 840 cruises. The data for the 12 GLODAP core variables (salinity, oxygen, nitrate, silicate, phosphate, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, pH, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113, and CCl4) have undergone extensive quality control, especially systematic evaluation of bias. The data are available in two formats: (i) as submitted by the data originator but updated to WOCE exchange format and (ii) as a merged data product with adjustments applied to minimize bias. These adjustments were derived by comparing the data from the 116 new cruises with the data from the 724 quality-controlled cruises of the GLODAPv2 data product. They correct for errors related to measurement, calibration, and data handling practices, taking into account any known or likely time trends or variations. The compiled and adjusted data product is believed to be consistent to better than 0.005 in salinity, 1 % in oxygen, 2 % in nitrate, 2 % in silicate, 2 % in phosphate, 4 µmol kg−1 in dissolved inorganic carbon, 4 µmol kg−1 in total alkalinity, 0.01–0.02 in pH, and 5 % in the halogenated transient tracers. The compilation also includes data for several other variables, such as isotopic tracers. These were not subjected to bias comparison or adjustments.

Published
2019

4. GLODAPv2.2019 – an update of GLODAPv2

Author

Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Álvarez, M., Becker, S., Bittig, H.C., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Karlsen, M.K., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., Wanninkhof, R., Olsen, A., Lange, N., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Álvarez, M., Becker, S., Bittig, H.C., Carter, B.R., Cotrim da Cunha, L., Feely, R.A., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Ishii, M., Jeansson, E., Jones, S. D., Jutterström, S., Karlsen, M.K., Kozyr, A., Lauvset, S. K., Lo Monaco, C., Murata, A., Pérez, F. F., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Suzuki, T., Telszewski, M., Tilbrook, B., Velo, A., and Wanninkhof, R.

Published
2019

6. Annual and monthly climatologies of seawater CO2 chemistry variables: A neural network approach

Author

Broullón Durán, D., Fernández Pérez, F., Velo Lanchas, A., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Broullón Durán, D., Fernández Pérez, F., Velo Lanchas, A., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2017

7. Global trends in ocean Dissolved Inorganic Carbon

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S.K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2017

8. The Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 (GLODAPv2) — an internally consistent data product for the world ocean

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2016

9. A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1° × 1° GLODAP version 2

Author

Lauvset, S.K., Key, R.M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F.F., Suzuki, T., Watelet, S., Lauvset, S.K., Key, R.M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F.F., Suzuki, T., and Watelet, S.

Abstract

We present a mapped climatology (GLODAPv2.2016b) of ocean biogeochemical variables based on the new GLODAP version 2 data product (Olsen et al., 2016; Key et al., 2015), which covers all ocean basins over the years 1972 to 2013. The quality-controlled and internally consistent GLODAPv2 was used to create global 1° × 1° mapped climatologies of salinity, temperature, oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2), total alkalinity (TAlk), pH, and CaCO3 saturation states using the Data-Interpolating Variational Analysis (DIVA) mapping method. Improving on maps based on an earlier but similar dataset, GLODAPv1.1, this climatology also covers the Arctic Ocean. Climatologies were created for 33 standard depth surfaces. The conceivably confounding temporal trends in TCO2 and pH due to anthropogenic influence were removed prior to mapping by normalizing these data to the year 2002 using first-order calculations of anthropogenic carbon accumulation rates. We additionally provide maps of accumulated anthropogenic carbon in the year 2002 and of preindustrial TCO2. For all parameters, all data from the full 1972–2013 period were used, including data that did not receive full secondary quality control. The GLODAPv2.2016b global 1° × 1° mapped climatologies, including error fields and ancillary information, are available at the GLODAPv2 web page at the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC;doi:10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.NDP093_GLODAPv2).

Published
2016

10. A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1° x 1° GLODAP version 2

Author

Lauvset, S. K., Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Watelet, S., Lauvset, S. K., Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Pérez, F. F., Suzuki, T., and Watelet, S.

Published
2016

11. Global Ocean Data Analysis version 2 (GLODAPv2)

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Abstract

The major synthesis effort Global Ocean Data Analysis Product version 2 will be presented. GLODAPv2 assembles data from some 800 cruises mostly from WOCE, CLIVAR and GO-SHIP, where measurements of inorganic carbon and/or other carbon relevant parameters have been made. It has been constructed by merging the three exisiting carbon data synthesis products GLODAP, CARINA, PACIFICA, and adding data from around 200 new cruises from all major ocean areas. The data included in GLODAPv2 has been subjected to primary QC and been bias corrected following comparison of all the deep ocean data collected at the various cruises using a crossover and inversion routine. GLODAPv2 includes the original datafiles, the integrated bias-corrected data product, and also mapped climatologies of the parameters total dissolved inorganic carbon and total alkalinity. GLODAPv2 to will form the basis for a reassessment of the global inventory of anthropogenic carbon, its increase with time and several other analyses which will be outlined at this presentation.

Published
2016

12. An internally consistent data product for the world ocean: the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, version 2 (GLODAPv2)

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Published
2016

13. A new global interior ocean mapped climatology: the 1ºx1º GLODAP version 2

Author

Lauvset, S. K., Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Watelet, S., Lauvset, S. K., Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., Suzuki, T., and Watelet, S.

Published
2016

14. Supplementary material to "An internally consistent data product for the world ocean: the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, version 2 (GLODAPv2)"

Author

Olsen, A., primary, Key, R. M., additional, van Heuven, S., additional, Lauvset, S. K., additional, Velo, A., additional, Lin, X., additional, Schirnick, C., additional, Kozyr, A., additional, Tanhua, T., additional, Hoppema, M., additional, Jutterström, S., additional, Steinfeldt, R., additional, Jeansson, E., additional, Ishii, M., additional, Pérez, F. F., additional, and Suzuki, T., additional

Published
2016
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15. An internally consistent data product for the world ocean: the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, version 2 (GLODAPv2)

Author

Olsen, A., primary, Key, R. M., additional, van Heuven, S., additional, Lauvset, S. K., additional, Velo, A., additional, Lin, X., additional, Schirnick, C., additional, Kozyr, A., additional, Tanhua, T., additional, Hoppema, M., additional, Jutterström, S., additional, Steinfeldt, R., additional, Jeansson, E., additional, Ishii, M., additional, Pérez, F. F., additional, and Suzuki, T., additional

Published
2016
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16. Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, Version 2 (GLODAPv2)

Author

Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., Suzuki, T., Key, R. M., Olsen, A., van Heuven, S., Lauvset, S. K., Velo, A., Lin, X., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Perez, F. F., and Suzuki, T.

Abstract

Here we report the completion of a uniformly calibrated open ocean data product on inorganic carbon and carbon-relevant variables that we call Global Ocean Data Analysis Project version 2 or simply GLODAPv2. The product includes data from approximately one million individual seawater samples collected from over 700 cruises during the years 1972-2013. Extensive quality control and subsequent calibration were carried out for salinity, oxygen, nutrient, carbon dioxide, total alkalinity, pH and chlorofluorocarbon data. Following calibration, the data were used to produce global climatology maps for many of the parameters. In addition to the data products and the mapped distributions, all of the original data files without alteration other than formatting and unification of units are made freely available along with whatever metadata was collected. An on-line cruise summary table provides data access and additional information including references to publications that have used data from specific cruises. The GLODAPv2 database is available free of charge as a numeric data package (NDP-93) from the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) at http://cdiac.ornl.gov/oceans/GLODAPv2/. The NDP-93 consists of the original cruise data files, adjusted data products, mapped data product and this documentation, which describes the GLODAPv2 project.

Published
2015

17. Nutrient consistency in GLODAPv2

Author

van Heuven, Steven, Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lin, X., Lauvset, S., Tanhua, T., Velo, A., Hoppema, Mario, Kozyr, A., Jutterström, S., Schirnick, C., van Heuven, Steven, Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lin, X., Lauvset, S., Tanhua, T., Velo, A., Hoppema, Mario, Kozyr, A., Jutterström, S., and Schirnick, C.

Published
2015

18. GLODAPv2 science

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lauvset, S. K., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., van Heuven, Steven, Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lauvset, S. K., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., van Heuven, Steven, Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., and Schirnick, C.

Published
2015

19. GLODAPv2 – A new and updated global ocean carbon data product

Author

Lauvset, S. K., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., van Heuven, Steven, Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., Lauvset, S. K., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., van Heuven, Steven, Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Schirnick, C., Kozyr, A., and Pfeil, B.

Published
2014

20. Presenting GLODAPv2, ocean biogeochemical time trends and future plans

Author

Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lauvset, S. K., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lauvset, S. K., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., van Heuven, S., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., and Schirnick, C.

Published
2014

21. Evaluation of changes in global pH and CaCO3 from WOCE to CLIVAR

Author

Lauvset, S. K., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., van Heuven, S., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., Schirnick, C., Lauvset, S. K., Olsen, A., Key, R.M., Lin, X., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., van Heuven, S., Ishii, M., Suzuki, T., Velo, A., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., and Schirnick, C.

Published
2014

22. A leap forwards in carbon data : GLODAPv2

Author

Hoppema, Mario, Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lauvset, S. K., van Heuven, S., Tanhua, T., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Lin, X., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., Suzuki, T., Ishii, M., Velo, A., Schirnick, C., Hoppema, Mario, Olsen, A., Key, R. M., Lauvset, S. K., van Heuven, S., Tanhua, T., Jutterström, S., Steinfeldt, R., Jeansson, E., Lin, X., Kozyr, A., Pfeil, B., Suzuki, T., Ishii, M., Velo, A., and Schirnick, C.

Published
2014

23. The CARINA data synthesis project: introduction and overview

Author

Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Olsen, A., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Schirnick, C., Van Heuven, S., Kozyr, A., Lin, X., Velo, A., Wallace, D. W. R., Mintrop, L., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Olsen, A., Hoppema, M., Jutterström, S., Schirnick, C., Van Heuven, S., Kozyr, A., Lin, X., Velo, A., Wallace, D. W. R., and Mintrop, L.

Abstract

The original goal of the CARINA (Carbon in Atlantic Ocean) data synthesis project was to create a merged calibrated data set from open ocean subsurface measurements by European scientists that would be generally useful for biogeochemical investigations in the North Atlantic and in particular, studies involving the carbon system. Over time the geographic extent expanded to include the entire Atlantic, the Arctic and the Southern Ocean and the international collaboration broadened significantly. In this paper we give a brief history of the project, a general overview of data included and an outline of the procedures used during the synthesis. The end result of this project was a set of 3 data products, one for each of the listed ocean regions. It is critical that anyone who uses any of the CARINA data products recognize that the data products are not simply concatenations of the originally measured values. Rather, the data have been through an extensive calibration procedure designed to remove measurement bias and bad data. Also a significant fraction of the individual values in the data products were derived either by direct calculation or some means of approximation. These data products were constructed for basin scale biogeochemical investigations and may be inappropriate for investigations involving small areal extent or similar detailed analyses. More information on specific parts of this project can be found in companion articles in this issue. In particular, Tanhua et al. (2010) and Tanhua (2009) describe the procedures and software used to remove measurement bias from the original data. The three data products and a significant volume of supporting information are available from the CARINA web site hosted by the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC: http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/oceans/CARINA/Carina_inv.html). Anyone wanting to use the data is advised to get the highest version number of each data product. Incremental versions represent either correct

Published
2010
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24. Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments

Author

Tanhua, T., Steinfeldt, R., Key, R. M., Brown, P., Gruber, N., Wanninkhof, R., Perez, F., Körtzinger, A., Velo, A., Schuster, U., Van Heuven, S., Bullister, J. L., Stendardo, I., Hoppema, Mario, Olsen, A., Kozyr, A., Pierrot, D., Schirnick, C., Wallace, D. W. R., Tanhua, T., Steinfeldt, R., Key, R. M., Brown, P., Gruber, N., Wanninkhof, R., Perez, F., Körtzinger, A., Velo, A., Schuster, U., Van Heuven, S., Bullister, J. L., Stendardo, I., Hoppema, Mario, Olsen, A., Kozyr, A., Pierrot, D., Schirnick, C., and Wallace, D. W. R.

Abstract

Water column data of carbon and carbon-relevant hydrographic and hydrochemical parameters from 188 previously non-publicly available cruise data sets in the Arctic Mediterranean Seas, Atlantic and Southern Ocean have been retrieved and merged into a new database: CARINA (CARbon dioxide IN the Atlantic Ocean). The data have gone through rigorous quality control procedures to assure the highest possible quality and consistency. The data for the pertinent parameters in the CARINA database were objectively examined in order to quantify systematic differences in the reported values, i.e. secondary quality control. Systematic biases found in the data have been corrected in the three data products: merged data files with measured, calculated and interpolated data for each of the three CARINA regions, i.e. the Arctic Mediterranean Seas, the Atlantic and the Southern Ocean. These products have been corrected to be internally consistent. Ninety-eight of the cruises in the CARINA database were conducted in the Atlantic Ocean, defined here as the region south of the Greenland-Iceland-Scotland Ridge and north of about 30° S. Here we present an overview of the Atlantic Ocean synthesis of the CARINA data and the adjustments that were applied to the data product. We also report the details of the secondary QC (Quality Control) for salinity for this data set. Procedures of quality control – including crossover analysis between stations and inversion analysis of all crossover data – are briefly described. Adjustments to salinity measurements were applied to the data from 10 cruises in the Atlantic Ocean region. Based on our analysis we estimate the internal consistency of the CARINA-ATL salinity data to be 4.1 ppm. With these adjustments the CARINA data products are consistent both internally as well as with GLODAP data, an oceanographic data set based on the World Hydrographic Program in the 1990s, and is now suitable for accurate assessments of, for example, oceanic carbon inventor

Published
2010

25. Nutrients in CARINA

Author

Key, B., Olsen, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Schirnick, C., Van Heuven, S., Key, B., Olsen, A., Tanhua, T., Hoppema, Mario, Schirnick, C., and Van Heuven, S.

Published
2009

26. CARINA DATA SYNTHESIS PROJECT

Author

Tanhua, T., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Schirnick, C., Van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Kozyr, A., Alvarez, M., Bakker, D. C. E., Brown, P., Falck, E., Jeansson, E., Lo Monaco, C., Olafsson, J., Perez, F. F., Pierrot, D., Rios, A. F., Sabine, C. L., Schuster, U., Steinfeldt, R., Stendardo, I., Anderson, L. G., Bates, N. R., Bellerby, R. G. J., Blindheim, J., Bullister, J. L., Gruber, N., Ishii, M., Johannessen, T., Jones, E. P., Köhler, Jens, Körtzinger, A., Metzl, N., Murata, A., Musielewicz, S., Omar, A. M., Olsson, K. A., de la Paz, M., Pfeil, B., Rey, F., Rhein, M., Skjelvan, I., Tilbrook, B., Wanninkhof, R., Mintrop, L., Wallace, D. W. R., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Schirnick, C., Van Heuven, S., Velo, A., Lin, X., Kozyr, A., Alvarez, M., Bakker, D. C. E., Brown, P., Falck, E., Jeansson, E., Lo Monaco, C., Olafsson, J., Perez, F. F., Pierrot, D., Rios, A. F., Sabine, C. L., Schuster, U., Steinfeldt, R., Stendardo, I., Anderson, L. G., Bates, N. R., Bellerby, R. G. J., Blindheim, J., Bullister, J. L., Gruber, N., Ishii, M., Johannessen, T., Jones, E. P., Köhler, Jens, Körtzinger, A., Metzl, N., Murata, A., Musielewicz, S., Omar, A. M., Olsson, K. A., de la Paz, M., Pfeil, B., Rey, F., Rhein, M., Skjelvan, I., Tilbrook, B., Wanninkhof, R., Mintrop, L., Wallace, D. W. R., and Key, R. M.

Published
2009

27. The CARINA data synthesis project: Introduction and overview

Author

Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Schirnick, C., Van Heuven, S., Kozyr, A., Lin, X., Velo, A., Wallace, D. W. R., Mintrop, L., Key, R. M., Tanhua, T., Olsen, A., Hoppema, Mario, Jutterström, S., Schirnick, C., Van Heuven, S., Kozyr, A., Lin, X., Velo, A., Wallace, D. W. R., and Mintrop, L.

Published
2009

28. Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments

Author

Tanhua, T., Steinfeldt, R., Key, R. M., Brown, P., Gruber, N., Wanninkhof, R., Perez, F., Körtzinger, A., Velo, A., Schuster, U., van Heuven, S., Bullister, J. L., Stendardo, I., Hoppema, Mario, Olsen, A., Kozyr, A., Pierrot, D., Schirnick, C., Wallace, D. W. R., Tanhua, T., Steinfeldt, R., Key, R. M., Brown, P., Gruber, N., Wanninkhof, R., Perez, F., Körtzinger, A., Velo, A., Schuster, U., van Heuven, S., Bullister, J. L., Stendardo, I., Hoppema, Mario, Olsen, A., Kozyr, A., Pierrot, D., Schirnick, C., and Wallace, D. W. R.

Published
2009

29. The CARINA data synthesis project: introduction and overview

Author

Key, R. M., primary, Tanhua, T., additional, Olsen, A., additional, Hoppema, M., additional, Jutterström, S., additional, Schirnick, C., additional, van Heuven, S., additional, Kozyr, A., additional, Lin, X., additional, Velo, A., additional, Wallace, D. W. R., additional, and Mintrop, L., additional

Published
2010
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31. Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments

Author

Tanhua, T., primary, Steinfeldt, R., additional, Key, R. M., additional, Brown, P., additional, Gruber, N., additional, Wanninkhof, R., additional, Perez, F., additional, Körtzinger, A., additional, Velo, A., additional, Schuster, U., additional, van Heuven, S., additional, Bullister, J. L., additional, Stendardo, I., additional, Hoppema, M., additional, Olsen, A., additional, Kozyr, A., additional, Pierrot, D., additional, Schirnick, C., additional, and Wallace, D. W. R., additional

Published
2010
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32. Overview of the Nordic Seas CARINA data and salinity measurements

Author

Olsen, A., primary, Key, R. M., additional, Jeansson, E., additional, Falck, E., additional, Olafsson, J., additional, van Heuven, S., additional, Skjelvan, I., additional, Omar, A. M., additional, Olsson, K. A., additional, Anderson, L. G., additional, Jutterström, S., additional, Rey, F., additional, Johannessen, T., additional, Bellerby, R. G. J., additional, Blindheim, J., additional, Bullister, J. L., additional, Pfeil, B., additional, Lin, X., additional, Kozyr, A., additional, Schirnick, C., additional, Tanhua, T., additional, and Wallace, D. W. R., additional

Published
2009
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33. Carina Data Synthesis Project

Author

Tanhua,, T., primary, Olsen,, A., primary, Hoppema,, M., primary, Jutterstrom,, S., primary, Schirnick,, C., primary, van Heuven,, S., primary, Velo,, A., primary, Lin,, X., primary, Kozyr,, A., primary, Alvarez,, M., primary, Bakker,, D.C.E., primary, Brown,, P., primary, Falck,, E., primary, Jeansson,, E., primary, Lo Monaco,, C., primary, Olafsson,, J., primary, Perez,, F.F., primary, Pierrot,, D., primary, Rios,, A.F., primary, Sabine,, C.L., primary, Schuster,, U., primary, Steinfeldt,, R., primary, Stendardo,, I., primary, Anderson,, L.G., primary, Bates,, N.R., primary, Bellerby,, R.G.J., primary, Blindheim,, J., primary, Bullister,, J.L., primary, Gruber,, N., primary, Ishii,, M., primary, Johannessen,, T., primary, Jones,, E.P., primary, Kohler,, J., primary, Kortzinger,, A., primary, Metzl,, N., primary, Murata,, A., primary, Musielewics,, S., primary, Omar,, A.M., primary, Olsson,, K.A., primary, Pfeil,, B., primary, Rey,, F., primary, Rhein,, M., primary, Skjelvan,, I., primary, Tilbrook,, B., primary, Wanninkhof,, R., primary, Mintrop,, L., primary, Wallace,, D.W.R., primary, and Key,, R.M, primary

Published
2009
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35. Atlantic Ocean CARINA data: overview and salinity adjustments

Author

Tanhua, T., primary, Steinfeldt, R., additional, Key, R. M., additional, Brown, P., additional, Gruber, N., additional, Wanninkhof, R., additional, Perez, F., additional, Körtzinger, A., additional, Velo, A., additional, Schuster, U., additional, van Heuven, S., additional, Bullister, J. L., additional, Stendardo, I., additional, Hoppema, M., additional, Olsen, A., additional, Kozyr, A., additional, Pierrot, D., additional, Schirnick, C., additional, and Wallace, D. W. R., additional

Published
2009
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36. Carbon in the Atlantic Ocean Region - the CARINA project: Results and Data, Version 1.0

Author

Tanhua,, T., primary, Olsen,, A., primary, Hoppema,, M., primary, Jutterstrom,, S., primary, Schirnick,, C., primary, van Heuven,, S., primary, Velo,, A., primary, Lin,, X., primary, Kozyr,, A., primary, Alvarez,, M., primary, Bakker,, D.C.E., primary, Brown,, P., primary, Falck,, E., primary, Jeansson,, E., primary, Lo Monaco,, C., primary, Olafsson,, J., primary, Perez,, F.F., primary, Pierrot,, D., primary, Rios,, A.F., primary, Sabine,, C.L., primary, Schuster,, U., primary, Steinfeldt,, R., primary, Stendardo,, I., primary, Anderson,, L.G., primary, Bates,, N.R., primary, Bellerby,, R.G.J., primary, Blindheim,, J., primary, Bullister,, J.L., primary, Gruber,, N., primary, Ishii,, M., primary, Johannessen,, T., primary, Jones,, E.P., primary, Kohler,, J., primary, Kortzinger,, A., primary, Metzl,, N., primary, Murata,, A., primary, Musielewics,, S., primary, Omar,, A.M., primary, Olsson,, K.A., primary, Pfeil,, B., primary, Rey,, F., primary, Rhein,, M., primary, Skjelvan,, I., primary, Tilbrook,, B., primary, Wanninkhof,, R., primary, Mintrop,, L., primary, Wallace,, D.W.R., primary, and Key,, R.M, primary

Published
2009
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37. Carbon in the Southern Ocean Region - the CARINA project: Results and Data, Version 1.0

Author

Tanhua,, T., primary, Olsen,, A., primary, Hoppema,, M., primary, Jutterstrom,, S., primary, Schirnick,, C., primary, van Heuven,, S., primary, Velo,, A., primary, Lin,, X., primary, Kozyr,, A., primary, Alvarez,, M., primary, Bakker,, D.C.E., primary, Brown,, P., primary, Falck,, E., primary, Jeansson,, E., primary, Lo Monaco,, C., primary, Olafsson,, J., primary, Perez,, F.F., primary, Pierrot,, D., primary, Rios,, A.F., primary, Sabine,, C.L., primary, Schuster,, U., primary, Steinfeldt,, R., primary, Stendardo,, I., primary, Anderson,, L.G., primary, Bates,, N.R., primary, Bellerby,, R.G.J., primary, Blindheim,, J., primary, Bullister,, J.L., primary, Gruber,, N., primary, Ishii,, M., primary, Johannessen,, T., primary, Jones,, E.P., primary, Kohler,, J., primary, Kortzinger,, A., primary, Metzl,, N., primary, Murata,, A., primary, Musielewics,, S., primary, Omar,, A.M., primary, Olsson,, K.A., primary, Pfeil,, B., primary, Rey,, F., primary, Rhein,, M., primary, Skjelvan,, I., primary, Tilbrook,, B., primary, Wanninkhof,, R., primary, Mintrop,, L., primary, Wallace,, D.W.R., primary, and Key,, R.M, primary

Published
2009
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38. Carbon in the Arctic Mediterranean Seas Region - the CARINA project: Results and Data, Version 1.1.

Author

Tanhua,, T., primary, Olsen,, A., primary, Hoppema,, M., primary, Jutterstrom,, S., primary, Schirnick,, C., primary, van Heuven,, S., primary, Velo,, A., primary, Lin,, X., primary, Kozyr,, A., primary, Alvarez,, M., primary, Bakker,, D.C.E., primary, Brown,, P., primary, Falck,, E., primary, Jeansson,, E., primary, Lo Monaco,, C., primary, Olafsson,, J., primary, Perez,, F.F., primary, Pierrot,, D., primary, Rios,, A.F., primary, Sabine,, C.L., primary, Schuster,, U., primary, Steinfeldt,, R., primary, Stendardo,, I., primary, Anderson,, L.G., primary, Bates,, N.R., primary, Bellerby,, R.G.J., primary, Blindheim,, J., primary, Bullister,, J.L., primary, Gruber,, N., primary, Ishii,, M., primary, Johannessen,, T., primary, Jones,, E.P., primary, Kohler,, J., primary, Kortzinger,, A., primary, Metzl,, N., primary, Murata,, A., primary, Musielewics,, S., primary, Omar,, A.M., primary, Olsson,, K.A., primary, Pfeil,, B., primary, Rey,, F., primary, Rhein,, M., primary, Skjelvan,, I., primary, Tilbrook,, B., primary, Wanninkhof,, R., primary, Mintrop,, L., primary, Wallace,, D.W.R., primary, and Key,, R.M, primary

Published
2009
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39. Quality control procedures and methods of the CARINA database.

Author

Tanhua, T., van Heuven, S., Key, R. M., Velo, A., Olsen, A., and Schirnick, C.

Subjects
QUALITY control, COMMERCIAL product testing, CARBON, LIGHT elements, CROSSOVER trials, OFFSET (Accounting)
Abstract

The article presents the methods and techniques used for the quality control of the Carbon In the Atlantic (CARINA) database. It states that the quality control procedures are divided into two which is to study the measurements to identify outliers and obvious errors and to quantify the systematic differences in the reported values. It infers that the process focused also on the crossover analysis to identify the corrections/correction factors needed to minimize the offsets between cruises.

Published
2009
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40. Overview of the Nordic Seas CARINA data and salinity measurements.

Author

A. Olsen, Key, R. M., Jeansson, E., Falck, E., Olafsson, J., van Heuven, S., Skjelvan, I., Omar, A. M., Olsson, K. A., Anderson, L. G., Jutterström, S., Rey, F., Johannessen, T., Bellerby, R. G. J., Blindheim, J., Bullister, J. L., Pfeil, B., Lin, X., Kozyr, A., and Schirnick, C.

Subjects
CARBON, LIGHT elements, SALINITY, QUALITY control, COMMERCIAL product testing
Abstract

The article offers information on the Carbon In the Atlantic (CARINA) data and its salinity measurements. It notes the need of CARINA data to undergo quality control (QC) to ensure highest possibly quality and consistency. It mentions that the evaluation of the consistency of the quality controlled salinity data suggests that they are consistent to at least 0.05.

Published
2009
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41. A vision for FAIR ocean data products

Author

Anton Velo, Akihiko Murata, Henry C. Bittig, Stephen C Diggs, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha, Reiner Steinfeldt, Toste Tanhua, Richard A. Feely, Kevin D. O'Brien, Are Olsen, Emil Jeansson, Marta Álvarez, Maciej Telszewski, Masao Ishii, Eugene Burger, Alex Kozyr, Robert M. Key, Rik Wanninkhof, Mario Hoppema, Peter J. Brown, Siv K. Lauvset, Carsten Schirnick, Bronte Tilbrook, Benjamin Pfeil, Nico Lange, Fiz F. Pérez, Brendan R. Carter, Tanhua, T. [0000-0002-0313-2557], Álvarez, Marta [0000-0002-5075-9344], Bittig, Henry C. [0000-0002-8621-3095], Brown, P. [0000-0002-1152-1114], Cotrim da Cunha, Leticia [0000-0001-8035-1430], Hoppema, M. [0000-0002-2326-619X], Ishii, Masao [0000-0002-7328-4599], Jeansson, Emil [0000-0002-2501-3479], Pérez, Fiz F. [0000-0003-4836-8974], Schirnick, C. [0000-0003-4111-9174], Steinfeldt, R. [0000-0002-3704-3990], Tilbrook, Bronte [0000-0001-9385-3827], Velo, A. [0000-0002-7598-5700], Tanhua, T., Álvarez, Marta, Bittig, Henry C., Brown, P., Cotrim da Cunha, Leticia, Hoppema, M., Ishii, Masao, Jeansson, Emil, Pérez, Fiz F., Schirnick, C., Steinfeldt, R., Tilbrook, Bronte, and Velo, A.

Subjects
Resource (biology), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Data products, Global warming, Carbon sink, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Data submission, 01 natural sciences, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, chemistry.chemical_compound, Sea surface temperature, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Environmental protection, Carbon dioxide, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract

4 pages, 1 figure.-- This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, The ocean is mitigating global warming by absorbing large amounts of excess carbon dioxide from human activities. To quantify and monitor the ocean carbon sink, we need a state-of-the-art data resource that makes data submission and retrieval machine-compatible and efficient, This effort has been supported by EU Horizon 2020 through the EuroSea action (grant no. 862626), the Helmholtz Association through “Digital Earth” (grant no. ZT-0025), L.C.C. acknowledges the UERJ/Prociencia grant (2018-2021), M.H. acknowledge EU Horizon 2020 action SO-CHIC (grant N°821001). B.C., R.A.F., E.B., K.O’.B., and R.W. were supported by NOAA/OAR and NOAA/GOMO (fund ref. 100007298), B.T. was partly supported by Australia’s Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS), S.K.L. acknowledges internal strategic funding from NORCE Climate, M.T. acknowledges support from the US NSF grant OCE-1840868 to SCOR. The PMEL and CICOES contributions are 5253 and 2020-1141, respectively

Published
2021
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42. [Acute and subchronic effect of a patch with discontinuous nitroglycerin liberation].

Author

Schirnick C and Reifart N

Subjects
Administration, Cutaneous, Adult, Angina Pectoris blood, Coronary Disease blood, Drug Administration Schedule, Electrocardiography, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nitroglycerin pharmacokinetics, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Angina Pectoris drug therapy, Coronary Disease drug therapy, Exercise Test, Nitroglycerin administration & dosage
Abstract

We investigated a new patch with 15 mg nitroglycerine and a drug release of 70% during the first 12 h of application, designed to prevent tolerance. In a double blind placebo controlled trial 12 patients with angiographically significant coronary artery disease, angina and reproducible ST-segment depression during exercise were studied. Stress-tests with a constant workload were performed before, 1 h, 4 h and 8 h after first day application as well as after 8-10 days of therapy. At the first day the sum of ST-segment depression (lead V 5) during each minute of exercise and the 5 minutes of recovery decreased by 55.5% (1 h, p less than 0.001), 47.4% (4 h, p less than 0.001) and 28.4% (8 h, n.s.). After subchronical application the relative values were 32% (1 h, p less than 0.05), 23.8% (4 h, n.s.) and no change after 8 h. Thus the new patch is effective between 1 h and 8 h of acute application. With chronic therapy however tolerance occurs despite the fact that only a small amount of nitroglycerine is released during the last half of a 24 h application.

Published
1989

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