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366 results on '"Scherer, L."'

6. Acute Care Pediatric Thoracic Surgical Conditions

Author

Grabowski, Julia, Scherer, L. R., III, Coccolini, Federico, Series Editor, Coimbra, Raul, Series Editor, Kirkpatrick, Andrew W., Series Editor, Di Saverio, Salomone, Series Editor, Ansaloni, Luca, Editorial Board Member, Balogh, Zsolt, Editorial Board Member, Biffl, Walt, Editorial Board Member, Catena, Fausto, Editorial Board Member, Davis, Kimberly, Editorial Board Member, Ferrada, Paula, Editorial Board Member, Fraga, Gustavo, Editorial Board Member, Ivatury, Rao, Editorial Board Member, Kluger, Yoram, Editorial Board Member, Leppaniemi, Ari, Editorial Board Member, Maier, Ron, Editorial Board Member, Moore, Ernest E., Editorial Board Member, Napolitano, Lena, Editorial Board Member, Peitzman, Andrew, Editorial Board Member, Reilly, Patrick, Editorial Board Member, Rizoli, Sandro, Editorial Board Member, Sakakushev, Boris, Editorial Board Member, Sartelli, Massimo, Editorial Board Member, Scalea, Thomas, Editorial Board Member, Spain, David, Editorial Board Member, Stahel, Philip, Editorial Board Member, Sugrue, Michael, Editorial Board Member, Velmahos, George, Editorial Board Member, Weber, Dieter, Editorial Board Member, and Galante, Joseph M., editor

Published
2021
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15. Environmental impacts of meat and meat replacements

Author

Scherer, L., Rueda, O., Smetana, S., Meiselman, H.L., Lorenzo, J.M., Meiselman, H.L., and Lorenzo, J.M.

Subjects
Meat Alternatives, Environmental Impact, Food Products, Life Cycle Assessment, Sustainable Development
Abstract

Agriculture, especially the livestock sector, hugely stresses the environment through its climate change, land use, and water use impacts, among others. Hence, reducing meat consumption can greatly reduce agriculture’s heavy environmental burden. Meat replacements can deliver similar nutrients, and some even mimic meat to facilitate substitution. However, replacements come with their own environmental impacts, which can be highly uncertain, particularly for emerging replacements. This chapter synthesizes the environmental impacts of meat (poultry, pork, and beef) compared to conventional (seafood, eggs, tofu and tempeh, pulses, and nuts) and emerging (plant-based meat analogs, algae, mycoprotein, insects, and cultured meat) meat replacements. We compare their environmental impacts based on life cycle assessment and highlight impact hotspots, opportunities for improvement, and key research gaps. Overall, while conventional replacements already offer more sustainable alternatives to meat, emerging replacements often result in trade-offs that we can proactively tackle today to reduce environmental impacts in the future.

Published
2022

16. Temporal Trends of Alternative Therapy Use before, during and after Cancer Treatment: Results from the Multi-Institutional Complementary and Alternative Medicine Exposure in Oncology (CAMEO) Study

Author

Weil, C.R., primary, Hutten, R., additional, Barney, B.M., additional, Fagerlin, A.S., additional, Gaffney, D.K., additional, Gill, D., additional, Whipple, G.L., additional, Rhodes, T., additional, Scherer, L., additional, Suneja, G., additional, Tward, J.D., additional, Werner, T., additional, Johnson, S.B., additional, and Evans, J.D., additional

Published
2022
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17. Use Patterns and Perceptions of Non-Traditional Therapies in Radiotherapy Patients: Results from the Multi-Institutional Complementary and Alternative Medicine Exposure in Oncology (CAMEO) Study

Author

Weil, C.R., primary, Hutten, R., additional, Barney, B.M., additional, Fagerlin, A.S., additional, Gaffney, D.K., additional, Gill, D., additional, Whipple, G.L., additional, Rhodes, T., additional, Scherer, L., additional, Suneja, G., additional, Tward, J.D., additional, Werner, T., additional, Evans, J.D., additional, and Johnson, S.B., additional

Published
2022
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21. Quantifying Earth system interactions for sustainable food production via expert elicitation

Author

Chrysafi, A., Virkki, V., Jalava, M., Sandström, V., Piipponen, J., Porkka, M., Lade, S.J., La Mere, K., Wang-Erlandsson, L., Scherer, L., Andersen, L.S., Bennett, E., Brauman, K.A., Cooper, G.S., De Palma, A., Döll, P., Downing, A.S., DuBois, T.C., Fetzer, I., Fulton, E.A., Gerten, D., Jaafar, H., Jägermeyr, J., Jaramillo, F., Jung, M., Kahiluoto, H., Lassaletta, L., Mackay, A.W., Mason-D’Croz, D., Mekonnen, M.M., Nash, K.L., Pastor, A.V., Ramankutty, N., Ridoutt, B., Siebert, S., Simmons, B.I., Staal, A., Sun, Z., Tobian, A., Usubiaga-Liaño, A., van der Ent, R.J., van Soesbergen, A., Verburg, P.H., Wada, Y., Zipper, S., Kummu, M., Chrysafi, A., Virkki, V., Jalava, M., Sandström, V., Piipponen, J., Porkka, M., Lade, S.J., La Mere, K., Wang-Erlandsson, L., Scherer, L., Andersen, L.S., Bennett, E., Brauman, K.A., Cooper, G.S., De Palma, A., Döll, P., Downing, A.S., DuBois, T.C., Fetzer, I., Fulton, E.A., Gerten, D., Jaafar, H., Jägermeyr, J., Jaramillo, F., Jung, M., Kahiluoto, H., Lassaletta, L., Mackay, A.W., Mason-D’Croz, D., Mekonnen, M.M., Nash, K.L., Pastor, A.V., Ramankutty, N., Ridoutt, B., Siebert, S., Simmons, B.I., Staal, A., Sun, Z., Tobian, A., Usubiaga-Liaño, A., van der Ent, R.J., van Soesbergen, A., Verburg, P.H., Wada, Y., Zipper, S., and Kummu, M.

Abstract

Several safe boundaries of critical Earth system processes have already been crossed due to human perturbations; not accounting for their interactions may further narrow the safe operating space for humanity. Using expert knowledge elicitation, we explored interactions among seven variables representing Earth system processes relevant to food production, identifying many interactions little explored in Earth system literature. We found that green water and land system change affect other Earth system processes strongly, while land, freshwater and ocean components of biosphere integrity are the most impacted by other Earth system processes, most notably blue water and biogeochemical flows. We also mapped a complex network of mechanisms mediating these interactions and created a future research prioritization scheme based on interaction strengths and existing knowledge gaps. Our study improves the understanding of Earth system interactions, with sustainability implications including improved Earth system modelling and more explicit biophysical limits for future food production.

Published
2022
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22. Global extinction probabilities of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine species groups

Author

Verones, F, Kuipers, K.J.J., Nunez, M., Rosa, F., Scherer, L., Marques, A., Michelsen, O., Barbarossa, V., Jaffe, B., Pfister, S., Dorber, M., Verones, F, Kuipers, K.J.J., Nunez, M., Rosa, F., Scherer, L., Marques, A., Michelsen, O., Barbarossa, V., Jaffe, B., Pfister, S., and Dorber, M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 252554.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), This is the dataset presented in the manuscript titled "Global extinction probabilities of terrestrial, freshwater, and marine species groups". The dataset gives the code (R code), as well as the resulting raster files for the suggested Global extinction probabilities for different taxonomic groups, for use in Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA). We supply the results on 5arc minute resolution, aggregated for relevant spatial scales (e.g. terrestrial ecoregions or watersheds), as well as at country scale

Published
2022

23. Vildehaye: A family of versatile, widely-applicable, and field-proven lightweight wildlife tracking and sensing Tags

Author

Toledo, S., Mendel, S., Levi, A., Vortman, Y., Ullmann, W., Scherer, L.-R., Pufelski, J., van Maarseveen, F., Denissen, B., Bijleveld, A., Orchan, Y., Bartan, Y., Margalit, S., Talmon, I., Nathan, R., Toledo, S., Mendel, S., Levi, A., Vortman, Y., Ullmann, W., Scherer, L.-R., Pufelski, J., van Maarseveen, F., Denissen, B., Bijleveld, A., Orchan, Y., Bartan, Y., Margalit, S., Talmon, I., and Nathan, R.

Abstract

We describe the design and implementation of Vildehaye, a family of versatile, widely-applicable, and field-proven tags for wildlife sensing and radio tracking. The family includes 6 distinct hard-ware designs for tags, 3 add-on boards, a programming adapter, and base stations; modular firmware for tags and base stations (both standalone low-power embedded base stations and base stations tethered to a computer running Linux or Windows); and desk-top software for programming and configuring tags, monitoring tags, and downloading and processing sensor data. The tags are versatile: they support multiple packet formats, data rates, and frequency bands; they can be configured for minimum mass (down to less than 1 g), making them applicable to a wide range of flying and terrestrial animals, or for inclusion of important sensors and large memories; they can transmit packets compatible with time-of-arrival transmitter-localization systems, tag identification and state packets, and they can reliably upload sensor data through their radio link. The system has been designed, upgraded, and main-tained as an academic research project, but it has been extensively used by 5 different groups of ecologists in 4 countries over a period of 5 years. More than 7100 tags have been produced and most of these have been deployed. Production used 41 manufacturing runs. The tags have been used in studies that so far resulted in 9 scientific publications in ecology (including in Science). The paper describes innovative design aspects of Vildehaye, field-use experiences, and lessons from the design, implementation, and maintenance of the system. Both the hardware and software of the system are open.

Published
2022

27. BEGYN-Studie: Auswirkungen von Bewegung und sportlicher Aktivität bei gynäkologischen Krebspatientinnen auf Lebensqualität, Körperzusammensetzung und prognoserelevante Biomarker

Author

Zemlin, C, additional, Stuhlert, C, additional, Schleicher, J, additional, Wörmann, C, additional, Altmayer, L, additional, Lang, M, additional, Scherer, L-S, additional, Maier, I, additional, Kaiser, E, additional, Stutz, R, additional, Steffgen, G, additional, and Solomayer, E-F, additional

Published
2021
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28. Integration of environment and nutrition in life cycle assessment of food items

Author

McLaren, S., Berardy, A., Henderson, A., Holden, N., Huppertz, T., Jolliet, O., De Camillis, C., Renouf, M., Rugani, B., Saarinen, M., Pols, J. van der, Vazquez-Rowe, I., Anton Vallejo, A., Bianchi, M., Chadhary, A., Chen, C., Cooreman-Algoed, M., Dong, H., Grant, T., Green, A., Hallström, E., Hoang, H.-M., Leip, A., Lynch, J., McAuliffe, G., Ridoutt, B., Saget, S., Scherer, L., Tuomisto, H., Tyedmers, P., Zanten, H. van, Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science (HELSUS), Department of Agricultural Sciences, and Future Sustainable Food Systems

Subjects
416 Food Science
Abstract

This report is the outcome of a consensus-building project to agree on best practices for environmental and nutritional Life Cycle Assessment (nLCA) methodology, and identify future research needs. The project involved 30 nutritional and environmental LCA researchers from 18 countries. It focused on the assessment of food items (as opposed to meals or diets).Best practice recommendations were developed to address the intended purpose of an LCA study and related modeling approach, choice of an appropriate functional unit, assessment of nutritional value, and reporting nLCA results. An nLCA study should report the quantities of as many essential nutrients as possible and aim to provide information on the nutritional quality and/or health impacts in addition to nutrient quantities. Outstanding issues requiring further research attention include: defining a minimum number of nutrients to be considered in an nLCA study; treatment of nutrients to limit; use of nutrient indexes; further development of Impact Assessment methods; representation of nutritional changes that may occur during subsequent distribution and food preparation in cradle-to-gate nLCA studies; and communication of data uncertainty and variability. More data are required for different regions (particularly developing countries); for the processing, distribution, retail, and consumption life cycle stages; and for food loss and waste. Finally, there is a need to extend nLCA methodology for the assessment of meals and diets, to consider further how to account for the multi-functionality of food in a sustainability framework, and to set nLCA studies within the context of environmental limits.These results provide a robust basis for improving nLCA methodology and applying it to identify solutions that minimize the trade-offs between nourishing populations and safeguarding the environment.

Published
2021

29. Integration of environment and nutrition in life cycle assessment of food Items : opportunities and challenges

Author

McLaren, S., Berardy, A., Henderson, A., Holden, N., Huppertz, T., Jolliet, O., De Camillis, C., Renouf, M., Rugani, B., Saarinen, M., van der Pols, J., Vázquez-Rowe, I., Antón Vallejo, A., Bianchi, M., Chaudhary, A., Chen, C., Cooreman-Algoed, Margot, Dong, H., Grant, T., Green, A., Hallström, E., Hoang, H., Leíp, A., Lynch, J., McAuliffe, G., Ridoutt, B., Saget, S., Scherer, L., Tuomisto, H., Tyedmers, P., and Van Zanten, H.

Subjects
assessment, reports, life cycle analysis, methodology, Carbon footprint, environmental impact, Diet, Life cycle assessment, nutrition, foods, Health, Earth and Environmental Sciences, best practices, Nutrition
Abstract

Food systems have become increasingly efficient and technologically advanced in providing food products to meet the needs of the world’s growing population. However, providing healthy diets within environmental limits remains a key sustainability issue as food systems continue to over use increasingly scarce natural resources while making a major contribution to environmental impacts such as climate change, water scarcity and biodiversity loss. At the same time, hundreds of millions of people suffer from chronic hunger or adult obesity, and healthy diets continue to be more expensive than energy- and nutrient-sufficient diets. Many stakeholders are interested in the question of how to assess the environmental impacts of healthy diets, and in exploring solutions for minimizing trade-offs between nourishing populations and safeguarding the environment. Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies have an important role in contributing to solutions because they evaluate the environmental impacts of different practices, products and systems, and they facilitate the exploration of benefits and trade-offs across multiple types of impacts. LCA studies of food items increasingly address nutritional as well as environmental aspects, and this requires consideration of additional methodological aspects. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) initiated a project to identify opportunities for further developing environmental and nutritional LCA methodology and building consensus about best practice, and to propose future research needs. The project involved 30 environmental and nutritional LCA researchers from 18 countries and ran between May and November 2021. The project focused on assessing food items as opposed to raw materials, meals and/or diets, and it is a step towards more comprehensive meal and dietary LCA studies. A key issue concerns the intended purpose of an LCA study. This requires some consideration of the reason for the study, the intended application and the audience. Foods may be consumed for a variety of reasons including for their nutritional value, for enjoyment, and/or as a means of taking part in – or contributing to – socio-cultural functions. This report defines a nutritional LCA (nLCA) study as an LCA study where the provision of nutrient(s) is considered as either the main function or one of the main functions of a food item. nLCA studies should be undertaken by multidisciplinary teams involving nutritional and health scientists as well as environmental scientists. At the outset, the goal and scope of an nLCA study should be carefully defined following the recommendations in this report, including: • Undertake an nLCA when nutrients are and/or nutrition is relevant to the decision-maker and decision context (Chapter 3). • Clearly identify the target audience and the target population for a study because different populations have different nutritional requirements, and this may influence the assessment of nutritional value (Chapter 5). • Report the quantities of as many essential nutrients as possible (Chapters 5 and 6). • Aim to provide information on the nutritional quality and/or health impacts in addition to nutrient quantities (Chapter 5, Chapter 6, Section 7.5.4). • The system boundaries should include all stages of the product life cycle that affect nutritional value. The final processing, storage and/or preparation of food items may have a notable effect on their nutritional value, and this should be taken into consideration (including the potential fortification of foods) (Chapter 5). • Choose a modelling perspective (typically attributional or consequential) based on the relevance to the decision situation (Chapter 4). The functional unit in an nLCA study can be defined in many ways (Chapter 6). These include: a quantity of one or more nutrients, a nutrient density value (calculated using a nutrient index), a quality-corrected quantity of nutrient(s), or another nutritional property (such as energy content). Alternatively, the functional unit could be a serving size. In all cases it should be relevant to the target population and its nutritional requirements. If possible, nutrients not included in the functional unit should be listed and discussed in the LCA report. Figure 5 and Figure 6 provide decision trees for guiding the choice of a functional unit in an nLCA study. When assessing nutrition, consideration should be given to: accounting for nutritional value as well as nutrient quantities (for example, using nutrient indices), separate treatment of nutrients to encourage (e.g. calcium) and of nutrients to limit (e.g. sodium), and assessment of non-nutrients that contribute to nutrition (e.g. dietary fibre) (Chapter 5, Chapter 6). In the impact assessment, research on the potential human health impacts of food items is at an early stage (Section 7.5.4). This report recommends using a nutrition impact category to account for the benefits or impacts of nutrition on human health (Section 8.1.1). Other particularly relevant impact categories to consider in an nLCA of food items include (Chapter 7): climate change, water use, land use, eutrophication (related to fertilizer use), ecotoxicity (related to pesticide use), and other human health impacts (in particular, fine particulates from agricultural activities and indoor use of some stoves, pesticide exposure and residues in food, chemical migration into food from contact materials, persistent organic pollutants and metals that bioconcentrate in foods). Antibiotic resistance is an emerging issue that requires consideration in the context of an LCA of food items (Section 7.7). Additional insights may be gained from integrating elements of the ecosystem services approach into an LCA (Section 7.6). The project led to numerous recommendations about reporting nLCA results. To increase the usefulness of nLCA studies of food items for future meal and dietary studies, the results should be reported using a mass- or volume-based reference flow as well as a nutritional functional unit. The results should identify whether the approach is nutrient-based or whether it also includes nutritional aspects. And the reported result should discuss the limitations of the adopted approach, for example, not accounting for interactions with other food items in a meal or diet (i.e. food matrix and meal effects) (Chapter 5). Some additional outstanding issues were identified in the project that require further attention (Chapter 8): • definition of a minimum number of nutrients to be considered in an nLCA study, and whether this should be based on food groups (Chapter 6); • treatment of nutrients to limit alongside, or separately from, encouraged nutrients (Chapter 6); • use of nutrient indices to assess nutrition (Chapter 6); • nutrition impact category methodology (Section 7.5.4), and further development of impact assessment methods for other impact categories (Chapter 7); • how to represent nutritional changes that could occur during food storage, distribution and preparation if the system boundary for an nLCA study is set at a life cycle stage prior to consumption (Chapter 4); • guidelines for use of an nLCA in different applications, including use of attributional and consequential modelling perspectives (Chapter 4); • representation of data uncertainty and variability in nLCA studies (Chapter 4); and •representative data for different regions (particularly developing countries) for the processing, distribution, retail, and consumption life cycle stages, and for food loss and waste (Chapter 4). Finally, there is a need to extend nLCA methodology for the assessment of meals and diets, to consider further how to account for the multi-functionality of food in a sustainability framework, and to set nLCA studies within the context of environmental limits. In summary, the constructive consensus-building process described in this report led to the identification of key outstanding issues and recommendations for the environmental and nutritional LCA of food items. The results provide a robust basis for future research to improve nLCA methodology and apply it to identify solutions that minimize the trade-offs between nourishing populations and safeguarding the environment

Published
2021

31. A Linguistic Examination Of Information Framing In Physician-Patient Conversations

Author

Fridman, I, Fagerlin, A, Scherr, K, Scherer, L, Kanze, D, and Huffstetler, H

Subjects
Communication skills, Ill health, Medical sciences
Abstract

Purpose: When discussing risks and benefits with cancer patients, physicians could focus on losses such as mortality rates and recurrence or, alternatively, gains such as survival rates and curing cancer. Previous research has shown that the way health information is framed influences individuals’ preferences and choices 1. We developed dictionaries for automated text analysis and ran exploratory analysis investigating whether and when framing manifests in actual physician-patient conversations and how often only one (gain) or another (loss) frame dominates the conversation. Methods: We analyzed transcribed consultations with patients who had low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software, we calculated the number of words describing gains or losses. We ran a regression analysis exploring framing in the communications. Results: Our analysis revealed that on average, physicians use more words related to gains than losses. Furthermore, we found that the frame of the conversation shifts depending on the type of recommendation the physician offered during the consultation. Physicians who recommended immediate active treatment for prostate cancer (versus active surveillance) used marginally fewer loss words and significantly fewer words related to death. Exploratory analyses showed that words associated with losses and death were correlated with patient choice of active treatment (versus active surveillance). Conclusion: The frequency of loss words in physicians’ explanations was correlated with physicians’ recommendations and patients choices. We discuss theoretical implications and suggest directions for further research.

Published
2020

33. Acknowledgement to reviewers of social sciences in 2019

Author

Abbas, A., Abel, G., Abreu, A., Adam, A., Adamek, M., Adiletta, G., Adusei-asante, K.A., Romeo, M.D.M., Alderson, A., Alfaro, E., Aliverti, A., Almeida, Fernando, Álvarez-gonzález, L.I., Amelina, A., Anand, C., Anderson, G., Andreasson, J., Ang, I., Aragon, J., Arcidiacono, C., Arcuri, S., Assante, D., Atukeren, E., Avery, H., Ayeb-karlsson, S., Azadi, H., Bachman, R., Bader, M., Badulescu, A., Bahmanteymouri, E., Baines, S., Baker, T., Baker‐beall, C., Bañón, L., Bar‐am, N., Barbier‐greenland, K., Barnett, R., Barragán‐escandón, A., Barreto, A.M., Barrett, E., Bartkowski, J., Bartram, R., Bartzas, G., Bates, D., Baviera‐puig, A., Bayley, A., Beazley, H., Beer, C., Behr, H., Beier, G., Belford, N., Bencivenga, R., Benli, A.E., Benton‐short, L., Berei, J.M., Berbel‐pineda, E., Bernstein, Berntzen, E.R., Bertella, L., Birney, G., Bittle, M., Black, S., Rivero, L.B., Blattner, J.J., Blok, C., Blount, A., Boas, Y., Bockarie, I., Bockerman, A., Bodén, P., Bönisch‐brednich, L., Bontje, B., Bontje, M., Borsellino, V., Bostan, I., Bowl, M., Bowman, B., Bracci, E., Bracken, C.M., Bradley, H., Brereton, P., Brewer, J., Bridge, D., Brooks, S., Brown, Andrijana, Brzoska, M., Brzozowski, W., Buckley, G., Buente, W., Bullaro, G.R., Burke, M.D., Burlacu, S., Busu, M., Butler, S., Byrne, J., Cabral, L., Cai, Y., Cajias, M., Calin, A.C., Callegari, C., Camarero, M., Campbell-figuerola, H., Campbell, J.R., Cannito, M., Canonico, E., Canosa, A., Carabelli, G., Carlbom, A., Carlone, T., Caron, R., Carpenter, A., Caruso, G., Casais, B., Castro, M.P., Cava, M.-J., Čeněk, J., Cerchione, R., Certomà, C., Chan, E., Charles, D., Charlwood, A., Chatzifotiou, S., Chell, K., Chen, L., Chen, Q., Chen, W.-J., Ching, L., Christensen, J., Ciasullo, M.V., Cimermanová, I., Činčera, J., Cipollina, M., Clutterbuck, R., Cochrane, B., Collin, K., Conley, R., Connell, H., Connelly, J., Connelly, L., Connelly, R., Conti, D., Conversi, D., Conway, G., Cooper, S., Cope, M., Corsini, F., Cristian, P., Crohn, H.M., Croog, R.C., Salazar, T., Csiszár, C., D’auria, I., D’souza, A., D’souza, N., Dabija, D.-C., Dagg, J., Dalby, S., DaleDalsgård, B., Dʹamato, A.L., Daniel, D., Dant, L., Dantas, C., Darwin, H., Dashper, K., David, M.E., De Flippo, D., De, A., Edi, M., Velázquez, E.D.C., Velázquez, F., Del Vecchio, P., Delatolla, A., Delgado, P., Delgado‐romero, E., Delrosso, J., Desimone, J., Detlefsen, L., Devaney, C., Díaz, L.M., Didham, R., Diogo, E., Dirakis, A., Doberneck, D., Doidge, M.D., Molero, G., Dombrowski, P.J., Doñate, C., Đorđević, Martín, Reis, P.G.R., Doucek, P., Dundes, L., Dvouletý, O., Dybo, T., Eastman, J., Eckhardt, J., Economou, A., Edler, D., Edu, U., Ekblom, P.E., Khaled, D., Ellis, C., Elsabry, E., Erceg, A., Erokhin, V., Ertz, M., Everitt, J., Evers, A., Falcone, P.M.F., Cabana, P., Fawcett, B., Fearnley, B., Featherstone, M., Ferreira, M., Ferreira, P., Fetner, T., Fisher, J., Fisher, R., Fitzpatrick, T., Flanagan, C., Fogarty, E.A., Fonchingong, C.C., Fontana, M., Fook, J., Foreman, A.M., Foster‐mcgregor, N., Fox, S., Franco, J.A., Franklin, A.L., Friedrich, T., Fromm, I., Fu, N., Fucà, R., Fukuda, Y., Fusco, G., Gabriela, D., Galan, D., Gamo, A., Galiano, J., Garcia, A., García, M.E.A., García‐germán, S., García‐machado, J.J., García‐ruiz, C.R., Gavini, M., Gazzano, A., Gebhardt, M., Gerson, S., Gherghina, Ş.C., Gibbs, P., Gilhooly, D., Gill, F., Gill, N., Gil‐lopez, A.J., Ginès Fabrellas, A., Giuffrida, N., Giuliani, G., Goddard, J., Godderis, R., Goh, C.S., Gomes, O., Goncharuk, A.G., Canche, M.G., Pérez, I.G., Valero, G., González, R.C.L., Gonzalez‐benson, O., Gonzalez‐feliu, J., González‐lópez, M., Gozdziak, E., Granx, B., Gran, R., Gray, S.L., Grbes, A., Grondys, K., Grugan, S., Guenther, J., Guijarro, F., Gurko, T., Haas, L.L., Hagellx, A., Hagell, H., Hallgrímsdóttir, H., Hamada, T., Hanf, J., Hannouf, M., Hao, F., Harman, G., Harris, K.L., Harris, R., Harrison, N.H., Healy, G., Healy, K., Heikkilä, E., Hellmich, C., Henig, J., Henninger, C.E., Heo, W., Herman, C., Herrero‐diz, P., Heyman, J., Hibbert, N., Hillman, A.L., Hillman, B., Hine, B., Hino, K., Hinten, M., Hipp, L., Hoang, D., Holleran, D., Hollin, I., Holm, M., Holmes, C., Hook, G., Hoornweg, D., Hopper, L., Hossain, M., Hoxhaj, R., Hu, B., Huang, Y., Huarita, E., Hudec, O., Humbert, A.L., Hung, M.-C., Hunt, A., Husu, L., IanoleIbáñez‐gonzález, R., Ibáñez‐gonzález, M.J., Ide, T., Ijaz, Muhammad Fazal, Impicciatore, R., Ingwersen, M., Ioannides, D., Iseppi, L., Islam, M.M., Jaakkola, M., Jagger, S., Jagosh, J., Jenkin, G., Joelsson, T., Johansen, R.E.B., Johnsen, H.C., Garmann Jona, G., Jones, T., Judit, O., Kalalahti, M., Kang, M., Kantamaneni, K., Kaplan, L., Kapsalis, V., Karbowski, A., Katsoni, V., Kavish, D.R., Kawamura, H., Keilman, N.W., Kelly, J., Kenneth, H., Kepaptsoglou, K., Kevin, D., Kewley, S., Kim, J.-C., Kim, K.-Y., Kim, S., Kimengsi, J.N., Klein, J., Kleine, M., Klemes, J.I.R.I., Klepp, S., Klinkenberg, L.E.F., Knight, L., Knowles, 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Published
2020

49. DARPA/AFRL/NASA Smart Wing Second Wind Tunnel Test Results

Author

Scherer, L. B, Martin, C. A, West, M, Florance, J. P, Wieseman, C. D, Burner, A. W, and Fleming, G. A

Subjects
Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance
Abstract

To quantify the benefits of smart materials and structures adaptive wing technology, Northrop Grumman Corp. (NGC) built and tested two 16% scale wind tunnel models (a conventional and a "smart" model) of a fighter/attack aircraft under the DARPA/AFRL/NASA Smart Materials and Structures Development - Smart Wing Phase 1. Performance gains quantified included increased pitching moment (C(sub M)), increased rolling moment (C(subl)) and improved pressure distribution. The benefits were obtained for hingeless, contoured trailing edge control surfaces with embedded shape memory alloy (SMA) wires and spanwise wing twist effected by SMA torque tube mechanisms, compared to conventional hinged control surfaces. This paper presents an overview of the results from the second wind tunnel test performed at the NASA Langley Research Center s (LaRC) 16ft Transonic Dynamic Tunnel (TDT) in June 1998. Successful results obtained were: 1) 5 degrees of spanwise twist and 8-12% increase in rolling moment utilizing a single SMA torque tube, 2) 12 degrees of deflection, and 10% increase in rolling moment due to hingeless, contoured aileron, and 3) demonstration of optical techniques for measuring spanwise twist and deflected shape.

Published
2001

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