12 results on '"Schellekens, Pa"'
Search Results
2. Retinal sensitivity following intraocular silicone oil and gas tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
- Author
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Scheerlinck LM, Schellekens PA, Liem AT, Steijns D, and van Leeuwen R
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Endotamponade methods, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Fovea Centralis pathology, Humans, Injections, Intraocular, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Retinal Detachment diagnosis, Retinal Detachment physiopathology, Tomography, Optical Coherence methods, Fovea Centralis physiopathology, Retinal Detachment surgery, Silicone Oils administration & dosage, Sulfur Hexafluoride administration & dosage, Visual Acuity, Visual Fields physiology, Vitrectomy methods
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate whether intraocular silicone oil (SO) tamponade is associated with functional changes in patients with both macula-on and macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs)., Methods: Prospective observational cohort study of patients with RRD treated by vitrectomy with gas or SO tamponade at the University Medical Center Utrecht. Outcome was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal sensitivity on microperimetry 2 months after surgery., Results: In total, 40 eyes were included. There are 10 eyes in each of the following groups: macula-on RRD and gas, macula-on RRD and SO, macula-off RRD and gas, and macula-off RRD and SO. Median retinal sensitivity on microperimetry was decreased following SO tamponade compared to gas tamponade for both macula-on and macula-off RRD (p < 0.037)., Conclusion: Foveal sensitivity was decreased in eyes after SO tamponade compared to gas tamponade. These effects were observed in patients with macula-on as well as macula-off RRD. Although further investigation is warranted to validate our results and to study underlying mechanisms, retinal surgeons need to be aware of these findings after the use of SO tamponade., (© 2018 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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3. A prospective multicentre randomized placebo-controlled superiority trial in patients with suspected bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery on the adjuvant use of intravitreal dexamethasone to intravitreal antibiotics.
- Author
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Manning S, Ugahary LC, Lindstedt EW, Wubbels RJ, van Dissel JT, Jansen JTG, Gan I, van Goor AT, Bennebroek CA, van der Werf DJ, Ossewaarde-van Norel A, Mayland Nielsen CC, Tilanus M, van den Biesen PR, Schellekens PA, La Heij E, Faridpooya K, van Overdam K, Veckeneer M, and van Meurs JC
- Subjects
- Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage, Endophthalmitis etiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glucocorticoids administration & dosage, Humans, Intravitreal Injections, Male, Prospective Studies, Surgical Wound Infection etiology, Treatment Outcome, Visual Acuity, Cataract Extraction adverse effects, Dexamethasone administration & dosage, Endophthalmitis drug therapy, Eye Infections, Bacterial etiology, Gentamicins administration & dosage, Surgical Wound Infection drug therapy, Vancomycin administration & dosage
- Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to determine whether intravitreal dexamethasone as an adjuvant to intravitreal antibiotics is beneficial in the treatment of suspected bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery., Methods: Randomized, placebo-controlled superiority trial in three tertiary referral centres in the Netherlands. Patients with suspected bacterial endophthalmitis within 6 weeks after cataract surgery were eligible. A diagnostic vitreous biopsy was taken for culture, and patients received intravitreal injections of 400 μg dexamethasone (without preservatives) or placebo, in addition to 0.2 mg vancomycin and 0.05 mg gentamicin. The vancomycin and dexamethasone or placebo injections were repeated once at day 3 or 4. Primary outcome measure was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1 year., Results: Between 1 November 2004 and 1 March 2014 (excluding two interruptions totalling 20 months), 324 eligible patients presented. A total of 167 patients (81 dexamethasone, 86 placebo) were available for the intention-to-treat analysis. Biopsies of 114 patients (68%) were culture-positive. Final BCVA did not differ between the dexamethasone and the placebo group (logMAR 0.31 ± 0.58 versus 0.27 ± 0.50; p = 0.90), nor did the number of patients with final vision of no light perception (LP, 7 versus 13). Pain, corneal oedema, the absence of a red fundus reflex on presentation, LP on presentation and culture of virulent pathogens from biopsy were statistically significantly associated with an unfavourable visual outcome., Conclusion: Intravitreal dexamethasone without preservatives as an adjuvant to intravitreal antibiotics does not improve visual acuity (VA) in patients treated for suspected bacterial endophthalmitis after cataract surgery., (© 2017 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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4. Electrolyte composition of retro-oil fluid and silicone oil-related visual loss.
- Author
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Scheerlinck LM, Kuiper JJ, Liem AT, Schellekens PA, and van Leeuwen R
- Subjects
- Aged, Calcium metabolism, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolism, Magnesium metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Retinal Detachment metabolism, Sodium metabolism, Vision Disorders metabolism, Visual Field Tests, Vitrectomy, Electrolytes metabolism, Endotamponade methods, Potassium metabolism, Retinal Detachment surgery, Silicone Oils adverse effects, Vision Disorders etiology, Vitreous Body metabolism
- Abstract
Purpose: Up to one-third of patients with intra-ocular silicone oil (SO) tamponade for complex macula-on retinal detachment may experience an unexplained visual loss during or after SO tamponade. Although the underlying mechanism is unknown, previous studies suggested that accumulation of retinal potassium could be involved. Hence, this study tested the hypothesis that intra-ocular potassium levels are elevated during SO tamponade., Methods: A prospective cohort study was carried out from 13 October 2013 through 5 March 2015. Potassium, sodium, magnesium, chloride, calcium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose levels were measured in retro-oil fluid and paired serum from 16 patients undergoing oil removal, including two patients with SO-related visual loss (SORVL). Vitreous humour and paired serum from 27 patients with macular hole (n = 19) or floaters (n = 8) served as controls., Results: Median potassium levels in retro-oil fluid and vitreous humour were similar. Magnesium and chloride levels were lower in retro-oil fluid compared with vitreous humour (p < 0.01) and LDH levels were elevated in retro-oil fluid (p < 0.0001). One of the two patients with SORVL revealed abnormal high potassium and magnesium levels. The other patient had normal levels., Conclusion: Potassium levels are not increased in retro-oil fluid during SO tamponade, making the 'potassium accumulation' hypothesis unlikely. The disturbance in magnesium concentration during SO tamponade warrants further investigation., (© 2016 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2016
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5. Ocular Fluid Analysis in Children Reveals Interleukin-29/Interferon-λ1 as a Biomarker for Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated Uveitis.
- Author
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Haasnoot AM, Kuiper JJ, Hiddingh S, Schellekens PA, de Jager W, Imhof SM, Radstake TR, and de Boer JH
- Subjects
- Biomarkers analysis, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Interferons, Male, Uveitis diagnosis, Aqueous Humor chemistry, Arthritis, Juvenile complications, Interleukins analysis, Uveitis etiology
- Abstract
Objective: Childhood uveitis is a vision-threatening inflammatory eye disease commonly attributed to juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The pathogenesis is poorly understood, which makes clinical management challenging. We analyzed soluble mediators in ocular fluid (aqueous humor [AqH]) and serum from children with JIA-associated uveitis and common childhood uveitis to identify potential biomarkers and investigate the ocular microenvironment of this sight-threatening eye disease., Methods: AqH (n = 73) and paired serum (n = 66) samples were analyzed for 51 soluble mediators of inflammation by multiplex immunoassay. Twenty-one children with JIA-associated uveitis were compared to 15 children with chronic anterior uveitis without arthritis, 29 children with noninfectious idiopathic uveitis, and 8 children with noninflammatory conditions (controls). For visualization of the joint effect of multiple mediators, we used the radial coordinate visualization (Radviz) method. Optimal biomarker level cutoffs were also determined., Results: The levels of interleukin-29 (IL-29)/interferon-λ1 (IFNλ1) were decreased (P < 0.001) and the levels of latency-associated peptide and osteoprotegerin were increased (P = 0.002 and P = 0.001, respectively) in samples of AqH, but not serum, from patients with JIA-associated uveitis. Multivariate analysis correcting for disease activity and treatment revealed that intraocular levels of IL-29/IFNλ1 were specifically decreased in patients with JIA-associated uveitis as compared to those with idiopathic uveitis. Indeed, JIA-associated uveitis patients and idiopathic uveitis patients showed distinct profiles of intraocular soluble mediators. IL-29/IFNλ1 showed a high area under the curve value (0.954), with 23.5 pg/ml as the optimal cutoff value., Conclusion: We identified IL-29/IFNλ1 as an intraocular biomarker for JIA-associated uveitis, which suggests that aberrant IFNλ signaling might be important in JIA-associated uveitis and distinct from other forms of childhood uveitis., (© 2016, American College of Rheumatology.)
- Published
- 2016
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6. INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS, AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF UNEXPLAINED VISUAL LOSS AFTER INTRAOCULAR SILICONE OIL FOR MACULA-ON RETINAL DETACHMENT.
- Author
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Scheerlinck LM, Schellekens PA, Liem AT, Steijns D, and Leeuwen Rv
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Fluorescein Angiography, Fluorocarbons administration & dosage, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Retinal Detachment diagnosis, Retinal Detachment physiopathology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Silicone Oils administration & dosage, Sulfur Hexafluoride administration & dosage, Sulfur Hexafluoride adverse effects, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Vision, Low diagnosis, Vision, Low physiopathology, Visual Field Tests, Visual Fields, Endotamponade, Retinal Detachment surgery, Silicone Oils adverse effects, Vision, Low epidemiology, Visual Acuity physiology, Vitrectomy
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of unexplained visual loss after macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD)., Methods: Retrospective cohort of patients with primary macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated by vitrectomy with gas or silicone oil (SO) tamponade in 2011 and 2012. Outcome was unexplained visual loss (>2 Snellen lines) 2 months after the last vitrectomy., Results: Incidence of unexplained visual loss was 0.7% (1/151) in patients treated by gas and 29.7% (11/37) in patients treated by SO (P = 0.001). Visual loss occurred both during SO tamponade and after removal. Cases underwent optical coherence tomography, perimetry, microperimetry, fluorescein angiography, and visual evoked potentials. Patients with unexplained visual loss after SO tamponade showed a small scotoma within the central 2° on microperimetry. Duration of SO tamponade was the only statistically significant factor related to the incidence of unexplained visual loss (P = 0.001)., Conclusion: Incidence of SO-related visual loss was 30% with duration of tamponade as the only risk factor. This study is the first to apply microperimetry in these patients, which showed a distinct pattern of a small central scotoma. Therefore, microperimetry can be of great value in the diagnostic workup of patients with unexplained visual loss after vitrectomy.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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7. Detection of choroid- and retina-antigen reactive CD8(+) and CD4(+) T lymphocytes in the vitreous fluid of patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy.
- Author
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Kuiper JJ, Rothova A, Schellekens PA, Ossewaarde-van Norel A, Bloem AC, and Mutis T
- Subjects
- Autoantigens pharmacology, Birdshot Chorioretinopathy, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes drug effects, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes drug effects, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, Chorioretinitis immunology, Choroid chemistry, Choroid immunology, Complex Mixtures pharmacology, Female, Gene Expression, HLA-A Antigens genetics, HLA-A Antigens immunology, Humans, Immunophenotyping, Interferon-gamma genetics, Interferon-gamma immunology, Middle Aged, Primary Cell Culture, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta genetics, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta immunology, Retina chemistry, Retina immunology, Th1-Th2 Balance, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha genetics, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha immunology, Vitreous Body immunology, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes pathology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes pathology, Chorioretinitis pathology, Choroid pathology, Retina pathology, Vitreous Body pathology
- Abstract
Birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR), a progressive form of non-infectious uveitis, is the strongest HLA-associated disease described to date, with >95% of the patients displaying HLA-A29. Since indirect evidence indicates the involvement of T cells in the etiopathology of the disease, we now isolated, cultured and analyzed the vitreous fluid-infiltrating T cells from two BSCR patients with respect to their phenotype, cytokine profile, clonal distribution and antigen specificity. Phenotypic analyses revealed the predominant presence of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in vitreous fluid. Further analyses on short term expanded and cloned T cells suggested that eye-infiltrating T cells generally displayed a Th1 like cytokine profile with secretion of high levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α. In one patient an oligoclonal CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell infiltration, with a moderate to strongly skewed TCR Vβ usage was suggestive for an antigen driven infiltration/expansion. Indeed, a number of intraocular CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells responded to crude retinal and choroidal lysates. These results, which demonstrate for the first time the existence of eye-antigen-specific T cells in the vitreous fluid of BSCR patients, substantiate the current view on the role of eye-antigen specific T cells in the etiopathology of BSCR., (Copyright © 2014 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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8. Congenital posterior pole cataract and adult onset dilating cardiomyopathy: expanding the phenotype of αB-crystallinopathies.
- Author
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van der Smagt JJ, Vink A, Kirkels JH, Nelen M, ter Heide H, Molenschot MM, Weger RA, Schellekens PA, Hoogendijk J, and Dooijes D
- Subjects
- Adult, Age of Onset, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated epidemiology, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated pathology, Cataract congenital, Female, Genes, Dominant, Humans, Pedigree, alpha-Crystallin B Chain metabolism, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated genetics, Cataract genetics, alpha-Crystallin B Chain genetics
- Abstract
Mutations in the αB-crystallin gene (CRYAB) have been reported in desmin-related myopathies, with or without cardiac involvement. Mutations in this gene have also been documented in large multi-generation families with autosomal dominant congenital posterior pole cataract (CPPC). In these congenital cataract families no cardiac or muscular phenotype was reported. This report describes a family with an unusual read-through mutation in CRYAB, leading to the elongation of the normal αB-crystallin protein with 19 amino acid residues. Affected family members combine a CPPC with an adult onset dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), thereby expanding the αB-crystallinopathy phenotype. Repolarisation abnormalities preceded the onset of cardiomyopathy and were already present in childhood. No skeletal myopathy was observed. This report illustrates that congenital cataract can be a prelude to more severe disease even outside the context of inborn errors of metabolism. The identification of a CRYAB mutation in this family supports the notion that mutations in this gene are a rare cause of genetically determined DCM. The combined congenital cataract/cardiomyopathy phenotype adds to our understanding of the complex phenotypic spectrum of αB-crystallinopathies., (© 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2014
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9. Diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy and aqueous analyses in patients with uveitis of unknown cause.
- Author
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Oahalou A, Schellekens PA, de Groot-Mijnes JD, and Rothova A
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- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Protozoan blood, Antibodies, Viral blood, Aqueous Humor immunology, Bacteriological Techniques, Female, Flow Cytometry, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Male, Middle Aged, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Retrospective Studies, Sensitivity and Specificity, Uveitis, Posterior drug therapy, Uveitis, Posterior microbiology, Visual Acuity, Vitreous Body immunology, Young Adult, Aqueous Humor microbiology, Eye Infections, Bacterial diagnosis, Eye Neoplasms diagnosis, Lymphoma diagnosis, Uveitis, Posterior diagnosis, Vitrectomy, Vitreous Body microbiology
- Abstract
Purpose: To compare the yield of diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with the yield of aqueous analyses in patients with uveitis of unknown cause., Methods: Seventy-five consecutive patients (84 eyes) with uveitis involving posterior eye segment who undergo a diagnostic PPV from 2005 through 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Vitreous specimens were simultaneously analyzed by microbiological culture, flow cytometry, and cytology as well as by polymerase chain reaction and for intraocular antibody production by Goldmann-Witmer coefficient. In 53 eyes, both aqueous and vitreous samples were assessed. The primary outcome measure was the comparison between vitreous and aqueous analyses., Results: Vitreous analysis was positive in 18 of 84 eyes (21%). Positive results indicated infectious uveitis in 12 of 18 cases (67%) and lymphoma in 6 of 18 (33%) cases. Of the 53 eyes with both aqueous and vitreous samples available, aqueous analysis revealed the diagnosis in 6 of 53 eyes and vitreous in 9 of 53 eyes. Unilateral uveitis (P = 0.022), panuveitis and uveitis posterior (P ≤ 0.001), preoperative immunosuppressive therapy (P = 0.004), and increasing age (P = 0.018) were associated with an increased diagnostic yield of PPV. Overall, 1 year after PPV, median visual acuity improved from 20/200 to 20/80 (Snellen, P ≤ 0.001). Of 18 patients who were on immunosuppressive treatment before PPV, 8 (44%) were able to stop immunosuppressive therapy during 1-year follow-up. The complications of PPV consisted predominantly of cataract development (33/65, 51%)., Conclusion: Diagnostic PPV with the analysis of vitreous fluid by multiple laboratories for infectious and malignant disorders was useful in diagnosing uveitis of unknown cause. Previous aqueous analysis was especially valuable for the diagnosis of intraocular infections and may therefore decrease the number of patients who would otherwise undergo an invasive diagnostic PPV. Furthermore, PPV was associated with improved visual acuity and decreased use of immunosuppressive therapy.
- Published
- 2014
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10. Intraocular biomarker identification in uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
- Author
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Kalinina Ayuso V, de Boer JH, Byers HL, Coulton GR, Dekkers J, de Visser L, van Loon AM, Schellekens PA, Rothova A, and de Groot-Mijnes JD
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Biomarkers metabolism, Cataract metabolism, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Glaucoma metabolism, Humans, Infant, Male, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, Young Adult, Aqueous Humor metabolism, Arthritis, Juvenile complications, Arthritis, Juvenile metabolism, Proteomics, Uveitis diagnosis, Uveitis etiology, Uveitis metabolism
- Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the presence of biomarkers in aqueous humor (AH) from patients with uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)., Methods: AH (N = 73) AND SERUM (N = 105) SAMPLES FROM 116 CHILDREN WERE ANALYZED USING SURFACE ENHANCED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY (SELDI-TOF MS)., The Samples Were Divided Into the Following Groups: JIA, silent chronic anterior uveitis (AU), other uveitis entities, and noninflammatory controls. Statistical biomarker identification was performed using the SELDI-ToF Biomarker Analysis Cluster Wizard followed by multivariate statistical analysis. Biochemical identification of biomarkers was performed by polyacrylamide gel protein separation, followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. ELISA was performed in a number of AH samples representing all four study groups., Results: In the JIA group, one AH protein peak at mass/charge (m/z) 13,762 had qualitative and quantitative differences in expression compared with the other uveitis entities and the controls, but not to the group of silent chronic AU. Its quantitative expression in AH of patients with JIA and other silent chronic AU was positively associated with uveitis activity. The protein at m/z 13,762 in AH was identified as transthyretin (TTR). The TTR concentration in AH differed significantly between the study groups (P = 0.006) with considerably higher TTR concentrations in JIA and silent chronic AU samples positive for m/z 13,762 than those of the other uveitis and control groups., Conclusions: TTR is a potential intraocular biomarker of JIA- associated uveitis. Its role in the pathogenesis of silent chronic AU with and without arthritis needs further investigation.
- Published
- 2013
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11. Long-term ocular complications in aphakic versus pseudophakic eyes of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis.
- Author
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Sijssens KM, Los LI, Rothova A, Schellekens PA, van de Does P, Stilma JS, and de Boer HJ
- Subjects
- Cataract Extraction adverse effects, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Glaucoma etiology, Humans, Infant, Lenses, Intraocular, Macular Edema etiology, Male, Ocular Hypotension etiology, Papilledema etiology, Retrospective Studies, Aphakia complications, Arthritis, Juvenile complications, Lens Implantation, Intraocular adverse effects, Pseudophakia complications, Uveitis etiology
- Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the long-term follow-up of aphakic and pseudophakic eyes of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated uveitis with a special interest in whether intraocular lens implantation increases the risk of developing ocular complications., Methods: Data were obtained from the medical records of 29 children (48 eyes) with JIA-associated uveitis operated on for cataract before the age of 16 years from January 1990 up to and including March 2007. Main outcome measures were long-term postsurgical complications and visual acuity in aphakic and pseudophakic eyes of children with JIA-associated uveitis., Results: The number of complications after cataract extraction including new onset of ocular hypertension and secondary glaucoma, cystoid macular oedema and optic disc swelling did not differ between aphakic and pseudophakic eyes. Moreover, no hypotony, perilenticular membranes and phthisis were encountered in the pseudophakic group. Better visual acuity was observed in the pseudophakic eyes up to and including 7 years of follow-up (p=0.012 at 7 years of follow-up). No differences in the preoperative or adjuvant perioperative treatment with periocular or systemic corticosteroids were found between the two groups; however, significantly more children were treated with methotrexate in the pseudophakic group (p=0.006)., Conclusion: With maximum control of perioperative inflammation and intensive follow-up, the implantation of an intraocular lens in well-selected eyes of children with JIA-associated uveitis is not associated with an increased risk of ocular hypertension, secondary glaucoma, cystoid macular oedema and optic disc swelling and showed better visual results up to and including 7 years after cataract extraction.
- Published
- 2010
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12. Cytokines, chemokines and soluble adhesion molecules in aqueous humor of children with uveitis.
- Author
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Sijssens KM, Rijkers GT, Rothova A, Stilma JS, Schellekens PA, and de Boer JH
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- Adolescent, Arthritis, Juvenile complications, Arthritis, Juvenile immunology, Chemokines metabolism, Child, Child, Preschool, Eye Proteins metabolism, Female, Glucocorticoids therapeutic use, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Infant, Male, Methotrexate therapeutic use, Uveitis complications, Uveitis drug therapy, Aqueous Humor immunology, Cell Adhesion Molecules metabolism, Cytokines metabolism, Uveitis immunology
- Abstract
Uveitis in childhood is a visual threatening disease with a complication rate of more than 75%. Despite extensive research, the etiology of uveitis is still unclear although the general opinion is now that uveitis is a T-cell mediated disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the profile of cytokines, chemotactic cytokines (chemokines) and soluble adhesion molecules in the aqueous humor (AqH) of children with uveitis in order to identify the factors that control the immune response in the eye. In this clinical laboratory investigation we analyzed, with a multiplex immunoassay, 16 immune mediators in the AqH of 25 children with uveitis and 6 children without uveitis. Increased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-18, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, RANTES, IL-8 and interferon-inducible 10-kDa protein were found in the AqH of children with uveitis compared with controls. No significant differences were found for IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-12 p-70, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and Eotaxin. Lower levels of IL-10 and IL-8 were found in quiet stage uveitis (surgical) samples compared with active uveitis (diagnostic) samples and in samples of patients treated with methotrexate (MTX) compared with samples of patients not treated with MTX. Lower levels of IL-10 were as well found in samples taken during the first 3 months after the diagnosis of uveitis than samples taken later during the disease process. No significant differences were found between patients treated with or without topical or systemic (perioperative and long term) corticosteroids. In conclusion, in children with uveitis, multiple intraocular cytokines, chemokines and soluble adhesion molecules are increased in the AqH regardless of active or inactive inflammation. Whether the IL-8 and IL-10 levels in AqH of children with uveitis are correlated with uveitis activity, early or late phase of the course of the disease and systemic treatment with MTX needs further investigation in a bigger study population.
- Published
- 2007
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