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77 results on '"Schelhaas, M.-J."'

1. The global biogeography of tree leaf form and habit

Author

Ma, H., Crowther, T., Mo, L., Maynard, D., Renner, S., van den Hoogen, J., Zou, Y., Liang, J., de-Miguel, S., Nabuurs, G.-J., Reich, P., Niinemets, Ü., Abegg, M., Adou Yao, Y., Alberti, G., Almeyda Zambrano, A., Alvarado, B., Alvarez-Dávila, E., Alvarez-Loayza, P., Alves, L., Ammer, C., Antón-Fernández, C., Araujo-Murakami, A., Arroyo, L., Avitabile, V., Aymard, G., Baker, T., Bałazy, R., Banki, O., Barroso, J., Bastian, M., Bastin, J.-F., Birigazzi, L., Birnbaum, P., Bitariho, R., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Bouriaud, O., Brancalion, P., Brandl, S., Brearley, F., Brienen, R., Broadbent, E., Bruelheide, H., Bussotti, F., Cazzolla Gatti, R., César, R., Cesljar, G., Chazdon, R., Chen, H., Chisholm, C., Cho, H., Cienciala, E., Clark, C., Clark, D., Colletta, G., Coomes, D., Valverde, F., Corral-Rivas, J., Crim, P., Cumming, J., Dayanandan, S., de Gasper, A., Decuyper, M., Derroire, G., DeVries, B., Djordjevic, I., Dolezal, J., Dourdain, A., Engone Obiang, N., Enquist, B., Eyre, T., Fandohan, A., Fayle, T., Feldpausch, T., Ferreira, L., Finér, L., Fischer, M., Fletcher, C., Fridman, J., Frizzera, L., Gamarra, J., Gianelle, D., Glick, H., Harris, D., Hector, A., Hemp, A., Hengeveld, G., Hérault, B., Herbohn, J., Herold, M., Hillers, A., Honorio Coronado, E., Hui, C., Ibanez, T., Amaral, I., Imai, N., Jagodziński, A., Jaroszewicz, B., Johannsen, V., Joly, C., Jucker, T., Jung, I., Karminov, V., Kartawinata, K., Kearsley, E., Kenfack, D., Kennard, D., Kepfer-Rojas, S., Keppel, G., Khan, M., Killeen, T., Kim, H., Kitayama, K., Köhl, M., Korjus, H., Kraxner, F., Kucher, D., Laarmann, D., Lang, M., Lewis, S., Lu, H., Lukina, N., Maitner, B., Malhi, Y., Marcon, E., Marimon, B., Marimon-Junior, B., Marshall, A., Martin, E., Meave, J., Melo-Cruz, O., Mendoza, C., Merow, C., Monteagudo Mendoza, A., Moreno, V., Mukul, S., Mundhenk, P., Nava-Miranda, M., Neill, D., Neldner, V., Nevenic, R., Ngugi, M., Niklaus, P., Oleksyn, J., Ontikov, P., Ortiz-Malavasi, E., Pan, Y., Paquette, A., Parada-Gutierrez, A., Parfenova, E., Park, M., Parren, M., Parthasarathy, N., Peri, P., Pfautsch, S., Phillips, O., Picard, N., Piedade, M., Piotto, D., Pitman, N., Mendoza-Polo, I., Poulsen, A., Poulsen, J., Pretzsch, H., Ramirez Arevalo, F., Restrepo-Correa, Z., Rodeghiero, M., Rolim, S., Roopsind, A., Rovero, F., Rutishauser, E., Saikia, P., Salas-Eljatib, C., Saner, P., Schall, P., Schelhaas, M.-J., Shchepashchenko, D., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schmid, B., Schöngart, J., Searle, E., Seben, V., Serra-Diaz, J., Sheil, D., Shvidenko, A., Silva-Espejo, J., Silveira, M., Singh, J., Sist, P., Slik, F., Sonké, B., Souza, A., Miścicki, S., Stereńczak, K., Svenning, J.-C., Svoboda, M., Swanepoel, B., Targhetta, N., Tchebakova, N., ter Steege, H., Thomas, R., Tikhonova, E., Umunay, P., Usoltsev, V., Valencia, R., Valladares, F., van der Plas, F., Van Do, T., van Nuland, M., Vasquez, R., Verbeeck, H., Viana, H., Vibrans, A., Vieira, S., von Gadow, K., Wang, H.-F., Watson, J., Werner, G., Westerlund, B., Wiser, S., Wittmann, F., Woell, H., Wortel, V., Zagt, R., Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T., Zhang, C., Zhao, X., Zhou, M., Zhu, Z.-X., Zo-Bi, I., Zohner, C., Ma, H., Crowther, T., Mo, L., Maynard, D., Renner, S., van den Hoogen, J., Zou, Y., Liang, J., de-Miguel, S., Nabuurs, G.-J., Reich, P., Niinemets, Ü., Abegg, M., Adou Yao, Y., Alberti, G., Almeyda Zambrano, A., Alvarado, B., Alvarez-Dávila, E., Alvarez-Loayza, P., Alves, L., Ammer, C., Antón-Fernández, C., Araujo-Murakami, A., Arroyo, L., Avitabile, V., Aymard, G., Baker, T., Bałazy, R., Banki, O., Barroso, J., Bastian, M., Bastin, J.-F., Birigazzi, L., Birnbaum, P., Bitariho, R., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Bouriaud, O., Brancalion, P., Brandl, S., Brearley, F., Brienen, R., Broadbent, E., Bruelheide, H., Bussotti, F., Cazzolla Gatti, R., César, R., Cesljar, G., Chazdon, R., Chen, H., Chisholm, C., Cho, H., Cienciala, E., Clark, C., Clark, D., Colletta, G., Coomes, D., Valverde, F., Corral-Rivas, J., Crim, P., Cumming, J., Dayanandan, S., de Gasper, A., Decuyper, M., Derroire, G., DeVries, B., Djordjevic, I., Dolezal, J., Dourdain, A., Engone Obiang, N., Enquist, B., Eyre, T., Fandohan, A., Fayle, T., Feldpausch, T., Ferreira, L., Finér, L., Fischer, M., Fletcher, C., Fridman, J., Frizzera, L., Gamarra, J., Gianelle, D., Glick, H., Harris, D., Hector, A., Hemp, A., Hengeveld, G., Hérault, B., Herbohn, J., Herold, M., Hillers, A., Honorio Coronado, E., Hui, C., Ibanez, T., Amaral, I., Imai, N., Jagodziński, A., Jaroszewicz, B., Johannsen, V., Joly, C., Jucker, T., Jung, I., Karminov, V., Kartawinata, K., Kearsley, E., Kenfack, D., Kennard, D., Kepfer-Rojas, S., Keppel, G., Khan, M., Killeen, T., Kim, H., Kitayama, K., Köhl, M., Korjus, H., Kraxner, F., Kucher, D., Laarmann, D., Lang, M., Lewis, S., Lu, H., Lukina, N., Maitner, B., Malhi, Y., Marcon, E., Marimon, B., Marimon-Junior, B., Marshall, A., Martin, E., Meave, J., Melo-Cruz, O., Mendoza, C., Merow, C., Monteagudo Mendoza, A., Moreno, V., Mukul, S., Mundhenk, P., Nava-Miranda, M., Neill, D., Neldner, V., Nevenic, R., Ngugi, M., Niklaus, P., Oleksyn, J., Ontikov, P., Ortiz-Malavasi, E., Pan, Y., Paquette, A., Parada-Gutierrez, A., Parfenova, E., Park, M., Parren, M., Parthasarathy, N., Peri, P., Pfautsch, S., Phillips, O., Picard, N., Piedade, M., Piotto, D., Pitman, N., Mendoza-Polo, I., Poulsen, A., Poulsen, J., Pretzsch, H., Ramirez Arevalo, F., Restrepo-Correa, Z., Rodeghiero, M., Rolim, S., Roopsind, A., Rovero, F., Rutishauser, E., Saikia, P., Salas-Eljatib, C., Saner, P., Schall, P., Schelhaas, M.-J., Shchepashchenko, D., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Schmid, B., Schöngart, J., Searle, E., Seben, V., Serra-Diaz, J., Sheil, D., Shvidenko, A., Silva-Espejo, J., Silveira, M., Singh, J., Sist, P., Slik, F., Sonké, B., Souza, A., Miścicki, S., Stereńczak, K., Svenning, J.-C., Svoboda, M., Swanepoel, B., Targhetta, N., Tchebakova, N., ter Steege, H., Thomas, R., Tikhonova, E., Umunay, P., Usoltsev, V., Valencia, R., Valladares, F., van der Plas, F., Van Do, T., van Nuland, M., Vasquez, R., Verbeeck, H., Viana, H., Vibrans, A., Vieira, S., von Gadow, K., Wang, H.-F., Watson, J., Werner, G., Westerlund, B., Wiser, S., Wittmann, F., Woell, H., Wortel, V., Zagt, R., Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T., Zhang, C., Zhao, X., Zhou, M., Zhu, Z.-X., Zo-Bi, I., and Zohner, C.

Abstract

Understanding what controls global leaf type variation in trees is crucial for comprehending their role in terrestrial ecosystems, including carbon, water and nutrient dynamics. Yet our understanding of the factors influencing forest leaf types remains incomplete, leaving us uncertain about the global proportions of needle-leaved, broadleaved, evergreen and deciduous trees. To address these gaps, we conducted a global, ground-sourced assessment of forest leaf-type variation by integrating forest inventory data with comprehensive leaf form (broadleaf vs needle-leaf) and habit (evergreen vs deciduous) records. We found that global variation in leaf habit is primarily driven by isothermality and soil characteristics, while leaf form is predominantly driven by temperature. Given these relationships, we estimate that 38% of global tree individuals are needle-leaved evergreen, 29% are broadleaved evergreen, 27% are broadleaved deciduous and 5% are needle-leaved deciduous. The aboveground biomass distribution among these tree types is approximately 21% (126.4 Gt), 54% (335.7 Gt), 22% (136.2 Gt) and 3% (18.7 Gt), respectively. We further project that, depending on future emissions pathways, 17-34% of forested areas will experience climate conditions by the end of the century that currently support a different forest type, highlighting the intensification of climatic stress on existing forests. By quantifying the distribution of tree leaf types and their corresponding biomass, and identifying regions where climate change will exert greatest pressure on current leaf types, our results can help improve predictions of future terrestrial ecosystem functioning and carbon cycling.

Published
2023
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2. The consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for the European Union and United Kingdom: 1990–2020

Author

McGrath, M.J., Petrescu, A.M.R., Peylin, P., Andrew, R.M., Matthews, B., Dentener, F., Balkovič, J., Bastrikov, V., Becker, M., Broquet, G., Ciais, P., Fortems-Cheiney, A., Ganzenmüller, R., Grassi, G., Harris, I., Jones, M., Knauer, J., Kuhnert, M., Monteil, G., Munassar, S., Palmer, P.I., Peters, G.P., Qiu, C., Schelhaas, M.-J., Tarasova, O., Vizzarri, M., Winkler, K., Balsamo, G., Berchet, A., Briggs, P., Brockmann, P., Chevallier, F., Conchedda, G., Crippa, M., Dellaert, S.N.C., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., Filipek, S., Friedlingstein, P., Fuchs, R., Gauss, M., Gerbig, C., Guizzardi, D., Günther, D., Houghton, R.A., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Lauerwald, R., Lerink, B., Luijkx, I.T., Moulas, G., Muntean, M., Nabuurs, G.-J., Paquirissamy, A., Perugini, L., Peters, W., Pilli, R., Pongratz, J., Regnier, P., Scholze, M., Serengil, Y., Smith, P., Solazzo, E., Thompson, R.L., Tubiello, F.N., Vesala, T., Walther, S., McGrath, M.J., Petrescu, A.M.R., Peylin, P., Andrew, R.M., Matthews, B., Dentener, F., Balkovič, J., Bastrikov, V., Becker, M., Broquet, G., Ciais, P., Fortems-Cheiney, A., Ganzenmüller, R., Grassi, G., Harris, I., Jones, M., Knauer, J., Kuhnert, M., Monteil, G., Munassar, S., Palmer, P.I., Peters, G.P., Qiu, C., Schelhaas, M.-J., Tarasova, O., Vizzarri, M., Winkler, K., Balsamo, G., Berchet, A., Briggs, P., Brockmann, P., Chevallier, F., Conchedda, G., Crippa, M., Dellaert, S.N.C., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C., Filipek, S., Friedlingstein, P., Fuchs, R., Gauss, M., Gerbig, C., Guizzardi, D., Günther, D., Houghton, R.A., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Lauerwald, R., Lerink, B., Luijkx, I.T., Moulas, G., Muntean, M., Nabuurs, G.-J., Paquirissamy, A., Perugini, L., Peters, W., Pilli, R., Pongratz, J., Regnier, P., Scholze, M., Serengil, Y., Smith, P., Solazzo, E., Thompson, R.L., Tubiello, F.N., Vesala, T., and Walther, S.

Abstract

Quantification of land surface–atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2) and their trends and uncertainties is essential for monitoring progress of the EU27+UK bloc as it strives to meet ambitious targets determined by both international agreements and internal regulation. This study provides a consolidated synthesis of fossil sources (CO2 fossil) and natural (including formally managed ecosystems) sources and sinks over land (CO2 land) using bottom-up (BU) and top-down (TD) approaches for the European Union and United Kingdom (EU27+UK), updating earlier syntheses (Petrescu et al., 2020, 2021). Given the wide scope of the work and the variety of approaches involved, this study aims to answer essential questions identified in the previous syntheses and understand the differences between datasets, particularly for poorly characterized fluxes from managed and unmanaged ecosystems. The work integrates updated emission inventory data, process-based model results, data-driven categorical model results, and inverse modeling estimates, extending the previous period 1990–2018 to the year 2020 to the extent possible. BU and TD products are compared with the European national greenhouse gas inventory (NGHGI) reported by parties including the year 2019 under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The uncertainties of the EU27+UK NGHGI were evaluated using the standard deviation reported by the EU member states following the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and harmonized by gap-filling procedures. Variation in estimates produced with other methods, such as atmospheric inversion models (TD) or spatially disaggregated inventory datasets (BU), originate from within-model uncertainty related to parameterization as well as structural differences between models. By comparing the NGHGI with other approaches, key sources of differences between estimates arise primarily in activities. System boundaries and emission categorie

Published
2023
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3. 7e Nederlandse Bosinventarisatie: een gemengde boodschap

Author

Lerink, B., Schelhaas, M.-J., Clerkx, S., Teeuwen, S., Oldenburger, J., Beerkens, G., Lerink, B., Schelhaas, M.-J., Clerkx, S., Teeuwen, S., Oldenburger, J., and Beerkens, G.

Abstract

Tussen 2017 en 2021 is de 7e Nederlandse Bosinventarisatie uitgevoerd. Er zijn 3.197 steekproefpunten bezocht en meer dan 80.000 bomen gemeten. Het bos wordt steeds gemengder; er zijn voor het eerst meer loof- dan naaldbomen gemeten. De staande voorraad neemt nog steeds toe en het bos blijft netto CO2 vastleggen. Tegelijkertijd zijn de effecten van de droogte in 2018-2020 zichtbaar in de afname van de groei en een verdubbeling in de sterfte.

Published
2022

4. Data for the consolidated European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for EU27 and UK: 1990-2020

Author

McGrath, M., Petrescu, A., Peylin, P., Andrew, R., Matthews, B., Dentener, F., Balkovič, J., Bastrikov, V., Becker, M., Broquet, G., Ciais, P., Fortems, A., Ganzenmüller, R., Grassi, G., Harris, I., Jones, M., Knauer, J., Kuhnert, M., Monteil, G., Munassar, S., Palmer, P., Peters, G., Qiu, C., Schelhaas, M.-J., Tarasova, O., Vizzarri, M., Winkler, K., Balsamo, G., Berchet, A., Briggs, P., Brockmann, P., Chevallier, F., Conchedda, G., Crippa, M., Dellaert, S., Denier van der Gon, H., Filipek, S., Friedlingstein, P., Fuchs, R., Gauss, M., Gerbig, C., Guizzardi, D., Günther, D., Houghton, R., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Lauerwald, R., Lerink, B., Luijkx, I., Moulas, G., Muntean, M., Nabuurs, G.-J., Paquirissamy, A., Perugini, L., Peters, W., Pilli, R., Pongratz, J., Regnier, P., Scholze, M., Serengil, Y., Smith, P., Solazzo, E., Thompson, R., Tubiello, F., Vesala, T., Walther, S., McGrath, M., Petrescu, A., Peylin, P., Andrew, R., Matthews, B., Dentener, F., Balkovič, J., Bastrikov, V., Becker, M., Broquet, G., Ciais, P., Fortems, A., Ganzenmüller, R., Grassi, G., Harris, I., Jones, M., Knauer, J., Kuhnert, M., Monteil, G., Munassar, S., Palmer, P., Peters, G., Qiu, C., Schelhaas, M.-J., Tarasova, O., Vizzarri, M., Winkler, K., Balsamo, G., Berchet, A., Briggs, P., Brockmann, P., Chevallier, F., Conchedda, G., Crippa, M., Dellaert, S., Denier van der Gon, H., Filipek, S., Friedlingstein, P., Fuchs, R., Gauss, M., Gerbig, C., Guizzardi, D., Günther, D., Houghton, R., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Lauerwald, R., Lerink, B., Luijkx, I., Moulas, G., Muntean, M., Nabuurs, G.-J., Paquirissamy, A., Perugini, L., Peters, W., Pilli, R., Pongratz, J., Regnier, P., Scholze, M., Serengil, Y., Smith, P., Solazzo, E., Thompson, R., Tubiello, F., Vesala, T., and Walther, S.

Abstract

The annual carbon dioxide fluxes used to create all graphs in the main text of McGrath et al, "European synthesis of CO2 emissions and removals for EU27 and UK: 1990-2020", submitted to Earth System Science Data.

Published
2022

5. A comprehensive framework for assessing the accuracy and uncertainty of global above-ground biomass maps

Author

Araza, A., de Bruin, S., Herold, M., Quegan, S., Labriere, N., Rodriguez-Veiga, P., Avitabile, V., Santoro, M., Mitchard, E.T.A., Ryan, C.M., Phillips, O.L., Willcock, S., Verbeeck, H., Carreiras, J., Hein, L., Schelhaas, M.-J., Pacheco-Pascagaza, A.M., da Conceição Bispo, P., Laurin, G.V., Vieilledent, G., Slik, F., Wijaya, A., Lewis, S.L., Morel, A., Liang, J., Sukhdeo, H., Shchepashchenko, D., Cavlovic, J., Gilani, H., Lucas, R., Araza, A., de Bruin, S., Herold, M., Quegan, S., Labriere, N., Rodriguez-Veiga, P., Avitabile, V., Santoro, M., Mitchard, E.T.A., Ryan, C.M., Phillips, O.L., Willcock, S., Verbeeck, H., Carreiras, J., Hein, L., Schelhaas, M.-J., Pacheco-Pascagaza, A.M., da Conceição Bispo, P., Laurin, G.V., Vieilledent, G., Slik, F., Wijaya, A., Lewis, S.L., Morel, A., Liang, J., Sukhdeo, H., Shchepashchenko, D., Cavlovic, J., Gilani, H., and Lucas, R.

Abstract

Over the past decade, several global maps of above-ground biomass (AGB) have been produced, but they exhibit significant differences that reduce their value for climate and carbon cycle modelling, and also for national estimates of forest carbon stocks and their changes. The number of such maps is anticipated to increase because of new satellite missions dedicated to measuring AGB. Objective and consistent methods to estimate the accuracy and uncertainty of AGB maps are therefore urgently needed. This paper develops and demonstrates a framework aimed at achieving this. The framework provides a means to compare AGB maps with AGB estimates from a global collection of National Forest Inventories and research plots that accounts for the uncertainty of plot AGB errors. This uncertainty depends strongly on plot size, and is dominated by the combined errors from tree measurements and allometric models (inter-quartile range of their standard deviation (SD) = 30–151 Mg ha−1). Estimates of sampling errors are also important, especially in the most common case where plots are smaller than map pixels (SD = 16–44 Mg ha−1). Plot uncertainty estimates are used to calculate the minimum-variance linear unbiased estimates of the mean forest AGB when averaged to 0.1∘. These are used to assess four AGB maps: Baccini (2000), GEOCARBON (2008), GlobBiomass (2010) and CCI Biomass (2017). Map bias, estimated using the differences between the plot and 0.1∘ map averages, is modelled using random forest regression driven by variables shown to affect the map estimates. The bias model is particularly sensitive to the map estimate of AGB and tree cover, and exhibits strong regional biases. Variograms indicate that AGB map errors have map-specific spatial correlation up to a range of 50–104 km, which increases the variance of spatially aggregated AGB map estimates compared to when pixel errors are independent. After bias adjustment, total pantropical AGB and its associated SD are derived for the f

Published
2022

6. Nederlandse bos op de kaart

Author

Schelhaas, M.-J., Arets, E., Baren, S. van, Lerink, B., Filipek, S., Kramer, H., Los, S., Schelhaas, M.-J., Arets, E., Baren, S. van, Lerink, B., Filipek, S., Kramer, H., and Los, S.

Abstract

Mede naar aanleiding van eerdere commotie over de afname van het bosareaal in Nederland heeft het ministerie van LNV de bossenstrategie opgesteld, waarin gestreefd wordt naar 10% meer bos in 2030. Is daar al iets van te zien in de cijfers? In dit artikel bespreken we de stand van het bosareaal vanuit de nationale klimaatmonitoring van de sector landgebruik en bosbouw. Dit kan ook dienst doen als een ijkpunt voor de monitoring van de doelstelling voor de bossenstrategie.

Published
2021

9. Climatic controls of decomposition drive the global biogeography of forest-tree symbioses

Author

Steidinger, B. S., Crowther, T. W., Liang, J., Van Nuland, M. E., Werner, G. D. A., Reich, P. B., Nabuurs, G., de-Miguel, S., Zhou, M., Picard, N., Herault, B., Karminov, V., Sist, P., Targhetta, N., Tchebakova, N., Steege, H., Johannsen, V., Iêda, A., Alvarez-Loayza, P., Thomas, R., Bastin, J. -F., Ibanez, T., Tikhonova, E., Umunay, P., Dayanandan, S., Imai, N., Derroire, G., Usoltsev, V. A., Valladares, F., van der Plas, F., Dourdain, A., Van Do, T., Abegg, M., Enquist, B., Vasquez Martinez, R., Verbeeck, H., Joly, C. A., Viana, H., Alves, L. F., Jagodzinski, A. M., Vieira, S., Ngugi, M., de Gasper, A. L., Keppel, G., Obiang, N. L. E., Neldner, V., von Gadow, K., Wang, H. -F., Watson, J., Westerlund, B., Wiser, S., Wittmann, F., Wortel, V., Khan, M. L., Kraxner, F., Jucker, T., Zagt, R., Birigazzi, L., Ortiz-Malavasi, E., Baker, T., Birnbaum, P., Bitariho, R., Kartawinata, K., Niklaus, P., Kennard, D., Laarmann, D., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Bouriaud, O., Kim, H. S., Silveira, M., Köhl, M., Brancalion, P. H. S., Brandl, S., Brearley, F. Q., Brienen, R., Lang, M., Broadbent, E., Bruelheide, H., Oleksyn, J., Bussotti, F., Searle, E., Nevenic, R., Kearsley, E., Schmid, B., Kitayama, K., Cazzolla Gatti, R., Zhang, C., Cesar, R., Cesljar, G., Chazdon, R., Chen, H. Y. H., Chisholm, C., Cienciala, E., Park, M., Ontikov, P., Clark, C. J., Eyre, T., Sonké, B., Clark, D., Sheil, D., DeVries, B., Fandohan, A. B., Fayle, T. M., Feldpausch, T. R., Seben, V., Parren, M., Kepfer-Rojas, S., Finér, L., Lewis, S., Fischer, M., Fletcher, C., Pan, Y., Almeyda Zambrano, A., Parada-Gutierrez, A., Fridman, J., Frizzera, L., Gamarra, J. G. P., Parthasarathy, N., Gianelle, D., Pfautsch, S., Glick, H. B., Harris, D., Serra-Diaz, J. M., Hector, A., Zhao, X., Schöngart, J., Hemp, A., Zhu, Z. -X., Paquette, A., Peri, P. L., Zawila-Niedzwiecki, T., Hengeveld, G., Herbohn, J., Herold, M., Hillers, A., Honorio, Coronado, E. N., Huber, M., Hui, C., Slik, F., Salas-Eljatib, C., Cho, H., Lu, H., Araujo-Murakami, A., Korjus, H., Lukina, N., Maitner, B., Shvidenko, A., Zo-Bi, I. C., Singh, J., Malhi, Y., Marcon, E., Marimon, B. S., Souza, A. F., Decuyper, M., Svenning, J. -C., Marimon-Junior, B. H., Marshall, A. R., Martin, E., Routh, D., Martynenko, O., Meave, J. A., Melo-Cruz, O., Coomes, D., Silva-Espejo, J., Ammer, C., Colletta, G., Stereńczak, K., Mendoza, C., Merow, C., Monteagudo Mendoza, A., Moreno, V., Mukul, S. A., Mundhenk, P., Nava-Miranda, M. G., Antón-Fernández, C., Bałazy, R., Peay, K. G., Phillips, O., Neill, D., Cumming, J., Parfenova, E., Piedade, M. T., Piotto, D., Adou Yao, C. Y., Cornejo Valverde, F., Alvarez-Davila, E., Banki, O., Pitman, N. C. A., Polo, I., Poorter, L., Arroyo, L., Kenfack, D., Aymard, G., Poulsen, A. D., Poulsen, J. R., Pretzsch, H., Ramirez Arevalo, F., Barroso, J., Restrepo-Correa, Z., Rodeghiero, M., Corral-Rivas, J. J., Rolim, S., Jaroszewicz, B., Condit, R., Alberti, G., Jung, I., Avitabile, V., Roopsind, A., Bastian, M., Rovero, F., Rutishauser, E., Saikia, P., Saner, P., Schall, P., Schelhaas, M. -J., Djordjevic, I., Crim, P., Schepaschenko, D., Svoboda, M., Killeen, T., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Steidinger, B. S., Crowther, T. W., Liang, J., Van Nuland, M. E., Werner, G. D. A., Reich, P. B., Nabuurs, G., de-Miguel, S., Zhou, M., Picard, N., Herault, B., Karminov, V., Sist, P., Targhetta, N., Tchebakova, N., Steege, H., Johannsen, V., Iêda, A., Alvarez-Loayza, P., Thomas, R., Bastin, J. -F., Ibanez, T., Tikhonova, E., Umunay, P., Dayanandan, S., Imai, N., Derroire, G., Usoltsev, V. A., Valladares, F., van der Plas, F., Dourdain, A., Van Do, T., Abegg, M., Enquist, B., Vasquez Martinez, R., Verbeeck, H., Joly, C. A., Viana, H., Alves, L. F., Jagodzinski, A. M., Vieira, S., Ngugi, M., de Gasper, A. L., Keppel, G., Obiang, N. L. E., Neldner, V., von Gadow, K., Wang, H. -F., Watson, J., Westerlund, B., Wiser, S., Wittmann, F., Wortel, V., Khan, M. L., Kraxner, F., Jucker, T., Zagt, R., Birigazzi, L., Ortiz-Malavasi, E., Baker, T., Birnbaum, P., Bitariho, R., Kartawinata, K., Niklaus, P., Kennard, D., Laarmann, D., Boeckx, P., Bongers, F., Bouriaud, O., Kim, H. S., Silveira, M., Köhl, M., Brancalion, P. H. S., Brandl, S., Brearley, F. Q., Brienen, R., Lang, M., Broadbent, E., Bruelheide, H., Oleksyn, J., Bussotti, F., Searle, E., Nevenic, R., Kearsley, E., Schmid, B., Kitayama, K., Cazzolla Gatti, R., Zhang, C., Cesar, R., Cesljar, G., Chazdon, R., Chen, H. Y. H., Chisholm, C., Cienciala, E., Park, M., Ontikov, P., Clark, C. J., Eyre, T., Sonké, B., Clark, D., Sheil, D., DeVries, B., Fandohan, A. B., Fayle, T. M., Feldpausch, T. R., Seben, V., Parren, M., Kepfer-Rojas, S., Finér, L., Lewis, S., Fischer, M., Fletcher, C., Pan, Y., Almeyda Zambrano, A., Parada-Gutierrez, A., Fridman, J., Frizzera, L., Gamarra, J. G. P., Parthasarathy, N., Gianelle, D., Pfautsch, S., Glick, H. B., Harris, D., Serra-Diaz, J. M., Hector, A., Zhao, X., Schöngart, J., Hemp, A., Zhu, Z. -X., Paquette, A., Peri, P. L., Zawila-Niedzwiecki, T., Hengeveld, G., Herbohn, J., Herold, M., Hillers, A., Honorio, Coronado, E. N., Huber, M., Hui, C., Slik, F., Salas-Eljatib, C., Cho, H., Lu, H., Araujo-Murakami, A., Korjus, H., Lukina, N., Maitner, B., Shvidenko, A., Zo-Bi, I. C., Singh, J., Malhi, Y., Marcon, E., Marimon, B. S., Souza, A. F., Decuyper, M., Svenning, J. -C., Marimon-Junior, B. H., Marshall, A. R., Martin, E., Routh, D., Martynenko, O., Meave, J. A., Melo-Cruz, O., Coomes, D., Silva-Espejo, J., Ammer, C., Colletta, G., Stereńczak, K., Mendoza, C., Merow, C., Monteagudo Mendoza, A., Moreno, V., Mukul, S. A., Mundhenk, P., Nava-Miranda, M. G., Antón-Fernández, C., Bałazy, R., Peay, K. G., Phillips, O., Neill, D., Cumming, J., Parfenova, E., Piedade, M. T., Piotto, D., Adou Yao, C. Y., Cornejo Valverde, F., Alvarez-Davila, E., Banki, O., Pitman, N. C. A., Polo, I., Poorter, L., Arroyo, L., Kenfack, D., Aymard, G., Poulsen, A. D., Poulsen, J. R., Pretzsch, H., Ramirez Arevalo, F., Barroso, J., Restrepo-Correa, Z., Rodeghiero, M., Corral-Rivas, J. J., Rolim, S., Jaroszewicz, B., Condit, R., Alberti, G., Jung, I., Avitabile, V., Roopsind, A., Bastian, M., Rovero, F., Rutishauser, E., Saikia, P., Saner, P., Schall, P., Schelhaas, M. -J., Djordjevic, I., Crim, P., Schepaschenko, D., Svoboda, M., Killeen, T., and Scherer-Lorenzen, M.

Abstract

The identity of the dominant root-associated microbial symbionts in a forest determines the ability of trees to access limiting nutrients from atmospheric or soil pools 1,2 , sequester carbon 3,4 and withstand the effects of climate change 5,6 . Characterizing the global distribution of these symbioses and identifying the factors that control this distribution are thus integral to understanding the present and future functioning of forest ecosystems. Here we generate a spatially explicit global map of the symbiotic status of forests, using a database of over 1.1 million forest inventory plots that collectively contain over 28,000 tree species. Our analyses indicate that climate variables—in particular, climatically controlled variation in the rate of decomposition—are the primary drivers of the global distribution of major symbioses. We estimate that ectomycorrhizal trees, which represent only 2% of all plant species 7 , constitute approximately 60% of tree stems on Earth. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis dominates forests in which seasonally cold and dry climates inhibit decomposition, and is the predominant form of symbiosis at high latitudes and elevation. By contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal trees dominate in aseasonal, warm tropical forests, and occur with ectomycorrhizal trees in temperate biomes in which seasonally warm-and-wet climates enhance decomposition. Continental transitions between forests dominated by ectomycorrhizal or arbuscular mycorrhizal trees occur relatively abruptly along climate-driven decomposition gradients; these transitions are probably caused by positive feedback effects between plants and microorganisms. Symbiotic nitrogen fixers—which are insensitive to climatic controls on decomposition (compared with mycorrhizal fungi)—are most abundant in arid biomes with alkaline soils and high maximum temperatures. The climatically driven global symbiosis gradient that we document provides a spatially explicit quantitative understanding of microbial sym, 33Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA. 34Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation, Mbarara University of Sciences and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda. 35Isotope Bioscience Laboratory - ISOFYS, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. 36Integrated Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Advanced Materials, Nanotechnologies, and Distributed Systems for Fabrication and Control (MANSiD), Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania. 37Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil. 38Bavarian State Institute of Forestry, Freising, Germany. 39Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK. 40Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany. 41German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 42Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forest (DAGRI), University of Firenze, Florence, Italy. 43Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia. 44Department of Spatial Regulation, GIS and Forest Policy, Institute of Forestry, Belgrade, Serbia. 45Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. 46Tropical Forests and People Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia. 47Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada. 48Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China. 49Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland. 50IFER - Institute of Forest Ecosystem Research, Jilove u Prahy, Czech Republic. 51Global Change Research Institute CAS, Brno, Czech Republic. 52Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. 53Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St Loui

Published
2019

10. Gereedschapskist Klimaatslim Bos- en Natuurbeheer: handvatten voor beheerders

Author

Lerink, B., Schelhaas, M.-J., Nabuurs, G.-J., Ouden, J. den, Boosten, M., Kremers, J., Lerink, B., Schelhaas, M.-J., Nabuurs, G.-J., Ouden, J. den, Boosten, M., and Kremers, J.

Abstract

In het Nederlandse Klimaatakkoord heeft elke sector een opgave gekregen voor CO2-uitstoot en -vastlegging. Voor de sector bos, natuur en hout is afgesproken dat jaarlijks een additionele 0,4-0,8 megaton CO2 moet worden vastgelegd. In 2030 zou dit doel voor het eerst bereikt moeten worden. Maar wat is hiervoor nodig? Wat kan of moet een beheerder doen, wat kost dat en hoeveel CO2 leggen we dan vast? De website Gereedschapskist Klimaatslim Bos- en Natuurbeheer geeft antwoord op deze vragen en presenteert handvatten voor beheerders voor het uitvoeren van klimaatslimme bos- en natuurbeheermaatregelen.

Published
2019

11. Species mixing effects on forest productivity A case study at stand-, species- and tree-level in the Netherlands

Author

Sterck, Frank [0000-0001-7559-6572], Lu, H., Mohren, G. M. J., Río, Miren del, Schelhaas, M. J., Bouwman, M., Sterck, Frank, Sterck, Frank [0000-0001-7559-6572], Lu, H., Mohren, G. M. J., Río, Miren del, Schelhaas, M. J., Bouwman, M., and Sterck, Frank

Abstract

Many monoculture forests have been converted to mixed-species forests in Europe over the last decades. The main reasons for this conversion were probably to increase productivity, including timber production, and enhance other ecosystem services, such as conservation of biodiversity and other nature values. This study was done by synthesizing results from studies carried out in Dutch mixed forests compared with monoculture stands and evaluating them in the perspective of the current theory. Then we explored possible mechanisms of higher productivity in mixed stands, in relation to the combination of species, stand age and soil fertility, and discussed possible consequences of forest management. The study covered five two-species mixtures and their corresponding monoculture stands from using long-term permanent forest plots over multiple decades as well as two inventories (around 2003 and 2013) across the entire Netherlands. These forest plot data were used together with empirical models at total stand level, species level and tree level. Overyielding in Douglas-fir–beech and pine–oak mixtures was maintained over time, probably owing to the intensive thinning and was achieved on the poorer soils. However, this overyielding was not always driven by fast-growing light-demanding species. On individual tree level, intra-specific competition was not necessarily stronger than inter-specific competition and this competitive reduction was less seen at lower soil fertility and dependent on species mixtures. Moreover, size-asymmetric competition for light was more associated with tree basal area growth than size-symmetric competition for soil resources. Overall, this study suggests a substantial potential of species mixing for increasing productivity and implies developing forest management strategies to convert monospecific forests to mixed-species forests that consider the complementarity in resource acquisition of tree species.

Published
2018

12. Species and soil effects on overyielding of tree species mixtures in the Netherlands

Author

Condés, Sonia [0000-0002-4438-8305], Den Ouden, Jan [0000-0003-1518-2460], Sterck, Frank [0000-0001-7559-6572], Lu, H., Condés, Sonia, Río, Miren del, Goudiaby, V., Den Ouden, Jan, Mohren, G. M. J., Schelhaas, M. J., de Waal, R., Sterck, Frank, Condés, Sonia [0000-0002-4438-8305], Den Ouden, Jan [0000-0003-1518-2460], Sterck, Frank [0000-0001-7559-6572], Lu, H., Condés, Sonia, Río, Miren del, Goudiaby, V., Den Ouden, Jan, Mohren, G. M. J., Schelhaas, M. J., de Waal, R., and Sterck, Frank

Abstract

A growing number of studies provides evidence that mixed-species forests often have higher stand productivity than monospecific forests, which is referred to as overyielding. In this study, we explored how the combination of species and soil conditions affect overyielding in terms of periodic annual volume increment (PAIV) in Dutch forests. We studied Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) growing in four two species combinations (Douglas-fir–common beech, Scots pine–pedunculate oak, pedunculate oak–common beech, and pedunculate oak–silver birch) from 398 long-term permanent field plots all over the Netherlands. We found that the Douglas-fir–common beech and Scots pine–pedunculate oak mixtures always showed overyielding. This overyielding was largely attributed to the Douglas-fir in the former mixture and to the pedunculate oak in the latter mixture, respectively. In both cases, overyielding was stronger at poor soils than at rich soils. The pedunculate oak–common beech mixtures overyielded at poor soils and underyielded at rich soils, which was attributed to the response of the common beech. Overyielding was not observed for the pedunculate oak–silver birch mixtures, irrespective of soil conditions. The results do not support our hypothesis since overyielding was not always driven by fast-growing light-demanding species. Overyielding was stronger for evergreen–deciduous species combinations, suggesting that differences in leaf phenology are a major driver of overyielding. Secondly, our results imply that overyielding is much stronger at poor soils than at rich soils, which is in line with the prediction of the stress-gradient hypothesis. We conclude that the growth of one species benefits from the admixture species, particularly in evergreen–deciduous species mixtures and that soils affect the extent of overyie

Published
2018

13. Meer hout uit het Nederlandse bos

Author

Schelhaas, M.-J., Clerkx, S., Schoonderwoerd, H., Daamen, W., Oldenburger, J., Schelhaas, M.-J., Clerkx, S., Schoonderwoerd, H., Daamen, W., and Oldenburger, J.

Abstract

De vraag naar hout stijgt, maar dat vertaalt zich vooralsnog niet naar een grotere oogst in de Nederlandse bossen. Deels komt dat omdat het niet past bij de doelstelling van sommige bossen. Maar deels ligt het waarschijnlijk ook aan een gebrek aan interesse bij kleine boseigenaren.

Published
2018

14. Timing of the compensation of winter respiratory carbon losses provides explanatory power for net ecosystem productivity of forests

Author

Haeni, M., Zweifel, R., Eugster, W., Gessler, A., Zielis, S., Bernhofer, C., Carrara, A., Grünwald, T., Havránková, K., Heinesch, B., Herbst, M., Ibrom, Andreas, Knohl, A., Lagergren, F., Law, B. E., Marek, M., Matteucci, G., McCaughey, J. H., Minerbi, S., Montagnani, L., Moors, E., Olejnik, J., Pavelka, M., Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, G., Rodrigues, A., Sanz Sánchez, M. J., Schelhaas, M.-J., Urbaniak, M., Valentini, R., Varlagin, A., Vesala, T., Vincke, C., Wu, J., and Buchmann, N.

Subjects
SDG 13 - Climate Action
Abstract

Accurate predictions of net ecosystem productivity (NEPc) of forest ecosystems are essential for climate change decisions and requirements in the context of national forest growth and greenhouse gas inventories. However, drivers and underlying mechanisms determining NEPc (e.g. climate, nutrients) are not entirely understood yet, particularly when considering the influence of past periods.Here we explored the explanatory power of the compensation day (cDOY) —defined as the day of year when winter net carbon losses are compensated by spring assimilation— for NEPc in 26 forests in Europe, North America, and Australia, using different NEPc integration methods.We found cDOY to be a particularly powerful predictor for NEPc of temperate evergreen needle-leaf forests (R2 = 0.58) and deciduous broadleaf forests (R2 = 0.68). In general, the latest cDOY correlated with the lowest NEPc. The explanatory power of cDOY depended on the integration method for NEPc, forest type, and whether the site had a distinct winter net respiratory carbon loss or not. The integration methods starting in autumn led to better predictions of NEPc from cDOY then the classical calendar method starting at January 1. Limited explanatory power of cDOY for NEPc was found for warmer sites with no distinct winter respiratory loss period.Our findings highlight the importance of the influence of winter processes and the delayed responses of previous seasons’ climatic conditions on current year's NEPc. Such carry-over effects may contain information from climatic conditions, carbon storage levels and hydraulic traits of several years back in time.

Published
2017
Full Text
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15. Chapter 3. Weather- and climate-related natural hazards in Europe

Author

KURNIK B, VAN DER LINDEN P, MYSIAK J, SWART R, FÜSSEL H-M, CHRISTIANSEN T, CAVICCHIA L, GUALDI S, MERCOGLIANO P, RIANNA G, KRAMER K, MICHETTI M, SALIS M, SCHELHAAS M-J, LEITNER M, VANNEUVILLE W, and MACADAM I

Abstract

The chapter analyzes the impacts of weather and climate-related natural hazards in Europe

Published
2017

16. Winter respiratory C losses provide explanatory power for net ecosystem productivity

Author

Haeni, M., Zweifel, R., Eugster, W., Gessler, A., Zielis, S., Bernhofer, C., Carrara, A., Gruenwald, T., Havrankova, K., Heinesch, B., Herbst, M., Ibrom, A., Knohl, A., Lagergren, F., Law, B. E., Marek, M., Matteucci, G., Mccaughey, J. H., Minerbi, S., Montagnani, L., Moors, E., Olejnik, J., Marian Pavelka, Pilegaard, K., Pita, G., Rodrigues, A., Sanz Sanchez, M. J., Schelhaas, M. -J, Urbaniak, M., Valentini, R., Varlagin, A., Vesala, T., Vincke, C., Wu, J., Buchmann, N., Earth and Climate, Department of Physics, Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences), Department of Forest Sciences, and Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles

Subjects
LEAF CHARACTERISTICS, 4112 Forestry, CO2 exchange, CO exchange, SPACEBORNE IMAGING SPECTROSCOPY, 114 Physical sciences, growing season length, TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST, BEECH FAGUS-SYLVATICA, Carbon sink, Carbon source, Eddy covariance, Growing season length, Winter respiration, carbon sink, STEM RADIUS CHANGES, carbon source, eddy covariance, winter respiration, MIXEDWOOD BOREAL FOREST, SDG 13 - Climate Action, WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE, CARBON UPTAKE, INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY, PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY, 1172 Environmental sciences
Abstract

Accurate predictions of net ecosystem productivity (NEPc) of forest ecosystems are essential for climate change decisions and requirements in the context of national forest growth and greenhouse gas inventories. However, drivers and underlying mechanisms determining NEPc (e.g., climate and nutrients) are not entirely understood yet, particularly when considering the influence of past periods. Here we explored the explanatory power of the compensation day (cDOY)—defined as the day of year when winter net carbon losses are compensated by spring assimilation—for NEPc in 26 forests in Europe, North America, and Australia, using different NEPc integration methods. We found cDOY to be a particularly powerful predictor for NEPc of temperate evergreen needleleaf forests (R2 = 0.58) and deciduous broadleaf forests (R2 = 0.68). In general, the latest cDOY correlated with the lowest NEPc. The explanatory power of cDOY depended on the integration method for NEPc, forest type, and whether the site had a distinct winter net respiratory carbon loss or not. The integration methods starting in autumn led to better predictions of NEPc from cDOY then the classical calendar method starting 1 January. Limited explanatory power of cDOY for NEPc was found for warmer sites with no distinct winter respiratory loss period. Our findings highlight the importance of the influence of winter processes and the delayed responses of previous seasons' climatic conditions on current year's NEPc. Such carry-over effects may contain information from climatic conditions, carbon storage levels, and hydraulic traits of several years back in time.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Winter respiratory C losses provide explanatory power for net ecosystem productivity

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Haeni, M, Zweifel, R, Eugster, W, Gessler, W, Zielis, S, Bernhofer, C, Carrara, A, Grundwald, T, Havrankova, K, Heinesch, B, Herbst, M, Ibrom, A, Knohl, A, Lagergren, F, Law, F, Marek, M, Matteuci, G, McCaughey, J H., Minerbi, S, Montagnani, L, Moors, E, Olejnik, J, Pavelka, M, Pilegaard, K, Pita, G, Rodrigues, A, Sanz Sanchez, M.J., Schelhaas, M.-J, Urbaniak, M, Valentini, R, Valargin, A, Vesala, T, Vincke, Caroline, Wu, J, Buchmann, N, UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences, Haeni, M, Zweifel, R, Eugster, W, Gessler, W, Zielis, S, Bernhofer, C, Carrara, A, Grundwald, T, Havrankova, K, Heinesch, B, Herbst, M, Ibrom, A, Knohl, A, Lagergren, F, Law, F, Marek, M, Matteuci, G, McCaughey, J H., Minerbi, S, Montagnani, L, Moors, E, Olejnik, J, Pavelka, M, Pilegaard, K, Pita, G, Rodrigues, A, Sanz Sanchez, M.J., Schelhaas, M.-J, Urbaniak, M, Valentini, R, Valargin, A, Vesala, T, Vincke, Caroline, Wu, J, and Buchmann, N

Published
2017

18. Forest Resource Projection Tools at the European Level

Author

Barreiro, S., Schelhaas, M.-J., McRoberts, R.E., Kändler, G., Nabuurs, G.-J., Verkerk, P.J., Hengeveld, G., Packalen, T., Sallnäs, O., Pilli, R., Grassi, G., Forsell, N., Frank, S., Gusti, M., Havlik, P., Barreiro, S., Schelhaas, M.-J., McRoberts, R.E., Kändler, G., Nabuurs, G.-J., Verkerk, P.J., Hengeveld, G., Packalen, T., Sallnäs, O., Pilli, R., Grassi, G., Forsell, N., Frank, S., Gusti, M., and Havlik, P.

Abstract

Many countries have developed their own systems for projecting forest resources and wood availability. Although studies using these tools are helpful for developing national policies, they do not provide a consistent assessment for larger regions such as the European Union or Europe as a whole. Individual national-scale studies differ considerably in timing, underlying methodology and scenarios, and reports are not issued for all countries in the region. However, a clear demand for consistent projections at European scale still remains. This chapter describes the resource simulators and forest sector models EFISCEN, EFDM, CBM-CFS3, and GLOBIOM/G4M that can all be applied to individual European countries, as well as to Europe as a whole.

Published
2017

19. Nederlandse bos als bron van CO2

Author

Schelhaas, M.-J., Arets, E., Kramer, H., Schelhaas, M.-J., Arets, E., and Kramer, H.

Abstract

Door natuurontwikkeling, verstedelijking en het verdwijnen van tijdelijke bossen is het bosareaal in Nederland de laatste jaren met 5.400 ha afgenomen. Ontbossing speelt daarmee een belangrijke rol in de landelijke CO2-balans van bossen.

Published
2017

20. Positive Biodiversity–Productivity Relationship Predominant in Global Forests

Author

Liang, J, Crowther, TW, Picard, N, Wiser, S, Zhou, M, Alberti, G, Schulze, E-D, McGuire, AD, Bozzato, F, Pretzsch, H, de-Miguel, S, Paquette, A, Hérault, B, Scherer-Lorenzen, M, Barrett, CB, Glick, HB, Hengeveld, GM, Nabuurs, GJ, Pfautsch, S, Viana, H, Vibrans, AC, Ammer, C, Schall, P, Verbyla, D, Tchebakova, N, Fischer, M, Watson, JV, Chen, HYH, Lei, X, Schelhaas, M-J, Lu, H, Gianelle, D, Parfenova, EI, Salas, C, Lee, E, Lee, B, Kim, HS, Bruelheide, H, Coomes, DA, Piotto, D, Sunderland, T, Schmid, B, Gourlet-Fleury, S, Sonké, B, Tavani, R, Zhu, J, Brandl, S, Vayreda, J, Kitahara, F, Searle, EB, Neldner, VJ, Ngugi, MR, Baraloto, B, Frizzera, L, Bałazy, R, Oleksyn, J, Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T, Bouriaud, O, Bussotti, F, Finér, L, Jaroszewicz, B, Jucker, T, Valladares, V, Jagodzinski, AM, Peri, PL, Gonmadje, C, Marthy, W, O'Brien, T, Martin, EH, Marshall, AR, Rovero, F, Bitariho, R, Niklaus, PA, Alvarez-Loayza, P, Chamuya, N, Valencia, R, Mortier, F, Wortel, V, Engone-Obiang, NL, Ferreira, LV, Odeke, DE, Vasquez, RM, Lewis, SL, and Reich, PB

Abstract

The biodiversity–productivity relationship (BPR) is foundational to our understanding of the global extinction crisis and its impacts on ecosystem functioning. Understanding BPR is critical for the accurate valuation and effective conservation of biodiversity. Using ground-sourced data from 777,126 permanent plots, spanning 44 countries and most terrestrial biomes, we reveal a globally consistent positive concave-down BPR, whereby a continued biodiversity loss would result in an accelerating decline in forest productivity worldwide. The value of biodiversity in maintaining forest productivity—US$396–579 billion per year according to our estimation—is by itself over five times greater than the total cost of effective global conservation. This highlights the need for a worldwide re-assessment of biodiversity values, forest management strategies, and conservation priorities.

Published
2016

22. Overview of methods and tools for evaluating future woody biomass availability in European countries

Author

Gschwantner, Thomas [0000-0001-9043-6884], Condés, Sonia [0000-0002-4438-8305], Nord-Larsen, Thomas [0000-0002-5341-6435], Barreiro, Susana, Schelhaas, M. J., Kändler, G., Antón-Fernández, Clara, Colin, A., Bontemps, J. D., Alberdi, Iciar, Condés, Sonia, Dumitru, Marius, Ferezliev, A., Fischer, Christoph, Gasparini, P., Gschwantner, Thomas, Kindermann, G., Kjartansson, B T., Kovacsevics, Pál, Kucera, Milos, Lundström, A., Marin, Gheorghe, Mozgeris, G., Nord-Larsen, Thomas, Packalen, T., Redmond, John, Sacchelli, S., Sims, Allan, Snorrason, A., Stoyanov, N., Thürig, E., Wikberg, P. E., Gschwantner, Thomas [0000-0001-9043-6884], Condés, Sonia [0000-0002-4438-8305], Nord-Larsen, Thomas [0000-0002-5341-6435], Barreiro, Susana, Schelhaas, M. J., Kändler, G., Antón-Fernández, Clara, Colin, A., Bontemps, J. D., Alberdi, Iciar, Condés, Sonia, Dumitru, Marius, Ferezliev, A., Fischer, Christoph, Gasparini, P., Gschwantner, Thomas, Kindermann, G., Kjartansson, B T., Kovacsevics, Pál, Kucera, Milos, Lundström, A., Marin, Gheorghe, Mozgeris, G., Nord-Larsen, Thomas, Packalen, T., Redmond, John, Sacchelli, S., Sims, Allan, Snorrason, A., Stoyanov, N., Thürig, E., and Wikberg, P. E.

Abstract

Key message This analysis of the tools and methods currently in use for reporting woody biomass availability in 21 European countries has shown that most countries use, or are developing, National Forest Inventory-oriented models whereas the others use standwise forest inventory--oriented methods. Context Knowledge of realistic and sustainable wood availability in Europe is highly relevant to define climate change mitigation strategies at national and European level, to support the development of realistic targets for increased use of renewable energy sources and of industry wood. Future scenarios at European level highlight a deficit of domestic wood supply compared to wood consumption, and some European countries state they are harvesting above the increment. Aims Several country-level studies on wood availability have been performed for international reporting. However, it remains essential to improve the knowledge on the projection methods used across Europe to better evaluate forecasts. Methods Analysis was based on descriptions supplied by the national correspondentsinvolved in USEWOOD COST Action (FP1001), and further enriched with additionaldata from international reports that allowedcharacterisation of the forests in these countries for the same base year. Results Methods currently used for projecting wood availability were described for 21 European countries. Projection systems based on National Forest Inventory (NFI) data prevail over methods based on forest management plans. Only a few countries lack nationwide projection tools, still using tools developed for specific areas. Conclusions A wide range of NFI-based systems for projecting wood availability exists, being under permanent improvement. The validation of projection forecasts and the inclusion of climate sensitive growth models into these tools are common aims for most countries. Cooperation among countries would result in higher efficiency when developing and improving projection tools and bette

Published
2016

23. Reconstructing European forest management from 1600 to 2010

Author

UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, McGrath, M. J., Luyssaert, S., Meyfroidt, Patrick, Kaplan, J. O., Buergi, M., Chen, Y., Erb, K., Gimmi, U., McInerney, D., Naudts, K., Otto, J., Pasztor, F., Ryder, J., Schelhaas, M.-J., Valade, A., UCL - SST/ELI/ELIC - Earth & Climate, McGrath, M. J., Luyssaert, S., Meyfroidt, Patrick, Kaplan, J. O., Buergi, M., Chen, Y., Erb, K., Gimmi, U., McInerney, D., Naudts, K., Otto, J., Pasztor, F., Ryder, J., Schelhaas, M.-J., and Valade, A.

Abstract

European forest use for fuel, timber and food dates back to pre-Roman times. Century-scale ecological processes and their legacy effects require accounting for forest management when studying today's forest carbon sink. Forest management reconstructions that are used to drive land surface models are one way to quantify the impact of both historical and today's large scale application of forest management on today's forest-related carbon sink and surface climate. In this study we reconstruct European forest management from 1600 to 2010 making use of diverse approaches, data sources and assumptions. Between 1600 and 1828, a demand-supply approach was used in which wood supply was reconstructed based on estimates of historical annual wood increment and land cover reconstructions. For the same period demand estimates accounted for the fuelwood needed in households, wood used in food processing, charcoal used in metal smelting and salt production, timber for construction and population estimates. Comparing estimated demand and supply resulted in a spatially explicit reconstruction of the share of forests under coppice, high stand management and forest left unmanaged. For the reconstruction between 1829 and 2010 a supply-driven back-casting method was used. The method used age reconstructions from the years 1950 to 2010 as its starting point. Our reconstruction reproduces the most important changes in forest management between 1600 and 2010: (1) an increase of 593 000 km2 in conifers at the expense of deciduous forest (decreasing by 538 000 km2), (2) a 612 000 km2 decrease in unmanaged forest, (3) a 152 000 km2 decrease in coppice management, (4) a 818 000 km2 increase in high stand management, and (5) the rise and fall of litter raking which at its peak in 1853 removed 50 Tg dry litter per year.

Published
2015

24. Concepts and challenges in modelling natural disturbances in forest ecosystems

Author

Rupert Seidl, Fernandes, P. M., Fonseca, T. F., François Gillet, Jönsson, A. M., Merganicova, K., Netherer, S., Arpaci, A., Jean-Daniel Bontemps, Bugmann, H., Gonzalez-Olabarria, J. R., Lasch, P., Céline Meredieu, Moreira, F., Schelhaas, M. J., Mohren, F., Institute of Silviculture, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Efimed, EFIMED, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Institute of Agronomy, Technical University of Lisbon, European Project, Gillet, François, COST FP0603 - INCOMING, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), thèmeTCS, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Laboratoire des systèmes écologiques (ECOS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)-Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), and Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE)

Subjects
[SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012

25. Report on specific risk analysis in regional forests of Europe under various Forest Management Alternatives

Author

Jactel, Herve, Branco, Manuela, Grodzi, W., Jacquet, Jean-Sébastien, Moreira, Francisco, Netherer, Sigrid, Schelhaas, M.-J., Tomé, M., Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Commanditaire : EFORWOOD (France), and Type de commanditaire ou d'auteur de la saisine : Autres

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

The main objective of specific risk analyses conducted in EFORWOOD project is to develop and implement response functions and quantitative models to evaluate the effects of various levels of forest management - as defined in conceptual framework of FMAs in WP2.1- on the magnitude of damage in several European forests and regional case studies. Analyses focused on five major pests and abiotic hazards that cause two types of damage: tree mortality and reduction in tree growth. The modelling described in this report was based on the hypotheses that (i) FMAs have an effect on some forest stand characteristics (e.g. composition and structure); (ii) some stand characteristics drive susceptibility to damaging agents and hazards; and (iii) some damages result in wood volume loss through tree mortality and reduced tree growth. The report describes and discusses materials, methods and modelling results obtained for 6 specific cases combining 5 regions, 4 different tree species and 5 hazards resulting in wood volume loss.

Published
2011

26. Report on specific risk analysis in regional forests of Europe under various Forest Management Alternatives

Author

Branco, Manuela, Grodzi, W., Jacquet, Jean-Sébastien, Moreira, Francisco, Netherer, Sigrid, Schelhaas, M.-J., Tomé , M., and Jactel, Herve

Subjects
arbre forestier, forêt, organisation spatiale, europe, communauté écologique, biodiversité
Abstract

The main objective of specific risk analyses conducted in EFORWOOD project is to develop and implement response functions and quantitative models to evaluate the effects of various levels of forest management - as defined in conceptual framework of FMAs in WP2.1- on the magnitude of damage in several European forests and regional case studies. Analyses focused on five major pests and abiotic hazards that cause two types of damage: tree mortality and reduction in tree growth. The modelling described in this report was based on the hypotheses that (i) FMAs have an effect on some forest stand characteristics (e.g. composition and structure); (ii) some stand characteristics drive susceptibility to damaging agents and hazards; and (iii) some damages result in wood volume loss through tree mortality and reduced tree growth. The report describes and discusses materials, methods and modelling results obtained for 6 specific cases combining 5 regions, 4 different tree species and 5 hazards resulting in wood volume loss.

Published
2011

28. Reconstructing European forest management from 1600 to 2010

Author

McGrath, M. J., primary, Luyssaert, S., additional, Meyfroidt, P., additional, Kaplan, J. O., additional, Bürgi, M., additional, Chen, Y., additional, Erb, K., additional, Gimmi, U., additional, McInerney, D., additional, Naudts, K., additional, Otto, J., additional, Pasztor, F., additional, Ryder, J., additional, Schelhaas, M.-J., additional, and Valade, A., additional

Published
2015
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29. Forest summer albedo is sensitive to species and thinning: how should we account for this in Earth system models?

Author

Otto, J., primary, Berveiller, D., additional, Bréon, F.-M., additional, Delpierre, N., additional, Geppert, G., additional, Granier, A., additional, Jans, W., additional, Knohl, A., additional, Kuusk, A., additional, Longdoz, B., additional, Moors, E., additional, Mund, M., additional, Pinty, B., additional, Schelhaas, M.-J., additional, and Luyssaert, S., additional

Published
2014
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30. Bos en klimaatverandering

Author

Schelhaas, M.-J. and Schelhaas, M.-J.

Abstract

Powerpoint presentatie over veranderend bosbeheer als gevolg van veranderende weersomstandigheden

Published
2013

32. Long-term international impacts of nature-oriented forest management on European forests - an assessment with the EFISCEN model

Author

Nabuurs, G. J., Goede, D. M., Michie, B., Schelhaas, M. J., and Jan Wesseling

Subjects
Ecologie en Milieu, multifunctionaliteit, houtproductie, Wageningen Environmental Research, bosbeheer, natuurbehoud, Europa, bosbouw
Abstract

Forest management in Europe is changing towards a multi-functional approach in which the role of nature conservation and wood production are given equal prominence. This nature-oriented forest management will result in a very different European forest in 50-100 years time, changing felling options and assortments, not only within national borders, but also internationally through the intense trade in wood products within Europe. The state of forests was projected from 1990 to 2090 for 21 countries using the EFISCEN Model, with the countries being dynamically linked through trade flows of wood products, but with no trade outside Europe. It was found that incorporating the changes in management in 10 Central European countries leads to the area of deciduous species increasing by 2.2 million ha between 1990 and 2090, and an increase in the area of strict reserves of 3.9 million ha. The possibility of felling coniferous wood will be reduced by 19 million m 3 y -1 by 2090, but will not become noticeable until after 2045. In all European forests 76 million m 3 of dead wood will be produced annually by 2090. Total wood demand met in the simulations amounted to 430 million m 3 y -1 in 2090, far less than the scenario which assumed average growth of just over 1% per year. Nature-oriented management only partly explains the inability to meet the latter demand scenario. By 2090 forest management will be on the brink of becoming unsustainable in Scandinavia, the region that must cope with the extra demand from Central Europe.

Published
2002

33. A spatial assessment of ecosystem services in Europe: methods, case studies and policy analysis - phase 1

Author

Maes, J., Braat, L., Jax, Kurt, Hutchins, M., Furman, E., Termansen, M., Luque, S., Paracchini, M.L., Chauvin, C., Williams, R., Volk, Martin, Lautenbach, Sven, Kopperoinen, L., Schelhaas, M.-J., Weinert, Jens, Goossen, M., Dumont, E., Strauch, Michael ; orcid:0000-0002-9872-6904, Görg, Christoph, Dormann, Carsten, Kattwinkel, Mira, Zulian, G., Varjopuro, R., Ratamäki, O., Hauck, Jennifer, Forsius, M., Hengeveld, G., Perez-Soba, M., Bouraoui, F., Scholz, Mathias ; orcid:0000-0002-8463-9500, Schulz-Zunkel, Christiane, Lepistö, A., Polishchuk, Yuliana, Bidoglio, G., Maes, J., Braat, L., Jax, Kurt, Hutchins, M., Furman, E., Termansen, M., Luque, S., Paracchini, M.L., Chauvin, C., Williams, R., Volk, Martin, Lautenbach, Sven, Kopperoinen, L., Schelhaas, M.-J., Weinert, Jens, Goossen, M., Dumont, E., Strauch, Michael ; orcid:0000-0002-9872-6904, Görg, Christoph, Dormann, Carsten, Kattwinkel, Mira, Zulian, G., Varjopuro, R., Ratamäki, O., Hauck, Jennifer, Forsius, M., Hengeveld, G., Perez-Soba, M., Bouraoui, F., Scholz, Mathias ; orcid:0000-0002-8463-9500, Schulz-Zunkel, Christiane, Lepistö, A., Polishchuk, Yuliana, and Bidoglio, G.

Published
2011

35. Summertime canopy albedo is sensitive to forest thinning

Author

Otto, J., primary, Berveiller, D., additional, Bréon, F.-M., additional, Delpierre, N., additional, Geppert, G., additional, Granier, A., additional, Jans, W., additional, Knohl, A., additional, Kuusk, A., additional, Longdoz, B., additional, Moors, E., additional, Mund, M., additional, Pinty, B., additional, Schelhaas, M.-J., additional, and Luyssaert, S., additional

Published
2013
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36. Supplementary material to "Summertime canopy albedo is sensitive to forest thinning"

Author

Otto, J., primary, Berveiller, D., additional, Bréon, F.-M., additional, Delpierre, N., additional, Geppert, G., additional, Granier, A., additional, Jans, W., additional, Knohl, A., additional, Kuusk, A., additional, Longdoz, B., additional, Moors, E., additional, Mund, M., additional, Pinty, B., additional, Schelhaas, M.-J., additional, and Luyssaert, S., additional

Published
2013
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37. Environmental change impacts on the C- and N-cycle of European forests: a model comparison study

Author

Cameron, D. R., primary, Van Oijen, M., additional, Werner, C., additional, Butterbach-Bahl, K., additional, Grote, R., additional, Haas, E., additional, Heuvelink, G. B. M., additional, Kiese, R., additional, Kros, J., additional, Kuhnert, M., additional, Leip, A., additional, Reinds, G. J., additional, Reuter, H. I., additional, Schelhaas, M. J., additional, De Vries, W., additional, and Yeluripati, J., additional

Published
2013
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38. Increasing carbon sinks in European forests: effects of afforestation and changes in mean growing stock volume.

Author

Vilén, T., Cienciala, E., Schelhaas, M. J., Verkerk, P. J., Lindner, M., and Peltola, H.

Subjects
AFFORESTATION, CARBON cycle, FORESTS & forestry, FOREST management, FORESTRY research
Abstract

In Europe, both forest areaandgrowing stockhave increased since the 1950s,andEuropeanforestshave acted asa carbon sink during the last six decades. However, the contribution of different factors affecting the sink is not yet clear. In this study, historical inventory data were combined with land-use modelling data to reconstruct the development of forest area and age-structure between 1950 and 2010 without afforestation in two case study countries, Finland and the Czech Republic. These reconstructions were then used in a scenario analysis to assess the effects of afforestation, development of mean growing stock volume and age structure of forests on the forest biomass carbon stock. The results show that afforestation has affected the development of the mean age of forests, but has not changed its trend. There have been large increases in the mean volume of growing stock over the study period in both countries; the increase has occurred both in younger and older age-classes, and in both coniferous andbroadleaved species. As notmanycountries have sufficiently detailed inventory data available for such analysis, the presented case studies arevaluable indemonstrating that these changes occurred under very different circumstances. In both countries, the increase in the mean volume of growing stock has been the dominant factor explaining the increase in the forest biomass carbon stock compared with the effect of afforestation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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40. Environmental change impacts on the C- and N-cycle of European forests: a model comparison study

Author

Cameron, D. R., primary, Van Oijen, M., additional, Werner, C., additional, Butterbach-Bahl, K., additional, Haas, E., additional, Heuvelink, G. B. M., additional, Grote, R., additional, Kiese, R., additional, Kuhnert, M., additional, Kros, J., additional, Leip, A., additional, Reinds, G. J., additional, Reuter, H. I., additional, Schelhaas, M. J., additional, De Vries, W., additional, and Yeluripati, J., additional

Published
2012
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42. Carbon accumulation in European forests

Author

Ciais, P., primary, Schelhaas, M. J., additional, Zaehle, S., additional, Piao, S. L., additional, Cescatti, A., additional, Liski, J., additional, Luyssaert, S., additional, Le-Maire, G., additional, Schulze, E.-D., additional, Bouriaud, O., additional, Freibauer, A., additional, Valentini, R., additional, and Nabuurs, G. J., additional

Published
2008
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45. Summertime canopy albedo is sensitive to forest thinning.

Author

Otto, J., Berveiller, D., Bréon, F.-M., Delpierre, N., Geppert, G., Granier, A., Jans, W., Knohl, A., Kuusk, A., Longdoz, B., Moors, E., Mund, M., Pinty, B., Schelhaas, M.-J., and Luyssaert, S.

Subjects
FOREST thinning, FOREST canopies, ALBEDO, SUMMER, FOREST canopy gaps, PLANT species, FOREST management
Abstract

Despite an emerging body of literature linking canopy albedo to forest management, understanding of the process is still fragmented. We combined a stand-level forest gap model with a canopy radiation transfer model and satellite-derived model parameters to quantify the effects of forest thinning, that is removing trees at a certain time during the forest rotation, on summertime canopy albedo. The effects of different forest species (pine, beech, oak) and four thinning strategies (light to intense thinning regimes) were examined. During stand establishment, summertime canopy albedo is driven by tree species. In the later stages of stand development, the effect of tree species on summertime canopy albedo decreases in favour of an increasing influence of forest thinning on summertime canopy albedo. These trends continue until the end of the rotation where thinning explains up to 50% of the variance in near-infrared canopy albedo and up to 70% of the variance in visible canopy albedo. More intense thinning lowers the summertime shortwave albedo in the canopy by as much as 0.02 compared to unthinned forest. The structural changes associated with forest thinning can be described by the change in LAI in combination with crown volume. However, forests with identical canopy structure can have different summertime albedo values due to their location: the further north a forest is situated, the more the solar zenith angle increases and thus the higher is the summertime canopy albedo, independent of the wavelength. Despite the increase of absolute summertime canopy albedo values with latitude, the difference in canopy albedo between managed and unmanaged forest decreases with increasing latitude. Forest management thus strongly altered summertime forest albedo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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46. Environmental change impacts on the C- and N-cycle of European forests: a model comparison study.

Author

Cameron, D. R., Van Oijen, M., Werner, C., Butterbach-Bahl, K., Haas, E., Heuvelink, G. B. M., Grote, R., Kiese, R., Kuhnert, M., Kros, J., Leip, A., Reinds, G. J., Reuter, H. I., Schelhaas, M. J., De Vries, W., and Yeluripati, J.

Subjects
GLOBAL environmental change, ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis, CARBON cycle, NITROGEN cycle, FORESTS & forestry, COMPARATIVE studies
Abstract

Forests are important components of the greenhouse gas balance of Europe. There is considerable uncertainty about how predicted changes to climate and nitrogen deposition will perturb the carbon and nitrogen cycles of European forests and thereby alter forest growth, carbon sequestration and N2O emission. The present study aimed to quantify the carbon and nitrogen balance, including the exchange of greenhouse gases, of European forests over the period 2010-2030, with a particular emphasis on the spatial variability of change. The analysis was carried out for two tree species: European beech and Scots pine. For this purpose, four different dynamic models were used: BASFOR, Daily Day Cent, INTEGRATOR and Landscape-DNDC. These models span a range from semi-empirical to complex mechanistic. Comparison of these models allowed assessment of the extent to which model predictions depended on differences in model inputs and structure. We found a European average carbon sink of 0.160±0.020 kgCm-2 yr-1 (pine) and 0.138 ±0.062 kgCm-2 yr-1 (beech) and N2O source of 0.285 ±0.125 kgNha-1 yr-1 (pine) and 0.575 ±0.105 kgNha-1 yr-1 (beech). The European average greenhouse gas potential of the carbon source was 18 (pine) and 8 (beech) times that of the N2O source. Carbon sequestration was larger in the trees than in the soil. Carbon sequestration and forest growth were largest in central Europe and lowest in northern Sweden and Finland, N. Poland and S. Spain. No single driver was found to dominate change across Europe. Forests were found to be most sensitive to change in environmental drivers where the drivers were limiting growth, where changes were particularly large or where changes acted in concert. The models disagreed as to which environmental changes were most significant for the geographical variation in forest growth and as to which tree species showed the largest rate of carbon sequestration. Pine and beech forests were found to have differing sensitivities to environmental change, in particular the response to changes in nitrogen and precipitation, with beech forest more vulnerable to drought. There was considerable uncertainty about the geographical location of N2O emissions. Two of the models BASFOR and Landscape DNDC had largest emissions in central Europe where nitrogen deposition and soil nitrogen were largest whereas the two other models identified different regions with large N2O emission. N2O emissions were found to be larger from beech than pine forests and were found to be particularly sensitive to forest growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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47. The European carbon balance. Part 3: forests.

Author

LUYSSAERT, S., CIAIS, P., PIAO, S. L., SCHULZE, E.-D., JUNG, M., ZAEHLE, S., SCHELHAAS, M. J., REICHSTEIN, M., CHURKINA, G., PAPALE, D., ABRIL, G., BEER, C., GRACE, J., LOUSTAU, D., MATTEUCCI, G., MAGNANI, F., NABUURS, G. J., VERBEECK, H., SULKAVA, M., and van der WERF, G. R.

Subjects
ANALYSIS of covariance, BIOTIC communities, CARBON sequestration, GEOLOGICAL carbon sequestration, FOREST surveys, GREENHOUSE gas mitigation, CARBON offsetting, POLLUTION prevention
Abstract

We present a new synthesis, based on a suite of complementary approaches, of the primary production and carbon sink in forests of the 25 member states of the European Union (EU-25) during 1990–2005. Upscaled terrestrial observations and model-based approaches agree within 25% on the mean net primary production (NPP) of forests, i.e. 520±75 g C m−2 yr−1 over a forest area of 1.32 × 106 km2 to 1.55 × 106 km2 (EU-25). New estimates of the mean long-term carbon forest sink (net biome production, NBP) of EU-25 forests amounts 75±20 g C m−2 yr−1. The ratio of NBP to NPP is 0.15±0.05. Estimates of the fate of the carbon inputs via NPP in wood harvests, forest fires, losses to lakes and rivers and heterotrophic respiration remain uncertain, which explains the considerable uncertainty of NBP. Inventory-based assessments and assumptions suggest that 29±15% of the NBP (i.e., 22 g C m−2 yr−1) is sequestered in the forest soil, but large uncertainty remains concerning the drivers and future of the soil organic carbon. The remaining 71±15% of the NBP (i.e., 53 g C m−2 yr−1) is realized as woody biomass increments. In the EU-25, the relatively large forest NBP is thought to be the result of a sustained difference between NPP, which increased during the past decades, and carbon losses primarily by harvest and heterotrophic respiration, which increased less over the same period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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48. Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global forests

Author

Fischer, Markus, Ba Azy, R., Neldner, V. J., Lei, X., Picard, N., Crowther, T. W., Vayreda, J., OBrien, T., Valladares, F., Herault, B., Vibrans, A. C., Bitariho, R., Jucker, T., Piotto, D., Rovero, F., Pretzsch, H., Hengeveld, G. M., Alvarez-Loayza, P., Odeke, D. E., Lu, H., Ngugi, M. R., Watson, J. V., Schall, P., Vasquez, R. M., Paquette, A., Valencia, R., Peri, P. L., Tchebakova, N., Marshall, A. R., Schulze, E.-D., Zhu, J., Finer, L., Nabuurs, G.-J., Reich, P. B., Martin, E. H., Bruelheide, H., Viana, H., Oleksyn, J., Chamuya, N., Salas, C., Wiser, S., Liang, J., Schmid, B., Tavani, R., Ammer, C., Bozzato, F., Lee, E., Glick, H. B., Kim, H. S., Engone-Obiang, N. L., Pfautsch, S., Jagodzinski, A. M., Lewis, S. L., McGuire, A. D., Wortel, V., Zhou, M., Schelhaas, M.-J., De-Miguel, S., Brandl, S., Scherer-Lorenzen, M., Sunderland, T., Sonke, B., Bouriaud, O., Jaroszewicz, B., Alberti, G., Lee, B., Coomes, D. A., Verbyla, D., Gianelle, D., Gonmadje, C., Niklaus, P. A., Searle, E. B., Ferreira, L. V., Gourlet-Fleury, S., Marthy, W., Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, T., Mortier, F., Kitahara, F., Parfenova, E. I., Baraloto, C., Frizzera, L., Barrett, C. B., Bussotti, F., and Chen, H. Y. H.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 15. Life on land, 580 Plants (Botany)

49. Land use, climate and biogeochemical cycles: feedbacks and options for emission reduction

Author

Hutjes, R. W. A., A.J. Dolman, Nabuurs, G. J., Schelhaas, M. J., Ter Maat, H. W., Kabat, P., Moors, E., Huygen, J., Haarsma, R. J., Ronda, R. J., Schaeffer, M., Opsteegh, J. D., Leemans, R., Bouwman, L., Busch, G., Eickhout, B., Kreileman, E., Strenger, B., Vries, B., Verhagen, A., Vleeshouwers, L., Corre, W. J., Jongschaap, R. E. E., Kriseman, G., Ierland, E., Holtslag, A. A. M., Willemsen, F. H., Dorland, C., Tol, Richard S. J., Hydrology and Geo-environmental sciences, Chemistry and Biology, Environmental Policy Analysis, Environmental Economics, and Institute for Environmental Studies

Subjects
cycling, climatic change, milieu, Ecologie en Milieu, air pollution, broeikaseffect, land use, greenhouse effect, klimaatverandering, stikstofkringloop, landgebruik, milieuwetenschappen, emissie, biogeochemistry, klimaat, emission, koolstofkringloop, environmental sciences, luchtverontreiniging, climate, kringlopen, atmosfeer, biogeochemie

50. Vraag en aanbod rondhout; kansen en knelpunten 2005-2025

Author

Schelhaas, M.-J., Oosterbaan, A., Berg, C. vd, Schelhaas, M.-J., Oosterbaan, A., and Berg, C. vd

Abstract

Powerpointpresentatie over mogelijke knelpunten en kansen bij vraag en aanbod van rondhout in Nederland en aanliggend grensgebied.

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