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6. Antarctic ecosystems

Author

Scheiner, Samuel M., Convey, Peter, Biersma, Elisabeth Machteld, Scheiner, Samuel M., Convey, Peter, and Biersma, Elisabeth Machteld

Abstract

Terrestrial environments of Antarctica include some of the most extreme on Earth, challenging the very existence of life itself. This article outlines briefly the geological and biological history of the continent, leading on to the conditions currently experienced, before describing its terrestrial biogeography and biota. Major determinants of terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem function are discussed and consideration given to natural and human-induced processes of ecosystem development and change.

Published
2024

7. Threatened species: classification systems and their applications

Author

Scheiner, Samuel M., Duenas, Manuel-Angel, Miller, Rebecca M., Scheiner, Samuel M., Duenas, Manuel-Angel, and Miller, Rebecca M.

Abstract

Threatened species are those species most at risk of becoming extinct in the near future. Multiple systems have been created to classify species according to their extinction risk at national, regional and global levels. The resulting threatened species assessments can provide valuable insight into current biodiversity status and trends. Threatened species lists have become important tools for conservation and are widely influential in informing national and international conservation policies and priority-setting strategies, conservation planning and resource allocation, directing scientific research and generating public awareness of the mounting biodiversity crisis and its impact on human well-being.

Published
2024

10. Biodiversity and productivity in eastern US forests.

Author

Yunpeng Liu, Hogan, J. Aaron, Lichstein, Jeremy W., Guralnick, Robert P., Soltis, Douglas E., Soltis, Pamela S., and Scheiner, Samuel M.

Subjects
SPECIES diversity, PLANTATIONS, BIODIVERSITY, BIOMASS, SCIENTIFIC observation
Abstract

Despite experimental and observational studies demonstrating that biodiversity enhances primary productivity, the best metric for predicting productivity at broad geographic extents-functional trait diversity, phylogenetic diversity, or species richness-remains unknown. Using >1.8 million tree measurements from across eastern US forests, we quantified relationships among functional trait diversity, phylogenetic diversity, species richness, and productivity. Surprisingly, functional trait and phylogenetic diversity explained little variation in productivity that could not be explained by tree species richness. This result was consistent across the entire eastern United States, within ecoprovinces, and within data subsets that controlled for biomass or stand age. Metrics of functional trait and phylogenetic diversity that were independent of species richness were negatively correlated with productivity. This last result suggests that processes that determine species sorting and packing are likely important for the relationships between productivity and biodiversity. This result also demonstrates the potential confusion that can arise when interdependencies among different diversity metrics are ignored. Our findings show the value of species richness as a predictive tool and highlight gaps in knowledge about linkages between functional diversity and ecosystem functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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27. Paleoecology

Author

Gurevitch, Jessica, primary, Scheiner, Samuel M., additional, and Fox, Gordon A., additional

Published
2020
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