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7. A population pharmacokinetic model of polymyxin B based on prospective clinical data to inform dosing in hospitalized patients

Author

Hanafin, Patrick O., Kwa, Andrea, Zavascki, Alexandre P., Sandri, Ana Maria, Scheetz, Marc H., Kubin, Christine J., Shah, Jayesh, Cherng, Benjamin P.Z., Yin, Michael T., Wang, Jiping, Wang, Lu, Calfee, David P., Bolon, Maureen, Pogue, Jason M., Purcell, Anthony W., Nation, Roger L., Li, Jian, Kaye, Keith S., and Rao, Gauri G.

Published
2023
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11. Antimicrobial Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in critically ill adult patients -an international perspective on access, utilisation, and barriers.

Author

Williams, Paul, primary, Cotta, Menino Osbert, additional, Tabah, Alexis, additional, Sandaradura, Indy, additional, Kanji, Salmaan, additional, Scheetz, Marc H., additional, Imani, Sahand, additional, Elhadi, Muhammed, additional, Pardos, Sònia Luque, additional, Schellack, Natalie, additional, Sanches, Cristina, additional, Timsit, Jean Francois, additional, Xie, Jiao, additional, Farkas, Andras, additional, Wilks, Kathryn, additional, and Roberts, Jason A., additional

Published
2024
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13. Preventing the Post-Antibiotic Era by Training Future Pharmacists as Antimicrobial Stewards

Author

Gallagher, Jason C, Justo, Julie Ann, Chahine, Elias B, Bookstaver, P Brandon, Scheetz, Marc, Suda, Katie J, Fehrenbacher, Lynne, Klinker, Kenneth P, and MacDougall, Conan

Subjects
Antimicrobial Resistance, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Infectious Diseases, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Curriculum, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Education, Pharmacy, Humans, Pharmacists, Students, Pharmacy, antimicrobial stewardship, antimicrobial resistance, pharmacy curricula, interprofessional education, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Curriculum and Pedagogy, Education
Published
2018

16. Response to comment on “International consensus recommendations for the use of prolonged‐infusion β‐lactams endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF), the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), the Infectious Diseases Society of American (IDSA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists”

Author

Hong, Lisa T., primary, Downes, Kevin J., additional, FakhriRavari, Alireza, additional, Abdul‐Mutakabbir, Jacinda C., additional, Kuti, Joseph L., additional, Jorgensen, Sarah, additional, Young, David C., additional, Alshaer, Mohammad H., additional, Bassetti, Matteo, additional, Bonomo, Robert A., additional, Gilchrist, Mark, additional, Jang, Soo Min, additional, Lodise, Thomas, additional, Roberts, Jason A., additional, Tängdén, Thomas, additional, Zuppa, Athena, additional, and Scheetz, Marc H., additional

Published
2024
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20. Individual meropenem epithelial lining fluid and plasma PK/PD target attainment

Author

Rohani, Roxane, primary, Yarnold, Paul R., additional, Scheetz, Marc H., additional, Neely, Michael N., additional, Kang, Mengjia, additional, Donnelly, Helen K., additional, Dedicatoria, Kay, additional, Nozick, Sophie H., additional, Medernach, Rachel L., additional, Hauser, Alan R., additional, Ozer, Egon A., additional, Diaz, Estefani, additional, Misharin, Alexander V., additional, Wunderink, Richard G., additional, and Rhodes, Nathaniel J., additional

Published
2023
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22. 2560. Individual Meropenem Epithelial Lining Fluid and Plasma PK/PD Target Attainment in Patients with Pneumonia

Author

Rohani, Roxane, primary, Yarnold, Paul R, additional, Scheetz, Marc H, additional, Neely, Michael N, additional, Kang, Mengjia, additional, Donnelly, Helen K, additional, Dedicatoria, Kay, additional, Nozick, Sophia, additional, Medernach, Rachel, additional, Hauser, Alan R, additional, Ozer, Egon A, additional, Diaz, Estefani, additional, Misharin, Alexander V, additional, Wunderink, Richard G, additional, and Rhodes, Nathaniel J, additional

Published
2023
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28. Antimicrobial therapeutic drug monitoring in critically ill adult patients – An international perspective on access, utilisation, and barriers

Author

Brinkmann, Alexander, Ramanan, Mahesh, Koulenti, Despoina, Gurjar, Mohan, Sulaiman, Helmi, Shrestha, Gentle S., Cortegiani, Andrea, Crespo, Monica, Ling, Lowell, Abidi, Khalid, Schellongowski, Peter, Williams, Paul, Cotta, Menino Osbert, Tabah, Alexis, Sandaradura, Indy, Kanji, Salmaan, Scheetz, Marc H., Imani, Sahand, Elhadi, Muhammed, Pardos, Sònia Luque, Schellack, Natalie, Sanches, Cristina, Timsit, Jean Francois, Xie, Jiao, Farkas, Andras, Wilks, Kathryn, and Roberts, Jason A.

Published
2024
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29. Knowledge and Attitudes of Doctor of Pharmacy Students Regarding the Appropriate Use of Antimicrobials

Author

Justo, Julie Ann, Gauthier, Timothy P, Scheetz, Marc H, Chahine, Elias B, Bookstaver, P Brandon, Gallagher, Jason C, Hermsen, Elizabeth D, DePestel, Daryl D, Ernst, Erika J, Jacobs, David M, Esterly, John S, Suda, Katie J, Olsen, Keith M, Abbo, Lilian M, and MacDougall, Conan

Subjects
Antimicrobial Resistance, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Quality Education, Adult, Anti-Infective Agents, Attitude of Health Personnel, Cross-Sectional Studies, Drug Resistance, Drug Utilization, Female, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Humans, Inappropriate Prescribing, Male, Students, Pharmacy, Young Adult, antimicrobial stewardship, pharmacist, pharmacy student, education, survey, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

Pharmacists are key partners in antimicrobial stewardship efforts, yet their degree of education on and attitudes toward this topic during training are not well documented. An electronic survey measuring knowledge and attitudes regarding antimicrobial use and resistance was administered to graduating pharmacy students at 12 US schools of pharmacy. Of 1445 pharmacy students, 579 (40%) completed the survey. The vast majority (94%) believed that strong knowledge of antimicrobials was important for their pharmacy careers, and 89% desired more education on appropriate antimicrobial use. Most students (84%) considered their pharmacy education regarding antimicrobials useful or very useful, but there was significant variability on perceptions of preparation for most antimicrobial stewardship activities according to the students' school. The mean number of correct answers on a section of 11 knowledge questions was 5.8 (standard deviation 2.0; P value for score between schools

Published
2014

30. Flucloxacillin worsens while imipenem–cilastatin protects against vancomycin‐induced kidney injury in a translational rat model.

Author

Pais, Gwendolyn M., Marianski, Sylwia, Valdez, Kimberly, Melicor, Renz Paulo, Liu, Jiajun, Rohani, Roxane, Chang, Jack, Tong, Steven Y. C., Davis, Joshua S., and Scheetz, Marc H.

Subjects
IMIPENEM, KIDNEY injuries, ANIMAL disease models, ACUTE kidney failure, SPRAGUE Dawley rats
Abstract

Background and Purpose: Vancomycin is one of the most common clinical antibiotics, yet acute kidney injury is a major limiting factor. Common combinations of antibiotics with vancomycin have been reported to worsen and improve vancomycin‐induced kidney injury. We aimed to study the impact of flucloxacillin and imipenem–cilastatin on kidney injury when combined with vancomycin in our translational rat model. Experimental Approach: Male Sprague–Dawley rats received allometrically scaled (1) vancomycin, (2) flucloxacillin, (3) vancomycin + flucloxacillin, (4) vancomycin + imipenem–cilastatin or (5) saline for 4 days. Kidney injury was evaluated via drug accumulation and urinary biomarkers including urinary output, kidney injury molecule‐1 (KIM‐1), clusterin and osteopontin. Relationships between vancomycin accumulation in the kidney and urinary kidney injury biomarkers were explored. Key Results: Urinary output increased every study day for vancomycin + flucloxacillin, but after the first dose only in the vancomycin group. In the vancomycin + flucloxacillin group, urinary KIM‐1 increased on all days compared with vancomycin. In the vancomycin + imipenem–cilastatin group, urinary KIM‐1 was decreased on Days 1 and 2 compared with vancomycin. Similar trends were observed for clusterin. More vancomycin accumulated in the kidney with vancomycin + flucloxacillin compared with vancomycin and vancomycin + imipenem–cilastatin. The accumulation of vancomycin in the kidney tissue correlated with increasing urinary KIM‐1. Conclusions and Implications: Vancomycin + flucloxacillin caused more kidney injury compared with vancomycin alone and vancomycin + imipenem–cilastatin in a translational rat model. The combination of vancomycin + imipenem–cilastatin was nephroprotective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Preclinical assessment of nirmatrelvir penetration into cerebrospinal fluid and central nervous system cells and tissues

Author

Avedissian, Sean, primary, Malik, Johid, additional, Podany, Anthony, additional, Neely, Michael, additional, Rhodes, Nathaniel, additional, Scarsi, Kimberly, additional, Scheetz, Marc, additional, Duryee, Michael, additional, Modebelu, Ukamaka, additional, Mykris, Timothy, additional, Winchester, Lee, additional, Byrareddy, Siddappa, additional, and Fletcher, Courtney, additional

Published
2023
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36. International survey of antibiotic dosing and monitoring in adult intensive care units

Author

Williams, Paul G, Tabah, Alexis, Cotta, Menino Osbert, Sandaradura, Indy, Kanji, Salmaan, Scheetz, Marc H, Imani, Sahand, Elhadi, Muhammed, Luque-Pardos, Sònia, Schellack, Natalie, Sanches, Cristina, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Xie, Jiao, Farkas, Andras, Wilks, Kathryn, Roberts, Jason A, Alexander Brinkmann, Mahesh Ramanan, Despoina Koulenti, Mohan Gurjar, Helmi Sulaiman, Gentle Shrestha, Andrea Cortegiani, Monica Crespo, Lowell Ling, Khalid Abidi, Peter Schellongowski, Williams, Paul G, Tabah, Alexi, Cotta, Menino Osbert, Sandaradura, Indy, Kanji, Salmaan, Scheetz, Marc H, Imani, Sahand, Elhadi, Muhammed, Luque-Pardos, Sònia, Schellack, Natalie, Sanches, Cristina, Timsit, Jean-Francoi, Xie, Jiao, Farkas, Andra, Wilks, Kathryn, Roberts, Jason A, and Alexander Brinkmann, Mahesh Ramanan, Despoina Koulenti, Mohan Gurjar, Helmi Sulaiman, Gentle Shrestha, Andrea Cortegiani, Monica Crespo, Lowell Ling, Khalid Abidi & Peter Schellongowski

Subjects
Aminoglycosides, Intensive care units, Vancomycin, Beta-lactams, Drug monitoring
Abstract

Background: In recent years, numerous dosing studies have been conducted to optimize therapeutic antibiotic exposures in patients with serious infections. These studies have led to the inclusion of dose optimization recommendations in international clinical practice guidelines. The last international survey describing dosing, administration and monitoring of commonly prescribed antibiotics for critically ill patients was published in 2015 (ADMIN-ICU 2015). This study aimed to describe the evolution of practice since this time. Methods: A cross-sectional international survey distributed through professional societies and networks was used to obtain information on practices used in the dosing, administration and monitoring of vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem and aminoglycosides. Results: A total of 538 respondents (71% physicians and 29% pharmacists) from 409 hospitals in 45 countries completed the survey. Vancomycin was mostly administered as an intermittent infusion, and loading doses were used by 74% of respondents with 25mg/kg and 20mg/kg the most favoured doses for intermittent and continuous infusions, respectively. Piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem were most frequently administered as an extended infusion (42% and 51%, respectively). Therapeutic drug monitoring was undertaken by 90%, 82%, 43%, and 39% of respondents for vancomycin, aminoglycosides, piperacillin/tazobactam, and meropenem, respectively, and was more frequently performed in high-income countries. Respondents rarely used dosing software to guide therapy in clinical practice and was most frequently used with vancomycin (11%). Conclusions: We observed numerous changes in practice since the ADMIN-ICU 2015 survey was conducted. Beta-lactams are more commonly administered as extended infusions, and therapeutic drug monitoring use has increased, which align with emerging evidence.

Published
2023

40. Development and validation of a population pharmacokinetic model to guide perioperative tacrolimus dosing after lung transplantation

Author

Miano, Todd A., primary, Feng, Rui, additional, Griffiths, Stephen, additional, Kalman, Laurel, additional, Oyster, Michelle, additional, Cantu, Edward, additional, Yang, Wei, additional, Diamond, Joshua M., additional, Christie, Jason D., additional, Scheetz, Marc H., additional, and Shashaty, Michael G. S., additional

Published
2023
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45. Adequacy of cefepime concentrations in the early phase of critical illness: A case for precision pharmacotherapy.

Author

Barreto, Erin F., Chang, Jack, Bjergum, Matthew W., Gajic, Ognjen, Jannetto, Paul J., Mara, Kristin C., Meade, Laurie A., Rule, Andrew D., Vollmer, Kathryn J., and Scheetz, Marc H.

Subjects
CREATININE, CENTRAL nervous system infections, CRITICALLY ill, RENAL replacement therapy, CEFEPIME, DRUG therapy
Abstract

Study Objective: In critically ill patients, adequacy of early antibiotic exposure has been incompletely evaluated. This study characterized factors associated with inadequate cefepime exposure in the first 24 h of critical illness. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Academic Medical Center. Patients Critically ill adults treated with cefepime. Patients with acute kidney injury or treated with kidney replacement therapy or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were excluded. Intervention: None. Measurements A nonlinear mixed‐effects pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed to estimate cefepime concentrations for each patient over time. The percentage of time the free drug concentration exceeded 8 mg/L during the first 24 h of therapy was calculated (%ƒT>8; appropriate for the susceptible breakpoint for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Factors predictive of low %ƒT>8 were explored with multivariable regression. Main Results In the 100 included patients, a one‐compartment PK model was developed with first‐order elimination with covariates for weight and estimated glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine and cystatin C (eGFRSCr‐CysC). The median (interquartile range) %ƒT>8 for cefepime in the first 24 h of therapy based on this model was 85% (66%, 100%). Less than 100% ƒT>8 during first 24 h of therapy occurred in 70 (70%) individuals. Lower Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (p = 0.032) and higher eGFRSCr‐CysC (p < 0.001) predicted a lower %ƒT>8. Central nervous system infection source was protective (i.e., associated with a higher %ƒT>8; p = 0.008). Conclusions: During early critical illness, cefepime concentrations were inadequate in a significant proportion of patients. Antimicrobial optimization is needed to improve the precision of pharmacotherapy in the critically ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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46. Individual target pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic attainment rates among meropenem-treated patients admitted to the ICU with hospital-acquired pneumonia

Author

Rohani, Roxane, Scheetz, Marc H, Donnelly, Helen K, Donayre, Alvaro, Kang, Mengjia, Diaz, Estefani, Dedicatoria, Kay, Hauser, Alan R, Ozer, Egon A, Nozick, Sophia, Qi, Chao, Pawlowski, Anna E, Neely, Michael N, Misharin, Alexander V, Wunderink, Richard G, and Rhodes, Nathaniel J

Subjects
Pharmacology, Microbiology (medical), Critical Illness, Meropenem, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Pneumonia, Hospitals, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Intensive Care Units, Infectious Diseases, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Prospective Studies, Original Research
Abstract

Objectives Critical illness reduces β-lactam pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) attainment. We sought to quantify PK/PD attainment in patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia. Methods Meropenem plasma PK data (n = 70 patients) were modelled, PK/PD attainment rates were calculated for empirical and definitive targets, and between-patient variability was quantified [as a coefficient of variation (CV%)]. Results Attainment of 100% T>4×MIC was variable for both empirical (CV% = 92) and directed (CV% = 33%) treatment. Conclusions Individualization is required to achieve suggested PK/PD targets in critically ill patients.

Published
2022

50. International consensus recommendations for the use of prolonged-infusion beta-lactam antibiotics : Endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases Society of America, Society of Critical Care Medicine, and Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists

Author

Hong, Lisa T., Downes, Kevin J., Fakhriravari, Alireza, Abdul-Mutakabbir, Jacinda C., Kuti, Joseph L., Jorgensen, Sarah, Young, David C., Alshaer, Mohammad H., Bassetti, Matteo, Bonomo, Robert A., Gilchrist, Mark, Jang, Soo Min, Lodise, Thomas, Roberts, Jason A., Tängdén, Thomas, Zuppa, Athena, Scheetz, Marc H., Hong, Lisa T., Downes, Kevin J., Fakhriravari, Alireza, Abdul-Mutakabbir, Jacinda C., Kuti, Joseph L., Jorgensen, Sarah, Young, David C., Alshaer, Mohammad H., Bassetti, Matteo, Bonomo, Robert A., Gilchrist, Mark, Jang, Soo Min, Lodise, Thomas, Roberts, Jason A., Tängdén, Thomas, Zuppa, Athena, and Scheetz, Marc H.

Abstract

Intravenous & beta;-lactam antibiotics remain a cornerstone in the management of bacterial infections due to their broad spectrum of activity and excellent tolerability. & beta;-lactams are well established to display time-dependent bactericidal activity, where reductions in bacterial burden are directly associated with the time that free drug concentrations remain above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the pathogen during the dosing interval. In an effort to take advantage of these bactericidal characteristics, prolonged (extended and continuous) infusions (PIs) can be applied during the administration of intravenous & beta;-lactams to increase time above the MIC. PI dosing regimens have been implemented worldwide, but implementation is inconsistent. We report consensus therapeutic recommendations for the use of PI & beta;-lactams developed by an expert international panel with representation from clinical pharmacy and medicine. This consensus guideline provides recommendations regarding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic targets, therapeutic drug-monitoring considerations, and the use of PI & beta;-lactam therapy in the following patient populations: severely ill and nonseverely ill adult patients, pediatric patients, and obese patients. These recommendations provide the first consensus guidance for the use of & beta;-lactam therapy administered as PIs and have been reviewed and endorsed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP), the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC), the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (CFF), the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP)., Correction in: Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug TherapyFirst Published online: September 19, 2023DOI: 10.1002/phar.2905

Published
2023
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