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1. The provisional OMERACT ultrasonography score for giant cell arteritis

Author

Dejaco, C, Ponte, C, Monti, S, Rozza, D, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Bruyn, G, Boumans, D, Hartung, W, Hocevar, A, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Aschwanden, M, Bosch, P, Camellino, D, Chrysidis, S, Ciancio, G, D'Agostino, M, Daikeler, T, Dasgupta, B, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Duftner, C, Agueda, A, Fredberg, U, Hanova, P, Hansen, I, Hauge, E, Iagnocco, A, Inanc, N, Juche, A, Karalilova, R, Kawamoto, T, Keller, K, Keen, H, Kermani, T, Kohler, M, Koster, M, Luqmani, R, Macchioni, P, Mackie, S, Naredo, E, Nielsen, B, Ogasawara, M, Pineda, C, Schafer, V, Seitz, L, Tomelleri, A, Torralba, K, Van Der Geest, K, Warrington, K, Schmidt, W, Dejaco C., Ponte C., Monti S., Rozza D., Scire C. A., Terslev L., Bruyn G. A. W., Boumans D., Hartung W., Hocevar A., Milchert M., Dohn U. Mo., Mukhtyar C. B., Aschwanden M., Bosch P., Camellino D., Chrysidis S., Ciancio G., D'Agostino M. A., Daikeler T., Dasgupta B., De Miguel E., Diamantopoulos A. P., Duftner C., Agueda A., Fredberg U., Hanova P., Hansen I. To., Hauge E. -M., Iagnocco A., Inanc N., Juche A., Karalilova R., Kawamoto T., Keller K. K., Keen H. I., Kermani T. A., Kohler M. J., Koster M., Luqmani R. A., Macchioni P., Mackie S. L., Naredo E., Nielsen B. D., Ogasawara M., Pineda C., Schafer V. S., Seitz L., Tomelleri A., Torralba K. D., Van Der Geest K. S. M., Warrington K. J., Schmidt W. A., Dejaco, C, Ponte, C, Monti, S, Rozza, D, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Bruyn, G, Boumans, D, Hartung, W, Hocevar, A, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Aschwanden, M, Bosch, P, Camellino, D, Chrysidis, S, Ciancio, G, D'Agostino, M, Daikeler, T, Dasgupta, B, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Duftner, C, Agueda, A, Fredberg, U, Hanova, P, Hansen, I, Hauge, E, Iagnocco, A, Inanc, N, Juche, A, Karalilova, R, Kawamoto, T, Keller, K, Keen, H, Kermani, T, Kohler, M, Koster, M, Luqmani, R, Macchioni, P, Mackie, S, Naredo, E, Nielsen, B, Ogasawara, M, Pineda, C, Schafer, V, Seitz, L, Tomelleri, A, Torralba, K, Van Der Geest, K, Warrington, K, Schmidt, W, Dejaco C., Ponte C., Monti S., Rozza D., Scire C. A., Terslev L., Bruyn G. A. W., Boumans D., Hartung W., Hocevar A., Milchert M., Dohn U. Mo., Mukhtyar C. B., Aschwanden M., Bosch P., Camellino D., Chrysidis S., Ciancio G., D'Agostino M. A., Daikeler T., Dasgupta B., De Miguel E., Diamantopoulos A. P., Duftner C., Agueda A., Fredberg U., Hanova P., Hansen I. To., Hauge E. -M., Iagnocco A., Inanc N., Juche A., Karalilova R., Kawamoto T., Keller K. K., Keen H. I., Kermani T. A., Kohler M. J., Koster M., Luqmani R. A., Macchioni P., Mackie S. L., Naredo E., Nielsen B. D., Ogasawara M., Pineda C., Schafer V. S., Seitz L., Tomelleri A., Torralba K. D., Van Der Geest K. S. M., Warrington K. J., and Schmidt W. A.

Abstract

Objectives To develop an Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasonography score for monitoring disease activity in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and evaluate its metric properties. Methods The OMERACT Instrument Selection Algorithm was followed. Forty-nine members of the OMERACT ultrasonography large vessel vasculitis working group were invited to seven Delphi rounds. An online reliability exercise was conducted using images of bilateral common temporal arteries, parietal and frontal branches as well as axillary arteries from 16 patients with GCA and 7 controls. Sensitivity to change and convergent construct validity were tested using data from a prospective cohort of patients with new GCA in which ultrasound-based intima-media thickness (IMT) measurements were conducted at weeks 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24. Results Agreement was obtained (92.7%) for the OMERACT GCA Ultrasonography Score (OGUS), calculated as follows: sum of IMT measured in every segment divided by the rounded cut-off values of IMTs in each segment. The resulting value is then divided by the number of segments available. Thirty-five members conducted the reliability exercise, the interrater intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the OGUS was 0.72-0.84 and the median intrareader ICC was 0.91. The prospective cohort consisted of 52 patients. Sensitivity to change between baseline and each follow-up visit up to week 24 yielded standardised mean differences from -1.19 to -2.16, corresponding to large and very large magnitudes of change, respectively. OGUS correlated moderately with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein and Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (corr coeff 0.37-0.48). Conclusion We developed a provisional OGUS for potential use in clinical trials.

Published
2023

2. OMERACT definition and reliability assessment of chronic ultrasound lesions of the axillary artery in giant cell arteritis

Author

Schafer, V, Chrysidis, S, Schmidt, W, Duftner, C, Iagnocco, A, Bruyn, G, Carrara, G, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Nielsen, B, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Hanova, P, Hansen, I, Hocevar, A, Juche, A, Kermani, T, Lorenzen, T, Macchioni, P, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Monti, S, Ponte, C, Seitz, L, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Dasgupta, B, Keen, H, Pineda, C, Dejaco, C, Schafer V. S., Chrysidis S., Schmidt W. A., Duftner C., Iagnocco A., Bruyn G. A., Carrara G., De Miguel E., Diamantopoulos A. P., Nielsen B. D., Fredberg U., Hartung W., Hanova P., Hansen I. T., Hocevar A., Juche A., Kermani T. A., Lorenzen T., Macchioni P., Milchert M., Dohn U. M., Mukhtyar C., Monti S., Ponte C., Seitz L., Scire C. A., Terslev L., Dasgupta B., Keen H. I., Pineda C., Dejaco C., Schafer, V, Chrysidis, S, Schmidt, W, Duftner, C, Iagnocco, A, Bruyn, G, Carrara, G, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Nielsen, B, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Hanova, P, Hansen, I, Hocevar, A, Juche, A, Kermani, T, Lorenzen, T, Macchioni, P, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Monti, S, Ponte, C, Seitz, L, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Dasgupta, B, Keen, H, Pineda, C, Dejaco, C, Schafer V. S., Chrysidis S., Schmidt W. A., Duftner C., Iagnocco A., Bruyn G. A., Carrara G., De Miguel E., Diamantopoulos A. P., Nielsen B. D., Fredberg U., Hartung W., Hanova P., Hansen I. T., Hocevar A., Juche A., Kermani T. A., Lorenzen T., Macchioni P., Milchert M., Dohn U. M., Mukhtyar C., Monti S., Ponte C., Seitz L., Scire C. A., Terslev L., Dasgupta B., Keen H. I., Pineda C., and Dejaco C.

Abstract

Objectives: To define chronic ultrasound lesions of the axillary artery (AA) in long-standing giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to evaluate the reliability of the new ultrasound definition in a web-based exercise. Methods: A structured Delphi, involving an expert panel of the Large Vessel Vasculitis subgroup of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Ultrasound Working Group was carried out. The reliability of the new definition was tested in a 2-round web-based exercise involving 23 experts and using 50 still images each from AA of long-standing and acute GCA patients, as well as 50 images from healthy individuals. Results: The final OMERACT ultrasound definition of chronic changes was based on measurement and appearance of the intima-media complex. The overall reliability of the new definition for chronic ultrasound changes in longstanding GCA of the AA was good to excellent with Light's kappa values of 0.79-0.80 for inter-reader reliability and mean Light's-kappa of 0.88 for intra-reader reliability. The mean inter-rater and intra-rater agreements were 86-87% and 92%, respectively. Good reliabilities were observed comparing the vessels with longstanding versus acute GCA with a mean agreement and kappa values of 81% and 0.63, respectively. Conclusion: The new OMERACT ultrasound definition for chronic vasculitis of the AA in GCA revealed a good to excellent inter- and intra-reader reliability in a web-based exercise of experts.

Published
2021

3. Association between age at disease onset of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and clinical presentation and short-term outcomes

Author

Monti, S., Craven, A., Klersy, C., Montecucco, C., Caporali, R., Watts, R., Merkel, P. A., Luqmani, R., Achilleos, K., Adler, M., Alba, M. A., Albert, D. A., Alibaz-Oner, F., Allcoat, P., Amano, K., Amarasuriya, M., Amudala, N. A., Andrews, J., Archer, A. M., Arimura, Y., Atukorala, I., Azevedo, E., Bajad, S., Baldwin, C., Barra, L. J., Baslund, B., Basu, N., Baykal, M., Berger, C., Berglin, E., Besada, E., Bhardwaj, M., Bischof, A., Blockmans, D., Blood, J., Draibe, J. B., Brand, S., Brandao, M., Bruce, I. N., Butler, A., Calabrese, L. H., Ferrer, D. C., Carette, S., Carmona, D., Ceunen, H., Chakravarty, K., Chapman, P. T., Chocova, Z., Chung, S. A., Ci, W., Cid, M. C., Clark, T. M., Clarkson, M. R., De Jesus Contreras-Rodriguez, F., Conway, R., Cooke, K., Viros, X. C., Cordeiro, A., Costa, A., Culfear, K., Daikeler, T., Danda, D., Das, S. K., Dasgupta, B., De Castro, A. M., Dehghan, N., Devassy, R., Dhindsa, N., Diamantopoulos, A. P., Direskeneli, H., Dobashi, H., Juan, D., Durrani, M., Edelsten, C., Eifert, J., Elhayek, S., Elsideeg, S., Endo, T., Erden, A., Erer, B., Eriksson, P., Erturk, Z., Espigol-Frigole, G., Felicetti, M., Ferraro, A., Ferro, J. M., Fifi-Mah, A., Flores-Suarez, L. F., Flossmann, O., Flynn, D., Fonseca, J. E., Foot, J., Foote, M., Forbess, L., Fujimoto, S., Fukuoka, K., Furtado, C., Furuta, S., Gaffo, A. L., Gallagher, P., Gao, N., Gatenby, P., Gendi, N., Geraldes, R., Gerits, A., Gioffredi, A., Gomples, L., Goncalves, M. J., Gondo, P., Graham, A., Grainger, R., Gray, D. T., Grayson, P. C., Griffiths, L., Guo, Y., Gupta, R., Gylling, M., Hajj-Ali, R. A., Hammam, N., Harigai, M., Hartley, L., Haslett, J., Hassan, A., Hatemi, G., Hellmich, B., Henckaerts, L., Henes, J. C., Hepburn, J., Herd, V., Hess, C., Hill, C., Hinojosa-Azaola, A., Hirahashi, J., Hirano, F., Hocevar, A., Holle, J., Hollinger, N., Homma, S., Howard, T., Hoyles, R. K., Hruskova, Z., Hutcheon, G., Ignacak, M., Igney-Oertel, A., Ikeda, K., Ikegaya, N., Jagadeesh, S., Jaquith, J., Jayne, D. R. W., Jewell, T., Jones, C., Joshi, A., Kalyoncu, U., Kamall, S., Kamath, S., Lai, K. S., Kaname, S., Kanchinadham, S., Karadag, O., Karube, M., Kaszuba, M., Kaur, R., Kawakami, T., Kawashima, S., Khalidi, N., Khan, A., Kikuchi, M., Kilic, L., Kimura, M., King, M. J., Klapa, S., Klocke, R., Kobayashi, T., Kobayashi, S., Komagata, Y., Kronbichler, A., Kuczia, P., Kumar, M. S., Kurosawa, M., Lamprecht, P., Langford, C. A., Lanyon, P., Laversuch, C., Lee, S. J., Leoni, S., Li, J., Liang, K., Liang, P., Liao, H., Lee, L. A., Luqmani, R. A., Lyle, A., Macdonald, M., Mackie, S. L., Madden, L., Magliano, M., Makino, H., Makol, A., Malaiya, R., Malaviya, A., Manthri, R., Maritati, F., Da Silva, A. M., Mason, J. C., Matara, C., Matsui, K., Matteson, E. L., Mcbride, D., Mccullough, K., Mcgeoch, L., Mclaren, J., Mcmillian, C., Mendiratta, N., Menon, A., Merinopoulos, D., Merkel, P., Messier, S., Micheletti, R. G., Mills, K., Milman, N., Minoda, M., Minz, R. W., Mock, C., Mohammad, A. J., Moiseev, S., Moitinho, M., Molloy, E., Monach, P. A., Montgomery, M., Moosig, F., Moradizadeh, M., Morgan, M., Morgan, A. W., Morgan, A. -M., Muir, A., Mukhtyar, C., Muller, A., Muratore, F., Muso, E., Nada, R., Nakajima, H., Nakajima, T., Nakano, H., Nandagudi, A., Neumann, T., Y. F., Ng, K. H., Ng, Nogueira, E. L., Nolkha, N., Nordstrom, D., Novikov, P., Nugaliyadde, A., O'Donnell, J. L., O'Donoghue, J., O'Neill, L., O'Riordan, E., Oatley, M., Okubo, K., Oliva, E., Oshikawa, H., Ota, Y., Padoan, R., Pagnoux, C., Pan, L., Panaritis, K., Park, J. K., Patel, S., Patil, P., Pazzola, G., Peall, A., Pearce, F., Pehlevan, S., Pereira, L., Pettersson, T., Pineau, C. A., Pirila, L., Poglodek, B., Ponte, C., Prieto-Gonzalez, S., Priya, S. R., Purewal, B., Purschke, S., Putaala, J., Quickert, S., Quincey, V., Raghuvanshi, S., Rajasekhar, L., Ranganathan, D., Rathi, M., Rees, D., Rees, F., Renken, U., Restuccia, G., Rhee, R. L., Rice, B., Robins, D., Robson, J., Rodrigues, M., Romao, V. C., Rotar, C., Ruediger, C., Rutgers, A., A. C., Sa, Saavedra, M. J., Sada, K. -E., Sahbudin, I., Salvarani, C., Sandhu, N., Santos, E., Sato, Y., Schafer, V. S., Schiavon, F., Schmidt, W. A., Segelmark, M., Shahin, A., Sharma, A., Shotton, J., Silva, C., Singer, O. G., Sivasuthan, G., Smolen, S., Solanich-Moreno, X., Boixader, L. S., Song, Y. W., Springer, J., Sreih, A. G., Srivastava, R., Stamp, L. K., Stevens, R., Strbian, D., Sugino, K., Sunderkotter, C., Suppiah, R., Suzuki, K., Szekanecz, Z., Sznajd, J., Taimen, K., Tak, P. P., Takeuchi, T., Takizawa, N., Tames, L., Tan, B. E., Tanaka, M., Tang, M. W., Tatlisumak, T., Tesar, V., Thomas, A., Tian, X., Tokunaga, K., Tombetti, E., Tomsic, M., Toz, B., Tsukamoto, T., Uchida, S., Unal, A. U., Urban, M. L., Usui, J., Vaglio, A., Venkatachalam, S., Vermaak, E., Viswanath, V., Wada, T., Wagh, S., Wallace, D. J., Walters, G., Walz, B., Wan, J., Wang, T., Wang, G., Warrington, K. J., Watts, R. A., Wawrzycka-Adamczyk, K., Weeratunga, P., Weisman, M. H., Wickramasinghe, S., Williams, M., Wojcik, K., Woodruff, L., Xenitidis, T., Yamada, H., Yamagata, K., Yee, C. -S., Yoon, M., Yoshida, K., Yoshifuji, H., Ytterberg, S. R., Yumura, W., Zayed, H., Zeng, X., Zhao, M. -H., Zugaj, A., Zuk, J., İç Hastalıkları, Clinical Haematology, and Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR)

Subjects
Male, Outcome, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, 030232 urology & nephrology, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, 80 and over, Pharmacology (medical), Age of Onset, Young adult, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, age, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, outcome, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Morbidity, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Survival Rate, United Kingdom, Young Adult, Vasculitis, Systemic vasculitis, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis, Antibodies, 03 medical and health sciences, Rheumatology, Internal medicine, medicine, education, Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis, Survival rate, Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Age of onset, business
Abstract

Objectives ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) can affect all age groups. We aimed to show that differences in disease presentation and 6 month outcome between younger- and older-onset patients are still incompletely understood. Methods We included patients enrolled in the Diagnostic and Classification Criteria for Primary Systemic Vasculitis (DCVAS) study between October 2010 and January 2017 with a diagnosis of AAV. We divided the population according to age at diagnosis: Results A total of 1338 patients with AAV were included: 66% had disease onset at Conclusion Within 6 months of diagnosis of AAV, patients >65 years of age display a different pattern of organ involvement and an increased risk of significant damage and mortality compared with younger patients.

Published
2021

4. Definitions and reliability assessment of elementary ultrasound lesions in giant cell arteritis: A study from the OMERACT large vessel vasculitis ultrasound working group

Author

Chrysidis, S, Duftner, C, Dejaco, C, Schafer, V, Ramiro, S, Carrara, G, Scire, C, Hocevar, A, Diamantopoulos, A, Iagnocco, A, Mukhtyar, C, Ponte, C, Naredo, E, De Miguel, E, Bruyn, G, Warrington, K, Terslev, L, Milchert, M, D'Agostino, M, Koster, M, Rastalsky, N, Hanova, P, Macchioni, P, Kermani, T, Lorenzen, T, Dohn, U, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Dasgupta, B, Schmidt, W, Chrysidis S., Duftner C., Dejaco C., Schafer V. S., Ramiro S., Carrara G., Scire C. A., Hocevar A., Diamantopoulos A. P., Iagnocco A., Mukhtyar C., Ponte C., Naredo E., De Miguel E., Bruyn G. A., Warrington K. J., Terslev L., Milchert M., D'Agostino M. A., Koster M. J., Rastalsky N., Hanova P., Macchioni P., Kermani T. A., Lorenzen T., Dohn U. Mo., Fredberg U., Hartung W., Dasgupta B., Schmidt W. A., Chrysidis, S, Duftner, C, Dejaco, C, Schafer, V, Ramiro, S, Carrara, G, Scire, C, Hocevar, A, Diamantopoulos, A, Iagnocco, A, Mukhtyar, C, Ponte, C, Naredo, E, De Miguel, E, Bruyn, G, Warrington, K, Terslev, L, Milchert, M, D'Agostino, M, Koster, M, Rastalsky, N, Hanova, P, Macchioni, P, Kermani, T, Lorenzen, T, Dohn, U, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Dasgupta, B, Schmidt, W, Chrysidis S., Duftner C., Dejaco C., Schafer V. S., Ramiro S., Carrara G., Scire C. A., Hocevar A., Diamantopoulos A. P., Iagnocco A., Mukhtyar C., Ponte C., Naredo E., De Miguel E., Bruyn G. A., Warrington K. J., Terslev L., Milchert M., D'Agostino M. A., Koster M. J., Rastalsky N., Hanova P., Macchioni P., Kermani T. A., Lorenzen T., Dohn U. Mo., Fredberg U., Hartung W., Dasgupta B., and Schmidt W. A.

Abstract

Objectives To define the elementary ultrasound (US) lesions in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to evaluate the reliability of the assessment of US lesions according to these definitions in a web-based reliability exercise. Methods Potential definitions of normal and abnormal US findings of temporal and extracranial large arteries were retrieved by a systematic literature review. As a subsequent step, a structured Delphi exercise was conducted involving an expert panel of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) US Large Vessel Vasculitis Group to agree definitions of normal US appearance and key elementary US lesions of vasculitis of temporal and extracranial large arteries. The reliability of these definitions on normal and abnormal blood vessels was tested on 150 still images and videos in a web-based reliability exercise. Results Twenty-four experts participated in both Delphi rounds. From originally 25 statements, nine definitions were obtained for normal appearance, vasculitis and arteriosclerosis of cranial and extracranial vessels. The 'halo' and 'compression' signs were the key US lesions in GCA. The reliability of the definitions for normal temporal and axillary arteries, the 'halo' sign and the 'compression' sign was excellent with inter-rater agreements of 91-99% and mean kappa values of 0.83-0.98 for both inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities of all 25 experts. Conclusions The 'halo' and the 'compression' signs are regarded as the most important US abnormalities for GCA. The inter-rater and intra-rater agreement of the new OMERACT definitions for US lesions in GCA was excellent.

Published
2018

5. Assessing vasculitis in giant cell arteritis by ultrasound: Results of OMERACT patient-based reliability exercises

Author

Schafer, V, Chrysidis, S, Dejaco, C, Duftner, C, Iagnocco, A, Bruyn, G, Carrara, G, D'Agostino, M, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Hocevar, A, Juche, A, Kermani, T, Koster, M, Lorenzen, T, Macchioni, P, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Ponte, C, Ramiro, S, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Warrington, K, Dasgupta, B, Schmidt, W, Schafer V. S., Chrysidis S., Dejaco C., Duftner C., Iagnocco A., Bruyn G. A., Carrara G., D'Agostino M. A., De Miguel E., Diamantopoulos A. P., Fredberg U., Hartung W., Hocevar A., Juche A., Kermani T. A., Koster M. J., Lorenzen T., Macchioni P., Milchert M., Dohn U. M., Mukhtyar C., Ponte C., Ramiro S., Scire C. A., Terslev L., Warrington K. J., Dasgupta B., Schmidt W. A., Schafer, V, Chrysidis, S, Dejaco, C, Duftner, C, Iagnocco, A, Bruyn, G, Carrara, G, D'Agostino, M, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Hocevar, A, Juche, A, Kermani, T, Koster, M, Lorenzen, T, Macchioni, P, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Ponte, C, Ramiro, S, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Warrington, K, Dasgupta, B, Schmidt, W, Schafer V. S., Chrysidis S., Dejaco C., Duftner C., Iagnocco A., Bruyn G. A., Carrara G., D'Agostino M. A., De Miguel E., Diamantopoulos A. P., Fredberg U., Hartung W., Hocevar A., Juche A., Kermani T. A., Koster M. J., Lorenzen T., Macchioni P., Milchert M., Dohn U. M., Mukhtyar C., Ponte C., Ramiro S., Scire C. A., Terslev L., Warrington K. J., Dasgupta B., and Schmidt W. A.

Abstract

Objective: To test the reliability of Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) consensus-based ultrasound definitions for normal and vasculitic temporal and axillary arteries in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and in controls. Methods: A preliminary 1-day meeting and a full 3-day meeting fulfilling OMERACT Ultrasound Group guidelines were held. Temporal and axillary arteries were examined at 2 timepoints by 12 sonographers on 4 patients with GCA and 2 controls. The aim was to test inter- and intrareader reliability for normal findings, halo sign, and compression sign. In both meetings, patients had established GCA. Pathology was more recent in the full meeting, which was preceded by 6 h of training. Scanning time was 15-20 min instead of 10-13 min. Results: In the preliminary exercise, interreader reliabilities were fair to moderate for the overall diagnosis of GCA (Light k 0.29-0.51), and poor to fair for identifying vasculitis in the respective anatomical segments (Light k 0.02-0.46). Intrareader reliabilities were moderate (Cohen k 0.32-0.64). In the main exercise, interreader reliability was good to excellent (Light k 0.76-0.86) for the overall diagnosis of GCA, and moderate to good (Light k 0.46-0.71) for identifying vasculitis in the respective anatomical segments. Intrareader reliability was excellent for diagnosis of GCA (Cohen k 0.91) and good (Cohen k 0.71-0.80) for the anatomical segments. Conclusion: OMERACT-derived definitions of halo and compression signs of temporal and axillary arteries are reliable in recent-onset GCA if experienced sonographers (> 300 examinations) have 15-20 min for a standardized examination with prior training and apply > 15 MHz probes.

Published
2018

6. Fast Gates and Mixed-Species Entanglement with Trapped Ions

Author

Schafer, V and Lucas, D

Subjects
Quantum computing, Atomic physics
Abstract

Building a quantum computer is one of the outstanding contemporary goals in physics. Trapped-ion qubits are among the most promising contenders, achieving the highest precision gates out of all platforms. However entangling gates have previously only been performed in a regime where their speed is limited by the motion of the ions in the trap. The work in this thesis demonstrates entangling operations beyond this speed limit. In addition, entanglement of different species of ion has been performed. This is an important step towards building a scalable quantum computer, by being able to interface and connect trapped ion qubits via photonic links. We demonstrate mixed-species entangling gates using a method that requires only a single laser for both species. In an experiment demonstrating the technique with two isotopes of calcium, 40Ca+ and 43Ca+ , we achieved a Bell state fidelity of F = 99.8(6)%. We also perform a Bell test with the two different isotopes, achieving a violation of the CHSH inequality by 15 standard deviations with CHSH parameter S = 2.228(15), without making a fair-sampling assumption. We then use the same gate mechanism to perform an entangling gate on two different atomic species, 43Ca+ and 88Sr+ . In a proof-of-principle experiment we achieved a Bell state fidelity of F = 83(3)%. For achieving faster two-qubit gates we shape the amplitude of the laser pulses driving the gates. The pulse shapes are specifically designed to yield low error rates and be insensitive to the optical phase of the driving field. We perform an entangling gate with fidelity F = 99.78(3)% in tg = 1.6 μs, a factor of 20 − 60 times faster than the previously highest-fidelity trapped ion gates with only a factor ≈ 2 increase in gate error. We also demonstrate entanglement generation within 480 ns, less than a single period of the centre-of-mass motion of the ions.

Published
2020

7. Multi-Messenger Studies with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

nbsp;, L., Zehrer, A. undefined, Aab, P. undefined, Abreu, M. undefined, Aglietta, J. M. undefined, Albury, I. undefined, Allekotte, A. undefined, Almela, J. undefined, Alvarez-Muniz, R. undefined, Alves Batista, G. A. undefined, Anastasi, L. undefined, Anchordoqui, B. undefined, Andrada, S. undefined, Andringa, C. undefined, Aramo, P. R. undefined, Araújo Ferreira, H. undefined, Asorey, P. undefined, Assis, G. undefined, Avila, A. M. undefined, Badescu, A. undefined, Bakalova, A. undefined, Balaceanu, F. undefined, Barbato, R. J. undefined, Barreira Luz, K. H. undefined, Becker, J. A. undefined, Bellido, C. undefined, Berat, M. E. undefined, Bertaina, X. undefined, Bertou, P. L. undefined, Bierman, T. undefined, Bister, J. undefined, Biteau, J. undefined, Blazek, C. undefined, Bleve, M. undefined, Bohácová, D. undefined, Boncioli, C. undefined, Bonifazi, L. undefined, Bonneau Arbeletche, N. undefined, Borodai, A. M. undefined, Botti, J. undefined, Brac, T. undefined, Bretz, F. L. undefined, Briechle, P. undefined, Buchholz, A. undefined, Bueno, S. undefined, Buitink, M. undefined, Buscemi, K. S. undefined, Caballero-Mora, L. undefined, Caccianiga, A. undefined, Cancio, F. undefined, Canfora, I. undefined, Caracas, J. M. undefined, Carceller, R. undefined, Caruso, A. undefined, Castellina, F. undefined, Catalani, G. undefined, Cataldi, L. undefined, Cazon, M. undefined, Cerda, J. A. undefined, Chinellato, K. undefined, Choi, J. undefined, Chudoba, L. undefined, Chytka, R. W. undefined, Clay, A. C. undefined, Cobos Cerutti, R. undefined, Colalillo, A. undefined, Coleman, M. R. undefined, Coluccia, R. undefined, Conceicao, A. undefined, Condorelli, Consolati, G., undefined, F., Contreras, F. undefined, Convenga, C. E. undefined, Covault, S. undefined, Dasso, K. undefined, Daumiller, B. R. undefined, Dawson, J. A. undefined, Day, R. M. undefined, de Almeida, J. undefined, de Jesús, S. J. undefined, de Jong, G. undefined, De Mauro, J. R. T. undefined, de Mello Neto, I. undefined, De Mitri, J. undefined, de Oliveira, D. undefined, de Oliveira Franco, V. undefined, de Souza, E. undefined, De Vito, J. undefined, Debatin, M. undefined, del Río, O. undefined, Deligny, N. undefined, Dhital, A. undefined, Di Matteo, C. undefined, Dobrigkeit, J. C. undefined, D'Olivo, R. C. undefined, dos Anjos, M. T. undefined, Dova, J. undefined, Ebr, R. undefined, Engel, I. undefined, Epicoco, M. undefined, Erdmann, C. O. undefined, Escoba, A. undefined, Etchegoyen, H. undefined, Falcke, J. undefined, Farmer, G. undefined, Farrar, A. C. undefined, Fauth, N. undefined, Fazzi, F. undefined, Feldbusch, F. undefined, Fenu, B. undefined, Fick, J. M. undefined, Figueira, A. undefined, Filipcic, T. undefined, Fodran, M. M. undefined, Freire, T. undefined, Fujii, A. undefined, Fuster, C. undefined, Galea, C. undefined, Galelli, B. undefined, García, A. L. undefined, Garcia Vegas, H. undefined, Gemmeke, F. undefined, Gesualdi, A. undefined, Gherghel-Lascu, P. L. undefined, Ghia, U. undefined, Giaccari, M. undefined, Giammarchi, M. undefined, Giller, J. undefined, Glombitza, F. undefined, Gobbi, F. undefined, Gollan, G. undefined, Golup, M. undefined, Gómez Berisso, P. F. undefined, Gómez Vitale, J. P. undefined, Gongora, N. undefined, González, I. undefined, Goos, D. undefined, Góra, A. undefined, Gorgi, M. undefined, Gottowik, T. D. undefined, Grubb, F. undefined, Guarino, G. P. undefined, Guedes, E. undefined, Guido, S. undefined, Hahn, R. undefined, Halliday, M. R. undefined, Hampel, P. undefined, Hansen, D. undefined, Harari, V. M. undefined, Harvey, A. undefined, Haungs, T. undefined, Hebbeker, D. undefined, Heck, G. C. undefined, Hill, C. undefined, Hojvat, J. R. undefined, Horandel, P. undefined, Horvath, M. undefined, Hrabovsky, T. undefined, Huege, J. undefined, Hulsman, A. undefined, Insolia, P. G. undefined, Isar, J. A. undefined, Johnsen, J. undefined, Jurysek, A. undefined, Kaapa, K. H. undefined, Kampert, B. undefined, Keilhauer, J. undefined, Kemp, H. O. undefined, Klages, M. undefined, Kleifges, J. undefined, Kleinfeller, M. undefined, Köpke, G. undefined, Kukec Mezek, B. L. undefined, Lago, D. undefined, Lahurd, R. G. undefined, Lang, N. undefined, Langner, M. A. undefined, Leigui de Oliveira, V. undefined, Lenok, A. undefined, Letessier-Selvon, I. undefined, Lhenry-Yvon, D. undefined, Lo Presti, L. undefined, Lopes, R. undefined, López, R. undefined, Lorek, Q. undefined, Luce, A. undefined, Lucero, J. P. undefined, Lundquist, A. undefined, Machado Payeras, G. undefined, Mancarella, D. undefined, Mandat, B. C. undefined, Manning, J. undefined, Manshanden, P. undefined, Mantsc, S. undefined, Marafico, A. G. undefined, Mariazzi, I. C. undefined, Mariş, G. undefined, Marsella, D. undefined, Martello, H. undefined, Martinez, O. undefined, Martínez Bravo, M. undefined, Mastrodicasa, H. J. undefined, Mathes, J. undefined, Matthews, G. undefined, Matthiae, E. undefined, Mayotte, P. O. undefined, Mazu, G. undefined, Medina-Tanco, D. undefined, Melo, A. undefined, Menshikov, K. -D. undefined, Merenda, S. undefined, Michal, M. I. undefined, Micheletti, L. undefined, Miramonti, S. undefined, Mollerach, F. undefined, Montanet, C. undefined, Morello, M. undefined, Mostafá, A. L. undefined, Muller, M. A. undefined, Muller, K. undefined, Mulrey, R. undefined, Mussa, M. undefined, Muzio, W. M. undefined, Namasaka, L. undefined, Nellen, M. undefined, Niculescu-Oglinzanu, M. undefined, Niechciol, D. undefined, Nitz, D. undefined, Nosek, V. undefined, Novotny, L. undefined, Nožka, Nucita, A., undefined, L. A., Nunez, M. undefined, Palatka, J. undefined, Pallotta, P. undefined, Papenbreer, G. undefined, Parente, A. undefined, Parra, M. undefined, Pech, F. undefined, Pedreira, J. undefined, Pękala, R. undefined, Pelayo, J. undefined, Pena-Rodriguez, J. undefined, Perez Armand, M. undefined, Perlin, L. undefined, Perrone, S. undefined, Petrera, T. undefined, Pierog, M. undefined, Pimenta, V. undefined, Pirronello, M. undefined, Platino, B. undefined, Pont, M. undefined, Pothast, P. undefined, Privitera, M. undefined, Prouza, A. undefined, Puyleart, S. undefined, Querchfeld, J. undefined, Rautenberg, D. undefined, Ravignani, M. undefined, Reininghaus, J. undefined, Ridky, F. undefined, Riehn, M. undefined, Risse, P. undefined, Ristori, V. undefined, Rizi, W. undefined, Rodrigues de Carvalho, J. undefined, Rodriguez Rojo, M. J. undefined, Roncoroni, M. undefined, Roth, E. undefined, Roulet, A. C. undefined, Rovero, P. undefined, Ruehl, S. J. undefined, Saffi, A. undefined, Saftoiu, F. undefined, Salamida, H. undefined, Salazar, G. undefined, Salina, J. D. undefined, Sanabria Gomez, F. undefined, Sánchez, E. M. undefined, Santos, E. undefined, Santos, F. undefined, Sarazin, R. undefined, Sarmento, C. undefined, Sarmiento-Cano, R. undefined, Sato, P. undefined, Savina, C. M. undefined, Schafer, V. undefined, Scherini, H. undefined, Schieler, M. undefined, Schimassek, M. undefined, Schimp, F. undefined, Schluter, D. undefined, Schmidt, O. undefined, Scholten, P. undefined, Schovánek, F. G. undefined, Schroder, S. undefined, Schroder, J. undefined, Schulte, S. J. undefined, Sciutto, M. undefined, Scornavacche, R. C. undefined, Shellard, G. undefined, Sigl, G. undefined, Silli, O. undefined, Sima, R. undefined, Smída, P. undefined, Sommers, J. F. undefined, Soriano, J. undefined, Souchard, R. undefined, Squartini, M. undefined, Stadelmaier, D. undefined, Stanca, S. undefined, Stanic, J. undefined, Stasielak, P. undefined, Stassi, A. undefined, Streich, M. undefined, Suárez-Durán, T. undefined, Sudholz, T. undefined, Suomijärvi, A. D. undefined, Supanitsky, J. undefined, Supík, Z. undefined, Szadkowski, A. undefined, Taboada, A. undefined, Tapia, C. undefined, Timmermans, O. undefined, Tkachenko, P. undefined, Tobiska, C. J. undefined, Todero Peixoto, B. undefined, Tomé, A. undefined, Travaini, P. undefined, Travnicek, C. undefined, Trimarelli, M. undefined, Trini, M. undefined, Tueros, R. undefined, Ulrich, M. undefined, Unger, L. undefined, Vaclavek, M. undefined, Vacula, J. F. undefined, Valdés Galicia, L. undefined, Valore, E. undefined, Varela, V. undefined, Varma K. C., A. undefined, Vásquez-Ramírez, D. undefined, Veberic, C. undefined, Ventura, I. D. undefined, Vergara Quispe, V. undefined, Verzi, J. undefined, Vicha, J. undefined, Vink, S. undefined, Vorobiov, H. undefined, Wahlberg, A. A. undefined, Wat, M. undefined, Weber, A. undefined, Weindl, L. undefined, Wiencke, H. undefined, Wilczynski, T. undefined, Winchen, M. undefined, Wirtz, D. undefined, Wittkowski, B. undefined, Wundheiler, A. undefined, Yushkov, O. undefined, Zapparrata, E. undefined, Zas, D. undefined, Zavrtanik, M. undefined, Zavrtanik, A. undefined, and Zepeda

Published
2020

9. Que fait l’histoire des médias à la bande dessinée ?

Author

Lesage, S. (Sylvain), Schafer, V. (Valérie), Blandin, C. (Claire), Robinet, F. (François), Institut de Recherches Historiques du Septentrion (IRHiS) - UMR 8529 (IRHiS), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Université de Lille, CNRS, and Institut de Recherches Historiques du Septentrion (IRHiS) - UMR 8529

Subjects
[SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History
Published
2019

12. Doing Web history with the Internet Archive: Screencast documentaries

Author

Rogers, R., Brügger, N., Goggin, G., Milligan, I., Schafer, V., and ASCA (FGw)

Abstract

Among the conceptual and methodological opportunities afforded by the Internet Archive, and more specifically, the WayBack Machine, is the capacity to capture and “play back” the history a web page, most notably a website’s homepage. These playbacks could be construed as “website histories”, distinctive at least in principle from other uses put to the Internet Archive such as “digital history” and “Internet history”. In the following, common use cases for web archives are put forward in a discussion of digital source criticism. Thereafter, I situate website history within traditions in web historiography. The particular approach to website history introduced here is called “screencast documentaries”. Building upon Jon Udell’s pioneering screencapturing work retelling the edit history of a Wikipedia page, I discuss overarching strategies for narrating screencast documentaries of websites, namely histories of the Web as seen through the changes to a single page, media histories as negotiations between new and old media as well as digital histories made from scrutinising changes to the list of priorities at a tone-setting institution such as whitehouse.gov.

Published
2018

13. Definitions and reliability assessment of elementary ultrasound lesions in giant cell arteritis: A study from the OMERACT large vessel vasculitis ultrasound working group

Author

Chrysidis, S., Duftner, C., Dejaco, C., Schafer, V. S., Ramiro, S., Carrara, G., Scire, C. A., Hocevar, A., Diamantopoulos, A. P., Iagnocco, A., Mukhtyar, C., Ponte, C., Naredo, E., De Miguel, E., Bruyn, G. A., Warrington, K. J., Terslev, L., Milchert, M., D'Agostino, Maria Antonietta, Koster, M. J., Rastalsky, N., Hanova, P., Macchioni, P., Kermani, T. A., Lorenzen, T., Dohn, U. Mo., Fredberg, U., Hartung, W., Dasgupta, B., Schmidt, W. A., D'Agostino M. A. (ORCID:0000-0002-5347-0060), Chrysidis, S., Duftner, C., Dejaco, C., Schafer, V. S., Ramiro, S., Carrara, G., Scire, C. A., Hocevar, A., Diamantopoulos, A. P., Iagnocco, A., Mukhtyar, C., Ponte, C., Naredo, E., De Miguel, E., Bruyn, G. A., Warrington, K. J., Terslev, L., Milchert, M., D'Agostino, Maria Antonietta, Koster, M. J., Rastalsky, N., Hanova, P., Macchioni, P., Kermani, T. A., Lorenzen, T., Dohn, U. Mo., Fredberg, U., Hartung, W., Dasgupta, B., Schmidt, W. A., and D'Agostino M. A. (ORCID:0000-0002-5347-0060)

Abstract

Objectives To define the elementary ultrasound (US) lesions in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to evaluate the reliability of the assessment of US lesions according to these definitions in a web-based reliability exercise. Methods Potential definitions of normal and abnormal US findings of temporal and extracranial large arteries were retrieved by a systematic literature review. As a subsequent step, a structured Delphi exercise was conducted involving an expert panel of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) US Large Vessel Vasculitis Group to agree definitions of normal US appearance and key elementary US lesions of vasculitis of temporal and extracranial large arteries. The reliability of these definitions on normal and abnormal blood vessels was tested on 150 still images and videos in a web-based reliability exercise. Results Twenty-four experts participated in both Delphi rounds. From originally 25 statements, nine definitions were obtained for normal appearance, vasculitis and arteriosclerosis of cranial and extracranial vessels. The 'halo' and 'compression' signs were the key US lesions in GCA. The reliability of the definitions for normal temporal and axillary arteries, the 'halo' sign and the 'compression' sign was excellent with inter-rater agreements of 91-99% and mean kappa values of 0.83-0.98 for both inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities of all 25 experts. Conclusions The 'halo' and the 'compression' signs are regarded as the most important US abnormalities for GCA. The inter-rater and intra-rater agreement of the new OMERACT definitions for US lesions in GCA was excellent.

Published
2018

14. Assessing vasculitis in giant cell arteritis by ultrasound: Results of OMERACT patient-based reliability exercises

Author

Schafer, V. S., Chrysidis, S., Dejaco, C., Duftner, C., Iagnocco, A., Bruyn, G. A., Carrara, G., D'Agostino, Maria Antonietta, De Miguel, E., Diamantopoulos, A. P., Fredberg, U., Hartung, W., Hocevar, A., Juche, A., Kermani, T. A., Koster, M. J., Lorenzen, T., Macchioni, P., Milchert, M., Dohn, U. M., Mukhtyar, C., Ponte, C., Ramiro, S., Scire, C. A., Terslev, L., Warrington, K. J., Dasgupta, B., Schmidt, W. A., D'Agostino M. A. (ORCID:0000-0002-5347-0060), Schafer, V. S., Chrysidis, S., Dejaco, C., Duftner, C., Iagnocco, A., Bruyn, G. A., Carrara, G., D'Agostino, Maria Antonietta, De Miguel, E., Diamantopoulos, A. P., Fredberg, U., Hartung, W., Hocevar, A., Juche, A., Kermani, T. A., Koster, M. J., Lorenzen, T., Macchioni, P., Milchert, M., Dohn, U. M., Mukhtyar, C., Ponte, C., Ramiro, S., Scire, C. A., Terslev, L., Warrington, K. J., Dasgupta, B., Schmidt, W. A., and D'Agostino M. A. (ORCID:0000-0002-5347-0060)

Abstract

Objective: To test the reliability of Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) consensus-based ultrasound definitions for normal and vasculitic temporal and axillary arteries in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and in controls. Methods: A preliminary 1-day meeting and a full 3-day meeting fulfilling OMERACT Ultrasound Group guidelines were held. Temporal and axillary arteries were examined at 2 timepoints by 12 sonographers on 4 patients with GCA and 2 controls. The aim was to test inter- and intrareader reliability for normal findings, halo sign, and compression sign. In both meetings, patients had established GCA. Pathology was more recent in the full meeting, which was preceded by 6 h of training. Scanning time was 15-20 min instead of 10-13 min. Results: In the preliminary exercise, interreader reliabilities were fair to moderate for the overall diagnosis of GCA (Light k 0.29-0.51), and poor to fair for identifying vasculitis in the respective anatomical segments (Light k 0.02-0.46). Intrareader reliabilities were moderate (Cohen k 0.32-0.64). In the main exercise, interreader reliability was good to excellent (Light k 0.76-0.86) for the overall diagnosis of GCA, and moderate to good (Light k 0.46-0.71) for identifying vasculitis in the respective anatomical segments. Intrareader reliability was excellent for diagnosis of GCA (Cohen k 0.91) and good (Cohen k 0.71-0.80) for the anatomical segments. Conclusion: OMERACT-derived definitions of halo and compression signs of temporal and axillary arteries are reliable in recent-onset GCA if experienced sonographers (> 300 examinations) have 15-20 min for a standardized examination with prior training and apply > 15 MHz probes.

Published
2018

15. Wikipedia Arabe et la construction collective du savoir (Wikipedia Arabic and the collective construction of knowledge)

Author

Allagui, I, Graham, Mark, Hogan, B, Barbe, L, Merzeau, L, and Schafer, V

Abstract

Cette recherche part du constat d’une faible participation à, et d’un maigre contenu dans Wikipedia Arabe et questionne les obstacles à un contenu plus riche. La problématique de la recherche est double: d’abord proposer une cartographie numérique de Wikipedia dans la région du Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord. Cette cartographie informe d’une part sur la représentation des participants à Wikipedia Arabe, et d’autre part, sur la contribution à la distribution du savoir arabe et de son étendue. Deuxièmement, la recherche s’intéresse au contenu de Wikipedia arabe et de son mode de production. Plus particulièrement, les questions de recherche portent sur la participation à la production de contenu de Wikipedia Arabe, les barrières à l’entrée dans Wikipedia Arabe, les dynamiques de négociation et de consensus entre éditeurs et administrateurs Wikipediens de la région et les solutions envisagées pour améliorer et encourager la production de contenu. La démarche méthodologique est principalement qualitative.So far Arabic content on Wikipedia Arabic is very weak; this paper questions the barriers that prevent contributors to Wikipedia Arabic from being more active in content production on Wikipedia Arabic. The research problematic is twofold: first, it suggests a digital cartography of Wikipedia in the MENA region that informs about those who represent Wikipedia Arabic and thus, contribute to the Arab knowledge distribution. Second, while adopting a qualitative approach, the research looks at the content of Arabic Wikipedia. It questions its production methods, contribution barriers, dynamics of negotiation between Wikipedians, and strategies of consensus between editors and admins, as well as the envisioned solutions to improve and promote Wikipedia Arabic content production.

Published
2015

19. PREVALENCE OF FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE IN EUROPE

Author

KRESKEN, M HAFNER, D MITTERMAYER, H VERBIST, L and BERGOGNEBEREZIN, E GIAMARELLOU, H ESPOSITO, S VANKLINGEREN, B KAYSER, FH REEVES, DS WIEDEMANN, B ROTTER, M and WEWALKA, G AICHINGER, W BREITFELLNER, G SCHINDLER, J and STRATCHUNSKY, L LAUWERS, S OSTERRIETH, P VERSCHRAEGEN, G and VANLANDYT, H MERTENS, A KARTLEVEN, J POTVLIEGHE, C and FUSSLE, R LUTTICKEN, R HOPKEN, MS FABRICIUS, K WERNER, H and ULLMANN, U NICULESCU, ER LANGMAACK, H RINGELMANN, R and MACHKA, K OPFERKUCH, W DASCHNER, F MANNHEIM, W WAGNER, J and ROHR, HP SCHAFER, V WITTE, W KELLER, P NAUMANN, G and HUOVINEN, P AVRIL, P BEBEAR, P DABERNAT, H DRUGEON, P DUVAL, P FLEURETTE, P GROSSET, P MONTEIL, H and SCHEFTEL, JP THABAUT, P VERON, M AVLAMIS, A KATRACHOURA, A KOUMENTAKOU, I PAPOUTSAKI, L BARON, F RIGOLI, R and DELALLA, F SCARPELLINI, P BALDELLI, F CANZANO, G and CASERTA, I ORTISI, T MAGLIANO, E ROZENBERGARSKA, M and WAGENVOORT, JHT DEGENER, J VANGRIETHYSEN, AJA HEINZER, I and PEDUZZI, R PIFFORETTI, JC MUNZINGER, J ARDER, HP and SCHOPFER, K BREER, C BILLE, J SIEGRIST, H AUCKENTHALER, R MODDE, H FREY, R BODMER, T WISE, R SPENCER, R and FELMINGHAM, D GOLDIERO, F

Abstract

Since 1984, when the first fluoroquinolone, norfloxacin, was marketed in Europe, there has been a marked increase in the usage of this class of drugs. In order to evaluate the influence of this drug usage on the prevalence of resistance to fluoroquinolones in clinical isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcuss aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and Enterococcus faecalis we reviewed the susceptibility data from four collaborative surveys conducted between 1983 and 1990 by the Study Group ‘Bacterial Resistance’ of the Paul-Ehrlich-Society for Chemotherapy. All participating laboratories used the same standardized methods. Miminal inhibitory concentrations were determined by the broth microdilution method. More than 20,000 bacterial strains were tested. The results are presented for ciprofloxacin, which is regarded as the representative of the fluoroquinolones. Using greater than or equal to 4 mg/l as a breakpoint for resistance to ciprofloxacin, the prevalence of resistant strains of the family Enterobacteriaceae in Central Europe between 1983 and 1990 remained below 1%. In contrast, the resistance rates in P. aeruginosa were 0.7%, 1.0%, 3.8% and 7.0%, in S. aureus 0%, 0.5%, 6.6% and 6.8%, and in E. faecalis 2.2%, 0.7%, 4.9% and 7.7% in 1983, 1986, 1989 and 1990, respectively. The latest study carried out in cooperation with 78 laboratories from 12 European countries revealed great differences in the prevalence of resistance to fluoroquinolones from one species to another ranging from 0% with Proteus vulgaris and Salmonella spp. to 26.7% with Providencia stuartii. The highest rates of resistance were recorded for oxacillin-resistant strains of S. aureus (70.6%) and oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (51.2%). Resistance levels for individual species varied between countries, but they were consistently higher in Southern Europe than in Northwest and Central Europe. Resistance in S. aureus and E. faecalis was more prevalent in isolates from intensive care patients than in isolates from patients on normal wards. In addition, S. aureus isolates displayed a considerable difference in the resistance rates for blood (9.3%) and urine (34.4%).

Published
1994

38. The situation of the potash industry.

Author

Schafer V. and Schafer V.

Abstract

The boundary conditions in the world potash market did not improve in 1992 compared with previous years. This may be attributed to excess capacities worldwide, the aggressive tendering of major competitors, the fall in European agriculture consumption and uncertain trends in demand in overseas markets., The boundary conditions in the world potash market did not improve in 1992 compared with previous years. This may be attributed to excess capacities worldwide, the aggressive tendering of major competitors, the fall in European agriculture consumption and uncertain trends in demand in overseas markets.

39. Digital Roots

Author

Schafer, Valérie, Balbi, Gabriele, Ribeiro, Nelson, and Schwarzenegger, Christian

Subjects
Digital age, Communication concepts, History, Media studies, thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHA History: theory and methods, thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology, thema EDItEUR::3 Time period qualifiers::3M c 1500 onwards to present day::3MP 20th century, c 1900 to c 1999
Abstract

Several of the most known and discussed concepts of the digital age predated the digitalization itself and have been previously used in the “analogue times”. Other concepts were coined for the digital society but have transformed and are continuously transforming over time. This edited book selects some of these concepts and starts a time travel through their history, heritage, reinvention, and reinvestment in media and communication studies.

Published
2021
Full Text
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40. Qu'est-ce qu'une archive du Web?

Author

Musiani, Francesca, Paloque-Berges, Camille, Schafer, Valérie, and Thierry, Benjamin

Subjects
Information Science, Web Archive, bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UN Databases::UNN Databases & the Web
Abstract

La spécificité de l'archivage du Web et de ces archives, l’importance qu’elles devraient prendre à l’avenir pour la recherche, mais aussi les particularités et la diversité de leurs conditions de collecte, préservation, accessibilité et consultation invitent à proposer un ouvrage sur cet enjeu à l’interface des préoccupations du monde des bibliothèques, des archives, des entreprises et des chercheurs.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. OMERACT definition and reliability assessment of chronic ultrasound lesions of the axillary artery in giant cell arteritis

Author

Alojzija Hočevar, Pierluigi Macchioni, Chetan Mukhtyar, Lene Terslev, Greta Carrara, Tove Lorenzen, Carlo Alberto Scirè, Helen Keen, Cristina Ponte, Aaron Juche, Valentin S. Schäfer, Annamaria Iagnocco, Uffe Møller Døhn, Stavros Chrysidis, Luca Seitz, Christina Duftner, Eugenio de Miguel, Ulrich Fredberg, Wolfgang A. Schmidt, Andreas P. Diamantopoulos, Carlos Pineda, George A W Bruyn, Sara Monti, Petra Hanova, Wolfgang Hartung, Christian Dejaco, Berit Dalsgaard Nielsen, Ib Tønder Hansen, Marcin Milchert, Bhaskar Dasgupta, Tanaz A. Kermani, Schafer, V, Chrysidis, S, Schmidt, W, Duftner, C, Iagnocco, A, Bruyn, G, Carrara, G, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Nielsen, B, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Hanova, P, Hansen, I, Hocevar, A, Juche, A, Kermani, T, Lorenzen, T, Macchioni, P, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Monti, S, Ponte, C, Seitz, L, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Dasgupta, B, Keen, H, Pineda, C, and Dejaco, C

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Axillary artery, Giant cell arteriti, Internal medicine, medicine.artery, Large vessel vasculitis, Ultrasound, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Chronic, 610 Medicine & health, Reliability (statistics), Ultrasonography, Giant cell arteritis, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Definition, OMERACT, Reproducibility of Results, medicine.disease, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Radiology, business, Vasculitis, Kappa
Abstract

Objectives To define chronic ultrasound lesions of the axillary artery (AA) in long-standing giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to evaluate the reliability of the new ultrasound definition in a web-based exercise. Methods A structured Delphi, involving an expert panel of the Large Vessel Vasculitis subgroup of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Ultrasound Working Group was carried out. The reliability of the new definition was tested in a 2-round web-based exercise involving 23 experts and using 50 still images each from AA of long-standing and acute GCA patients, as well as 50 images from healthy individuals. Results The final OMERACT ultrasound definition of chronic changes was based on measurement and appearance of the intima-media complex. The overall reliability of the new definition for chronic ultrasound changes in longstanding GCA of the AA was good to excellent with Light's kappa values of 0.79-0.80 for inter-reader reliability and mean Light's-kappa of 0.88 for intra-reader reliability. The mean inter-rater and intra-rater agreements were 86-87% and 92%, respectively. Good reliabilities were observed comparing the vessels with longstanding versus acute GCA with a mean agreement and kappa values of 81% and 0.63, respectively. Conclusion The new OMERACT ultrasound definition for chronic vasculitis of the AA in GCA revealed a good to excellent inter- and intra-reader reliability in a web-based exercise of experts.

Published
2021

42. Assessment of individual molecular response in chronic myeloid leukemia patients with atypical BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts: recommendations by the EUTOS cooperative network

Author

Gareth Gerrard, Thomas Ernst, François-X Mahon, Vivien Schäfer, Simona Soverini, Nicholas C.P. Cross, Rodica Talmaci, Andreas Hochhaus, Susanne Möbius, Katerina Machova Polakova, Helen E. White, Dolors Colomer, Georg-Nikolaus Franke, Susanne Saussele, Schafer V., White H.E., Gerrard G., Mobius S., Saussele S., Franke G.-N., Mahon F.-X., Talmaci R., Colomer D., Soverini S., Machova Polakova K., Cross N.C.P., Hochhaus A., and Ernst T.

Subjects
Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, International scale, Original Article – Clinical Oncology, Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl, Protein Kinase Inhibitor, Follow-Up Studie, 03 medical and health sciences, Bcr abl1, 0302 clinical medicine, Plasmid dna, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Internal medicine, Molecular monitoring, Biomarkers, Tumor, Humans, Medicine, RNA, Messenger, CML, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Aged, Hematology, business.industry, Chronic myeloid leukemia, Myeloid leukemia, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Disease monitoring, Prognosis, BCR-ABL1, Atypical transcripts, Survival Rate, Atypical transcript, 030104 developmental biology, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Molecular Response, Female, business, Human, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Purpose Approximately 1–2% of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients harbor atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts that cannot be monitored by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) using standard methodologies. Within the European Treatment and Outcome Study (EUTOS) for CML we established and validated robust RT-qPCR methods for these patients. Methods BCR-ABL1 transcripts were amplified and sequenced to characterize the underlying fusion. Residual disease monitoring was carried out by RT-qPCR with specific primers and probes using serial dilutions of appropriate BCR-ABL1 and GUSB plasmid DNA calibrators. Results were expressed as log reduction of the BCR-ABL1/GUSB ratio relative to the patient-specific baseline value and evaluated as an individual molecular response (IMR). Results In total, 330 blood samples (2–34 per patient, median 8) from 33 CML patients (19 male, median age 62 years) were analyzed. Patients expressed seven different atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts (e1a2, n = 6; e6a2, n = 1; e8a2, n = 2; e13a3, n = 4; e14a3, n = 6; e13a3/e14a3, n = 2; e19a2, n = 12). Most patients (61%) responded well to TKI therapy and achieved an IMR of at least one log reduction 3 months after diagnosis. Four patients relapsed with a significant increase of BCR-ABL1/GUSB ratios. Conclusions Characterization of atypical BCR-ABL1 transcripts is essential for adequate patient monitoring and to avoid false-negative results. The results cannot be expressed on the International Scale (IS) and thus the common molecular milestones and guidelines for treatment are difficult to apply. We, therefore, suggest reporting IMR levels in these cases as a time-dependent log reduction of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels compared to baseline prior to therapy.

Published
2021

43. The provisional OMERACT ultrasonography score for giant cell arteritis

Author

Christian Dejaco, Cristina Ponte, Sara Monti, Davide Rozza, Carlo Alberto Scirè, Lene Terslev, George A W Bruyn, Dennis Boumans, Wolfgang Hartung, Alojzija Hočevar, Marcin Milchert, Uffe Møller Døhn, Chetan B Mukhtyar, Markus Aschwanden, Philipp Bosch, Dario Camellino, Stavros Chrysidis, Giovanni Ciancio, Maria Antonietta D’Agostino, Thomas Daikeler, Bhaskar Dasgupta, Eugenio De Miguel, Andreas P Diamantopoulos, Christina Duftner, Ana Agueda, Ulrich Fredberg, Petra Hanova, Ib Tønder Hansen, Ellen-Margrethe Hauge, Annamaria Iagnocco, Nevsun Inanc, Aaron Juche, Rositsa Karalilova, Toshio Kawamoto, Kresten Krarup Keller, Helen Isobel Keen, Tanaz A Kermani, Minna J. Kohler, Matthew Koster, Raashid Ahmed Luqmani, Pierluigi Macchioni, Sarah Louise Mackie, Esperanza Naredo, Berit Dalsgaard Nielsen, Michihiro Ogasawara, Carlos Pineda, Valentin Sebastian Schäfer, Luca Seitz, Alessandro Tomelleri, Karina D Torralba, Kornelis S M van der Geest, Kenneth J Warrington, Wolfgang A Schmidt, Dejaco, C, Ponte, C, Monti, S, Rozza, D, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Bruyn, G, Boumans, D, Hartung, W, Hocevar, A, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Aschwanden, M, Bosch, P, Camellino, D, Chrysidis, S, Ciancio, G, D'Agostino, M, Daikeler, T, Dasgupta, B, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Duftner, C, Agueda, A, Fredberg, U, Hanova, P, Hansen, I, Hauge, E, Iagnocco, A, Inanc, N, Juche, A, Karalilova, R, Kawamoto, T, Keller, K, Keen, H, Kermani, T, Kohler, M, Koster, M, Luqmani, R, Macchioni, P, Mackie, S, Naredo, E, Nielsen, B, Ogasawara, M, Pineda, C, Schafer, V, Seitz, L, Tomelleri, A, Torralba, K, Van Der Geest, K, Warrington, K, and Schmidt, W

Subjects
giant cell arteriti, Settore MED/16 - REUMATOLOGIA, giant cell arteritis, outcome assessment, health care, systemic vasculitis, ultrasonography, Immunology, health care, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, 610 Medizin und Gesundheit, systemic vasculiti, outcome assessment
Abstract

ObjectivesTo develop an Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasonography score for monitoring disease activity in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and evaluate its metric properties.MethodsThe OMERACT Instrument Selection Algorithm was followed. Forty-nine members of the OMERACT ultrasonography large vessel vasculitis working group were invited to seven Delphi rounds. An online reliability exercise was conducted using images of bilateral common temporal arteries, parietal and frontal branches as well as axillary arteries from 16 patients with GCA and 7 controls. Sensitivity to change and convergent construct validity were tested using data from a prospective cohort of patients with new GCA in which ultrasound-based intima–media thickness (IMT) measurements were conducted at weeks 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24.ResultsAgreement was obtained (92.7%) for the OMERACT GCA Ultrasonography Score (OGUS), calculated as follows: sum of IMT measured in every segment divided by the rounded cut-off values of IMTs in each segment. The resulting value is then divided by the number of segments available. Thirty-five members conducted the reliability exercise, the interrater intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the OGUS was 0.72–0.84 and the median intrareader ICC was 0.91. The prospective cohort consisted of 52 patients. Sensitivity to change between baseline and each follow-up visit up to week 24 yielded standardised mean differences from −1.19 to −2.16, corresponding to large and very large magnitudes of change, respectively. OGUS correlated moderately with erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein and Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (corrcoeff0.37–0.48).ConclusionWe developed a provisional OGUS for potential use in clinical trials.

Published
2022
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44. Assessing Vasculitis in Giant Cell Arteritis by Ultrasound: Results of OMERACT Patient-based Reliability Exercises

Author

Lene Terslev, Annamaria Iagnocco, Tanaz A. Kermani, Maria Antonietta D’Agostino, Eugenio de Miguel, Stavros Chrysidis, Sofia Ramiro, Alojzija Hočevar, Christian Dejaco, Marcin Milchert, Pierluigi Macchioni, Ulrich Fredberg, Matthew J. Koster, Bhaskar Dasgupta, George A. Bruyn, Cristina Ponte, Chetan Mukhtyar, Uffe Møller Døhn, Wolfgang A. Schmidt, Andreas P. Diamantopoulos, Wolfgang Hartung, Christina Duftner, Aaron Juche, Valentin S. Schäfer, Carlo A. Scirè, Kenneth J. Warrington, Tove Lorenzen, Greta Carrara, Schafer, V, Chrysidis, S, Dejaco, C, Duftner, C, Iagnocco, A, Bruyn, G, Carrara, G, D'Agostino, M, De Miguel, E, Diamantopoulos, A, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Hocevar, A, Juche, A, Kermani, T, Koster, M, Lorenzen, T, Macchioni, P, Milchert, M, Dohn, U, Mukhtyar, C, Ponte, C, Ramiro, S, Scire, C, Terslev, L, Warrington, K, Dasgupta, B, and Schmidt, W

Subjects
Vasculitis, Male, Vasculiti, medicine.medical_specialty, giant cell arteritis, ultrasound, reliability, diagnosis, vasculitis, Settore MED/16 - REUMATOLOGIA, Giant Cell Arteritis, Immunology, Sensitivity and Specificity, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Diagnosis, Ultrasound Reliability, Immunology and Allergy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Halo sign, Giant Cell Arteriti, Reliability (statistics), Aged, Ultrasonography, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, reliability, ultrasound, business.industry, Ultrasound, Outcome measures, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Temporal Arteries, Giant cell arteritis, Female, Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, Diagnosi
Abstract

Objective.To test the reliability of Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials (OMERACT) consensus-based ultrasound definitions for normal and vasculitic temporal and axillary arteries in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and in controls.Methods.A preliminary 1-day meeting and a full 3-day meeting fulfilling OMERACT Ultrasound Group guidelines were held. Temporal and axillary arteries were examined at 2 timepoints by 12 sonographers on 4 patients with GCA and 2 controls. The aim was to test inter- and intrareader reliability for normal findings, halo sign, and compression sign. In both meetings, patients had established GCA. Pathology was more recent in the full meeting, which was preceded by 6 h of training. Scanning time was 15–20 min instead of 10–13 min.Results.In the preliminary exercise, interreader reliabilities were fair to moderate for the overall diagnosis of GCA (Light κ 0.29–0.51), and poor to fair for identifying vasculitis in the respective anatomical segments (Light κ 0.02–0.46). Intrareader reliabilities were moderate (Cohen κ 0.32–0.64). In the main exercise, interreader reliability was good to excellent (Light κ 0.76–0.86) for the overall diagnosis of GCA, and moderate to good (Light κ 0.46–0.71) for identifying vasculitis in the respective anatomical segments. Intrareader reliability was excellent for diagnosis of GCA (Cohen κ 0.91) and good (Cohen κ 0.71–0.80) for the anatomical segments.Conclusion.OMERACT-derived definitions of halo and compression signs of temporal and axillary arteries are reliable in recent-onset GCA if experienced sonographers (> 300 examinations) have 15–20 min for a standardized examination with prior training and apply > 15 MHz probes.

Published
2018

45. Definitions and reliability assessment of elementary ultrasound lesions in giant cell arteritis: A study from the OMERACT large vessel vasculitis ultrasound working group

Author

Eugenio de Miguel, George A W Bruyn, Marcin Milchert, Greta Carrara, Christina Duftner, Wolfgang Hartung, Lene Terslev, Bhaskar Dasgupta, Valentin S. Schäfer, Petra Hanova, Esperanza Naredo, Wolfgang A. Schmidt, Christian Dejaco, Annamaria Iagnocco, Tanaz A. Kermani, Pierluigi Macchioni, Chetan Mukhtyar, Maria Antonietta D'Agostino, Naina Rastalsky, Carlo Alberto Scirè, Cristina Ponte, Sofia Ramiro, Ulrich Fredberg, Stavros Chrysidis, Andreas P. Diamantopoulos, Tove Lorenzen, Mattew J. Koster, Kenneth J. Warrington, Alojzija Hočevar, Uffe Møller Døhn, Chrysidis, S, Duftner, C, Dejaco, C, Schafer, V, Ramiro, S, Carrara, G, Scire, C, Hocevar, A, Diamantopoulos, A, Iagnocco, A, Mukhtyar, C, Ponte, C, Naredo, E, De Miguel, E, Bruyn, G, Warrington, K, Terslev, L, Milchert, M, D'Agostino, M, Koster, M, Rastalsky, N, Hanova, P, Macchioni, P, Kermani, T, Lorenzen, T, Dohn, U, Fredberg, U, Hartung, W, Dasgupta, B, and Schmidt, W

Subjects
Vasculitis, giant cell arteriti, medicine.medical_specialty, Settore MED/16 - REUMATOLOGIA, giant cell arteritis, systemic vasculitis, ultrasonography, Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Immunology, education, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Large vessel vasculitis, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, systemic vasculiti, Reliability (statistics), 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Ultrasound, medicine.disease, Giant cell arteritis, Radiology, business, Kappa, Systemic vasculitis
Abstract

Objectives: To define the elementary ultrasound (US) lesions in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and to evaluate the reliability of the assessment of US lesions according to these definitions in a web-based reliability exercise.Methods: Potential definitions of normal and abnormal US findings of temporal and extracranial large arteries were retrieved by a systematic literature review. As a subsequent step, a structured Delphi exercise was conducted involving an expert panel of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) US Large Vessel Vasculitis Group to agree definitions of normal US appearance and key elementary US lesions of vasculitis of temporal and extracranial large arteries. The reliability of these definitions on normal and abnormal blood vessels was tested on 150 still images and videos in a web-based reliability exercise.Results: Twenty-four experts participated in both Delphi rounds. From originally 25 statements, nine definitions were obtained for normal appearance, vasculitis and arteriosclerosis of cranial and extracranial vessels. The 'halo' and 'compression' signs were the key US lesions in GCA. The reliability of the definitions for normal temporal and axillary arteries, the 'halo' sign and the 'compression' sign was excellent with inter-rater agreements of 91-99% and mean kappa values of 0.83-0.98 for both inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities of all 25 experts.Conclusions: The 'halo' and the 'compression' signs are regarded as the most important US abnormalities for GCA. The inter-rater and intra-rater agreement of the new OMERACT definitions for US lesions in GCA was excellent.

Published
2018

46. Wikipedia Arabe et la construction collective du savoir (Wikipedia Arabic and the collective construction of knowledge)

Author

Allagui, I, Graham, M, Hogan, B, Barbe, L, Merzeau, L, and Schafer, V

Abstract

Cette recherche part du constat d’une faible participation à, et d’un maigre contenu dans Wikipedia Arabe et questionne les obstacles à un contenu plus riche. La problématique de la recherche est double: d’abord proposer une cartographie numérique de Wikipedia dans la région du Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord. Cette cartographie informe d’une part sur la représentation des participants à Wikipedia Arabe, et d’autre part, sur la contribution à la distribution du savoir arabe et de son étendue. Deuxièmement, la recherche s’intéresse au contenu de Wikipedia arabe et de son mode de production. Plus particulièrement, les questions de recherche portent sur la participation à la production de contenu de Wikipedia Arabe, les barrières à l’entrée dans Wikipedia Arabe, les dynamiques de négociation et de consensus entre éditeurs et administrateurs Wikipediens de la région et les solutions envisagées pour améliorer et encourager la production de contenu. La démarche méthodologique est principalement qualitative.So far Arabic content on Wikipedia Arabic is very weak; this paper questions the barriers that prevent contributors to Wikipedia Arabic from being more active in content production on Wikipedia Arabic. The research problematic is twofold: first, it suggests a digital cartography of Wikipedia in the MENA region that informs about those who represent Wikipedia Arabic and thus, contribute to the Arab knowledge distribution. Second, while adopting a qualitative approach, the research looks at the content of Arabic Wikipedia. It questions its production methods, contribution barriers, dynamics of negotiation between Wikipedians, and strategies of consensus between editors and admins, as well as the envisioned solutions to improve and promote Wikipedia Arabic content production.

Published
2017

47. The values of web archives.

Author

Schafer V and Winters J

Abstract

This article considers how the development, promotion and adoption of a set of core values for web archives, linked to principles of "good governance", will help them to tackle the challenges of sustainability, accountability and inclusiveness that are central to their long-term societal and cultural worth. It outlines the work that has already been done to address these questions, as web archiving begins to move out of its establishment phase, and then discusses seven key principles of good governance that might be adapted by and embedded within web archives: participation, consensus, accountability, transparency, effectiveness and efficiency, inclusivity and legality. The article concludes with a call to action for researchers and archivists to co-create the core values for web archives that will be required if they are to remain a vital part of our cultural heritage infrastructure., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interestNot applicable, (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021.)

Published
2021
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49. Construct validation of an interactive digital algorithm for ostomy care.

Author

Beitz JM, Gerlach MA, and Schafer V

Subjects
Humans, Specialties, Nursing, Algorithms, Colostomy nursing, Decision Support Systems, Clinical
Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate construct validity for a previously face and content validated Ostomy Algorithm using digital real-life clinical scenarios., Design: A cross-sectional, mixed-methods Web-based survey design study was conducted., Subjects and Setting: Two hundred ninety-seven English-speaking RNs completed the study; participants practiced in both acute care and postacute settings, with 1 expert ostomy nurse (WOC nurse) and 2 nonexpert nurses., Methods: Following written consent, respondents answered demographic questions and completed a brief algorithm tutorial. Participants were then presented with 7 ostomy-related digital scenarios consisting of real-life photos and pertinent clinical information. Respondents used the 11 assessment components of the digital algorithm to choose management options. Participant written comments about the scenarios and the research process were collected., Results: The mean overall percentage of correct responses was 84.23%. Mean percentage of correct responses for respondents with a self-reported basic ostomy knowledge was 87.7%; for those with a self-reported intermediate ostomy knowledge was 85.88% and those who were self-reported experts in ostomy care achieved 82.77% correct response rate. Five respondents reported having no prior ostomy care knowledge at screening and achieved an overall 45.71% correct response rate. No negative comments regarding the algorithm were recorded by participants., Conclusion: The new standardized Ostomy Algorithm remains the only face, content, and construct validated digital clinical decision instrument currently available. Further research on application at the bedside while tracking patient outcomes is warranted.

Published
2014
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50. Content validation of a standardized algorithm for ostomy care.

Author

Beitz J, Gerlach M, Ginsburg P, Ho M, McCann E, Schafer V, Scott V, Stallings B, and Turnbull G

Subjects
Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Decision Trees, Evidence-Based Practice, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nurse Clinicians organization & administration, Nursing Assessment, Nursing Evaluation Research, Ostomy adverse effects, Ostomy statistics & numerical data, Patient Care Planning, Qualitative Research, Skin Care nursing, Skin Care standards, United States, Algorithms, Attitude of Health Personnel, Nurse Clinicians psychology, Ostomy nursing, Skin Care methods
Abstract

The number of ostomy care clinician experts is limited and the majority of ostomy care is provided by non-specialized clinicians or unskilled caregivers and family. The purpose of this study was to obtain content validation data for a new standardized algorithm for ostomy care developed by expert wound ostomy continence nurse (WOCN) clinicians. After face validity was established using overall review and suggestions from WOCN experts, 166 WOCNs self-identified as having expertise in ostomy care were surveyed online for 6 weeks in 2009. Using a cross-sectional, mixed methods study design and a 30-item instrument with a 4-point Likert-type scale, the participants were asked to quantify the degree of validity of the Ostomy Algorithm's decisions and components. Participants' open-ended comments also were thematically analyzed. Using a scale of 1 to 4, the mean score of the entire algorithm was 3.8 (4 = relevant/very relevant). The algorithm's content validity index (CVI) was 0.95 (out of 1.0). Individual component mean scores ranged from 3.59 to 3.91. Individual CVIs ranged from 0.90 to 0.98. Qualitative data analysis revealed themes of difficulty associated with algorithm formatting, especially orientation and use of the Studio Alterazioni Cutanee Stomali (Study on Peristomal Skin Lesions [SACS™ Instrument]) and the inability of algorithms to capture all individual patient attributes affecting ostomy care. Positive themes included content thoroughness and the helpful clinical photos. Suggestions were offered for algorithm improvement. Study results support the strong content validity of the algorithm and research to ascertain its construct validity and effect on care outcomes is warranted.

Published
2010

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