Search

Background and Objectives: Suicidal ideation (SI) during the postpartum phase is linked with suicide, a leading cause of death during this period. Antenatal depression and anxiety symptoms have both been linked with increased risk for postpartum SI. However, research aimed at examining the relative contributions of antenatal anxiety and depression symptoms towards postpartum SI remains nascent. In this study, we investigated the relative contribution of antenatal anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and SI towards postpartum SI. Design: These data are from a longitudinal study in which American mothers were assessed during pregnancy and again at six- to eight weeks postpartum. Methods: Data were analyzed using correlations and logistic regression models. Results: Antenatal anxiety symptoms and antenatal depression symptoms were significantly correlated with postpartum SI. Results from a logistic regression model indicated that antenatal anxiety symptoms (T1; OR = 1.185 [1.125, 1.245], p =.004), but not antenatal depression symptoms (T1; OR = 1.018 [0.943, 1.093], p =.812) or antenatal SI (T1; OR = 1.58 [0.11, 22.29], p = 0.73), were significantly associated with postpartum SI. Conclusions: Antenatal anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and SI were positively associated with postpartum SI. When examined simultaneously, anxiety symptoms during the antenatal phase (but not depression symptoms or SI) predicted SI in the postpartum phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traumatic events are a serious public health concern, linked cross-sectionally and longitudinally with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal ideation (SI). While much research has focused on broadly defined traumatic events as they relate to PTSD and SI, fewer projects have investigated the disparate associations that specific traumatic events have with PTSD and SI. In this study of 1,829 adolescents held at the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center (measured during adolescence and again nine years later during adulthood), the cross-sectional and prospective links between various traumatic events (i.e. being physically assaulted, threatened with a weapon, sexually assaulted, in a serious accident, seeing someone be killed, experiencing a natural disaster, seeing a dead body, or being forced to fight), PTSD symptoms, and SI were investigated. Findings indicate that every traumatic event endorsed at baseline was cross-sectionally associated with increased PTSD symptoms and SI. Experiencing sexual assault or a serious accident during adolescence predicted greater SI at follow-up. Moreover, the positive association between PTSD symptoms at baseline and SI at follow-up was stronger among individuals who experienced sexual assault or a serious accident versus those who were not trauma exposed. Implications for justice-involved adolescents are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study directly compared three perspectives of suicidality: Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (IPTS), Hopelessness Theory, and a perspective emphasizing emotion dysregulation. 219 adults seeking outpatient psychological services completed questionnaires during intake between November 2015 and February 2019. Patients were included if they completed surveys related to thwarted belongingness (TB), perceived burdensomeness (PB), hopelessness, depressive symptoms, negative affect, and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) symptoms. Analyses tested the ability of TB, PB, depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and emotion dysregulation to relate to total scores on Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. We employed Pearson's correlations and linear regressions to investigate these relations. Constructs related to emotion dysregulation—negative affect (r = 0.161, p <.05) and Borderline Personality Disorder symptoms (r = 0.284, p <.01)—were significantly correlated with suicidal ideation, as were those relevant to Hopelessness Theory—depressive symptoms (r = 0.46, p <.01) and hopelessness (r = 0.45, p <.01)— and IPTS—TB (r = 0.36, p <.01) and PB (r = 0.43, p <.01). Notably the combinations of constructs as proposed by theories were significantly associated with suicidal ideation, but did not improve upon single constructs. This indicated that theoretically relevant constructs alone were strongly associated with suicidal ideation, but were not bested by interactions. This project compared constructs relevant to three theories of suicidality among a sample of treatment seeking outpatients. Findings indicated that suicidal ideation assessment was similarly informed by Hopelessness Theory and IPTS, and to a lesser degree emotion dysregulation. The cross sectional nature of the data and the reliance upon self-report measures limit the inferences that can be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in America. Particularly at risk, Veterans are 1.5 times more likely to die by suicide than non-Veterans, and the suicide rate among service members has risen over the last decade. In the present study, we (1) assessed risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and suicide death within and between Veterans and service members, (2) identified the most commonly studied and (3) the strongest risk factors for suicide-related outcomes among Veterans and service members, and (4) compared overall and risk factor-specific meta-analytic prediction of suicide-related outcomes in Veterans and service members, as determined in the present meta-analysis, to that of the general population. Authors harvested longitudinal effects predicting suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, or suicide deaths in Veterans or service members until May 1, 2020. Traumatic Brain Injury, substance/alcohol use disorders, prior Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behavior, PTSD, and depressive symptoms were among the most commonly studied risk factors. Anger/aggression was particularly strong risk factors, providing a source for future study and intervention efforts. When combined, risk factors conferred similar risk for suicide attempts and suicide death among Veterans, service members, and the general population. However, when analyzing p-values, factors conferred significantly more risk of suicidal ideation among Veterans and service members as compared to the general population. That is, p-values for risk factors were lower in an absolute sense but not necessarily to a statistically significant degree. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Related Articles Comment on: https://www.jmir.org/2021/3/e24870/ Comment in: https://www.jmir.org/2021/6/e29549 J Med Internet Res 2021;23(6):e28990 doi:10.2196/28990 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]