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Bei einer Überfrequenz jenseits von 50,2 Hz müssen sämtliche Erzeugungsanlagen ihre in das Netz eingespeiste Wirkleistung reduzieren. In den zumeist resistiv geprägten Verteilungsnetzen der Mittel- und Niederspannung führt diese überfrequenzbedingte Leistungsreduktion zu einer lokalen Absenkung des Spannungsprofils. Unterschreiten die Spannungen die Vorgaben aus den Netzanschlussbedingungen, unter denen dezentrale Erzeugungsanlagen die Verbindung zum Netz aufrechterhalten müssen, kann es zu unterspannungsbedingten Schutzabschaltungen kommen. Theoretisch könnten diese bei großflächigem Auftreten zu einer Umkehr des ursprünglichen Überfrequenzereignisses in ein Unterfrequenzereignis führen. Anhand von simulationsbasierten Untersuchungen wird in diesem Beitrag jedoch aufgezeigt, dass unter realitätsnahen Annahmen und unter Berücksichtigung der nationalen Richtlinien sowie der zugehörigen netzplanerischen Leitplanken kein besonderes Risiko hinsichtlich der Anregung der beschriebenen Wirkungskette vorliegt., In case of overfrequency beyond 50,2 Hz, all power plants have to reduce their active power feed-in. In medium and low voltage distribution grids, which are usually mainly resistive, this reduction results in a local voltage drop. If the voltage drops below the specified value given by the grid connection codes for which the distributed power plants must maintain their connection to the grid, undervoltage-induced protective disconnections may occur. Theoretically, if many plants were affected, there could be a risk that the original overfrequency event turns into an underfrequency event. However, the simulation based grid studies of this paper show that there is no significant risk of triggering the described chain of effects under realistic assumptions and taking into account national network codes as well as grid planning constraints.

PTB organized the second International DCC Conference from 01 to 03 March 2022. The conference was held as an all-digital event. The technical scope of the conference focused on current advances of the Digital Calibration Certificate (DCC), the use of the Digital SI System (D-SI), including but not limited to implementation, current applications, good practices, and middleware. Attendees from around the world were invited to share and learn a great deal about the DCC. The conference specifically targeted attendees from: - Industries - National metrology institutes and designated institutes - Accreditation bodies - Calibration laboratories

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The purpose of this document is to report on the use of a demonstrator application built to show how, in principle, legal metrology information can be shared and processed in a local, or wide area network type environment. Typically, the network type will be either an intranet or more commonly an internet. This work was performed for work package 5, task 5.2 of the SmartCom project plan. This document forms the D8 deliverable to the SmartCom project ���Report on the validation of a demonstrator for the use of UniTerm in the legal weighing industry���., The SmartCom project 17IND02 has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.

The purpose of this document is to describe possible future technical solutions relating to how legal metrology activity can be implemented in general in a network and cloud services environment. The development of the unified meta data format for the exchange of metrological data in ICT applications and its implementation is part of the research project EMPIR 17IND02 (title: SmartCom). This project has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.