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8. Abstracts

Author

Van den Brink, F. G., Vaccari, Andrea, Cugurra, Franco, Mazzanti, L., Crema, A., Frigo, G. M., Del Tacca, M., Lecchini, S., Beani, L., Bianchi, C., Gandini, A., Lualdi, P., Della Bella, D., Rossini, L., Sardi, A., Baldoli, E., Caravaggi, A. M., Kyncl, J., Mauz, G., Kreye, V. A. W., Tubaro, E., Bulgini, M. J., Biagi, G. L., Barbaro, A. M., Guerra, M. C., Hümpel, J. -E., Zetler, G., Stern, P., del Bianco, P. L., Fanciullacci, M., Franchi, G., Sicuteri, F., Rovati, A. L., Casula, P. L., Meldolesi, J., Angelucci, L., Linari, G., Soldani, G., Pacini, S., de Pascale, V., Mantovani, P., Fregnan, G. B., GlÄsser, A. H., Jahrreiss, R., Habermann, E., Breithaupt, H., Rübsamen, K., Walsch, P., Lankisch, P. G., Vogt, W., Rudinger, J., Krejčí, I., Pliška, V., Poláček, I., Möhring, J., Brekner, Hanna, Schömig, A., Möhring, BÄrbel, Philippu, A., Przuntek, H., Pecile, A., Felici, M., Müller, E. E., Muller, E. E., Cocchi, D., Scapagnini, U., van Look, G. R., Moberg, G. P., Preziosi, P., Ganong, W. F., Fraschini, F., Vargiu, L., Spano, P. F., Marquardt, H., Zedeck, M. S., Sternberg, S. S., Fleisher, M., Hamilton, L. D., Classen, H. -G., Marquardt, P., SpÄth, M., Schumacher, K. -A., Bernauer, W., Hahn, F., Wissler, J., Nimptsch, P., Filipowski, P., Gjuriš, V., Wolf, D., Moroni, F., Buiatti, E., Mannaioni, P. F., Periti, P., Lorenz, W., Schauer, A., Reimann, H. J., Guidotti, A., Meyer, R., Doenicke, A., Schmal, A., Hutzel, M., Werle, E., Bertaccini, G., Impicciatore, M., Mossini, F., Frontini, E., Giani, G., Nicolin, A., Olivani, P., Dietmann, K., Schieck, A., Kornalik, F., Chiarra, A., Piccinini, F., Villani, F., Caspary, W. F., Nell, G., Forth, W., Overhoff, H., Pfleger, K., Rummel, W., Agsten, M., Voth, D., Possner, R., Förschler, M. -L., KÄvenheim, W., Kurz, H., Wirth, K., Bodem, G., Dengler, H. J., Rietbrock, N., Plato, H. v., Bergmann, K. v., Abshagen, U., Kewitz, H., Hengstmann, J. H., Konen, W., Konen, C., Backmann, H., Haschemian, A., Kemper, F., Morgenroth, K., Winterhoff, H., Mascherpa, P., Strauer, B. E., Westberg, C., Tauchert, M., Juhran, W., Ledda, F., Giotti, A., Turnheim, K., Stühlinger, W., Kraupp, O., Trendelenburg, U., Haeusler, G., Brandt, W., Reiter, M., Nakamura, J., Gerold, M., Thoenen, H., Boksay, I., Bollmann, V., Kukovetz, W. R., Klein, W. W., Pöch, G., Lüdtke, A. H., Braga, P. C., Ferri, S., Magnoni, V., Romano, A., Bartsch, W., Heinz, N., Furlanello, F., Ferrari, M., Sava, C., Maragno, I., Bergamaschi, M., Fuccella, L. M., Mandelli, V., Tommasini, R., Turba, C., Usardi, M., Lehr, E., Gesmundo, F., Susanna, A., Paroli, E., Carpi, A., Cartoni, C., Del Basso, P., Giardini, V., Marmo, E., Brogi, M., Bossa, R., Fioroni, G., Galatulas, I., Pomarelli, P., Henderson, P. Th., Remmer, H., Casals, J., Petruch, F., Schüppel, R., Forti, G. Cantelli, Fracasso, M. E., Berti, T., Maccari, M., Gatti, M. T., Losert, W., Kraaz, W., Jahn, P., Rilke, A., Cascio, G., Mantia, G., Leone, F., Datz, B., Vetter, J., Brade, W., Schönhöfer, P. S., Skidmore, I. F., Bourne, H. R., Vapaatalo, H., Bieck, P., Westermann, E., Stork, H., Schmidt, F. H., Riemenschneider, H., Willig, F., May, B., Leinweber, W., Poser, W., Panten, U., Hasselblatt, A., Klissiunis, N., Mykoniatis, M., Lengsfeld, H., Gey, K. F., Bianchini, P., Mantovani, V., LoMarco, E., Bufalina, L., Guidi, G., Osima, B., Casetta, R., Casarini, A., Mann, E., Pepeu, G., Ruffi, A., Mulas, A., Pleul, O., Lipparini, F., Loizzo, A., de Carolis, Scotti, Marino, A., Girone, E., Battista, O., de Marino, V., Florio, V., Longo, V. G., Gogolák, G., Stumpf, Ch., Pavan, P., Dross, K., Bianchi, A., Caprio, F., Kuschinsky, K., Di Carlo, R., Mandel, P., Di Rosa, M., Willoughby, D. A., Sorrentino, L., Capasso, F., Sandow, J., Alpermann, H., Metzger, H., Vogel, H. G., Velo, G. P., Capelli, A., Martinelli, G., Bertoni, F., Karzel, K., Peters, H. D., Hack, G., Fleming, K., Kazda, S., Lamprecht, F., Miksche, L., Orth, H., Philippi, A., Schmidt, D., Schneider, D., Soell, G., Taugner, R., Hammersen, G., Rosenthal, J., Fülgraff, G., Meiforth, A., Sudhoff, D., Zimmermann, E., Knebel, L., Barzaghi, F., Riva, M., Mantegazza, P., Chiesara, E., Edwards, K. D. G., Morini, M., Bilone, F., Morini, M., Ortolani, L., de Barbieri, A., Bertelli, A., Cerrati, A., Bizzi, A., Codegoni, A. M., Medea, A., Tacconi, M. T., Garattini, S., Bonaccorsi, A., Cotillo, P., and Babulova, A.

Published
1971
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21. The inhibition of peroxide formation as a possible substrate for the neuroprotective action of dihydroergocryptine

Author

Favit A, Maria Angela Sortino, Aleppo G, Scapagnini U, and Pl, Canonico

Subjects
Neurons, Neuroprotective Agents, Free Radicals, Dopamine Agonists, Nerve Degeneration, Animals, Humans, Dihydroergotoxine, Lipid Peroxidation, Cells, Cultured
Abstract

Dihydroergocryptine is an ergot alkaloid endowed with pharmacological actions mainly related to its dopaminomimetic activity. Free radical formation and subsequent lipid peroxidation had been postulated to participate broadly to the pathogenesis of tissue injury, including the brain injury induced by hypoxia, ischemia or trauma, as well as in the physiopathology of chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. Here we report that dihydroergocryptine protects cultured rat cerebellar granule cells against age-dependent and glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Dihydroergocryptine antagonizes in fact both the neuronal death produced by acute exposure to a toxic glutamate concentration as well as the normal age-dependent degeneration in culture, presumably by exerting a scavenger action. This effect does not seem mediated entirely by interactions with the dopamine D2 receptors. The neuroprotective action of dihydroergocryptine suggests a potential usefulness in halting the acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases related to excitotoxic damage and free radical formation, including Parkinson's disease.

Published
1995

22. Antidegenerative effects of Mg(2+)-valproate in cultured cerebellar neurons

Author

Bruno, V., Sortino, M. A., Scapagnini, U., Ferdinando NICOLETTI, and Canonico, P. L.

Subjects
chemistry/drug effects, Free Radicals, analysis, Cells, Neurotoxins, Glutamic Acid, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, analysis/pharmacology, Cerebellum, Receptors, Animals, Magnesium, Cyclic GMP, Cells, Cultured, Neurons, Cultured, Valproic Acid, metabolism/pharmacology/toxicity, analysis/biosynthesis, Rats, drug effects, Nerve Degeneration, Animals, Calcium, metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Cerebellum, chemistry/drug effects, Cyclic GMP, analysis/biosynthesis, Free Radicals, analysis, Glutamic Acid, metabolism/pharmacology/toxicity, Magnesium, analysis/pharmacology, Nerve Degeneration, drug effects, Neurons, chemistry/drug effects, Neurotoxins, biosynthesis, Rats, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, drug effects, Transfer RNA Aminoacylation, drug effects, Valproic Acid, Calcium, Transfer RNA Aminoacylation, biosynthesis, metabolism
Abstract

We have investigated in the present study the effect of Mg(2+)-valproate on necrotic degeneration induced by an excitotoxic insult in primary culture of cerebellar neurons, that is an homogeneous population of glutamatergic neurons. Mg(2+)-valproate protected cultures against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity, acting as an indirect N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, thus reducing free radical formation and affecting the biochemical parameters (i.e. 45Ca(2+)-influx, cyclic GMP formation, inositol phospholipid hydrolysis and protein kinase C translocation) that undergo modifications following NMDA receptor activation in cerebellar granule cells.

Published
1995

25. Dihydroergocryptine protects from acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the rat

Author

Pl, Canonico, Maria Angela Sortino, Favit A, Aleppo G, and Scapagnini U

Subjects
Central Nervous System, Neurologic Examination, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, Rats, Inbred Lew, Animals, Dihydroergotoxine, Female, Lymphocyte Activation, Prolactin, Rats
Abstract

The effect of dihydroergocryptine, a natural alkaloid derivative which exhibits D2 dopaminomimetic properties, has been studied in Lewis female rats with experimentally induced allergic encephalomyelitis. A chronic treatment with dihydroergocryptine started two days before immunization, induced a dramatic reduction of prolactin levels accompanied by a marked amelioration of neurological signs. In addition, the proliferative activity of splenic lymphocytes induced by the mitogen Concanavalin-A (Con-A) was reduced in dihydroergocryptine-treated animals. It is suggested that this effect is related to the ability of dihydroergocryptine to lower prolactin concentrations or also, partially, to a neuroprotective action of this drug.

Published
1993

26. COLLABORATIVE PROSPECTIVE-STUDY OF THE FRAGILE-X SYNDROME - ONE-YEAR PROGRESS REPORT

Author

Sherman, Sl, Barbi, G, Brondumnielsen, K, Brown, Wt, Carpenter, Nj, Chudley, Ae, Ferraz, Op, Ferreira, P, Gustavson, Kh, Halliday, J, Hockey, A, Howardpeebles, Pn, Jenkins, E, Kennerknecht, I, Kahkonen, M, Ladaique, P, Leisti, J, Maddalena, A, Mazurczak, T, Mattei, Jf, Mattina, Teresa, Mckinley, Mj, Murphy, P, Pellissier, Mc, Purvissmith, S, Robinson, H, Scapagnini, U, Schaap, T, Shapiro, Lr, Smits, Apt, Steinbach, P, Turner, G, Uchida, Ia, Vanoost, Ba, Voelckel, Ma, Weaver, Dd, Webb, T., and University of Groningen

Subjects
PARENTAL ORIGIN, FRAGILE-X SYNDROME, MALES, RECURRENCE RISKS, X-LINKED MENTAL RETARDATION, ISOLATED CASE
Abstract

A prospective study of the fragile X syndrome [fra(X)] was initiated one year ago to refine the estimates of recurrence risks based on the phenotype of the mother and the family history of the syndrome. The basic unit of data consists of the description of the conceptus of women known to carry the fra(X) gene or of mothers of an isolated case. To date, information on 261 women and their conceptuses was ascertained primarily through prenatal diagnosis; these data are summarized here. Although tests of significance were limited due to small sample sizes in subgroups, the following trends were observed: 1) the penetrance of fra(X) site expression was 80% in both male and female conceptuses suggesting that fra(X) site expression is equally penetrant early in development; 2) the sex ratio at the time of prenatal diagnosis did not differ from one, indicating that selection against fra(X) fetuses, if any, does not differ among sexes; 3) the recurrence risk among offspring of borderline/mildly retarded mothers was higher than that among offspring of intellectually normal mothers; 4) the recurrence risk in offspring did not differ based on the mother's fra(X) site expression; and 5) the recurrence risk in offspring of mothers with isolated cases was slightly less (34%) than that of obligate carrier mothers (41%) although this was not significant. The potential use of these prospective data on the fra(X) syndrome is emphasized.

Published
1992

28. Pain sensitivity and the immune response

Author

Bernardini, Renato, Barbera, NUNZIATA GIUSEPPA ELISABETTA, Cantarella, Giuseppina, Chiarenza, A, Iurato, M. P., Lanza, S, Mauceri, G, and Scapagnini, U.

Published
1991

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