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1. High-efficiency perovskite-organic blend light-emitting diodes featuring self-assembled monolayers as hole-injecting interlayers

Author

Gedda, Murali, Gkeka, Despoina, Nugraha, Mohamad Insan, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Yengel, Emre, Khan, Jafar I., Hamilton, Iain, Lin, Yuanbao, Deconinck, Marielle, Vaynzof, Yana, Laquai, Frédéric, Bradley, Donal D. C., and Anthopoulos, Thomas D.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The high photoluminescence efficiency, color purity, extended gamut, and solution processability make low-dimensional hybrid perovskites attractive for light-emitting diode (PeLED) applications. However, controlling the microstructure of these materials to improve the device performance remains challenging. Here, the development of highly efficient green PeLEDs based on blends of the quasi-2D (q2D) perovskite, PEA2Cs4Pb5Br16, and the wide bandgap organic semiconductor 2,7 dioctyl[1] benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (C8-BTBT) is reported. The presence of C8-BTBT enables the formation of single-crystal-like q2D PEA2Cs4Pb5Br16 domains that are uniform and highly luminescent. Combining the PEA2Cs4Pb5Br16:C8-BTBT with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole-injecting layers (HILs), yields green PeLEDs with greatly enhanced performance characteristics, including external quantum efficiency up to 18.6%, current efficiency up to 46.3 cd/A, the luminance of 45 276 cd m^-2, and improved operational stability compared to neat PeLEDs. The enhanced performance originates from multiple synergistic effects, including enhanced hole-injection enabled by the SAM HILs, the single crystal-like quality of the perovskite phase, and the reduced concentration of electronic defects. This work highlights perovskite:organic blends as promising systems for use in LEDs, while the use of SAM HILs creates new opportunities toward simpler and more stable PeLEDs.

Published
2024

2. Stable and Solution-Processable Cumulenic sp-Carbon Wires: A New Paradigm for Organic Electronics

Author

Pecorario, Stefano, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Fazzi, Daniele, Gutiérrez-Fernández, Edgar, Vurro, Vito, Maserati, Lorenzo, Jiang, Mengting, Losi, Tommaso, Sun, Bozheng, Tykwinski, Rik R., Casari, Carlo S., and Caironi, Mario

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

Solution-processed, large-area, and flexible electronics largely relies on the excellent electronic properties of sp$^2$-hybridized carbon molecules, either in the form of $\pi$-conjugated small molecules and polymers or graphene and carbon nanotubes. Carbon with sp-hybridization, the foundation of the elusive allotrope carbyne, offers vast opportunities for functionalized molecules in the form of linear carbon atomic wires (CAWs), with intriguing and even superior predicted electronic properties. While CAWs represent a vibrant field of research, to date, they have only been applied sparingly to molecular devices. The recent observation of the field-effect in microcrystalline cumulenes suggests their potential applications in solution-processed thin-film transistors but concerns surrounding the stability and electronic performance have precluded developments in this direction. In the present study, ideal field-effect characteristics are demonstrated for solution-processed thin films of tetraphenyl[3]cumulene, the shortest semiconducting CAW. Films are deposited through a scalable, large-area, meniscus-coating technique, providing transistors with hole mobilities in excess of 0.1 cm$^2$ V$^{-1}$ s$^{-1}$, as well as promising operational stability under dark conditions. These results offer a solid foundation for the exploitation of a vast class of molecular semiconductors for organic electronics based on sp-hybridized carbon systems and create a previously unexplored paradigm.

Published
2022
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3. Indacenodithiophene homopolymers via direct arylation: direct polycondensation versus polymer analogous reaction pathways

Author

Adamczak, Desiree, Komber, Hartmut, Illy, Anna, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Caironi, Mario, and Sommer, Michael

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Indacenodithiophene (IDT) based materials are emerging high performance conjugated polymers for use in efficient organic photovoltaics and transistors. However, their preparation generally suffers from long reaction sequences and is often accomplished using disadvantageous Stille couplings. Herein, we present detailed synthesis pathways to IDT homopolymers using C-H activation for all C-C coupling steps. Polyketones are first prepared by direct arylation polycondensation (DAP) in quantitative yield and further cyclized polymer analogously. This protocol is suitable for obtaining structurally well-defined IDT homopolymers, provided that the conditions for cyclization are chosen appropriately and that side reactions are suppressed. Moreover, this polymer analogous pathway gives rise to asymmetric side chain patterns, which allows to fine tune physical properties. Alternatively, IDT homopolymers can be obtained via oxidative direct arylation polycondensation of IDT monomers (oxDAP), leading to IDT homopolymers with similar properties but at reduced yield. Detailed characterization by NMR, IR, UV-vis and PL spectroscopy, and thermal properties, is used to guide synthesis and to explain varying field-effect transistor hole mobilities in the range of 10-6- 10-3 cm2/Vs.

Published
2019
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4. A novel selenophene based non-fullerene acceptor for near-infrared organic photodetectors with ultra-low dark current.

Author

Qiao, Zhuoran, He, Qiao, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Panidi, Julianna, Marsh, Adam, Han, Yang, Jacoutot, Polina, Nodari, Davide, Zhang, Tianyi, Way, Amirah, White, Andrew J. P., Anthopoulos, Thomas D., Tsoi, Wing Chung, Bakulin, Artem A., Heeney, Martin, Fei, Zhuping, and Gasparini, Nicola

Abstract

Near-infrared organic photodetectors (OPDs) have great potential in many applications. However, the high dark current of many OPD devices tends to limit their specific detectivity and overall performance. Here we report a novel non-fullerene acceptor (IDSe) based on an alkylated indacenodiselenophene core, with extended light absorption up to 800 nm. When blended with the donor polymer PTQ10, we obtained OPD devices with an exceptionally low dark current density of 1.65 nA cm−2 at −2 V, high responsivity and specific detectivity exceeding 1012 Jones at 790 nm. The superior properties of PTQ10:IDSe devices are related to the higher and more balanced charge carrier mobility compared to the analogous thiophene based blend (PTQ10:IDIC). We also demonstrate large area PTQ10:IDSe based devices by doctor blade in air with a record low dark current of 1.2 × 10−7 A cm−2 under −2 V bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Enhanced sub-1 eV detection in organic photodetectors through tuning polymer energetics and microstructure

Author

Jacoutot, Polina, primary, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Nodari, Davide, additional, Panidi, Julianna, additional, Qiao, Zhuoran, additional, Schiza, Andriana, additional, Nega, Alkmini D., additional, Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia, additional, Gregoriou, Vasilis G., additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, Chochos, Christos L., additional, Bakulin, Artem A., additional, and Gasparini, Nicola, additional

Published
2023
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8. High‐Efficiency Perovskite–Organic Blend Light‐Emitting Diodes Featuring Self‐Assembled Monolayers as Hole‐Injecting Interlayers.

Author

Gedda, Murali, Gkeka, Despoina, Nugraha, Mohamad Insan, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Yengel, Emre, Khan, Jafar I., Hamilton, Iain, Lin, Yuanbao, Deconinck, Marielle, Vaynzof, Yana, Laquai, Frédéric, Bradley, Donal D. C., and Anthopoulos, Thomas D.

Subjects
LIGHT emitting diodes, WIDE gap semiconductors, MONOMOLECULAR films, ORGANIC semiconductors, QUANTUM efficiency, PEROVSKITE
Abstract

The high photoluminescence efficiency, color purity, extended gamut, and solution processability make low‐dimensional hybrid perovskites attractive for light‐emitting diode (PeLED) applications. However, controlling the microstructure of these materials to improve the device performance remains challenging. Here, the development of highly efficient green PeLEDs based on blends of the quasi‐2D (q2D) perovskite, PEA2Cs4Pb5Br16, and the wide bandgap organic semiconductor 2,7 dioctyl[1] benzothieno[3,2‐b]benzothiophene (C8‐BTBT) is reported. The presence of C8‐BTBT enables the formation of single‐crystal‐like q2D PEA2Cs4Pb5Br16 domains that are uniform and highly luminescent. Combining the PEA2Cs4Pb5Br16:C8‐BTBT with self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole‐injecting layers (HILs), yields green PeLEDs with greatly enhanced performance characteristics, including external quantum efficiency up to 18.6%, current efficiency up to 46.3 cd A−1, the luminance of 45 276 cd m−2, and improved operational stability compared to neat PeLEDs. The enhanced performance originates from multiple synergistic effects, including enhanced hole‐injection enabled by the SAM HILs, the single crystal‐like quality of the perovskite phase, and the reduced concentration of electronic defects. This work highlights perovskite:organic blends as promising systems for use in LEDs, while the use of SAM HILs creates new opportunities toward simpler and more stable PeLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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10. High‐Efficiency Perovskite–Organic Blend Light‐Emitting Diodes Featuring Self‐Assembled Monolayers as Hole‐Injecting Interlayers

Author

Gedda, Murali, primary, Gkeka, Despoina, additional, Nugraha, Mohamad Insan, additional, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Yengel, Emre, additional, Khan, Jafar I., additional, Hamilton, Iain, additional, Lin, Yuanbao, additional, Deconinck, Marielle, additional, Vaynzof, Yana, additional, Laquai, Frédéric, additional, Bradley, Donal D. C., additional, and Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional

Published
2022
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11. Addition of Diquat Enhances the Electron Mobility in Various Non‐Fullerene Acceptor Molecules

Author

Nugraha, Mohamad Insan, primary, Gedda, Murali, additional, Firdaus, Yuliar, additional, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Zhang, Weimin, additional, Alshammari, Sanaa, additional, Aniés, Filip, additional, Adilbekova, Begimai, additional, Emwas, Abdul‐Hamid, additional, McCulloch, Iain, additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, Tsetseris, Leonidas, additional, and Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional

Published
2022
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12. Y6 Organic Thin-Film Transistors with Electron Mobilities of 2.4 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ via Microstructural Tuning

Author

Gutiérrez Fernández, Edgar, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Basu, Aniruddha, Solano, Eduardo, Anthopoulos, Thomas D., and Martín, Jaime

Subjects
Electron mobility, Nonfullerene acceptors, Organic thin-film transistors, Polymorphism
Abstract

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade da Coruña/CISUG [Abstract] There is a growing demand to attain organic materials with high electron mobility, μe, as current reliable reported values are significantly lower than those exhibited by their hole mobility counterparts. Here, it is shown that a well-known nonfullerene-acceptor commonly used in organic solar cells, that is, BTP-4F (aka Y6), enables solution-processed organic thin-film transistors (OTFT) with a μe as high as 2.4 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹. This value is comparable to those of state-of-the-art n-type OTFTs, opening up a plethora of new possibilities for this class of materials in the field of organic electronics. Such efficient charge transport is linked to a readily achievable highly ordered crystalline phase, whose peculiar structural properties are thoroughly discussed. This work proves that structurally ordered nonfullerene acceptors can exhibit intrinsically high mobility and introduces a new approach in the quest of high μe organic materials, as well as new guidelines for future materials design. J.M. thanks MICINN/FEDER for the Ramón y Cajal contract and the grant Ref. PGC2018-094620-A-I00). The Xunta de Galicia is also acknowledged for the grant Proyectos de Consolidación Ref. ED431F 2021/009. J.M and E.G.-F. acknowledge support through the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, H2020-FETOPEN-01-2018-2020 (FET-Open Challenging Current Thinking), “LION-HEARTED′, grant agreement no. 828984. J.M would like to thank the financial support provided by the IONBIKE RISE project. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823989. The authors also thank the technical and human support provided by SGIker of UPV/EHU and the European funding (ERDF and ESF) Xunta de Galicia; ED431F 2021/009

Published
2022

13. Spectroscopic techniques as tools to analyze charge transport processes in organic field effect transistors

Author

Ponce-Ortiz, Rocio, Harbuzaru, Alexandra, Wang, Yingfeng, Guo, Xugang, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Caironi, Mario, and Ruíz-Delgado, María del Carmen

Subjects
Espectroscopía, Organic electronics, Pi-conjugated materials, Spectroscopy, Electrónica órganica
Abstract

The organic electronics research field has advanced tremendously in the last decades, already rendering semiconductors able to compete with their inorganic counterparts. However, the final blossoming of this field would probably come with the complete understanding of the charge transport mechanism in organic materials. For this end, spectroscopies techniques have been proven to be of great interest in the elucidation of the different processes taking place in electronic devices. These techniques, and in particular Raman spectroscopy is a rapid, noninvasive technique able to gather information on molecular and supramolecular levels, thus being really useful for this purpose. In this talk, some examples from our research group will be presented in which several spectroscopic techniques, supported by DFT quantum chemical calculations have been used to shed light on the charge transport mechanisms in organic field effect transistors (OFETs). Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Published
2022

14. Infrared Organic Photodetectors Employing Ultralow Bandgap Polymer and Non‐Fullerene Acceptors for Biometric Monitoring

Author

Jacoutot, Polina, primary, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Zhang, Tianyi, additional, Qiao, Zhuoran, additional, Aniés, Filip, additional, Neophytou, Marios, additional, Bristow, Helen, additional, Kumar, Rhea, additional, Moser, Maximilian, additional, Nega, Alkmini D., additional, Schiza, Andriana, additional, Dimitrakopoulou‐Strauss, Antonia, additional, Gregoriou, Vasilis G., additional, Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, McCulloch, Iain, additional, Bakulin, Artem A., additional, Chochos, Christos L., additional, and Gasparini, Nicola, additional

Published
2022
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15. Stable and Solution‐Processable Cumulenic sp‐Carbon Wires: A New Paradigm for Organic Electronics

Author

Pecorario, Stefano, primary, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Fazzi, Daniele, additional, Gutiérrez‐Fernández, Edgar, additional, Vurro, Vito, additional, Maserati, Lorenzo, additional, Jiang, Mengting, additional, Losi, Tommaso, additional, Sun, Bozheng, additional, Tykwinski, Rik R., additional, Casari, Carlo S., additional, and Caironi, Mario, additional

Published
2022
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17. 14 GHz Schottky Diodes Using a p ‐Doped Organic Polymer

Author

Loganathan, Kalaivanan, primary, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Faber, Hendrik, additional, Ferrari, Federico, additional, Bizak, Zhanibek, additional, Yengel, Emre, additional, Naphade, Dipti R., additional, Gedda, Murali, additional, He, Qiao, additional, Solomeshch, Olga, additional, Adilbekova, Begimai, additional, Yarali, Emre, additional, Tsetseris, Leonidas, additional, Salama, Khaled N., additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, Tessler, Nir, additional, and Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional

Published
2022
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19. Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

Author

Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., primary, Basu, Aniruddha, additional, Aniés, Filip, additional, Liu, Jian, additional, Zapata-Arteaga, Osnat, additional, Warren, Ross, additional, Firdaus, Yuliar, additional, Nugraha, Mohamad Insan, additional, Lin, Yuanbao, additional, Campoy-Quiles, Mariano, additional, Koch, Norbert, additional, Müller, Christian, additional, Tsetseris, Leonidas, additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, and Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional

Published
2021
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20. Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

Author

Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Basu, Aniruddha, Aniés, Filip, Liu, Jian, Zapata Arteaga, Osnat, Warren, Ross, Firdaus, Yuliar, Nugraha, Mohamad Insan, Lin, Yuanbao, Campoy Quiles, Mariano, Koch, Norbert, Müller, Christian, Tsetseris, Leonidas, Heeney, Martin, Anthopoulos, Thomas D., King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Wilkinson Charitable Foundation, Swedish Research Council, and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation

Subjects
Charge transfer, Semiconductors, Doping, Molecules, Impurities
Abstract

This article is part of the Organic Bioelectronics special issue. Electronic doping in organic materials has remained an elusive concept for several decades. It drew considerable attention in the early days in the quest for organic materials with high electrical conductivity, paving the way for the pioneering work on pristine organic semiconductors (OSCs) and their eventual use in a plethora of applications. Despite this early trend, however, recent strides in the field of organic electronics have been made hand in hand with the development and use of dopants to the point that are now ubiquitous. Here, we give an overview of all important advances in the area of doping of organic semiconductors and their applications. We first review the relevant literature with particular focus on the physical processes involved, discussing established mechanisms but also newly proposed theories. We then continue with a comprehensive summary of the most widely studied dopants to date, placing particular emphasis on the chemical strategies toward the synthesis of molecules with improved functionality. The processing routes toward doped organic films and the important doping–processing–nanostructure relationships, are also discussed. We conclude the review by highlighting how doping can enhance the operating characteristics of various organic devices. This work was from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Office of Sponsored Research (OSR) under award nos. OSR-2018-CARF/CCF-3079 and OSR-2019- CRG8-4095.3. F.A. acknowledges the support from The Wilkinson Charitable Foundation. C.M. acknowledges financial support from the Swedish Research Council (grant no. 2018- 03824) and the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation through a Wallenberg Academy Fellowship Prolongation grant.

Published
2021

22. Polymorphism in Non‐Fullerene Acceptors Based on Indacenodithienothiophene

Author

Marina, Sara, primary, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Gutierrez‐Fernandez, Edgar, additional, Solano, Eduardo, additional, Khirbat, Aditi, additional, Ciammaruchi, Laura, additional, Iturrospe, Amaia, additional, Balzer, Alex, additional, Yu, Liyang, additional, Gabirondo, Elena, additional, Monnier, Xavier, additional, Sardon, Haritz, additional, Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional, Caironi, Mario, additional, Campoy‐Quiles, Mariano, additional, Müller, Christian, additional, Cangialosi, Daniele, additional, Stingelin, Natalie, additional, and Martin, Jaime, additional

Published
2021
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23. Hydrogen Bonds Control Single-Chain Conformation, Crystallinity, and Electron Transport in Isoelectronic Diketopyrrolopyrrole Copolymers

Author

Wang, Qian, primary, Böckmann, Steffen, additional, Günther, Florian, additional, Streiter, Martin, additional, Zerson, Mario, additional, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Tan, Wen Liang, additional, Komber, Hartmut, additional, Deibel, Carsten, additional, Magerle, Robert, additional, Gemming, Sibylle, additional, McNeill, Christopher R., additional, Caironi, Mario, additional, Hansen, Michael Ryan, additional, and Sommer, Michael, additional

Published
2021
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25. Influence of synthetic pathway, molecular weight and side chains on properties of indacenodithiophene-benzothiadiazole copolymers made by direct arylation polycondensation

Author

Adamczak, Desiree, primary, Perinot, Andrea, additional, Komber, Hartmut, additional, Illy, Anna, additional, Hultmark, Sandra, additional, Passarella, Bianca, additional, Tan, Wen Liang, additional, Hutsch, Sebastian, additional, Becker-Koch, David, additional, Rapley, Charlotte, additional, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, Vaynzof, Yana, additional, Ortmann, Frank, additional, McNeill, Christopher R., additional, Müller, Christian, additional, Caironi, Mario, additional, and Sommer, Michael, additional

Published
2021
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27. A Low‐Swelling Polymeric Mixed Conductor Operating in Aqueous Electrolytes

Author

Nicolini, Tommaso, primary, Surgailis, Jokubas, additional, Savva, Achilleas, additional, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Nakar, Rana, additional, Thuau, Damien, additional, Wantz, Guillaume, additional, Richter, Lee J., additional, Dautel, Olivier, additional, Hadziioannou, Georges, additional, and Stingelin, Natalie, additional

Published
2020
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28. A Simple n-Dopant Derived from Diquat Boosts the Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells to 18.3%

Author

Lin, Yuanbao, primary, Nugraha, Mohamad Insan, additional, Firdaus, Yuliar, additional, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Aniés, Filip, additional, Emwas, Abdul-Hamid, additional, Yengel, Emre, additional, Zheng, Xiaopeng, additional, Liu, Jiakai, additional, Wahyudi, Wandi, additional, Yarali, Emre, additional, Faber, Hendrik, additional, Bakr, Osman M., additional, Tsetseris, Leonidas, additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, and Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional

Published
2020
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30. Y6 Organic Thin‐Film Transistors with Electron Mobilities of 2.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 via Microstructural Tuning.

Author

Gutierrez‐Fernandez, Edgar, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Basu, Aniruddha, Solano, Eduardo, Anthopoulos, Thomas D., and Martín, Jaime

Subjects
*TRANSISTORS, *HOLE mobility, *ORGANIC electronics, *SOLAR cells, *ELECTRON mobility, *CHARGE carrier mobility
Abstract

There is a growing demand to attain organic materials with high electron mobility, μe, as current reliable reported values are significantly lower than those exhibited by their hole mobility counterparts. Here, it is shown that a well‐known nonfullerene‐acceptor commonly used in organic solar cells, that is, BTP‐4F (aka Y6), enables solution‐processed organic thin‐film transistors (OTFT) with a μe as high as 2.4 cm2 V−1 s−1. This value is comparable to those of state‐of‐the‐art n‐type OTFTs, opening up a plethora of new possibilities for this class of materials in the field of organic electronics. Such efficient charge transport is linked to a readily achievable highly ordered crystalline phase, whose peculiar structural properties are thoroughly discussed. This work proves that structurally ordered nonfullerene acceptors can exhibit intrinsically high mobility and introduces a new approach in the quest of high μe organic materials, as well as new guidelines for future materials design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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31. Understanding Charge Transport in High‐Mobility p‐ Doped Multicomponent Blend Organic Transistors

Author

Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., primary, Scuratti, Francesca, additional, Barker, Alex J., additional, Basu, Aniruddha, additional, Paterson, Alexandra F., additional, Fei, Zhuping, additional, Solomeshch, Olga, additional, Petrozza, Annamaria, additional, Tessler, Nir, additional, Heeney, Martin, additional, Anthopoulos, Thomas D., additional, and Caironi, Mario, additional

Published
2020
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38. Designing small molecules as ternary energy-cascade additives for polymer:fullerene solar cell blends

Author

Punzi, Angela, Operamolla, Alessandra, Hassan Omar, Omar, Brunetti, Francesca, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Farinola, Gianluca M., and Stingelin, Natalie

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Fullerene, Materials science, 010405 organic chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Settore ING-INF/01, General Chemistry, Polymer, organic soalr cellls, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Small molecule, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, chemistry, Chemical engineering, law, Energy cascade, Solar cell, Materials Chemistry, Ternary operation, Carbon nanomaterials
Abstract

the paper is a communication there is no abstract.

Published
2018

45. Solution processing of polymer semiconductor: Insulator blends-Tailored optical properties through liquid-liquid phase separation control

Author

Hellmann, Christoph, primary, Treat, Neil D., additional, Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., additional, Razzell Hollis, Joseph, additional, Fleischli, Franziska D., additional, Bannock, James H., additional, de Mello, John, additional, Michels, Jasper J., additional, Kim, Ji-Seon, additional, and Stingelin, Natalie, additional

Published
2014
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47. Solution processing of polymer semiconductor: Insulator blends-Tailored optical properties through liquid-liquid phase separation control.

Author

Hellmann, Christoph, Treat, Neil D., Scaccabarozzi, Alberto D., Razzell Hollis, Joseph, Fleischli, Franziska D., Bannock, James H., de Mello, John, Michels, Jasper J., Kim, Ji‐Seon, and Stingelin, Natalie

Subjects
CONJUGATED polymers, LIQUID-liquid transformations, PHASE separation, ABSORPTION, SOLVENTS, EXCITON theory
Abstract

ABSTRACT It has been demonstrated that the 0-0 absorption transition of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in blends with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) could be rationally tuned through the control of the liquid-liquid phase separation process during solution deposition. Pronounced J-like aggregation behavior, characteristic for systems of a low exciton band width, was found for blends where the most pronounced liquid-liquid phase separation occurred in solution, leading to domains of P3HT and PEO of high phase purity. Since liquid-liquid phase separation could be readily manipulated either by the solution temperature, solute concentration, or deposition temperature, to name a few parameters, our findings promise the design from the out-set of semiconductor:insulator architectures of pre-defined properties by manipulation of the interaction parameter between the solutes as well as the respective solute:solvent system using classical polymer science principles. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015, 53, 304-310 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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48. Enhancing the Electrical Conductivity and Long-Term Stability of PEDOT:PSS Electrodes through Sequential Treatment with Nitric Acid and Cesium Chloride.

Author

Adilbekova B, Scaccabarozzi AD, Faber H, Nugraha MI, Bruevich V, Kaltsas D, Naphade DR, Wehbe N, Emwas AH, Alshareef HN, Podzorov V, Martín J, Tsetseris L, and Anthopoulos TD

Abstract

Solution-processable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is an important polymeric conductor used extensively in organic flexible, wearable, and stretchable optoelectronics. However, further enhancing its conductivity and long-term stability while maintaining its superb mechanical properties remains challenging. Here, a novel post-treatment approach to enhance the electrical properties and stability of sub-20-nm-thin PEDOT:PSS films processed from solution is introduced. The approach involves a sequential post-treatment with HNO 3 and CsCl, resulting in a remarkable enhancement of the electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films to over 5500 S cm -1 , along with improved carrier mobility. The post-treated films exhibit remarkable air stability, retaining over 85% of their initial conductivity even after 270 days of storage. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Hall effect measurements, and grazing incidence wide angle X-ray scattering, coupled with density functional theory calculations, provide insights into the structural changes and interactions responsible for these improvements. To demonstrate the potential for practical applications, the ultrathin PEDOT:PSS films are connected to an inorganic light-emitting diode with a battery, showcasing their suitability as transparent electrodes. This work presents a promising approach for enhancing the electrical conductivity of PEDOT:PSS while offering a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms that can guide further advances., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Published
2024
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49. Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors.

Author

Scaccabarozzi AD, Basu A, Aniés F, Liu J, Zapata-Arteaga O, Warren R, Firdaus Y, Nugraha MI, Lin Y, Campoy-Quiles M, Koch N, Müller C, Tsetseris L, Heeney M, and Anthopoulos TD

Abstract

Electronic doping in organic materials has remained an elusive concept for several decades. It drew considerable attention in the early days in the quest for organic materials with high electrical conductivity, paving the way for the pioneering work on pristine organic semiconductors (OSCs) and their eventual use in a plethora of applications. Despite this early trend, however, recent strides in the field of organic electronics have been made hand in hand with the development and use of dopants to the point that are now ubiquitous. Here, we give an overview of all important advances in the area of doping of organic semiconductors and their applications. We first review the relevant literature with particular focus on the physical processes involved, discussing established mechanisms but also newly proposed theories. We then continue with a comprehensive summary of the most widely studied dopants to date, placing particular emphasis on the chemical strategies toward the synthesis of molecules with improved functionality. The processing routes toward doped organic films and the important doping-processing-nanostructure relationships, are also discussed. We conclude the review by highlighting how doping can enhance the operating characteristics of various organic devices.

Published
2022
Full Text
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50. Y6 Organic Thin-Film Transistors with Electron Mobilities of 2.4 cm 2 V -1 s -1 via Microstructural Tuning.

Author

Gutierrez-Fernandez E, Scaccabarozzi AD, Basu A, Solano E, Anthopoulos TD, and Martín J

Abstract

There is a growing demand to attain organic materials with high electron mobility, μ e , as current reliable reported values are significantly lower than those exhibited by their hole mobility counterparts. Here, it is shown that a well-known nonfullerene-acceptor commonly used in organic solar cells, that is, BTP-4F (aka Y6), enables solution-processed organic thin-film transistors (OTFT) with a μ e as high as 2.4 cm 2  V -1  s -1 . This value is comparable to those of state-of-the-art n-type OTFTs, opening up a plethora of new possibilities for this class of materials in the field of organic electronics. Such efficient charge transport is linked to a readily achievable highly ordered crystalline phase, whose peculiar structural properties are thoroughly discussed. This work proves that structurally ordered nonfullerene acceptors can exhibit intrinsically high mobility and introduces a new approach in the quest of high μ e organic materials, as well as new guidelines for future materials design., (© 2021 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2022
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